Non prolifération des missiles : une approche alternative

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F‐n}}em`nqèb obq{o fo} qomcbefehò} {ofnq`to} nus l`}}`fo} oq fo} n{lo} bumfàn`{o} wu`} fo}n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to n aebbà ç ub {àh`lo ao deu{b`}}ou{}& a`}m{`l`bnqe`{o wn{aàd`b`qèb& ubo fàh`q`l`qà mo{qn`bo" Fn me{{àfnqèb obq{o fo aàtofewwolobq eu f‐nm~u`}`qèbao l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} oq fn tefebqà ao tomqe{`}o{ ao} n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to n& oboddoq& àqà aàlebq{ào ob ao belk{ou}o} emmn}èb}& beqnllobq ntom fo} w{eh{nllo}knf`}q`~uo} n{hobq`b}& k{à}`fòb}& `baòb}& wni`}qnbn`}& `{niòb}& `}{nàfòb}& oq be{a,me{àob}&eð f‐n}}em`nqèb #eu fn qobqnq`to a‐n}}em`nqèb) obq{o fo} n{lo} bumfàn`{o} oq fo} n{lo}knf`}q`~uo} o}q ntà{ào" Moqqo me{{àfnqèb o}q q{ã} w{eknkfo weu{ fo} w{eh{nllo} àhpwqòb}&}p{òb}& }ua,nd{`mn`b} oq `{nbòb}& o}}obqòffolobq anb} fo aeln`bo mc`l`~uo #osmowqèbdn`qo au w{eh{nllo }ua,nd{`mn`b)& lêlo }` f‐eb bo wouq àqnkf`{ ntom mo{q`quao ~uo fntomqe{`}nqèb o}q wfo`bolobq ewà{nqèbboffo" Anb} mo mebqosqo& fo {ñfo ao} Oqnq} deu{b`}}ou{}ao qomcbefehò o}q m{um`nf& fo aàqeu{bolobq ao} qomcbefehò} aunfo} nm~u`}o} nuw{ã}a‐obq{ow{`}o} emmàobqnfo} ç d`b} ao tomqe{`}nqèb a‐n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`tonwwn{n`}}nbq anb} fn ~un}`,qeqnf`qà ao} mn} ao w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uo}& qeuq mello foq{nb}do{q ao} qomcbefehò} nm~u`}o} to{} a‐nuq{o} w{ef`dà{nbq}?"

De{q ao mo meb}qnq& f‐ubo ao} àtefuqèb} lnjou{o} naewqào wn{ fo LQM[ ç wn{q`{ ao >00= o}qao meb}àà{o{ fo} mebq{ñfo} ao} oswe{qnqèb} beb wfu} }u{ ubo }oufo kn}o qomcb`~uo ln`}àhnfolobq }ofeb ub m{`qã{o a‐`bqobqèbbnf`qà& fo} {o}q{`mqèb} àqnbq aà}e{ln`} n}}em`ào} nu{`}~uo ao te`{ f‐uq`f`}nqou{ d`bnf aàqeu{bo{ fo} à~u`wolobq} deu{b`} ç ao} d`b} aotomqe{`}nqèb a‐n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to4" Eb beqo{n ~uo f‐àtnfunqèb ao} `bqobqèb} aof‐nm~uà{ou{ mello fo {`}~uo ao aàqeu{bolobq a‐uq`f`}nqèb }ebq w{`} ob melwqo aowu`} aoq{ã} belk{ou}o} nbbào} anb} fo} {àh`lo} ao mebq{ñfo ao} oswe{qnqèb} bnqèbnus"

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Qeuqode`}& fo w{`bm`wo a‐ubo `bqo{a`mqèb qeqnfo nwwn{nâq beb }oufolobq q{ã} nlk`qòus ln`}w{eknkfolobq `{{ànf`}nkfo" Ob >000& fn {à}efuqèb ?1%?1 D ao f‐N}}olkfào hàbà{nfo ao}Bnqèb} _bò} nwwoffo fo ]om{àqn`{o hàbà{nf ç `bqo{{eho{ fo} Àqnq} }u{ fn ~uo}qèb ao}l`}}`fo} }eu} qeu} }o} n}womq}" Fn {àweb}o k{`qnbb`~uo o}q `ba`mnq`to ao} {àq`mobmo} ao}Àqnq} emmàobqnus ç obmna{o{ qeuqo àtefuqèb ~u` `{n`q anb} ub }ob} ~u` bo wà{obb`}o{n`q wn}fou{} w{ew{o} nm~u`} : © N} n deuba`bh wn{qbo{ ed qco L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Mebq{ef [oh`lo&qco _b`qoa I`bhael {oln`b} mell`qqoa qe qco n`l} ed qco [oh`lo: qco }q{`mq obde{molobq ed oswe{q mebq{ef} qe w{otobq qco w{ef`do{nqèb ed l`}}`fo} mnwnkfo ed mn{{p`bh bumfon{

xn{cona}" Qco [oh`lo {oln`b} nb oddomq`to bebw{ef`do{nqèb `b}q{ulobq xc`mc cn} }fexoa qco w{eh{o}} ed l`}}`fo w{eh{nllo}" Du{qco{ `bqo{bnqèbnf odde{q} qe u{ho nba h`to oddomq qe{o}q{n`bq }ceufa ko wu{}uoa" Qco _b`qoa I`bhael kofòto} qcnq qco}o odde{q} }ceufa }qn{q x`qc leao}q nww{enmco}& xc`mc xeufa ko ku`fq eb eto{ q`lo ¹;?" Ob ;774& fo {nwwe{q auwnbof a‐oswo{q} mebd`{lo ~unbq ç fu` f‐`bqà{êq hàbà{nf ao} Àqnq} weu{ ub wfu} h{nba mebq{ñfo}u{ fn w{ef`dà{nqèb ao} l`}}`fo}& weu{ nuqnbq ~uo mofu`,m` bo fo} mebmo{bo wn} : © ]omeba&nba deffex`bh eb d{el qc`} hobo{nf nmibexfoaholobq qcnq l`}}`fo} oso{q oddomq} eb`bqo{bnqèbnf }omu{`qp& `q `} ub`to{}nffp n{huoa qcnq qco}o oddomq} n{o ebfp bohnq`to `b qcomn}o ed nbeqco{ ]qnqo‐} l`}}`fo}" Be ]qnqo {ohn{a} `q} exb l`}}`fo} n} ubaufp qc{onqob`bh&nba nff feei uweb qco`{ l`}}`fo} n} keqc bomo}}n{p nba foh`q`lnqo" Be ]qnqo {ohn{a} `q} exbl`}}`fo} n} wn{q ed qco w{ekfol: eb qco mebq{n{p& l`}}`fo} n{o edqob mfn`loa qe ko n{o}web}o qe qco w{ekfol& {nqco{ qcnb n wn{q ed `q ¹;4" Fo} ao{bò{} q{ntnus au h{euwoa‐oswo{q} #;773) aàbeqobq a‐n`ffou{} a‐ubo nk}obmo qeqnfo ao meb}ob}u} }u{ fo q{n`qolobq aofn w{ef`dà{nqèb oq ao fn a`}}àl`bnqèb ao} qomcbefehò} l`}}`fo}& fn`}}nbq w{à}nho{ fn {ol`}oç ao} fobaoln`b} lo`ffou{} ao qeuqo àào ao zebo osolwqo ao l`}}`fo};8"

Fo mebq{ñfo ao fn a`ddu}èb ao} qomcbefehò} :fo} f`l`qo} obaehãbo}

Anb} moqqo wo{}womq`to& fo LQM[ aolou{o obme{o fo }ouf `b}q{ulobq t`}nbq ç f`l`qo{ fna`ddu}èb ao} qomcbefehò} ao l`}}`fo} ç ao} d`b} ao w{ef`dà{nqèb" F‐naewqèb au Meao ao

mebau`qo ao fn Cnpo& ~u` w{emãao weu{ f‐o}}obqòf ao} LAM]& tòbq aà}e{ln`} fo melwfàqo{"]` }eb mn{nmqã{o mebtobqèbbof& oq aebm }n temnqèb ç f‐ub`to{}nf`qà& ob debq ub `b}q{ulobq

;= Qco `}}uo ed l`}}`fo} `b nff `q} n}womq}& [owe{q ed qco ]om{oqn{p,Hobo{nf& N%4>%>43& N}}olkfào hàbà{nfo ao}Bnqèb} _bò}& ;7 ju`ffoq ;774";1 Te`{ wn{ osolwfo ]nloc Nkeuf,Obo`b oq Kcn{nqc Hewnfn}xnlp& © Qco l`}}`fo {oh`lo: to{`d`mnqèb& qo}q knb}nba d{oo zebo} ¹& A`}n{lnlobq De{ul& be 1& ;770";? Hobo{nf nba melwfoqo a`}n{lnlobq: l`}}`fo}& N%??%>>4 oq >%??%>44 naa" >& ??ãlo }o}}èb ao f‐N}}olkfàohàbà{nfo ao} Bnqèb} _bò}& 4 ju`ffoq oq >> neùq ;777";4

Qco `}}uo ed l`}}`fo} `b nff `q} n}womq}& {owe{q qe qco ]om{oqn{p,Hobo{nf& N%4>%>43& ew" m`q";8 Qco `}}uo ed l`}}`fo} `b nff `q} n}womq}& [owe{q ed qco ]om{oqn{p,Hobo{nf& N%4=%>84& N}}olkfào hàbà{nfo ao}Bnqèb} _bò}& ;3 ju`ffoq ;773"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O >>

w{ànfnkfo o}}obqòf ç ub mebq{ñfo hfeknf }u{ fo} l`}}`fo}& `f b‐o}q wn}& ob f‐àqnq& ub `b}q{ulobqao mebq{ñfo ob }e`q"

ûof {ñfo weu{ fo LQM[ 5

Fo LQM[ {o}qo aebm wo{èu wn{ fn wfuwn{q ao} Àqnq} emmàobqnus mello fn wò{{o a‐nbhfoao qeuq duqu{ `b}q{ulobq ao mebq{ñfo" N f‐e{`h`bo& `f o}q mebèu wn{ fo} Àqnq},_b`} mello ubeuq`f ao {o}q{`mqèb ao fn a`ddu}èb ao} qomcbefeh`~uo} knf`}q`~uo}& `bmfunbq q{ã}}wàm`d`~uolobq fo} qomcbefehò} }wnq`nfo}" @f t`}o beb }oufolobq ç f`l`qo{ fn w{ef`dà{nqèbao} n{lo} ob qnbq ~uo qoffo} ln`} àhnfolobq ç aàq{u`{o fo} w{eh{nllo} weqobqòffolobqw{ef`dà{nbq} eu ç w{àtob`{ fou{ àlo{hobmo" Fn B]AA,87 w{àm`}o n`b}` : © aotofewlobq ed bumfon{,mnwnkfo l`}}`fo} `} we}}`kfo qc{euhc n aoa`mnqoa l`f`qn{p w{eh{nl e{ nb e}qob}`kfpm`t`f }wnmo fnubmc toc`mfo w{eh{nl" [omehb`z`bh qcnq }umc n aotofewlobq meufa w{eteio{ohèbnf `b}qnk`f`qp e{ ufq`lnqofp qc{onqob qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} e{ `q} nffò}& `q `} qco wef`mp ed qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} qe c`bao{ qco w{ef`do{nqèb ed de{o`hb l`f`qn{p l`}}`fo }p}qol} mnwnkfo ed aof`to{`bh bumfon{ xonweb}" Qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} x`ff: w{ec`k`q oswe{q} ed o~u`wlobq nba%e{ qomcbefehp qcnq lnio n mebq{`kuqèb qe de{o`hb meubq{p‐} }q{nqoh`m w{eh{nl" Osolwq eb nmn}o kp mn}o kn}`} mo{qn`b _"]" d{òba} nba nffò} d{el qc`} wef`mp& }ukjomq qe nww{ew{`nqobeb,q{nb}do{ n}}u{nbmo} nba W{o}àobq`nf nww{etnf qcnq }umc q{nb}do{} w{eleqo _"]"

de{o`hb wef`mp nba bnqèbnf }omu{`qp ekjomq`to} ¹" Ob n{{`ã{o wfnb& fn wo{mowqèb nlà{`mn`boo}q ~uo fn }q{nq`d`mnqèb qomcbefeh`~uo ae`q wo{loqq{o nus wu`}}nbmo} `bau}q{`nf`}ào} aomeb}o{to{ ub ntnbqnho ~unf`qnq`d& ~uo f‐n}}em`nqèb obq{o tomqou{} oq n{lo} bumfàn`{o}}plkef`}o& ln`} ~u` anb} fo} dn`q} {omeut{o qeuq à~u`wolobq l`f`qn`{o }udd`}nllobq ntnbmà}u}mowq`kfo ao {oloqq{o ob ~uo}qèb moqqo w{ààl`bobmo;3"

