PROJECT ON PERVIOUS PROJECT ON PERVIOUS CONCRETECONCRETE

MY BATCHMY BATCH

PROJECTGUIDEPROJECTGUIDEN.SRI KANTHN.SRI KANTH

MEMBERS V.SHIVA PRAKASH(10016T0033) N.MANOHAR (10016T0031) B. RAHUL (10016T0054) K.RAJESH (10016T0052)

NEED OF PERVIOUS CONCRETENEED OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE

A large amount of rain water ends up falling on A large amount of rain water ends up falling on impervious surfaces such as parking lots, drive ways, impervious surfaces such as parking lots, drive ways, sidewalks, ad streets rather than soaking into the soil.sidewalks, ad streets rather than soaking into the soil.

This creates an imbalance to the natural ecosystem and This creates an imbalance to the natural ecosystem and leads to a host of problems including erosion, floods, leads to a host of problems including erosion, floods, ground water level depletion and pollution of rivers, ground water level depletion and pollution of rivers, lakes etc..lakes etc..

A simple solution to avoid these problems is to stop A simple solution to avoid these problems is to stop constructing impervious surfaces that block natural constructing impervious surfaces that block natural water infiltration into the soil. water infiltration into the soil.

InsteadInstead of constructing them with conventional of constructing them with conventional concrete or asphalt, we should be switching to concrete or asphalt, we should be switching to pervious concrete or porous pavement.pervious concrete or porous pavement.

Pervious concrete also naturally filters water from Pervious concrete also naturally filters water from rainfall or storm and can reduce pollutant loads rainfall or storm and can reduce pollutant loads entering into streams, ponds and rivers.so in this entering into streams, ponds and rivers.so in this way it helps in ground water recharge.way it helps in ground water recharge.

COMPARISION OF PERVIOUS AND COMPARISION OF PERVIOUS AND IMPERVIOUS CONCRETEIMPERVIOUS CONCRETE

PERVIOUS CONCRETEPERVIOUS CONCRETE IMPERVIOUS CONCRETEIMPERVIOUS CONCRETE

BRIEF ABSTRACTBRIEF ABSTRACT

Pervious concrete is also called as no fines Pervious concrete is also called as no fines concrete. The permeability and strength of concrete. The permeability and strength of pervious concrete depends on the particle sizes pervious concrete depends on the particle sizes and proportions of the constituent materials of and proportions of the constituent materials of which the concrete is made of. This project which the concrete is made of. This project describes about the effect of size of aggregates describes about the effect of size of aggregates and proportions of cement, aggregates, and proportions of cement, aggregates, admixtures and water on porosity. admixtures and water on porosity.

AIM AND OBJECTIVEAIM AND OBJECTIVE

To determine the effect of material To determine the effect of material proportions on the engineering properties proportions on the engineering properties of the pervious concreteof the pervious concrete

The main objective is to investigate the The main objective is to investigate the performance characteristics of the performance characteristics of the pervious concrete such as porosity, pervious concrete such as porosity, compressive strength, infiltration rate compressive strength, infiltration rate etc…etc…

INTRODUCTION

Pervious concretePervious concrete is a special type of concrete with is a special type of concrete with a high porosity used for concrete flatwork a high porosity used for concrete flatwork applications.applications.

It allows water from precipitation and other sources to It allows water from precipitation and other sources to pass directly through, thereby reducing the runoff pass directly through, thereby reducing the runoff from a site and allowing groundwater recharge.from a site and allowing groundwater recharge.

It is also known as gap graded concrete It is also known as gap graded concrete or permeable concrete.

Pervious concrete has little or no fine aggregate.Pervious concrete has little or no fine aggregate.

It has just enough cementitious paste to coat the coarse It has just enough cementitious paste to coat the coarse aggregate particles while preserving the aggregate particles while preserving the interconnectivity of the voids.interconnectivity of the voids.

Pervious concrete is traditionally used in parking areas, Pervious concrete is traditionally used in parking areas, areas with light traffic, pedestrian walkways, and areas with light traffic, pedestrian walkways, and greenhouses and contributes to sustainable construction.greenhouses and contributes to sustainable construction.

It consists of 15 to 35% voids, allowing for quick drainage.

The infiltration rate of pervious concrete will fall into the range of 80 to 720 liters per minute per square meter.

LITERATURE REVIEWLITERATURE REVIEW

INDIAN CONCRETE JOURNAL,(INDIAN CONCRETE JOURNAL,(AUGUST 2010) AUGUST 2010)

PERVIOUS CONCRETE –AN OVERVIEW BY PERVIOUS CONCRETE –AN OVERVIEW BY

KARTHIK H.OBLA(PH.D IN CIVIL ENGG.)KARTHIK H.OBLA(PH.D IN CIVIL ENGG.)

