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1/22

MeningesMeninges

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Intracranial hematomasIntracranial hematomas

subdural epidural

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Subarachnoid hemorrhageSubarachnoid hemorrhage

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External Anatomy of the Spinal CordExternal Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

note that the lumbar

enlargement is located

in the thoracic region

lumbar nerves then

extend inferiorly as the

cauda equina, into the

lumbar region

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Internal Anatomy of the Spinal CordInternal Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

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Comparison of Spinal Cord RegionsComparison of Spinal Cord Regions

cervicaland lumbar- enlarged anterior

grey horn corresponds with innervation

to the upper and lower extremities

thoracic- slightlyenlarged lateral grey

horn corresponds with sympathetic

outflow

sacral- enlarged anterior grey horn

corresponds with parasympathetic

outflow

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Internal Anatomy of the Spinal CordInternal Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

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8/22

Sensory and Motor TractsSensory and Motor Tracts

tracts are named according to origin, destination and spinal

location

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Sensory tractsSensory tracts

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Motor tractsMotor tracts

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Conditions Affecting the Spinal CordConditions Affecting the Spinal Cord

spina bifida cystica lumbar spondylolisthesis

with degenerative disc and

narrowed IVF

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Anatomy of the Spinal NerveAnatomy of the Spinal Nerve grey rami located along the length of

the cord

white rami only found inthoracolumbar region

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Conditions Affecting Spinal NervesConditions Affecting Spinal Nerves

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14/22

Bells PalsyBells Palsy

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Cervical Plexus (C1 4/5)Cervical Plexus (C1 4/5)

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16/22

Brachial Plexus (C5 T1)Brachial Plexus (C5 T1)

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Conditions Affecting the Brachial PlexusConditions Affecting the Brachial Plexus

Erb duchenes palsy

injury to the upper brachial plexus (C5-6)

resulting arm position is adduction, medial

rotation and elbow extension

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18/22

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Lumbar Plexus (L1 4)Lumbar Plexus (L1 4)

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Sacrococcygeal Plexus (L4 S3, S4 - Co)Sacrococcygeal Plexus (L4 S3, S4 - Co)

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21/22

Intercostal Nerves (T2 12)Intercostal Nerves (T2 12)

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22/22

Dermatomes and Cutaneous InnervationDermatomes and Cutaneous Innervation