systemes de sécrétion bactérienne

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Vsvyçhlv il vãfuãycjn ebfyãuclnnl

Bucfgc Ej|fgub



Hbcv fld|c(fc n-lvy pãucybedlhlny ulfjnn|

r|-ë {buycu i| hcdcl| i| WCWl vcçfdl ë db v|cyl ilvyubpb|w il Dj|cv[BVYL\U ly il vlvãdçplv.

Bnyjn PBN DLL\]LNGJLO'2065(2=56#$iub{clu gjddbnibcv ly mubnibhbyl|u il dj|{lv ly cnvyu|hlnyv i-j{ycr|l$iãfj|pul ly iãfucy lnyul

20=9 ly 207= dl hjnilhcfujecln ¯dlv bnchbdf|dlv ¿

Ln 2700$ GBLFOLD fuãl dlyluhl il {ujycvylv 'l|fbusjylv${ujfbusjylv# {j|u iãvcmnlu$lnyul dl hjnil bnchbd ly dlhjnilpãmãybd$ dlv áyulv |ncfldd|dbculv ly dlv áyulv {d|ucfldd|dbculv vbnvycvv|v ic``ãulnfcãv

Ln 27=7$ VLICDDJY fuãldl yluhl il hcfujelv {buhc

dlvr|ldv jn icvycnm|lublnv|cyl dlv ebfyãuclv{uj{ulhlny icylv ly dlvpcu|v$$

I

j|

li

hn

h

fj

eln



R|–lvy fl r|–|nl ebfyãucl:

j Hcfujvfj{cr|l '5;nh (2¼h#

j \ncfldd|dbcul

j

\ecr|cybculj [ujfbusjyl ' iã{j|up|l i| njsb|#

j Mubnil fb{bfcyã il h|dyc{dcfbycjn'ij|edlhlny il db {j{|dbycjn ln 5;hn#.



[bujc

Fb{v|dl

Hlheubnl [dbvhcr|l

UcejvjhlvFsyj{dbvhl

[dbvhcil

@dbmlddl

[cdcMubn|dbycjn il uãvlupl

Fgujhjvjhl'BIN#

@cm|ul2$ vfgãhb hjnyul db vyu|fy|ul il db ebfyãucl



dlv v{cujfgçylv1 Yul{jnçhl 'Vs{gcdcv#

@juhl fsdcniucr|ljuhl buujnicl

dlv fjr|lv1 Vyul{yjfjr|lv

@juhl cnf|upãl j| v{cubdãl

dlv pceucjnv 1 Pceucj fgjdlubl

dlv ebfcddlv1 Vbdhjnlddb

Dlv `juhlv ilv ebfyãuclv:



j \nl fbubfyãucvycr|l ch{juybnyl ilv ebfyãuclvlvy db {bujc fldd|dbcul r|c {luhly

Db `juhl ly {ujylfycjn fjnyul dl hcdcl|

lwyãucl|u.

Dlv ãfgbnml lnyul db ebfyãucl ly dl hcdcl|lnpcujnnlhlnybd.

Db {bujc ebfyãuclnnl



j Ebvãlv v|u db ic``ãulnfl il dbvyu|fy|ul ly il db fjh{jvcycjnfgchcr|l il flyyl {bujc fldd|dbcul$ dlv ebfyãuclv {l|plny áyul icpcvãlv ln il|w

muj|{lv 1 Mubh nãmbyc` ly Mubh{jvcyc`.



Fsyj{dbvhl ebfyãucln

Hcdcl| lwyãucl|u

[ãucv{dbvhl

Hlheubnl cnylunl

Hlheubnl lwylunl

Hbfujhjdãf|dlv'{ujyãcnlv$ n|fdãj{ujyãcnlv#

Dlv vsvyçhlv il vãfuãycjn ebfyãuclnnl



j

Db {d|v ch{juybnyl pjcl i–lw{juy il {ujyãcnlv$'fglq dlvbufgãlv$ dlv l|ebfyãuclv ly dlv l|fbusjylv#

j

Vb {uãvlnfl lvy cnicv{lnvbedl {|cvr|l vjn bevlnfl lvy dãybdl {j|u db ebfyãucl.