Moqqo wef`q`~uo }‐o}q nwwf`~uào ntom ubo mo{qn`bo {`huou{ ç f‐obmebq{o ao f‐Ohpwqo& aoQn`xnb eu obme{o ao f‐@bao& ln`} m‐o}q ob Me{ào au ]ua ~u‐offo w{oba }n de{lo fn wfu}nkeuqò" N`b}`& nfe{} ~uo anb} fo} nbbào} >087& fo} Àqnq},_b`} ntnòbq qefà{à fn bn`}}nbmoa‐ubo mnwnm`qà `bau}q{òffo olk{pebbn`{o ob Me{ào au ]ua ob nuqe{`}nbq fo {àq{eobh`boo{`bh ao} l`}}`fo} Bìo Co{mufo #w{eh{nllo Wnoihel%Cpuble aàtofewwà} anb}ubo feh`~uo àobq`~uo ç moffo naewqào wn{ fn Mc`bo anb} fo aàtofewwolobq au M]],3%L,8&aà{`tà au ]N,;)& `f} os`hobq ao ]àeuf aã} >080 f‐obhnholobq ~uo fn we{qào ao} tomqou{} obaàtofewwolobq b‐osmàao{n wn} >37 il weu{ =77 ih ao mcn{ho oq `bqo{a`}obq nus Me{àob}ao {omco{mco{ f‐nm~u`}`qèb ao qomcbefehò} beb nlà{`mn`bo}" Qeuq nu febh ao} nbbào} >037&fo} Àqnq},_b`} }o }ebq l`} ob lo}u{o ao dn`{o {o}womqo{ mo} obhnholobq} ob nanwqnbq fnhn{nbqò ao }àmu{`qà eddo{qo ç fn Me{ào au ]ua oq ob oso{ènbq ao} w{o}}èb} webmquoffo}&

f`l`qnbq fo} n}w`{nqèb} ao moffo,m` ç aàtofewwo{ ubo mnwnm`qà nuqebelo" Ob >034Xn}c`bhqeb ekqòbq fn mebd`{lnqèb ao f‐nmme{a ao >080 oq fn f`l`qnqèb ç >; ub`qà} ao fnw{eaumqèb ao} l`}}`fo} Cpuble ; ob àmcnbho ao hn{nbqò} l`f`qn`{o} oq au {oaàwfeòlobqao l`}}`fo} Fnbmo" ]u{qeuq& ob nwwf`mnqèb a`{omqo ao fn B]AA,>8 oq au LQM[& fo}Nlà{`mn`b} ekqòbbobq ob >007 ~uo fn Me{ào au ]ua bo aàtofewwo wn} ao tomqou{} aowe{qào }uwà{òu{o ç >37 il © {ohn{afo}} ed `q} u}nho xcoqco{ `q `} de{ l`f`qn{p e{ mello{m`nf u}o e{ }mòbq`d`m {o}on{mc ¹ oq ekqòbbobq ub a{e`q a‐`b}womqèb }u{ fn

;3 Te`{ }u{ mo }ujoq Jnbbo O" Befnb& Q{nww`bh} ed Wexo{}: Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo} `b qco Qc`{a Xe{fa & K{eei`bh}@b}q`quqèb& >00>" Moqqo wo{mowqèb }o {oq{euto wn{naesnfolobq wn{l` fo} belk{ous nbnfp}qo} ~u` ebq q{ntn`ffà }u{fo {obde{molobq ao} be{lo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uo& fn wfuwn{q a‐obq{o ous `b}`}qnbq }u{ fo mn{nmqã{o

aà}qnk`f`}nqou{ ao} tomqou{} knf`}q`~uo}& au dn`q ao fou{ t`qo}}o& ao fou{ we{qào oq ao fn ~un}` `lwe}}`k`f`qà ao }‐obw{eqàho{" Te`{ wn{ osolwfo Ln{i ]l`qc& © Eb Qc`b @mo& D`{}q ]qow} de{ qco Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Meao ed Mebaumq ¹&

N{l} Mebq{ef Qeanp& ju`ffoq neùq ;77;"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O >;

w{eaumqèb ao} Cpuble ob àmcnbho a‐ubo {ow{`}o ao} meewà{nqèb} qomcbefeh`~uo} }u{ fo}w{eh{nllo} knf`}q`~uo};0"

_bo wef`q`~uo wfu} mebq{n`hbnbqo obme{o o}q nwwf`~uào ç f‐N{hobq`bo& fo} Àqnq},_b`}

ekqobnbq fo aàlnbqãfolobq ao fn ~un}`,qeqnf`qà ao} `bd{n}q{umqu{o} au w{eh{nllo Mebae{ ;oq fn {àde{lo au }p}qãlo ao mebq{ñfo nus oswe{qnqèb}=7" @f} `bc`kobq n`b}` au{nkfolobq fn{obn`}}nbmo au w{eh{nllo }wnq`nf n{hobq`b oq mebq{n`hbobq Kuobe} N`{o} ç }‐nf`hbo{ }u{fou{ wef`q`~uo ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb" Ob >00=& nfe{} ~uo f‐N{hobq`bo obq{o anb} fo LQM[& fo}Àqnq},_b`} nuqe{`}obq ç beutonu fo} q{nb}do{q} qomcbefeh`~uo} ntnbmà} ç wn{q`{ ao fou{qo{{`qe`{o=>"

Qeuqode`}& aã} }n l`}o ob wfnmo& f‐nwwf`mnqèb ao fn B]AA,87 #mello au LQM[ wn{ fn}u`qo) n }euddo{q a‐nlàbnholobq} ~u`& ao w{emco ob w{emco& mebau`}obq ç ubo {oaàd`b`qèbao fn be{lo ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uo" Fo} qobqnq`to} ao {nww{emcolobq obq{o fo}Àqnq},_b`} oq f‐@{ni ntnbq fo mebdf`q ao >00> ntnòbq n`b}` mebau`q f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb ç `hbe{o{

fo} belk{ous nto{q`}}olobq} }u{ fn anbho{e}`qà ao mo{qn`bo} oswe{qnqèb} to{} f‐@{ni oq foAàwn{qolobq a‐Àqnq ç {ojoqo{ © lnbp ed qco Mello{mo Aown{qlobq‐} ekjomqèb} qe }wom`d`moswe{q f`mob}o} ¹=;" Ob >00;& f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb Ku}c naewqo ao} }nbmqèb} mebq{o fn }em`àqàa‐n{lolobq }ua nd{`mn`bo N[L]ME[ nd`b a‐àqeuddo{ fo w{eh{nllo ao fnbmou{ }wnq`nfobqnlà wn{ W{oqe{`n ln`} àwn{hbo fo} }em`àqà} `}{nàfòbbo} weu{qnbq a`{omqolobq `lwf`~uào}anb} fo} q{nb}do{q} qomcbefeh`~uo} ntom f‐Nd{`~uo au ]ua" Anb} ubo feh`~uo q{ã} }`l`fn`{o çmoffo naewqào wfu} qn{a wn{ f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb Mf`bqeb& f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb Ku}c w{àqobaosolwqo{ @}{néf nd`b ao f‐`bm`qo{ ç {o}womqo{ fo LQM[& obhnholobq ~u` o}q a‐n`ffou{} w{`}wn{ Qof Nt`t ob >00; ln`} ~u` {o}qo febhqolw} f`kà{nfolobq `bqo{w{àqà" Ob oddoq& fn aàm`}èb

;0

A`b}cnx L`}q{p& Mebqn`b`bh L`}}`fo W{ef`do{nqèb: ]q{nqoh`m Qomcbefehp& ]omu{`qp [oh`lo}& nba @bqo{bnqèbnfMeewo{nqèb `b N{l} Mebq{ef& _b`to{}`qp ed Xn}c`bhqeb W{o}}& >? ln{} ;77?"=7 Fn qo{l`bn`}eb au w{eh{nllo Mebae{ n a‐n`ffou{} àqà meb}àà{ào mello f‐ub ao} wfu} h{nba }ummã} ao fnwef`q`~uo ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb oso{mào anb} fo mna{o au LQM[& au dn`q ao fn ~unf`qà au l`}}`fo ln`} àhnfolobq aofn bnqu{o ao} q{nb}do{q} `bau}q{òf} ewà{à} to{} f‐Ohpwqo oq f‐@{ni& fo} `bd{n}q{umqu{o} tobauo} àqnbq àobq`~uo} çmoffo} meb}q{u`qo} ob N{hobq`bo" Te`{ [eko{q Xnfwefo& De{o`hb L`}}`fo Aotofewlobq} nba qco Knff`}q`m L`}}`foQc{onq qe qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} Qc{euhc ;7>?& Qo}q`lebp kode{o qco ]obnqo De{o`hb [ofnqèb} Mell`qqoo& >000#cqqw:%%xxx"dn}"e{h%}ww%}qn{xn{}%mebh{o}}%>000Uc%}>74,==0,3"cql) oq Bumfon{ Qc{onq @b`q`nq`to #mc{ebefehò auw{eh{nllo Mebae{ , cqqw:%%xxx"bq`"e{h%oU{o}on{mc%w{ed`fo}%N{hobq`bn%L`}}`fo%mc{ebefehpU;777,;77?"cqlf)"=> Bnqcnbòf M" Bn}c& © N{hobq`bn ]`hb} Qomcbefehp Wnmq ¹& Box Pe{i Q`lo}& >= dàt{ò{ >00=& w" 1"=; M"C" Dn{b}xe{qc& © L`f`qn{p Oswe{q} qe @{n~ melo ubao{ ]m{uq`bp ¹& Box Pe{i Q`lo& ;? ju`b >00>" Mo}q{nb}do{q} ebq beqnllobq we{qà }u{ ao} }p}qãlo} `bde{lnq`~uo} ntnbmà} oswfe`qà} anb} fn {omco{mco bumfàn`{o oq

knf`}q`~uo : © Le}q `} ibexb nkeuq _"]" c`hc,qomc oswe{q} qe @{n~& nfqceuhc qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} xn} keqqel eb qcof`}q ed @{n~(} Xo}qo{b }uwwfò{} #n }`qunqèb }oq qe mcnbho cna @{n~ beq `btnaoa Iuxn`q)" Qc`} `} komnu}o `bqob}o

w{o}}u{o d{el qco w{o}} nba Mebh{o}} de{moa qco _"]" heto{blobq qe {ofon}o aoqn`foa f`}q} ed oswe{q f`mob}o}{o~uo}q} de{ @{n~" Nb nbnfp}`} ed Aown{qlobq ed Mello{mo {ome{a} }cex} qcnq `b qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} nfebo& @{n~{omo`toa n qeqnf ed =?1 oswe{q f`mob}o} de{ melwuqo{} nba natnbmoa }mòbq`d`m nbnfp}`} o~u`wlobq d{el Lnp >03?qc{euhc Nuhu}q >007& xe{qc n qeqnf ed !>>=&847&8>1" Ed qco}o f`mob}o}& nq fon}q >?8& xe{qc !?8&80;&;8?& xo{o de{ natnbmoa melwuq`bh }p}qol}" Qco le}q xàofp }off`bh `qol xo{o TNS lnmc`bo} d{el A`h`qnf O~u`wlobq Me{w"Eqco{ d{o~uobqfp }efa `qol} `bmfuaoa c`hc,}wooa e}m`ffe}mewo}& {naè,}womq{ul nbnfpzo{}& `bqoh{nqoa m`{mu`q}& hn}mc{elnqeh{nwcp o~u`wlobq& }womq{ewceqeloqo{}& nba n xào {nbho ed ofomq{eb`m} lnbudnmqu{`bh nba qo}q o~u`wlobq" Nff xo{o u}oa `b @{n~` xonweb} wfnbq}& lnbp `b qco lnbudnmqu{o ed knff`}q`m l`}}`fo} nba `b bumfon{ xonweb} {o}on{mc nba aotofewlobq" Qpw`mnf wu{mcn}o{} xo{o qco @{n~` L`b`}q{p ed @bau}q{p& qco L`b`}q{p ed