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY(VOL.2 NO.5,MAY,2012) TECHNOLOGY(VOL.2 NO.5,MAY,2012)

EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF

PERVIOUS CONCRETE IN CONSTRUCTION PERVIOUS CONCRETE IN CONSTRUCTION

S.O.AJAMU,A.A.JIMOH AND J.R.OLUREMIS.O.AJAMU,A.A.JIMOH AND J.R.OLUREMI

HISTORY OF PERVIOUS CONCRETEHISTORY OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE

Pervious Concrete was first used in 1852. Pervious Concrete was first used in 1852.

Pervious concrete has been employed in European Pervious concrete has been employed in European countries since the nineteenth century.countries since the nineteenth century.

The earliest usage of pervious concrete in modern The earliest usage of pervious concrete in modern history was for two houses in England. Over 900 history was for two houses in England. Over 900 houses were built from 1942.houses were built from 1942.

Most houses using pervious concrete are in the United Most houses using pervious concrete are in the United Kingdom (ACI 522 Pervious Concrete, 2006).Kingdom (ACI 522 Pervious Concrete, 2006).

SCHEDULING OF PROJECTSCHEDULING OF PROJECT

S.NO MONTHS WORK SCHEDULED

01. AUGUST Collection of literature

02. September to November

Procurement of materials and casting

03. December and January

Casting and testing of cubes

04. February and march

Analysis of the results obtained

MATERIALSMATERIALS

Pervious concrete mainly consists of:Pervious concrete mainly consists of: Ordinary Portland cementOrdinary Portland cement Coarse aggregate (19mm – 9.5mm)Coarse aggregate (19mm – 9.5mm) Water (Free from salts and impurities)Water (Free from salts and impurities)

In normal concrete the fine aggregates typically fills In normal concrete the fine aggregates typically fills the voids between the coarse aggregates. the voids between the coarse aggregates.

In pervious concrete fine aggregate is non-existent or In pervious concrete fine aggregate is non-existent or present in very small amounts (<10% by total weight present in very small amounts (<10% by total weight of aggregates).of aggregates).

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as Flyash, pozzolonas and blast-furnace slag also are used.Flyash, pozzolonas and blast-furnace slag also are used.

These added materials will affect the performance, setting These added materials will affect the performance, setting time, strength, porosity, and permeability of the final time, strength, porosity, and permeability of the final product.product.

The overall durability of the pervious concrete is The overall durability of the pervious concrete is increased with the use of flyash, pozzolonas and blast-increased with the use of flyash, pozzolonas and blast-furnace slag due to decrease in permeability and furnace slag due to decrease in permeability and cracking.cracking.

Since pervious concrete has low workability, retarding Since pervious concrete has low workability, retarding admixtures or hydration stabilizing admixtures are useful. admixtures or hydration stabilizing admixtures are useful.

The National Ready-Mix Concrete Association provides The National Ready-Mix Concrete Association provides the following chart of typical Ranges of Materials the following chart of typical Ranges of Materials

Proportions in Pervious Concrete.Proportions in Pervious Concrete.

MATERIALMATERIAL PROPORTIONS PROPORTIONS

Cementitious Cementitious materials materials

270 to 415 270 to 415 Kg/m3Kg/m3

Aggregate Aggregate 1190 to 1480 1190 to 1480 Kg/m3Kg/m3

Water: Cement ratioWater: Cement ratio

(by mass) (by mass) 0.27 to 0.34 0.27 to 0.34

Aggregate: cement Aggregate: cement ratioratio

(by mass) (by mass)

4 to 4.5:1 4 to 4.5:1

Fine: coarse Fine: coarse aggregate ratioaggregate ratio

(by mass) (by mass)

0 to 1:1 0 to 1:1

PROPERTIES OF PERVIOUS PROPERTIES OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE:CONCRETE:

Fresh Properties:Fresh Properties:

The plastic pervious concrete mixture is stiff The plastic pervious concrete mixture is stiff compared to traditional concrete.compared to traditional concrete.

Slumps, when measured, are generally less than ¾ Slumps, when measured, are generally less than ¾ inches (20 mm), although slumps as high as 2 inches (20 mm), although slumps as high as 2 inches (50 mm) have been used.inches (50 mm) have been used.

However, slump of pervious concrete has no However, slump of pervious concrete has no correlation with its workability it is not be specified correlation with its workability it is not be specified as an acceptance criterion.as an acceptance criterion.