j Cd {luhly dl {bvvbml ilv {ujyãcnlv pluv dl {ãuc{dbvhlhbcv cd lvy b|vvc |n ilv vsvyçhlv r|c {luhly d–cnvluycjn

ilv {ujyãcnlv ibnv db hlheubnl cnylunl'hc#

Dl vsvyçhl VLF



j Dl vsvyçhl fjh{ulni db {ujyãcnl

fsyj{dbvhcr|l VlfB r|c {luhly |n b{{juy

i–ãnlumcl {bu d–gsiujdsvl il d–BY[

nãflvvbcul {j|u dl `jnfycjnnlhlny il db

hbfgcnlucl$

Dl vsvyçhl VLF



Dl vsvyçhl YbyY}cn Bumcncnl Yubnvdjfbycjn.

j Iãfj|pluy ibnv db hlheubnl ilv Ygsdbojêilv i| hbêv$

j \n vsvyçhl bdylunbyc` `|y hcv ln ãpcilnfl fglq L. Fjdc

{luhlyybny db yubnvdjfbycjn il {ujyãcnlv ul{dcãlv ly

bfycpãlv b| vlcn i| fsyj{dbvhl ly ijny d–ãnlumcl iã{lni i| ' ∀ [g # yubnvhlheubnbcul



j Fl hjil lvy cnfjh{bycedl bplf db nãflvvcyã {j|u

fluybcnlv lnqshlv il `cwlu ilv fj`bfyl|uv

fsyj{dbvhcr|lv {j|u ilplncu bfycplv$ njybhhlny dlv hãybddjlnqshlv ilv fgbînlv ulv{cubyjculv dcãlv

ë db `bfl {ãuc{dbvhcr|l ilv hlheubnlv.

Dl vsvyçhl Yby



Fdbvvãv vldjn ( Fjh{jvcycjn ln {ujyãcnlv

( Dl|uv vchcdcy|ilv ln bfcilv bhcnãv

( Dl|uv hãfbncvhlv il `jnfycjnnlhlny

Dlv ys{lv il vsvyçhlv il vãfuãycjn



VVY2

( Db {ujyãcnl BEF 'BY[ Ecnicnm Fbvvlyyl#$ dl hjyl|u i|

vsvyçhl vl djfbdcvl b| ncplb| il d–HC$

( Db {ujyãcnl H@[ 'Hlheubnl @|vcjn [ujylcn# lvy

d–bib{ybyl|u lnyul d–HL ly d–CH

( Db {ujyãcnl JH[ `juhbny dl {jul il d–HL.

Vl fjh{jvl il yujcv {ujyãcnlv {luhlyybny db vãfuãycjn

i–lwj{ujyãcnlv ln |nl vl|dl ãyb{l 1

Gb GB

GB



Dlv Y2VV {luhlyylny db vãfuãycjn il {ujyãcnlv il ic``ãulnylv ybcddlv

ly `jnfycjnv. 'lw1 β gãhjdsvcnl 'GdsB# fglq L. fjdc#

JH[

H@[

BEF


[ãucv{dbvhl

HC

HL

VVY2

Gb GB

GB]BBBB



j B ãyã cilnyc`cã {j|u db {ulhcçul `jcv fglq db ebfyãucl O. Jwsyjfb ln 237=.

j

Fjnvcvyl ln |n bvvlhedbml il25 ë 20

{ujyãcnlv ic``ãulnylvfjh{ulnbny BY[bvl$ |nl [ujyãcnl Fgb{lujnnl ly |nl [l{ycibvl

j Dl vvy5 hly ln al| dlv il|w vsvyçhlv il yubnv{juy hjdãf|dbculv 1

vsvyçhl VLF ly YBY.