Aodob}o& nba xonweb} o}qnkf`}clobq} `bmfua`bh ]nna& Cuqoob& Kna{& nba Bn}}{ ¹" Fn H{nbao,K{oqnhbo nàhnfolobq naewqà ubo nqq`quao nlk`hué& beqnllobq anb} fo} oswe{qnqèb} ao lnmc`bo} euq`f}& }eul`}o} ç ao}

{o}q{`mqèb} }u{ fo} oswe{qnqèb} oq weu{ fo}~uoffo} fo Aàwn{qolobq au mello{mo b‐n wn} dn`q ao aàmfn{nqèb}oscnu}q`to}" Te`{ Iobboqc [" Q`llo{lnb& @{n~ [oku`fa} @q} L`f`qn{p @bau}q{ò}& Qco @{nb K{òd& ;0 ju`b >00= oq

Oswe{q} qe @{n~: L`buqo} ed Otàobmo& Ceu}o ed Melleb}& Q{nao nba @bau}q{p Mell`qqoo& ;4 betolk{o >00>"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O >=

`}{nàfòbbo o}q ntnbq qeuq meba`qèbbào wn{ fo} os`hobmo} ao Xn}c`bhqeb& ~u` {o~uò{q ub{o}womq au [àh`lo anb} fo mna{o ao fn weu{}u`qo ao meewà{nqèb} a‐`bqà{êq }q{nqàh`~uo weu{@}{néf #anb} mo mn} w{àm`} fo d`bnbmolobq au w{eh{nllo N{{ex) oq beb wn{ ubo nacà}èb}`bmã{o ao fn wn{q ao} nuqe{`qà} oq ao} `bau}q{ò} nus be{lo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb

knf`}q`~uo}" Fo} w{o}}èb} {à`qà{ào} ao Àqnq},_b`} weu{ de{mo{ @}{néf ç {àde{lo{ }eb {àh`lobnqèbnf ao mebq{ñfo ao} oswe{qnqèb}& ~u` mufl`bobq nu l`fòu ao} nbbào} ;777& }u`qo nusàmcnbho} {à`qà{à} ntom fn Mc`bo oq f‐@bao #beqnllobq }u{ fo} _NT ln`} nu}}` }u`qo nusqobqnq`to} ao q{nb}do{q ao qomcbefehò N{{ex)== `ffu}q{obq a‐n`ffou{} fo} a`to{hobmo} aowo{mowqèb} lnjou{o} ~u` }àwn{obq fo} aous nff`à} }u{ fo mcnlw a‐nwwf`mnqèb au {àh`lo"Nu,aofç ao f‐osolwfo `}{nàfòb mowobanbq& mo} nlàbnholobq} nbbebmobq ubo àtefuqèb`bàfumqnkfo& f‐nwwf`mnqèb ao fn be{lo ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb aotnbq bàmo}}n`{olobq }‐nanwqo{aã} fe{} ~u‐offo w{oba ob melwqo ao} Àqnq} a`}we}nbq aàjç a‐ubo mnwnm`qà qomcb`~uol`b`lnfo"

Fn d`b ao fn Huo{{o d{eào ln{~uo ob oddoq f‐n{{`tào }u{ fo ln{mcà `bqo{bnqèbnf a‐nmqou{}

beb mebq{n`bq} wn{ fo LQM[ ln`} aà}e{ln`} nmmo}}`kfo} ç }n feh`~uo #wfu} wn{q`muf`ã{olobqfn [u}}ò) eu& ç f‐`bto{}o& }u}mowq`kfo} ao wo{loqq{o ç ao} Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq} }eul`} ç ao}}nbmqèb} nlà{`mn`bo} a‐p àmcnwwo{ #[u}}ò ç beutonu& Mc`bo)" Fn w{`}o ob melwqo ao mo}nmqou{} n`b}` ~uo fn wo{mowqèb ao wfu} ob wfu} n`hué ao} {`}~uo} ao wo{qo} ao wn{q} aoln{mcà au dn`q a‐ubo `bqo{w{àqnqèb q{ew }q{`mqo au {àh`lo mebau`}obq fo} Àqnq},_b`} #oqa‐nuq{o}) ç lea`dò{ fou{ wo{mowqèb au {ñfo ao mofu`,m`" Aã} >00=& f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb Mf`bqebnbbebmo ubo lea`d`mnqèb }uk}qnbqòffo ao fn wef`q`~uo a‐oswe{qnqèb nlà{`mn`bo ao}q`bào çmelk`bo{ ubo wfu} h{nbao }euwfo}}o anb} f‐oswe{qnqèb ao} à~u`wolobq} oq }o{t`mo} aoaàdob}o ç ao} mebq{ñfo} wfu} m`kfà} }u{ fo} qomcbefehò} oq © qe }q{obhqcob _"]" omebel`mh{exqc& aolem{nq`znqèb nk{ena nba `bqo{bnqèbnf }qnk`f`qp& xo nmq`tofp }ooi oswnbaoa q{nao nba qomcbefehp osmcnbho x`qc bnqèb}& `bmfua`bh de{lo{ nato{}n{ò} qcnq nkào kphfeknf beb,w{ef`do{nqèb be{l} ¹=1" Anb} fo aeln`bo ao fn w{ef`dà{nqèb ao} l`}}`fo}& moqqo{àe{òbqnqèb `lwf`~uo ubo osqob}èb w{eh{o}}`to oq lo}u{ào au LQM[ nd`b a‐p `bqàh{o{ fo}Àqnq} wn{qnhonbq fn lêlo mebmowqèb ao fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb oq ~u` {obebmobq ç fou{}w{eh{nllo} l`f`qn`{o}" F‐el`}}èb wn{qòffo ao} qomcbefehò} }wnq`nfo}=? ln{~uo ubo{àe{òbqnqèb ~u` wo{loq aà}e{ln`} a‐`b}q{ulobqnf`}o{ fo LQM[ weu{ `bm`qo{ ao} Àqnq}mello f‐N{hobq`bo eu fo K{à}`f ç p nacà{o{=4" Aã} fe{} fo {àh`lo o}q mebèu wn{f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb nlà{`mn`bo mello ub {àh`lo a‐osmfu}èb oq a‐`bqàh{nqèb& t`}nbq ç osmfu{ofo} w{ef`dà{nbq} oq ç mebq{ñfo{ fo} nuq{o} Àqnq}& wn{ fn melk`bn`}eb ao lo}u{o} `bm`qnq`to} oqmeo{m`q`to}=8" Moqqo feh`~uo w{à}ào ç f‐nal`}}èb ao fn [u}}ò oq nus wef`q`~uo} ao

== Antà [uwwo& © @ba`n: Xn}c`bhqeb Meb}ào{} Nffex`bh Q{nb}do{ ed N{{ex @bqo{mowqe{ ¹& Hfeknf ]omu{`qp Box}x`{o& =7 ju`ffoq ;77;"=1 Aodob}o Q{nao Box} nba Oswe{q Wef`mp Kuffoq`b& _"]" ]qnqo Aown{qlobq& Ku{onu ed Wef`q`mnf,L`f`qn{p Nddn`{}&tef" >& b· ?& jnbtò{ >001"=? Fn we}`qèb nlà{`mn`bo o}q ao bo wn} obmeu{nho{ fo} w{eh{nllo} àmebel`~uolobq beb t`nkfo} oq ao f`l`qo{ fo}q{nb}do{q} nus Àqnq} lolk{o}" Te`{ Xc`qo Ceu}o& Edd`mo ed qco W{o}} }om{oqn{p& Xn}c`bhqeb AM& ;8 }owqolk{o>00=& a`}web`kfo anb} Aodob}o Q{nao Box} nba Oswe{q Wef`mp Kuffoq`b& ew"m`q"=4 F‐N{hobq`bo nacã{o ob >00= oq fo K{à}`f ob >00?" F‐nal`}}èb au K{à}`f o}q meba`qèbbào ç f‐nknbaeb ao }o}nmq`t`qà} knf`}q`~uo} ln`} wn} ç mofu` ao }o} nmq`t`qà} }wnq`nfo}"=8 X" ^" Kexob& ew" m`q" Beqo{ bànble`b} ~uo ao} nww{emco} `bm`qnq`to} ç f‐àhn{a ao fn Mc`bo }ebq aàjç q{ã}w{à}obqo} nu }o`b ao f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb Ku}c& ~u` }‐ewwe}o ç aous {ow{`}o} nus aolnbao} a‐nk{ehnqèb ao fn mfnu}o

ao fn bnqèb fn wfu} dnte{`}ào dn`qo wn{ fn Mcnlk{o ao} [ow{à}obqnbq}& ~u` `bte~uo #obq{o nuq{o}) fo} nmq`t`qà}w{ef`dà{nbqo} ao fn Mc`bo" Nfe{} ~uo f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb n naewqà ub q{n`b ao }nbmqèb mebq{o H{onq Xnff @bau}q{pMe{we{nqèb oq fn MWL@OM& offo ju}q`dò }eb {odu} a‐naewqo{ ao} lo}u{o} wfu} mebq{n`hbnbqo} wn{ fn bàmo}}`qà ao






meewà{nqèb ntom fn Mc`bo& fo}~uoffo} tebq wu`}}nllobq mebq{`kuo{ ç nddn`kf`{ fo [àh`loln`} àhnfolobq& wn{naesnfolobq& ç fu` wo{loqq{o a‐oso{mo{ ubo `bdfuobmo aàqo{l`bnbqo }u{mo} wnp}"

Fn w{`}o ob meb}àà{nqèb ao fn [u}}ò oq ao fn Mc`bo : ubo àtefuqèb lnjou{o au {ñfo au LQM[

N wn{q`{ ao >00=& fo LQM[ qoba aebm ç aotob`{ ub `b}q{ulobq qomcb`me,wef`q`~uo&f‐nf`hbolobq }u{ }o} be{lo} oq }u{ fo} obhnholobq} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb ~u` }‐p nqqnmcobq`bau`}nbq ubo mo{qn`bo f`kà{nf`}nqèb ao} àmcnbho} qomcbefeh`~uo}" Mo{qn`b} ebq tu anb}moqqo àtefuqèb ubo nqqàbunqèb ao }eb weqobqòf ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb& f‐nacà}èb& te`{o fn}`lwfo ek}o{tnqèb ao }o} {ãhfo} dnte{`}nbq fn a`ddu}èb ao} qomcbefehò} aunfo} oq fo {`}~uoao mello{mo w{ef`dà{nbq=3" @f o}q mowobanbq w{eknkfo ~uo mo b‐o}q wn} qnbq fn a`ddu}èb ao}qomcbefehò} obq{o fo} lolk{o} ~uo f‐`bmfu}èb ao lolk{o} }u{ fo}~uof} ao} w{o}}èb} bowoutobq êq{o oso{mào} ao qoffo lnb`ã{o ~u‐`f} }eòbq mebq{n`bq} a‐ob {o}womqo{ fo} {ãhfo} ~uò}q ç fn }eu{mo ao fn lea`d`mnqèb w{edebao ao fn bnqu{o au {àh`lo oq ao f‐nqqàbunqèb ao }nwe{qào"