Hardened Properties:Hardened Properties:

Density and Porosity:Density and Porosity:

The densities are in the order of 1600 kg/m3 to The densities are in the order of 1600 kg/m3 to 2000kg/m3. 2000kg/m3.

The void contents of the pervious concrete ranges The void contents of the pervious concrete ranges from 20 to 25%.from 20 to 25%.

Permeability:Permeability:

Typical flow rates for water through pervious Typical flow rates for water through pervious concrete are 120 L/m²/min.concrete are 120 L/m²/min.

Compressive Strength:Compressive Strength:

Pervious concrete mixtures can develop compressive Pervious concrete mixtures can develop compressive strengths in the range of 3.5 MPa to 28 MPa.strengths in the range of 3.5 MPa to 28 MPa.

Typical values are about 17 MPa.Typical values are about 17 MPa.

Flexural strength:Flexural strength:

Flexural strength in pervious concretes generally Flexural strength in pervious concretes generally ranges between about 1 MPa and 3.8 MPa.ranges between about 1 MPa and 3.8 MPa.

APPLICATIONS:APPLICATIONS:

The various applications of pervious concrete are as The various applications of pervious concrete are as follows:follows:

Residential roads, alleys, and drivewaysResidential roads, alleys, and driveways Low-volume pavementsLow-volume pavements Sidewalks and pathwaysSidewalks and pathways Parking areasParking areas Tennis courtsTennis courts Sub base for conventional concrete pavementsSub base for conventional concrete pavements Well liningsWell linings Swimming pool decksSwimming pool decks Noise barriers.Noise barriers.

ADVANTAGES :

Reduces runoff from site. Helps in unchanging ground water. Eliminates need for retention ponds & other

costly storm water management practices. Provides for more efficient use of land

development. Water resources are conservedWater resources are conserved Adjacent trees and vegetation are allowed more Adjacent trees and vegetation are allowed more

rainwater.rainwater. The permeability of pervious concrete provides The permeability of pervious concrete provides

increased safety for drivers.increased safety for drivers.

IMPERVIOUSIMPERVIOUS PERVIOUSPERVIOUS

PERVIOUS CONCRETE RESIDENTIAL STREET SHOWING WATER INFILTRATION

Walkway in Beijing, China built for 2008 Olympics

Pervious concrete in IndiaPervious concrete in India

Pervious concrete can be successfully used in India Pervious concrete can be successfully used in India in applications such as parking lots, driveways, in applications such as parking lots, driveways, gullies/sidewalks, road platforms, etc.gullies/sidewalks, road platforms, etc.

Massive urban migration in Indian cities is causing Massive urban migration in Indian cities is causing the ground water to go much deeper and is causing the ground water to go much deeper and is causing water shortages.water shortages.

Further, the rain water that falls on the concrete and Further, the rain water that falls on the concrete and asphalt surfaces tend to carry a high level of asphalt surfaces tend to carry a high level of pollution and this pollution ends up in our waterways pollution and this pollution ends up in our waterways ultimately.ultimately.

The use of pervious concrete can help alleviate The use of pervious concrete can help alleviate the damage of all of these ills.the damage of all of these ills.

In future with increased urbanization, In future with increased urbanization, diminishing ground water levels and focus on diminishing ground water levels and focus on sustainability, technologies such as pervious sustainability, technologies such as pervious concrete are likely to become even more concrete are likely to become even more popular in India as well as other countries.popular in India as well as other countries.

References:References: Karthik H . Obla., “pervious concrete – an overview,” Karthik H . Obla., “pervious concrete – an overview,”

Indian Concrete Journal, August 2010 pp. 9-18.Indian Concrete Journal, August 2010 pp. 9-18.

NRMCA, “What, Why, and How? Pervious Concrete, NRMCA, “What, Why, and How? Pervious Concrete, “Concrete in practice series, CIP 38, Silver Spring, “Concrete in practice series, CIP 38, Silver Spring, Maryland, May 2004, 2pp..Maryland, May 2004, 2pp..

Pervious concrete pavements, southeast Association, Pervious concrete pavements, southeast Association, www.pervious.info

NRMCA, “Freeze Thaw Resistance of Pervious Concrete,” NRMCA, “Freeze Thaw Resistance of Pervious Concrete,” National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, May 2004.National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, May 2004.

RMC Research Foundation Pervious Concrete Research RMC Research Foundation Pervious Concrete Research Compilation: Past, Present and Future.Compilation: Past, Present and Future.

CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY TODAY, Portland Cement CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY TODAY, Portland Cement Association.Association.

THANK THANK YOU..!YOU..!