VVY5



Vlf j| Yby

VVY5

yubnv`ãuãlv ë yubpluv db hlheubnl

cnylunl il db ebfyãucl {bu dlv

vsvyçhlv il yubnv{juy VLF j| YBY

\nl `jcv ibnv dl {ãuc{dbvhl$ dlv

{ujyãcnlv vjny lnv|cyl yubnv{juyãlv

pluv D–lwyãucl|u {bu dl VVY5

Db vãfuãycjn ilv {ujyãcnlv

ln il|w ãyb{lvLw{juybycjn

Vãfuãycjn

VVY5 1 |n `bfyl|u ch{juybny il pcu|dlnfl ilv ebfyãuclv {bygjmçnlv ly

vãfuçyl ilv {ujyãcnlv ibnv d–lnpcujnnlhlny lwyubfldd|dbcul jó lddlv vjny

fb{bedlv il iãmubilu ilv fjh{jvãv ilv fldd|dlv gùylv$'ilv {ujyãcnlv$ ilv

dc{cilv ly ilv v|fulv il db hbyucfl lwyubfldd|dbcul#$

VVY5



VVY6

j Vl fjh{jvl i–|nl pcnmybcnl il {ujyãcnlv `juhbny |nl

vlucnm|l {luhlyybny d–cnalfycjn il {ujyãcnlv i| fsyj{dbvhl il db ebfyãucl iculfylhlny ibnv db fldd|dl il

d–gùyl jó cdv {l|plny hji|dlu |nl mubnil pbucãyã il

`jnfycjn s fjh{ucv dlv uã{jnvlv chh|ncybcul

j il|w {buyclv 1

dl fju{v ebvbd ly vjn {ujdjnmlhlny r|c vldjn dlv fbv {ulni ic``ãulnyv njhv '`cdbhlny$ {cd|v j| bcm|cddl#.



( \n icvr|l {ujyãcr|l$ 'HL# {luhlyybny db vãfuãycjn il hbfujhjdãf|dlv

( \n icvr|l {ujyãcr|l {luhly |n dcln lnyul d–HC ly d–HL ln `juhbny |n

{jul

( \nl {dbyl`juhl {ujyãcr|l$ `juhãl il {ujyãcnlv il db `bhcddl SvfR. ln

cnylubfycjn bplf dl fsyj{dbvhl ly d–HC$ lvy ln bvvjfcbycjn bplf d–BY[bvl il

db {dbyl`juhl $

( D–gsiujdsvl il d–BY[ {bu d–BY[bvl {luhly il `j|uncu il d–ãnlumcl ë db

vãfuãycjn. Flyyl {dbyl`juhl b|ubcy b|vvc |n uùdl ë aj|lu ibnv db

ulfjnnbcvvbnfl ilv l``lfyl|uv$

fju{v ebvbd 1VVY6



Icvr|l

{ujyãcr|l

BY[

[dbyl`juhl{ujyãcr|l

Icvr|l

{ujyãcr|l


Hcdcl| lwyãucl|u

[ãucv{dbvhl

Hlheubnl cnylunl

Hlheubnl lwylunl

VVY6



VVY9

j Fjh{jvã i–b| hjcnv 22 {ujyãcnlv

j Vluplny b| yubnv{juy il {ujyãcnlv dlv fjh{dlwlv

hbfujhjdãf|dbculv 'fjh{jvãv il {ujyãcnlv vl|dlv j|

ecln bvvjfcãlv ë il d–BIN# `juhbny |n fbnbd ë yubpluv

db {bujc ebfyãuclnnl$

j Jn {l|y bcnvc icpcvlu dlv Y9VV ln yujcv `bhcddlv



Dlv vsvyçhlv il fjna|mbcvjn {luhlyybny dlyubnv`luy i–bin pluv |nl fldd|dl uãfl{yucfl fcedl ln

ãybedcvvbny |n fjnybfy iculfy 'fjna|mbcvjn#.

Dl vsvyçhl dl hcl|w fbubfyãucvã lvy dl vsvyçhl

pcue i–bmujebfyluc|h y|hl`bfclnv 'ebfyãucl

{gsyj{bygjmçnl ulv{jnvbedl il db `juhbycjn il

y|hl|uv i| fjddly#

Dlv vsvyçhlv il yubnv{juy il {ujyãcnlv r|c lw{juylny dlv hjdãf|dlv l``lfyucflv i| {bygjmçnl

pluv dlv fldd|dlv l|fbusjylv i|ubny d–cn`lfycjn .

Db {d|{buy il flv Y9VV cnalfylny dl|u v|evyuby

iculfylhlny ibnv dl fsyjvjd il db fldd|dl l|fbusjyl

fjhhl {j|u dlv Y6VV.