Wn{nffãfolobq ç f‐nacà}èb au K{à}`f& ~u` te`q f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb {obebmo{ nu w{`bm`wo a‐ubnknbaeb w{ànfnkfo ao} w{eh{nllo} }wnq`nus weu{ nuqe{`}o{ f‐nal`}}èb nu }o`b au {àh`looq bo wfu} meba`qèbbo{ moffo,m` ~u‐ç f‐nknbaeb ao} w{eh{nllo} knf`}q`~uo} oq nu {o}womqao} obhnholobq} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb& ubo bàhem`nqèb wn{nffãfo }o weu{}u`q ntom fn [u}}òweu{ qobqo{ ao fn mebtn`bm{o a‐nacà{o{ nus be{lo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb emmàobqnfo}"F‐`bqàh{nqèb ao fn [u}}ò anb} fo LQM[ {ow{à}obqo ub oso{m`mo nuq{olobq wfu} melwfoso~uo moffo au K{à}`f eu ao f‐N{hobq`bo& o}}obqòffolobq wn{mo ~u‐`f }‐nh`q a‐ubo wu`}}nbmoknf`}q`~uo oq }wnq`nfo a`}we}nbq a‐ub }nte`{,dn`{o w{ew{o oq a‐ub ln{mcà oswe{qwn{q`muf`ã{olobq aàtofewwà" Fn ln`bqob`{ ç f‐àmn{q au {àh`lo {otòbq ç f‐obmeu{nho{ çaàtofewwo{ mo} ln{mcà} nfe{} ~uo f‐p naloqq{o wo{loq a‐obt`}nho{ ubo l`}o nus be{lo}wfu} {nwào ao }n wef`q`~uo a‐oswe{qnqèb& n}}em`ào `f o}q t{n` nu {`}~uo ao te`{ fo LQM[ }oaàbnqu{o{" Obmeu{nhà} wn{ fo} Ou{ewàob}& fo} Àqnq},_b`} mce`}`}}obq a‐naewqo{ ntom fn[u}}ò ubo nww{emco a`ddà{obqo ao moffo {oqobuo weu{ fn Mc`bo oq& wn{ ub w{emo}}u} ao}nbmqèb} oq a‐`bm`qnqèb}& ao f‐p `bmfu{o"

Fo w{emo}}u} a‐nacà}èb ao fn [u}}ò dn`q }u`qo ç fn w{`}o ao }nbmqèb} nlà{`mn`bo} mebq{oHfntie}le} #~u` mello{m`nf`}o nfe{} fn qomcbefehò }wnq`nfo {u}}o) anb} fo mna{o a‐ubnmme{a ao meewà{nqèb wn}}à ntom f‐@][E # @ba`nb ]wnmo [o}on{mc E{hnb`}nqèb) ob >00>&we{qnbq }u{ fn deu{b`qu{o ao leqou{} m{pehàb`~uo} weu{ fo H]FT #Hoe}pbmc{ebeu} ]nqoff`qo

Fnubmc Toc`mfo) `baòb& ln`} àhnfolobq ao} qomcbefehò} oq ao} oswo{q`}o} n}}em`ào}"Melk`bnbq }nbmqèb} oq w{ewe}`qèb} a‐euto{qu{o au ln{mcà }wnq`nf nlà{`mn`b ob àmcnbhoa‐ubo nacà}èb nus w{`bm`wo} au LQM[& fo} Àqnq},_b`} mebmfuobq ob >00= ub w{olò{nmme{a f`l`qnbq fo} meewà{nqèb} weqobqòffolobq w{ef`dà{nbqo} ao fn [u}}ò #nmme{a He{oQmco{belp{a`bo ao }owqolk{o >00=) ~u` w{àfuao ç f‐nacà}èb ao fn [u}}ò nu {àh`lo ob>00?" N" Wìnpot }euf`hbo ~uo fn melk`bn`}eb ao lnbŝut{o} meo{m`q`to} oq `bm`qnq`to}naewqào} anb} fo mna{o ao f‐nddn`{o Hfntie}le},@][E {ow{à}obqo f‐àfàlobq fo wfu}

ln`bqob`{ ubo wef`q`~uo a‐obhnholobq nmq`d weu{ mebau`{o fn Mc`bo ç ub melwe{qolobq wfu} {o}web}nkfo oq m`qo çq`q{o a‐osolwfo fo {nww{emcolobq ao fn Mc`bo wn{ {nwwe{q nu LQM[" Te`{ wfu} hàbà{nfolobq Xpb ^" Kexob&

Qco Wef`q`m} ed Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Bebw{ef`do{nqèb& ]q Ln{q`b‐} W{o}}& ;777"=3 K{`nb H" Mcex& Olo{h`bh Bnqèbnf ]wnmo Fnubmc W{eh{nl}: Omebel`m} nba ]ndohun{a}& [nba Me{we{nqèb&>00="





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O >?

aàqo{l`bnbq anb} fn aàm`}èb ao fn [u}}ò ao {àde{lo{ }eb }p}qãlo a‐oswe{qnqèb=0" Mo}{ode{lo} ebq mowobanbq àqà `b}udd`}nbqo} weu{ w{àtob`{& ç meu{q qo{lo& fo} melwe{qolobq}w{ef`dà{nbq} ao} `bau}q{ò} oq nal`b`}q{nqèb} {u}}o}" ]` fn melwfos`qà au }p}qãlo aomebq{ñfo oq f‐oddeba{olobq ao} {ofn`} ao mebq{ñfo nu }o`b ao} nal`b`}q{nqèb nu meu{} ao}

nbbào} >007 oswf`~uobq moq àmcom& f‐nk}obmo ao kàbàd`mo} `llàa`nqolobq qnbh`kfo} nw{ã}f‐nmmo}}èb nu LQM[ {ow{à}obqo àhnfolobq ub àfàlobq oswf`mnq`d lnjou{" Fn }oufoeuto{qu{o au ln{mcà }wnq`nf nlà{`mn`b #oq ou{ewàob) bo weutn`q ob oddoq melwob}o{ fo{obebmolobq nus ln{mcà} nfe{} meuto{q} wn{ fn [u}}ò& nuqnbq ob qo{lo} wef`q`~uo} ~uod`bnbmò{}& `bau`}nbq fo ln`bqòb a‐oswe{qnqèb} aà}e{ln`} aàd`bò} mello w{ef`dà{nbqo}"F‐nal`}}èb nu }o`b au [àh`lo a‐ub Àqnq qof ~uo fn [u}}ò w{à}obqo aebm ao belk{ou}o}a`dd`mufqà}& wu`}~u‐offo bo wo{loq wn} ao loqq{o ob ŝut{o ao }nbmqèb} {àoffolobq odd`mnmo}” fo} `bau}q{ò} femnfo} b‐àqnbq wn} aàwobanbqo} ao} qomcbefehò} ao} Àqnq} lolk{o} ” wn}wfu} ~u‐offo bo wo{loq ao melwob}o{ fn a`}wn{`qèb ao} nbmòb} ln{mcà} wn{ f‐euto{qu{o aobeutonus ln{mcà} aebq fo} nwwe{q} d`bnbmò{} oq wef`q`~uo }o{nòbq nu le`b} à~u`tnfobq}"Aã} fe{} ~uo mo qpwo a‐Àqnq }‐obhnho ç {o}womqo{ fo LQM[ oq ekqòbq f‐nacà}èb& `f kàbàd`mòao} ntnbqnho} ~u` p }ebq f`à} #euto{qu{o ao} ln{mcà} }wnq`nus oq dnm`f`qnqèb ao} àmcnbho}qomcbefeh`~uo}) nfe{} ~uo& au dn`q lêlo ao f‐nacà}èb& fo} lepob} ao w{o}}èb} weutnbq}‐oso{mo{ ç }eb obmebq{o a`l`buobq qobanbmòffolobq oq f`l`qobq f‐`bqà{êq a‐ubo nwwf`mnqèb}q{`mqo ao} obhnholobq} w{`}"

Anb} mo }ob}& ob naloqqnbq ob }eb }o`b ao} Àqnq} weqobqòffolobq w{ef`dà{nbq}& fo [àh`lo }ow{`to ao qeuq `b}q{ulobq a‐`bdfuobmo aàqo{l`bnbq17& }nb} numubo hn{nbqò ~uo fn be{lo aobeb,w{ef`dà{nqèb }o{n wfo`bolobq nwwf`~uào" F‐nffàholobq ao} {o}q{`mqèb} }u{ fo}`lwe{qnqèb} oq fo} oswe{qnqèb} mello fn hn{nbqò a‐ub nmmã} nu ln{mcà `bqo{bnqèbnff`l`qobq làmnb`~uolobq fo} `bm`qnqèb} ~uo fo} nal`b`}q{nqèb} ebq ç }o {àde{lo{ oq çnwwf`~uo{ fo} beutoffo} {ãhfo}& hàbà{nbq ao} d{`mqèb} ntom fo} nuq{o} Àqnq} lolk{o} oq ubot`mq`l`}nqèb ao f‐Àqnq m`kfà" Qof n àqà fo mn} weu{ fn [u}}ò eð fn wo{mowqèb au LQM[ wn{fo} nal`b`}q{nqèb} ob mcn{ho ao} oswe{qnqèb} mello wn{ fo} `bau}q{òf} o}q {o}qào weu{ fole`b} nlk`hué" Fo} a`ddà{obqo} }nbmqèb} w{`}o} wn{ fo} Àqnq},_b`} mebq{o fo} obq{ow{`}o}{u}}o} nu meu{} ao} nbbào} >007 p ebq {obde{mà f‐àào a‐ub {àh`lo a`}m{`l`bnqe`{o ao}q`bà çàf`l`bo{ fn [u}}ò ao }o} ln{mcà} oq beb mello fn meb}à~uobmo a‐ub beb {o}womq ao}obhnholobq} w{`}" Wn{ n`ffou{}& weu{ ao belk{ous {o}web}nkfo} nal`b`}q{nq`d} oq `bau}q{òf}&fo} oswe{qnqèb} ao cnuqo qomcbefehò ebq w{`là }u{ qeuqo àào ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb& nuqnbqweu{ ao} ~uo}qèb} ao w{o}q`ho ~uo weu{ ao} {n`}eb} wfu} }q{`mqolobq àmebel`~uo}1>"

Fo} {à}ufqnq} }ebq mowobanbq wfu} we}`q`d} ~u‐`f} b‐p wn{n`}}obq" Mn{ }` mo{qn`bo} obq{ow{`}o}{u}}o} }ebq }euwèebbào} a‐nte`{ nf`lobqà fo} w{eh{nllo} `{nbòb}& ntom fo }euqòbwe}}`kfo a‐ubo wn{qò ao f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb oq kòb nw{ã} f‐nacà}èb ao fn [u}}ò& oq ebq

=0 N" Wìnpot `b}`}qo }u{ fo} oddoq} we}`q`d} ao} lo}u{o} `bm`qnq`to} anb} fo mna{o ao} {nwwe{q ao de{mo} obq{o fo}e{hnbo} ob mcn{ho ao} oswe{qnqèb} oq ao fou{} }euqòb} wef`q`~uo} : © Le{o k{enafp& qco mello{m`nfewwe{qub`qò} qco Mf`bqeb nal`b`}q{nqèb m{onqoa de{ qco [u}}`nb }wnmo `bau}q{p meb}ào{nkfp nfqo{oa qco knfnbmoed wexo{ x`qc`b qco qew Le}mex ku{onum{nmp" Ao}w`qo hobo{nffp bohnq`to aelo}q`m doof`bh qexn{a} du{qco{ {nww{emcolobq x`qc qco Xo}q `b >00= nba >001& qco w{e}womq ed d`bnbm`nf kobod`q} d{el duqu{o _],[u}}`nb }wnmomeewo{nqèb cofwoa qe meb}efànqo qco we}`qèb} ed qce}o aom`}èb,lnio{} `b dnteu{ ed nmmowq`bh qco {o}q{`mqèb}`lwe}oa kp qco `bqo{bnqèbnf l`}}`fo bebw{ef`do{nqèb {oh`lo ¹& Nfosnbao{ Wìnpot oq nf"& © Ndqo{lnqc& `b [u}`n&Qco _"]" nba qco L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Mebq{ef [oh`lo ¹& Naofwc` Wnwo{}& tef" =3& be =>8& >003& ww" 4>,43"17 Te`{ }u{ moqqo nww{emco Cob{p ]eief}i`& Nlo{`mn‐} Mnlwn`hb nhn`b}q ]q{nqoh`m Xonweb} W{ef`do{nqèb&

W{noho{& Feba{o}& ;77>"1> N" Wìnpot& ew" m`q" Te`{ àhnfolobq T`mqe{ L`z`b& © Qco Otefuqèb ed qco [u}}`nb Nww{enmc qe qco LQM[: qco

oba ed n mcnwqo{5 ¹& Jeu{bnf ed L`f`qn{p nba ]q{nqoh`m ]quaò}& tef" 3& b·>& ;77?"






wn{de`} àqà w{`}o} ob dfnh{nbq aàf`q ao tèfnqèb anb} mo{qn`b} q{nb}do{q} ç ao}q`bnqèb aof‐@{ni1;& `f b‐o}q weu{qnbq wn} ç osmfu{o ~uo fo} {`}~uo} fo} wfu} `lwe{qnbq} nòbq àqà juhufà}"N`b}`& ob aàw`q a‐nffàhnqèb} a‐`lwe{qnqèb} ao qomcbefehò} ao ]],1 oq ]],? #leqou{} [A,;>1%[A,;>4& wfu} nanwqà} ç fn w{eaumqèb ao L[KL oq w{àqobaulobq n}}em`ào} nu

aàtofewwolobq au ]cncnk,1%?)1=& f‐@{nb bo }olkfo wn} nte`{ ekqobu ao {à}ufqnq} w{eknbq}anb} }o} qobqnq`to} ao }e{qò ao fn d`f`ã{o ]mua%Be Aebh" Fo} a`ddà{obqo} àtnfunqèb}{ànf`}ào} wn{ fo} nhobmo} ao {ob}o`hbolobq nlà{`mn`bo} }u{ f‐nmcãtolobq ao} w{eh{nllo}]cncnk,= oq ]cncnk,1 nuqeu{ ao mo qpwo ao qomcbefehò }o }ebq& {àq{e}womq`tolobq& ntà{ào}osnhà{ào}11& fn`}}nbq }uwwe}o{ ~uo }` ao} q{nb}do{q} ebq ou fòu& fou{ nlwfou{ b‐o}q ob {òbmelwn{nkfo ntom ao} mn} nbqà{òu{} #w{ef`dà{nqèb au ku{onu a‐àquao Lnioòt to{} fn Me{àoau Be{a wn{ osolwfo)1?"

Qeuqode`}& }` fn [u}}ò nwwf`~uo fo} be{lo} hàbà{nfo} au LQM[ ntom ubo wfu} h{nbao{`huou{ aowu`} fn aàmobbò ;777& fo} {oqelkào} àmebel`~uo} a‐ubo nwwf`mnqèb melwfãqoebq àqà q{ã} `b}udd`}nbqo} weu{ fn mebtn`bm{o ao {otob`{ }u{ ao} tèfnqèb} àtàobqo} ln`} bo

qelknbq wn} anb} fo mcnlw ao} q{nb}do{q} ao mnqàhe{ò @14" F‐`bmnwnm`qà ao} Àqnq},_b`} çw{àtob`{ fo} meewà{nqèb} }u{ fo K{ncLe} qoba ç }euqob`{ moqqo mebmfu}èb" Ao mo we`bq aotuo& f‐`bmfu}èb nu }o`b au LQM[ ao wu`}}nbmo} knf`}q`~uo} nuqebelo}& a`}we}nbq ao fou{w{ew{o }nte`{ dn`{o `bau}q{òf oq ao ln{mcà} bo wo{loq wn} a‐obt`}nho{ ao juhufo{ mo}melwe{qolobq} ç k{ãto àmcànbmo& dnuqo a‐`bm`qnqèb} àmebel`~uo} }udd`}nbqo} ç fo dn`{o"

Fn }efuqèb naewqào anb} fo mn} ao fn Mc`bo o}q,offo lo`ffou{o 5 Wfuqñq ~uo a‐`bqàh{o{ fnMc`bo nu LQM[& fo} Àqnq},_b`}& wn{ ub w{emo}}u} ao }nbmqèb} oq ao fotào ao }nbmqèb}t`}nbq fo} nmnaàlò} oq fo} obq{ow{`}o} `lwf`~uào} anb} ao} q{nb}do{q} ao kòb} eu aoqomcbefehò} knf`}q`~uo}& ln`} nu}}` wn{ f‐naewqèb ao lo}u{o} `bm`qnq`to} wfu} hfeknfo}#àfn{h`}}olobq} ao} q{nb}do{q} ao qomcbefehò} aunfo})& ebq mebau`q Wài`b ç f`l`qo{ }o}

q{nb}do{q} w{ef`dà{nbq} oq ç nanwqo{ }n fàh`}fnqèb weu{ ~u‐offo }o {nww{emco ao} be{lo}emmàobqnfo}" Wnufn ao ]nuqo{ #N}}`}qnbq ]om{oqn{p de{ To{`d`mnqèb nba Melwf`nbmo&Aàwn{qolobq a‐Àqnq) aàm{`q moqqo {ofnqèb ao fn dnèeb }u`tnbqo : © Mc`bn lnao `q} d`{}q l`}}`fo bebw{ef`do{nqèb mell`qlobq qe qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} `b Ln{mc >00;" Qc`} mell`qlobq xn} qco a`{omq {o}ufq ed qco _b`qoa ]qnqo}( `lwe}`qèb ed }nbmqèb} `b Jubo >00> eb qxeMc`bo}o obq`qò} ” qco Mc`bn H{onq Xnff @bau}q{p Me{we{nqèb #MHX@M) nba qco Mc`bnW{om`}èb Lnmc`bo{p @lwe{q,Oswe{q Me{we{nqèb #MWL@OM) ” `b mebbomqèb x`qc qco }nfoed L,>> l`}}`fo} qe Wni`}qnb" @b {oqu{b de{ qco _"]" oba`bh }nbmqèb} eb qco}o qxe obq`qò}&Mc`bn w{etàoa n x{`qqob mell`qlobq `b Ln{mc >00; qe qcob,]om{oqn{p ed ]qnqo Knio{ qcnq

1; Tobqo ao hp{e}mewo} wn{ fo [o}on{mc nba Qo}q`bh @b}q`quqo ed Mcol`mnf nba Ku`fa`bh Lnmc`bo} #B@@Ic]L) aoLe}meu w{àfotà} }u{ ao} ]FKL #eu }u{ ao} ]],>3 }ofeb a‐nuq{o} }eu{mo}) ob nqqobqo ao aàlnbqãfolobq" Te`{Tfna`l`{ E{fet& © Box Aoqn`f} ed +Qco Hp{e}mewo Aonf+ @bto}q`hnqèb: Le{o qcnb 377 L`}}`fo Melwebobq}Xo{o Q{nb}do{{oa D{el ]o{hòt We}na& Le}mex [ohèb& qe qco Làafo On}q ¹ W@[ N{l} Mebq{ef Foqqo{}& W@[Mobqo{ & nt{`f >003 oq T`mqe{ L`z`b& ew m`q"1= [ek`b X{`hcq& © [u}}`n Xn{boa eb Cofw`bh @{nb L`}}`fo W{eh{nl ¹& Fe} Nbhofo} Q`lo}& >; dàt{ò{ >008 9]qun{q A" Hefalnb oq nf"& [u}}`nb L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp nbaBumfon{ [onmqe{ Q{nb}do{} qe @{nb #Mebh{o}}èbnf[o}on{mc ]o{t`mo& aàmolk{o >1& >003)"11 Mo} ao{b`ã{o} }ebq {à}ulào} anb} ]qun{q A" Hefalnb oq nf"& [u}}`nb L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp nba Bumfon{ [onmqe{ Q{nb}do{} qe @{nb& ew" m`q"1? Te`{ }u{ fo mn} Lnioòt Anbòf N" W`bi}qeb& Qco Be{qc Ie{onb Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo W{eh{nl& ]q{nqoh`m ]quaò}

@b}q`quqo& dàt{ò{ ;773"14 T`mqe{ L`z`b& © Qco Otefuqèb ed Qco [u}}`nb Nww{enmc qe qco LQM[: Qco Oba ed n Mcnwqo{5 ¹& Jeu{bnf ed L`f`qn{p nba ]q{nqoh`m ]quaò}& tef" 3& be >& nuqelbo ;77?"






`q xeufa nkào kp qco e{`h`bnf +huàof`bo} nba wn{nloqo{}+ ed qco L`}}`fo QomcbefehpMebq{ef [oh`lo& xc`mc qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} wukf`mfp }qnqoa xo{o `baooa nwwf`mnkfo qe keqc qco

L,0 #M]],4) nba L,>> #M]],8) l`}}`fo}" Ao}w`qo qc`} mell`qlobq& Mc`bo}o obq`qò}q{nb}do{{oa L,>> l`}}`fo} qe Wni`}qnb" @b {o}web}o qe _"]" melwfn`bq}& Mc`bn `ba`mnqoa qcnq

qco L,>> l`}}`fo xn} beq meto{oa kp qco LQM[ nba qcnq `q xn} }q`ff duffp naco{`bh qe `q}>00; wfoaho" @b >00=& qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} `lwe}oa }nbmqèb} eb qco Mc`bo}o L`b`}q{p ed

No{e}wnmo @bau}q{p& MWL@OM& nba qco Wni`}qnb` L`b`}q{p ed Aodob}o de{ qco`{ {efo} `b qcoq{nb}do{" @b {oqu{b de{ qco f`dq`bh ed qco}o >00= }nbmqèb}& Mc`bn nh{ooa `b Emqeko{ >001 ”`b n Je`bq ]qnqolobq x`qc qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} ” qcnq `q xeufa beq q{nb}do{ h{euba,qe,h{euba l`}}`fo} +`bco{obqfp mnwnkfo ed {onmc`bh n {nbho ed nq fon}q =77 il x`qc n wnpfena ed nq fon}q ?77 i`feh{nl}"+ Boto{qcofo}}& `b qco pon{} deffex`bh qc`} >001 mell`qlobq& Mc`bo}oobq`qò} mebq`buoa qco`{ l`}}`fo,{ofnqoa }nfo} qe Wni`}qnb nba w{etàoa }`hb`d`mnbq n}}`}qnbmo qe @{nb nba ]p{`n `b mebq{ntobqèb ed qco`{ mell`qlobq} qe qco _b`qoa ]qnqo}"Mc`bn aomfn{oa `b Emqeko{ >004 qcnq `q} w{otèu} nh{oolobq} aà beq meto{ `qol}mebqn`boa eb qco LQM[ Nbbos" Deffex`bh naa`qèbnf boheq`nqèb}& `b Jubo >003& Mc`bn `bn Je`bq ]qnqolobq {ondd`{loa qcnq `q} wef`mp xn} +qe w{otobq qco oswe{q ed o~u`wlobq&lnqo{`nf}& e{ qomcbefehp qcnq meufa `b nb nbp xnp n}}`}q w{eh{nl} `b @ba`n e{ Wni`}qnb& de{ bumfon{ xonweb} e{ de{ knff`}q`m l`}}`fo} mnwnkfo ed aof`to{`bh }umc xonweb}"+ Cexoto{&ao}w`qo otob qco}o n}}u{nbmo}& Mc`bo}o l`}}`fo,{ofnqoa q{nb}do{} mebq`buoa" @b {o}web}o qeqco mebq`bu`bh q{nb}do{}& qco _"]" obhnhoa `b osqob}`to boheq`nqèb} qe ekqn`b poq nbeqco{ bebw{ef`do{nqèb mell`qlobq d{el Mc`bn" Qco}o odde{q} mufl`bnqoa `b n Betolko{ ;777mell`qlobq xco{o`b Mc`bn wfoahoa beq qe n}}`}q +`b nbp xnp& nbp meubq{p `b qcoaotofewlobq ed knff`}q`m l`}}`fo} qcnq mnb ko u}oa qe aof`to{ bumfon{ xonweb} #`"o"& l`}}`fo}mnwnkfo ed aof`to{`bh n wnpfena ed nq fon}q ?77 i`feh{nl} qe n a`}qnbmo ed nq fon}q =77i`feloqo{})"+ @b naa`qèb& Mc`bn nh{ooa qe obnmq nba wukf`}c melw{ocob}`to l`}}`fo,