Dlv vsvyçhlv icylv il ¯ fjh{ãylnfl ¿ bvv|ubny d–ãfgbnml i–BIN bplf dl hcdcl| lwyubfldd|dbcul

Uãflhhlny$ |nl b|yul `bhcddl il Y9VV b ãyãiãfj|pluyl r|c {luhlyyubcy dl yubnv`luy i–îdjy il

{bygjmãncfcyã lnyul dlv ebfyãuclv

Flyyl vãfuãycjn {bu dlv Y9VV {l|y áyul iã{lnibnyl i|

vsvyçhl Vlf bplf |nl ãyb{l {ãuc{dbvhcr|l hbcv {l|y b|vvc

vl `bcul ln |nl vl|dl ãyb{l 'i| fsyj{dbvhl b| hcdcl|

lwyubfldd|dbcul j| ibnv dl fsyjvjd il db fldd|dl fcedl#.



VVY9

Dl {cd|v vl djfbdcvbny b| ncplb| il db v|u`bfl il db ebfyãucl lvy

fjh{jvã il PcuE5 ly PcuE<.

Dl fbnbd yubnvhlheubnbcul fjh{jvã i–|nl icqbcnl il {ujyãcnlv

PcuE.

PcuE2'yubnvmdsfjdbvl {luhlyybny |nl dsvl djfbdcvãl il db {bujc

ebfyãuclnnl {j|u {luhlyyul db hcvl ln {dbfl i| Y9VV#

PcuE= ly PcuE3 'gãyãujichçul #djfbdcvã b| ncplb| il d–HL$ PcuE7$ PcuE2; 1 {ujyãcnlv il d–CH bplf |n dbuml vlmhlny

{ãuc{dbvhcr|l.

9



[cdcv

F b n b d

y u b n v h l h e u b

n b c u l

VVY9


Hcdcl| lwyãucl|u

[ãucv{dbvhl

Hlheubnl cnylunl

Hlheubnl lwylunl

<



VVY<

Dlv

`bhcddlv i|

vsvyçhl P

B|yjyubnv{juyl|uv

'Pb j| BY(2#

dlv vsvyçhlv ë il|w

{buylnbculv 'Pe#

Vsvyçhl fgb{lujnnl(

|vglu 'Pf j| BY(5#.

vyu|fy|ul ly hjil il ecjmãnçvl

vchcdbculv ilv ic``ãulnylv {ujyãcnlv il

flv vsvyçhlv.

db {buycf|dbucyã il `jnfycjnnlu ln

bevlnfl i–BY[$

Y<



Dlv b|yjyubnv{juyl|uv vjny fjnvycy|ãv i–|nl vl|dl

{ujyãcnl fjh{ulnbny {d|vcl|uv ijhbcnlv

Ijhbcnl

ε

Yubpluvl db hlheubnl lwylunl

ebfyãuclnnl$Ijhbcnl

{bvvbmlu Ijhbcnl lwyubfldd|dbcul

Uãmcjn ildcbcvjn

Vcy|ãl lnyul flv il|w ijhbcnlv

VVY<



VlfIL@MS

VLF

Ijhbcnl E

Ijhbcnl {bvvbmlu

Uãmcjn il dcbcvjnHjdãf|dl l``lfyucfl

NY[

VLF

By{v

Ul{uãvlnybycjn vfgãhbycr|l i| vsvyçhl il vãfuãycjn il ys{l P

Pb Pe Pf

b 1 b|yjyubnv{juyl|u'BY(2#

e1 vsvyçhl ë 5 {ujyãcnlv'y{v#f 1b|yjyubnv{juyl|u yuchãucr| ' BY(5#

VVY0



VVY0

Fl vsvyçhl il vãfuãycjn b ãyã {uj{jvã {bu [|obyqoc ly vlv fjddbejubyl|uv '5;;0#

Fjh{jvã il 25 ë 5< {ujyãcnlv

Ulv{jnvbedl il db vãfuãycjn ilv {ujyãcnlv GF[

'G lhjdsvcn(Fjulm|dbyli [ujylcn# ly lvy fjiã {bu dlv mçnlv Pbv 'pcu|dlnfl(bvvjfcbyli vlfulycjn#

VVY0



j Db iãfj|pluyl il fl vsvyçhl ãybny uãflnyl$ dlv

ijnnãlv v|u db fjh{jvcycjn$ vjn hjil

i–bvvlhedbml ly vb yj{jdjmcl vjny yuçv {b|pulv.

j B fb|vl il fldb$ dlv gs{jygçvlv v|u dlv

fbubfyãucvycr|lv ilv Y0VVv vjny yuçv pbucãlv ly

{l|plny vl fjnyulicul i–|n yubpbcd ë |n b|yul.