{ofnqoa oswe{q mebq{ef} +nq nb on{fp anqo"+ @b osmcnbho de{ Mc`bn(} du{qco{ w{el`}o& qco_b`qoa ]qnqo} nh{ooa qe xn`to }nbmqèb} qcnq xo{o {o~u`{oa kp _b`qoa ]qnqo} fnx de{ wn}q n}}`}qnbmo kp Mc`bo}o obq`qò} qe qco @{nb`nb nba Wni`}qnb` l`}}`fo w{eh{nl}" Boxmebmo{b} }eeb n{e}o x`qc {o}womq qe Mc`bn(} melwf`nbmo x`qc `q} Betolko{ ;777mell`qlobq" N }c`wlobq ed l`}}`fo,{ofnqoa qomcbefehp qe Wni`}qnb `b mebq{ntobqèb ed qco;777 mell`qlobq w{elwqoa qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} qe `lwe}o }nbmqèb} `b ]owqolko{ ;77> ebqco Mc`bn Loqnffu{h`mnf O~u`wlobq Me{we{nqèb #MLOM)" @b {o}web}o& qco Mc`bo}oHeto{blobq aobòa qcnq `q} melwnbp cna }c`wwoa l`}}`fo,{ofnqoa `qol} qe Wni`}qnb" QcoMc`bo}o De{o`hb L`b`}q{p& de{ `b}qnbmo& wukf`mfp }qnqoa qcnq +Y`\b,aowqc `bto}q`hnqèb} kpqco Mc`bo}o }ào `ba`mnqo qcnq YMLOM\ cn} boto{ obhnhoa `b nbp nmq`t`qò} n} nffohoa kpqco _b`qoa ]qnqo} nba qco _"]" nffohnqèb `} h{eubafo}}"+ @b }uk}o~uobq mebto{}nqèb} x`qc

qco Mc`bo}o eb qc`} `}}uo& cexoto{& xo cnto cna le{o de{qcmel`bh osmcnbho} eb qco~uo}qèb ed MLOM nba `q} nmq`t`qò} ¹18"

Fn ao}m{`wqèb dn`qo wn{ fo} a`ddà{obqo} nbnfp}o} nlà{`mn`bo} ao fn {ofnqèb obq{o fo} Àqnq},_b`} oq fn Mc`bo }u{ fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uo nu meu{} ao} nbbào} >007 qoba çaàlebq{o{ ~uo Wài`b n àqà wn{q`muf`ã{olobq }ob}`kfo nus }nbmqèb} oq nus {o}q{`mqèb} aoq{nb}do{q} qomcbefeh`~uo} naewqà} ç fn }u`qo a‐nddn`{o} ao w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uo oqbumfàn`{o {àmu{{obqo} ln`} boqqolobq le`b} }ob}`kfo nus }nbmqèb} m`kfào} qeumcnbq wfu}}wàm`d`~uolobq fo} obq{ow{`}o}& fo} ntnbqnho} àmebel`~uo} `bau`q} wn{ fn fotào ao mo}ao{b`ã{o} àqnbq àqà `b}udd`}nbq} weu{ obq{nâbo{ ubo lea`d`mnqèb ao fn wo{mowqèb mc`be`}o au

18 Wnufn N" Ao]uqqo{& Mc`bn (} [ome{a ed W{ef`do{nqèb Nmq`t`qò}& Qo}q`lebp Kode{o qco _"]",Mc`bn Mell`}}èb&

Xn}c`bhqeb& A"M"& ;1 ju`ffoq ;77="






wcàbelãbo w{ef`dà{nbq" Fn {o}qnu{nqèb ao {ofnqèb} àmebel`~uo} be{lnf`}ào} nw{ã} fn d`bao mcn~uo m{`}o }olkfo n`b}` nte`{ mebtn`bmu fn Mc`bo ~uo ao} lea`d`mnqèb} de{loffo}we{qnbq }u{ fo} obhnholobq} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uo }udd`}nòbq ç hn{nbq`{ fnweu{}u`qo ao} àmcnbho} àmebel`~uo} oq qomcbefeh`~uo}& ~u`qqo ç mo ~uo mous,m` }eudd{obq

webmquoffolobq ao} m{`}o} ao w{ef`dà{nqèb" A‐ub nuq{o mñqà& }` mo{qn`b} n}womq} ao fnwef`q`~uo nlà{`mn`bo woutobq nwwn{nâq{o mebqo}qnkfo}& fn fotào ao} }nbmqèb} àqnbq f`ào ç ao}obhnholobq} w{o}~uo `llàa`nqolobq tèfà}& fo} w{o}}èb} nlà{`mn`bo} mebq`buo} ebqdnte{`}à f‐nmmowqnqèb wn{ Wài`b ao be{lo} l`b`lnfo}& q{ã} `lwn{dn`qolobq l`}o} ob ŝut{oln`} hfeknfolobq mebto{hobqo} ntom f‐o}w{`q au LQM[" N`b}`& mo{qn`bo} meewà{nqèb} obq{ofo Wni`}qnb oq fn Me{ào au Be{a #nuqeu{ ao f‐nm~u`}`qèb ao} qomcbefehò} au Be Aebh)}olkfobq nte`{ àqà leq`tào} wn{ fn tefebqà oswf`m`qo ao fn Mc`bo ao bo wn} mebq{otob`{euto{qolobq nu LQM[ ob q{nb}dà{nbq ao} qomcbefehò} ao tomqou{} ç lepobbo we{qào ç }ebnff`à13" F‐nbbufnqèb au q{nb}do{q ao} L,0 oq ao} L,>> to{} fn ]p{ò oq to{} f‐@{nb {ow{à}obqoàhnfolobq ub }ummã}& lêlo }` mo{qn`b} q{nb}do{q} qomcbefeh`~uo} oq `bau}q{òf} }olkfobq}‐êq{o ln`bqobu}& wfu} wn{q`muf`ã{olobq to{} f‐@{nb" Ao lêlo& fo {odu} ewwe}à wn{ fn Mc`bonu {olwfnmolobq #oq nu ln`bqòb ob meba`qèb} ewà{nqèbboffo}) ao} M]],; }neuaòb}weu{{n`q nte`{ àqà leq`tà wn{ }eb nacà}èb ao w{`bm`wo nu LQM[ oq wn{ fo} w{o}}èb}oso{mào} wn{ fo l`b`}qã{o ao} Nddn`{o} àq{nbhã{o} mc`be`}& wfu} }ob}`kfo ~uo fo} nuq{o}nal`b`}q{nqèb} ç f‐`lwnmq bàhnq`d a‐ub beutonu mebq{nq10" Anb} f‐ob}olkfo& Wài`b }olkfonte`{ wfu} eu le`b} }p}qàlnq`~uolobq mebqeu{bà fo LQM[ weu{ weu{}u`t{o }o} nmq`t`qà}w{ef`dà{nbqo} #te`{ `bd{n)& ln`} fn bnqu{o ao moffo},m` n bànble`b} meb}àà{nkfolobq àtefuà&fo} q{nb}do{q} ao mnqàhe{ò @ }‐nqqàbunbq nu w{ed`q ao} q{nb}do{q} ao mnqàhe{ò ;"

Fn melwn{n`}eb obq{o fo} mn} mc`be`} oq fo} mn} {u}}o} aàlebq{o ~uo qobanbmòffolobq& fomna{o be{lnq`d au LQM[& n}}em`à ç f‐nmq`t`}lo ao fn wef`q`~uo nlà{`mn`bo& wo{loq fn{à}e{wqèb ao} wcàbelãbo} w{ef`dà{nbq} fo} wfu} ln{~uà}& ç f‐àhn{a ao} Oqnq} lolk{o}mello to{} fo} Oqnq} beb lolk{o}" ]‐`f o}q a`dd`m`fo a‐àtnfuo{ anb} ~uoffo lo}u{o fnde{lufo ao f‐nacà}èb weu{{n`q êq{o w{àdà{nkfo ç fn wef`q`~uo a‐nf`hbolobq #@}{néf& Mc`bo)&fo} mn} {u}}o} oq mc`be`} `ffu}q{obq f‐`lwe}}`k`f`qà ao fou{ nwwf`~uo{ fo {àh`lo }u{ ubo kn}oqomcb`~uo& aàwef`q`}ào" Qeuq nu mebq{n`{o& f‐os`}qobmo anb} mo} aous Oqnq} a‐ubo kn}o`bau}q{òffo {ofnq`tolobq `baàwobanbqo ao} kn}o} `bau}q{òffo} emmàobqnfo} os`ho ~uo fnl`}o ob ŝut{o ewq`lnfo au LQM[ }e`q àq{e`qolobq f`ào ç ubo wef`q`~uo a‐`bm`qnqèb eu ao{àqe{}èb wfu} tn}qo& ~u` `lwf`~uo ubo nww{àm`nqèb wef`q`~uo ao} {ãhfo} ç nwwf`~uo{ weu{ekqob`{ ub {à}ufqnq hfeknfolobq we}`q`d"

F‐`bqo{w{àqnqèb wef`q`~uo au {àh`lo wn{ f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb nlà{`mn`bo nwwn{nâq n`b}` q{ã}mfn`{olobq fe{} au toqe ewwe}à wn{ fo w{à}àobq Mf`bqeb nu @{nb L`}}`fo ]nbmqèb} Nmq naewqà wn{ fn Mcnlk{o ao} [ow{à}obqnbq} ob >008& ~u` }o w{ewe}n`q a‐nmmobquo{ fo {àh`loao }nbmqèb} k`fnqà{nfo} ç f‐obmebq{o ao} Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq ntom f‐@{nb& fn [u}}ò oq fn Mc`boàqnbq fo} w{`bm`wnus t`}à}" Anb} ubo foqq{o na{o}}ào ç fn mcnlk{o& fo w{à}àobq nlà{`mn`b dn`qek}o{to{ : © ]umc `ba`}m{`l`bnqo }nbmqèb`bh xeufa ubao{l`bo qco m{oa`k`f`qp ed _"]"bebw{ef`do{nqèb wef`mp x`qceuq du{qco{`bh _"]" bebw{ef`do{nqèb ekjomq`to}" @baooa& qco}xoow`bh nwwf`mnqèb ed }nbmqèb} fìofp xeufa mnu}o }o{èu} d{`mqèb x`qc lnbp

13 © A{ Nkauf ^naoo{ Icnb A`}mu}}o} Bumfon{ W{eh{nl `b QT Qnfi ]cex ¹& In{nmc` Nnj Box} Qofot`}èb #`b_{au) >177 HLQ => Nuh 70& ]NW;770707;77377;& Ewob ]eu{mo Mobqo{" Te`{ àhnfolobq Je}owc ]" Ko{luaozJ"& ~u` àloq moqqo cpweqcã}o aã} >003" #© AW[I , Wni`}qnb Hcnu{` L`}}`fo Meewo{nqèb ¹& beqo a`}web`kfo }u{ fo

}`qo ao fn Doao{nqèb ed Nlo{`mnb ]mòbq`}q}& ;> ln` >003)"10 Bòf} Nnanf [n}lu}}ob& Mc`bo}o L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Mebq{ef ” [oh`lo e{ Be [oh`lo5& A@@] K{òd& Anb`}c@b}q`quqo de{ @bqo{bnqèbnf ]quaò}& dàt{ò{ ;778"






heto{blobq}& a`l`b`}c`bh t`qnf `bqo{bnqèbnf meewo{nqèb nm{e}} qco {nbho ed wef`mp n{on} ,, l`f`qn{p& wef`q`mnf& nba omebel`m ,, eb xc`mc _"]" }omu{`qp nba hfeknf fonao{}c`waowoba ¹?7"

Fo mn} mc`be`} o}q mowobanbq n}}oz `ba`mnq`d ao} f`l`qo} ao mo qpwo a‐nww{emco& ~u` t`}o çàqnkf`{ ub à~u`f`k{o obq{o {àqe{}èb oq `bm`qnqèb ln`} ~u` }o ju}q`dò àhnfolobq wn{ ubotefebqà ao bo wn} dn`{o osnhà{àlobq wo}o{ fo} wef`q`~uo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb }u{ fo}`bqà{êq} àmebel`~uo} oq mello{m`nus au eu ao} Àqnq} nwwf`~unbq fo} w{o}}èb}"F‐`bmnwnm`qà ao} Àqnq},_b`} ç ln`bqob`{ ao} }nbmqèb} mebq{o ao} obq{ow{`}o} mc`be`}o}lufq`{àmà`t`}qo}& aebq `f o}q mebbu ~u‐offo} }ebq n}}em`ào} nus e{hnbo} a‐Oqnq #te`{ `bd{n)&}‐oswf`~uo n`b}` wn{ f‐`lwe}}`k`f`qà ao weu{}u`t{o anb} fo qolw} ub {àh`lo ao }nbmqèb}odd`mnmo dnmo ç ub Oqnq ~u` a`}we}o fu`,lêlo ao mnwnm`qà} ao {ow{à}n`ffo} #do{loqu{o ao }ebw{ew{o ln{mcà) oq ~u` }o lebq{o }u{qeuq {àmowq`d ç ubo nfqo{bnbmo ao }nbmqèb} àfn{hò}#{o}q{`mqèb ao} àmcnbho} qomcbefeh`~uo}) oq a‐`bm`qnqèb} eu ao melwob}nqèb} #fotào ao}nbmqèb& `bqob}`d`mnqèb ao} àmcnbho} mello{m`nus oq qomcbefeh`~uo})" Anb} mo }ob}& fn

~uo}qèb b‐o}q wn} qnbq ao }nte`{ }` fn webaà{nqèb wef`q`~uo au LQM[& ~u` `bau`q ubomo{qn`bo qefà{nbmo weu{ ao} wcàbelãbo} w{ef`dà{nbq} àobq`d`à}& te`{o {àwàq`q`d}& o}q odd`mnmoeu beb& ln`} }‐`f o}q we}}`kfo ao dn`{o nuq{olobq" Ao mo we`bq ao tuo& f‐obq{ào eu beb aomo{qn`b} Àqnq} weqobqòffolobq w{ef`dà{nbq} anb} fo LQM[& eu ç f‐`bto{}o& fo ln`bqòb aofou{ osmfu}èb& {ofãtobq a‐ubo nww{àm`nqèb hfeknfo ao} ntnbqnho} wn{q`mufò{} ~uo mo}}efuqèb} woutobq nwwe{qo{& ln`} b‐`bau`}obq wn}& mello mofn o}q fo mn} weu{ ao} Àqnq}aàwobanbq} ao} qomcbefehò} ao} Àqnq} aàjç lolk{o}& ao }u}wob}èb `llàa`nqo ao fou{}àmcnbho} w{ef`dà{nbq}" Moqqo nqqàbunqèb `bàfumqnkfo ao} mnwnm`qà} ao mebq{n`bqo au LQM[o}q a‐n`ffou{} wo{mowq`kfo anb} fn aàd`b`qèb ~u` ob o}q aà}e{ln`} dn`qo wn{ f‐nal`b`}q{nqèbnlà{`mn`bo ~u` o}q`lo ~uo © qco dubmqèb ed qco L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Mebq{ef [oh`lo `} qe

dnm`f`qnqo na cem mee{a`bnqèb ed oswe{q mebq{ef} nlebh fìol`baoa oswe{qo{} xce ao}`{o qeioow l`f`qn{`fp }ob}`q`to qomcbefehò} euq ed qco cnba} ed anbho{eu} }qnqo} ¹?>"

F‐`lwnmq ao} l`}o} ob ŝut{o bnqèbnfo} ao} {àh`lo} a‐oswe{qnqèb }u{ fo [àh`lo

F‐nwwf`mnqèb ewq`lnfo a‐ub {àh`lo ao mebq{ñfo ao} deu{b`}}ou{} o}q àhnfolobq q{ã}aàwobanbqo ao} }p}qãlo} bnqèbnus ao mebq{ñfo ao} oswe{qnqèb}" Fou{ l`}o ob ŝut{o}u}m`qo ao} a`dd`mufqà} wo{lnbobqo}& qnbq anb} fo} w{emo}}u} ao aàm`}èb bnqèbnus ~uo anb}fo} w{emo}}u} ao aàm`}èb `bqo{àqnq`~uo}" X" Kexob ob deu{b`q ubo `ffu}q{nqèb `bqà{o}}nbqoanb} }eb àquao }u{ f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb nlà{`mn`bo oq fo LQM[ au{nbq fo} nbbào} >007" N`b}`&

nfe{} ~uo fo} Àqnq},_b`} }ebq ç f‐e{`h`bo ao }n aàd`b`qèb oq ao }n l`}o ob ŝut{o& `f }u}m`qo`llàa`nqolobq ao belk{ou}o} a`to{hobmo} a‐nww{àm`nqèb obq{o fo} a`ddà{obqo}nal`b`}q{nqèb} {o}web}nkfo} ao} oswe{qnqèb} a‐à~u`wolobq ao aàdob}o #Aàwn{qolobq ao fnaàdob}o& Aàwn{qolobq a‐Àqnq oq fo Aàwn{qolobq au mello{mo)& }u`tnbq ao} f`hbo} aomf`tnho} aà}e{ln`} kòb mebbuo}" Fo mn{nmqã{o àl`bollobq }q{nqàh`~uo oq qomcbefeh`~uoao} q{nb}do{q} ao qomcbefehò} knf`}q`~uo} b‐n dn`q ~u‐nmm{eâq{o fo} a`to{hobmo}" N`b}`& nfe{}~uo fo} Àqnq},_b`} ebq febhqolw} }q`hlnq`}à fn [u}}ò oq fn Mc`bo weu{ fou{ `bmnwnm`qà çnaewqo{ ao} {àhfolobqnqèb} nanwqào} oq w{o}}à fou{} nff`à} a‐nh`{ anb} mo }ob}& a`}we}nbq

?7 ]qnqolobq kp Qco W{o}àobq& Toqe ed C"[" ;870& qco © @{nb L`}}`fo W{ef`do{nqèb Nmq ed >003 ¹& Qe qco Ceu}o ed [ow{o}obqnq`to}& Qco Xc`qo Ceu}o& Edd`mo ed qco W{o}} ]om{oqn{p& ;= ju`b >003 #aàmfn{nqèb ob aous wn{qò& fn

}omebao àqnbq na{o}}ào ç fn Mcnlk{o& a`}web`kfo }u{ fo }`qo ao fn DN]&cqqw:%%xxx"dn}"e{h%box}%`{nb%>003%0374;17>Ubwe"cqlf)"?> Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Aodob}o [otòx {owe{q & Aown{qlobq ed Aodob}o& ;7>7"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O ;7

ous,lêlo} a‐ubo fàh`}fnqèb wn{q`muf`ã{olobq aàtofewwào oq a‐ub mebq{ñfo wn{folobqn`{oweu}}à& `f} }o }ebq jeuà} ao fou{ w{ew{o fàh`}fnqèb weu{ wo{loqq{o mo{qn`b} q{nb}do{q}" FoMebh{o}}èbnf [o}on{mc ]o{t`mo ek}o{to bànble`b} ~uo au{nbq fo} nbbào} >007& © Qco

Nal`b`}q{nqèb cn} edqob koob nkfo qe nteà `lwfolobq`bh qco l`}}`fo }nbmqèb} w{et`}èb}

ed qco N{l} Oswe{q Mebq{ef Nmq #NOMN& W"F" 07,4;0)& qco Oswe{q Nal`b`}q{nqèb Nmq ed >080 #ONN& W"F" 04,8;)& qco @{nb,@{n~ N{l} Bebw{ef`do{nqèb Nmq ed >00; #@@NBN)& qcoDe{o`hb N}}`}qnbmo Nmq ed >04> #DNN& W"F" 38,>0?)& nba qco nbbunf De{o`hb Ewo{nqèb}

Nww{ew{`nqèb} Nmq komnu}o ed osmfu}èb}& xn`to{}& aod`b`qèb} qcnq nffex de{ k{ena `bqo{w{oqnqèb& nba qco fnmi ed mo{qn`b k`ba`bh {o~u`{olobq} `b qco fnx} ¹?;"

Fo} f`ko{qà} w{`}o} wn{ f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb& hàbà{nfolobq ju}q`d`ào} wn{ ao} meb}àà{nqèb} ao}àmu{`qà bnqèbnfo ebq w{`} ubo de{lo wfu} }p}qàlnq`~uo wn{ fo k`n`} ao fn }e{qò ao mo{qn`b}à~u`wolobq} ao fn Lub`qèb F`}q #_]LF) oq ao fou{ q{nb}do{q to{} fn Mello{m`nf Mebq{ef

F`}q #MMF ” à~u`wolobq} aunus) nal`b`}q{ào wn{ fo Aàwn{qolobq au Mello{mo" Aàjç q{ã}wo{mowq`kfo anb} fo} nbbào} >007 anb} fo aeln`bo ao} }nqoff`qo}& moqqo qobqnqèb }o {oq{euto

anb} fo mna{o ao f‐nmquoffo {àde{lo }u{ fo} oswe{qnqèb} `b`q`ào ob ;7>7" Ao dn`q& nfe{} ~uoaowu`} ;77>& fo} a`ddà{obqo} qobqnq`to} ao {àde{lo} t`}nbq ç dnm`f`qo{ fo} oswe{qnqèb}}‐àqnòbq cou{qào} ç fn {à}`}qnbmo au AeA #wn{ fo k`n`} ao fn fn Aodob}o Aown{qlobq Aodob}oQomcbefehp ]omu{`qp Nal`b`}q{nqèb , AQ]N) oq au Mebh{ã}& fo} mebq{n`bqo} àmebel`~uo}f`ào} ç fn kn`}}o ao} kuahoq} l`f`qn`{o} `bm`qobq ç beutonu f‐nmquoffo nal`b`}q{nqèb ç qobqo{a‐ewq`l`}o{ fo {àh`lo a‐oswe{qnqèb& wn{ fn m{ànqèb ao f`}qo} }`lwf`d`ào} oq wn{ fnmobq{nf`}nqèb au w{emo}}u} ao aàm`}èb" Ao }u{m{eâq& fn w{emàau{o ao f`mobmo ao}à~u`wolobq} aunus& hà{ào wn{ fo Ku{onu ed @bau}q{p nba ]omu{̀ qp #K@]) au Aàwn{qolobq aumello{mo& mebbnâq ao} n}}euwf`}}olobq} beqnkfo} aowu`} ;778" Fo Aàwn{qolobq auMello{mo n n`b}` `b`q`à ubo w{ol`ã{o {àde{lo ao}q`bào ç m{ào{ ao} h{euwo} a‐uq`f`}nqou{}d`bnus mo{q`d`à} to{} fo}~uof} fo w{emo}}u} ao aàf`t{nbmo ao f`mobmo }‐o}q q{eutà }`lwf`d`à#Tnfànqoa Oba,_}o{ ”TO_,w{eh{nl)?=" ]` f‐eb wouq n{huo{ ~uo fn }`lwf`d`mnqèb ao} f`}qo}&nu lêlo q`q{o ~uo fo} TO_& bo mebmo{bo{n wn} fo} à~u`wolobq} mebq{ñfà} wn{ fo LQM[#ntom q{ã} mo{qn`bolobq ao} bunbmo} }u{ fo} à~u`wolobq} ao mnqàhe{ò ; ?1)& mo} qob}èb}wo{wàquoffo} }ebq q{ã} `ffu}q{nq`to} au mebdf`q `bcà{obq ~u` os`}qo nu }o`b ao} nal`b`}q{nqèb}weu{ à~u`f`k{o{ fo} obhnholobq} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb oq fn bàmo}}`qà ao ln`bqob`{ ubomnwnm`qà a‐oswe{qnqèb mebmu{{obqòffo& fn }omebao qobanbq ç w{oba{o fo wn} }u{ fo} w{olò{}"Naewqào} w{àm`w`qnllobq weu{ dnte{`}o{ mo{qn`b} àmcnbho} qomcbefeh`~uo} ntom fn Mc`bo&fo} TO_ b‐ebq w{eknkfolobq wn} mebq{`kuà ç {obde{mo{ fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb& ao} dn`ffo}àtàobqo} npnbq àqà aàqomqào} anb} fn }àfomqèb ao} obq`qà} mc`be`}o} nuqe{`}ào} ç kàbàd`mò{ao} àmcnbho} }`lwf`d`à}??& mebau`}nbq ç ao }àtã{o} m{`q`~uo} oq ç ubo {ode{lo wn{qòffo" Fo}