VVY0

VVY=



VVY=

Fjh{jvã il 25 ë 5< {ujyãcnlv

B ãyã fbubfyãucvã {j|u db {ulhcçul `jcv fglq Fgjdlublil Pceucj ly [vl|ijhjnbv Blu|mcnjvb

[uãvlny fglq dlv ebfyãuclv Mubh /

VVY=



Ln fjnvãr|lnfl$ dlv mãnjhlv il flv lv{çflv lnfjilny |nl

`bhcddl il vsvyçhlv il vãfuãycjn v{ãfcbdcvãv fjddlfycplhlny b{{ldãv dlv vsvyçhlv il ys{l PCC vlfycjn 'Y=VV#

Ecln r|l dlv ebfyãuclv Mubh / jny vl|dlhlny |nl vl|dl

hlheubnl$ fluybcnlv lv{çflv$ njybhhlny dlv hsfjebfyãuclv$jny |nl {bujc fldd|dbcul r|c lvy `juylhlny hjic`cãl {bu dlv

dc{cilv$ b{{ldã Hsfjhlheubnl.

VVY=



Bnfuã ë db hlheubnl cnylunl il db dclu f(yluhcnbdlv ilvl``lfyl|uv$ r|c vjny cnpbucbedlhlny vãfuãyãl fjhhl

gãyãujichçulv.

Fjh{jvã il {ujyãcnlv lnfjul cnfjnn|lv

@juhã {bu db {ujyãcnl hlheubnbcul cnyãmubdl up67==

fbnbd il

yubnvdjfbycjn

hlheubnbcu

l cnylunl

fbnbd icvycnfy

ibnv dl

hsfjhlheub

nl

Fgb{lujnl(dcol

by{bvlv

Dlv hjiçdlv bfy|ldv il flvsvyçhl v|mmçulny



Fjnfd|vcjn

Dlv ebfyãuclv vjny {uãvlnylv

{buyj|y v|u Yluul $v|u dl vjd$ dlv h|uv$ ibnv d–lb|$ v|u njv bdchlnyv ly háhl b d–cnyãucl|u il njyul

jumbncvhl

Hbcv elb|fj|{ il ebfyãuclv vjny



Hbdmuã dl|u {lycylvvl $ lddlv aj|lny |n

uùdl yuçv ch{juybny ly chhlnvl ibnv njyul pcl $

E b f y ã u c l

v

{ b y g j m ç n

l v

Ebfcddl il ojfg 'Db y|eluf|djvl#

fdjvyucic|h yãybncl 'dl yãybnjv#

bnycecjycr|lv

Ebfyãuclvcnj``lnvcplv

Icmãulu ln iãmubilny

fluybcnlv hjdãf|dlvi–bdchlnyv r|l nj|v nl

vbpjnv {bv iãmubilu

[uji|cvlny ln ãfgbnml ilv

hjdãf|dlv r|l nj|v bevjuejnv'db

pcybhcnl O r|c lvy ln {buycl`beucr|ãl {bu dlv ebfyãuclv il

njyul y|el icmlvyc`

'fjbm|dbycjn i| vbnm#

Hbcv elb|fj|{ il ebfyãuclv vjny cnj``lnvcplv ly |ycdlv {j|u nj|v $lddlv nj|v

bcilny ë1



Lddlv vjny ulv{jnvbedlv il db ecjiãmubibycjn vbnv flv ebfyãuclv$ yj|y fl r|c v–bff|h|dl

v|u yluul il{|cv ilv hcddãnbculv `juhlubcy |n bhbv il iãfglyv r|c byylcniubcy db d|nl.

@luhlnybycjn

@beucfbycjn i| `ujhbml



Hluf

systemes de sécrétion bactérienne

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