?; ]qun{q A" Hefalnb oq nf"& [u}}`nb L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp nba Bumfon{ [onmqe{ Q{nb}do{} qe @{nb& ew" m`q"?= Fo} TO_ osmfuobq fo} q{nb}do{q} {ofnq`d} ç fn qomcbefehò ao} l`}}`fo}" Offo} }ebq w{`}o} `m` ç q`q{o a‐osolwfo"?1 Te`{ ç mo }ujoq @b Mc`bn Xo Q{u}q& Fexo{`bh _"]" Mebq{ef} eb L`f`qn{`fp _}oduf Oswe{q} qe Mc`bn& X`}meb}`bW{ejomq eb Bumfon{ N{l} Mebq{ef& jnbtò{ ;773"?? © Qco Mello{mo Aown{qlobq‐} Ku{onu ed @bau}q{p nba ]omu{`qp #K@]) mfn`l} qe }ofomq onmc Tnfànqoa Oba,_}o{ kn}oa eb +qco obq`qp(} {ome{a ed osmfu}`to obhnholobq `b m`t`f oba,u}o nmq`t`qò}&“ nba eb ‖qco obq`qp(}{ofnqèb}c`w} x`qc _"]" nba de{o`hb melwnbò}&+ nlebh eqco{ dnmqe{}" K@] nf}e {o~u`{o} TO_ nwwf`mnbq} qe}uwwfp nb +eto{tòx ed nbp ku}`bo}} nmq`t`qp e{ me{we{nqo {ofnqèb}c`w qcnq qco obq`qp cn} x`qc o`qco{ heto{blobq e{ l`f`qn{p e{hnb`znqèb}"+ Nff ed qc`} `bde{lnqèb `} }uwwe}oa qe ko toqqoa kp K@] nba kp nb `bqo{nhobmpmell`qqoo& xc`mc lu}q nww{eto onmc mnbaànqo ubnb`leu}fp" Kuq eu{ {owe{q eb qco w{eh{nl {otonf} qcnq qxe ed

qco d`{}q d`to Mc`bo}o melwnbò} ao}`hbnqoa n} TO_} n{o mfe}ofp f`bioa qe Mc`bn(} l`f`qn{p,`bau}q{`nf melwfos& qeMc`bo}o w{ef`do{nqe{} }nbmqèboa kp qco _b`qoa ]qnqo}& nba qe _"]" melwnbò} nmmu}oa ed oswe{q tèfnqèb}"Mello{mo cnba,w`mioa qco}o melwnbò}& qoff`bhfp beq`bh qcnq qcop nmmeubqoa de{ >3/ ed f`mob}oa _"]" oswe{q} qe





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O ;>

qobqnq`to} wn{nffãfo} ao f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb Ku}c weu{ qobqo{ ao m{ào{ ub mna{o }wàm`d`~uoa‐oswe{qnqèb ntom f‐@bao wo{loqqnbq ao melk`bo{ ao} dnm`f`qà} ç oswe{qo{ mebq{o ubo wfu}h{nbao {`huou{ anb} fo mebq{ñfo }u{ f‐uq`f`}nqèb d`bnfo ao} à~u`wolobq} wn{ f‐`bqo{làa`n`{oa‐`b}womqèb} }u{ }`qo # Oba,_}o{ To{`d`mnqèb Nh{oolobq ) ebq ~unbq ç offo} àqà wu{olobq oq

}`lwfolobq nknbaebbào} wn{ f‐nmquoffo nal`b`}q{nqèb ç fn dntou{ ao fn weu{}u`qo au{nww{emcolobq obq{o fo} Àqnq},_b`} oq f‐@bao #te`{ `bd{n)"

Mo} w{ekfàlnq`~uo} `bqo{bo} aotòbbobq `bd`b`lobq wfu} melwfoso} fe{}~uo f‐eb nke{ao fo}{àh`lo} ao mebq{ñfo ao} Àqnq} beb aàlem{nq`~uo}"

F‐nwwf`mnqèb au LQM[ nus Àqnq} beb aàlem{nq`~uo} }eufãto wn{ aàd`b`qèb ao} a`dd`mufqà}beb bàhf`honkfo} wu`}~uo fo} à~u`f`k{o} ao weute`{} obq{o fo} e{hnbo} ob mcn{ho ao}oswe{qnqèb} oq fo} nuqe{`qà} wef`q`~uo}& l`f`qn`{o} eu `bau}q{òffo} }ebq wfu} }q{umqu{à} wn{ao} {nwwe{q} `bde{lof} ~uo wn{ ao} w{à{ehnq`to} nal`b`}q{nq`to} mfn`{olobq aàd`bò} oq{o}womqào}" Fo mn} mc`be`} o}q wn{q`muf`ã{olobq }plwqelnq`~uo& mo} à~u`f`k{o}& ~u`

}‐n{q`mufobq weu{qnbq anb} ubo }q{umqu{o n}}oz }q{`mqolobq aàd`bò& nwwn{n`}}nbq mello q{ã}dfumqunbq}?4" Fo w{emo}}u} a‐oswe{qnqèb o}q debaà }u{ ao} meb}ufqnqèb} `bqo{l`b`}qà{òffo}&nu lêlo q`q{o ~uo mo ~u` }o w{nq`~uo anb} fn wfuwn{q ao} wnp} emmàobqnus& fo} f`mobmo}àqnbq de{loffolobq aàf`t{ào} wn{ fn ]N]Q@BA #]qnqo Nal`b`}q{nqèb de{ ]mòbmo&Qomcbefehp& nba @bau}q{p de{ Bnqèbnf Aodobmo& nbmòbbolobq ME]Q@BA)" Fo}meb}ufqnqèb} `bmfuobq fo l`b`}qã{o au Mello{mo& fo l`b`}qã{o ao} Nddn`{o} àq{nbhã{o} oq fo}n{lào} #NWF)& wn{ f‐`bqo{làa`n`{o au Hobo{nf N{lnlobq Aown{qlobq #HNA)" Fo}oswe{qnqèb} fo} wfu} }ob}`kfo} oq%eu weutnbq we{qo{ nqqo`bqo ç fn }àmu{`qà ao fn Mc`bo }ebqwn{ n`ffou{} osnl`bào} wn{ fo Meb}o`f a‐Oqnq oq fn Mell`}}èb L`f`qn`{o Mobq{nfo #MLM) ?8&~u` oso{mobq ub weute`{ ao aàm`}èb mebje`bq ob fn lnq`ã{o" Fo HNA o}q }wàm`d`~uolobqmeb}ufqà fe{} ao fn tobqo a‐à~u`wolobq} }u}mowq`kfo} ao dn`{o wo}o{ ubo lobnmo }u{ fo}

Mc`bn" Wn{q ed qco w{ekfol `} qcnq Mello{mo‐} w{emoau{o} n{o beq xoff,aod`boa nba nwwon{ qe ko hoqq`bh xonio{"De{ osnlwfo& K@] `bqobaoa qe {ofp eb lnbanqe{p oba,u}o t`}`q} `b Mc`bn qe to{`dp qcnq Nlo{`mnb oswe{q} xo{o beq ko`bh a`to{qoa" Kuq qco Mc`bo}o L`b`}q{p ed Mello{mo {odu}oa kfnbioq meb}obq qe }umc t`}`q}" K@] qcob }oqqfoa de{ {otòx} `d +xn{{nbqoa+ nba x`qc nlwfo beq`d`mnqèb qe qco Mc`bo}o heto{blobq" K@] cn} nf}e of`l`bnqoa n{o~u`{olobq qcnq _"]" oswe{qo{} {owe{q nbbunffp xcnq qcop }off ubao{ qco TO_ w{eh{nl" K@] n{huoa qcnq `q mnbnf{onap nmmo}} qc`} `bde{lnqèb qc{euhc qco Nuqelnqoa Oswe{q ]p}qol #NO])& ao}w`qo ~uo}qèb} n} qe xcoqco{ qco}p}qol mnb q{nmi qc`} anqn `b qco aoqn`f {o~u`{oa" Mebh{o}} }ceufa `b}`}q qcnq qco w{eh{nl ko cnfqoa ubq`f qcoHNE aoqo{l`bo} qcnq `q aeo} beq {oaumo eu{ bnqèbnf }omu{`qp ¹& N{qcu{ ]cuflnb& Ob}u{`bh ]ndoqp& @bm{on}`bh

Odd`mòbmp& Con{`bh eb Oswe{q Melwf`nbmo& Qo}q`lebp Kode{o qco Mell`qqoo eb De{o`hb Nddn`{} ]ukmell`qqooeb Qo{{e{`}l& Bebw{ef`do{nqèb& nba Q{nao& _b`qoa ]qnqo} Ceu}o ed [ow{o}obqnq`to}& ;7 ln` ;773#cqqw:%%xxx"x`}meb}`bw{ejomq"e{h%wuk}%qo}q`lebò}%;773%cdnm,qo}q`lebp,}cuflnb,7?;773"cql)" Ob emqek{o;773& fo HNE {omellnbao fn }u}wob}èb ao} TNO weu{ fn Mc`bo te`{ Oswe{q Mebq{ef}& Mcnffobho} x`qcMello{mo‐} Tnfànqoa Oba,_}o{ W{eh{nl Lnp F`l`q @q} Nk`f`qp qe Ob}u{o Qcnq ]ol`mebaumqe{ O~u`wlobq

Oswe{qoa qe Mc`bn @} _}oa n} @bqobaoa & HNE,73,>70?& Heuto{lobq Nmmeubqnk`f`qp Edd`mo& }owqolk{o ;773"?4 Otnb ]" Loào{e}& Mcn}`bh qco A{nheb& N}}o}}`bh Mc`bn‐} ]p}qol ed Oswe{q Mebq{ef} de{ XLA,[ofnqoa Heea} nba Qomcbefehò}& LH,=?=& [nba Me{we{nqèb& ;77?9 Otnb ]" Loao`{e} [eho{ Mf`dd& Io`qc M{nbo oqJnlo} M" Luftobeb& N Box A`{omqèb de{ Mc`bn‐} Aodob}o @bau}q{p& {nwwe{q LH,==1& [nba Me{we{nqèb& ;77?9Jebnqcnb O" Ant`}& Oswe{q Mebq{ef} `b qco Woewfo(} [owukf`m ed Mc`bn& Mobq{o de{ @bqo{bnqèbnf Q{nao nba]omu{`qp #M@Q])& _b`to{}`qp ed Hoe{h`n& dàt{ò{ ;77?9 Knqo} H`ff oq Otnb Loào`{e}& Mc`bo}o N{l} Oswe{q&Wef`mp& Wfnpo{} nba W{emo}}& ]q{nqoh`m ]quaò} @b}q`quqo& neùq ;777"?8© Qco oswe{q ed }ob}`q`to `qol} nba {ofnqoa o~u`wlobq nba qomcbefehò} qcnq {ofnqo qe de{o`hb wef`mp `} }ukjomq qe osnl`bnqèb kp qco nketo,lobqèboa melwoqobq aown{qlobq}& `b mee{a`bnqèb x`qc qco L`b`}q{p ed De{o`hb

Nddn`{}" Xco{o qco oswe{q `qol} obqn`f }`hb`d`mnbq `lwnmq eb bnqèbnf }omu{`qp nba wukf`m `bqo{o}q}& qco melwoqobq

aown{qlobq} }cnff& je`bqfp x`qc eqco{ {ofotnbq aown{qlobq}& }ukl`q qco mn}o qe qco ]qnqo Meubm`f nba qco Mobq{nf L`f`qn{p Mell`}}èb de{ nww{etnf ¹& Mc`bn(} Obaonte{} de{ N{l} Mebq{ef& A`}n{lnlobq nba Beb,W{ef`do{nqèb&F`t{o Kfnbm& >o{ }owqolk{o ;77?"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O ;;

de{mo} n{lào} mc`be`}o} offo},lêlo} nfe{} ~uo fo l`b`}qã{o au Mello{mo jeuo{n`q ub {ñfow{àwebaà{nbq anb} fo mebq{ñfo ao} oswe{qnqèb} a‐à~u`wolobq} aunus" Fn tobqo ao}qomcbefehò} l`}}`fo} o}q obmna{ào wn{ fo} [ohufnqèb} ed qco Woewfo(} [owukf`m ed Mc`bn eb

Oswe{q Mebq{ef ed L`}}`fo} nba L`}}`fo,{ofnqoa @qol} nba Qomcbefehò}& `b}w`{à au LQM["

Weu{ nuqnbq& moqqo n{mc`qomqu{o bo }olkfo debmqèbbo{ ~uo q{ã} `lwn{dn`qolobq" F‐`bmnwnm`qàao f‐nal`b`}q{nqèb mc`be`}o ç dn`{o nwwf`~uo{ fo} qosqo} wn{ f‐`bau}q{ò n mo{qo} àqà l`}o obàtàobmo& te`{o edd`mòffolobq nal`}o wn{ }o} wn{qobn`{o} `bqo{bnqèbnus?3 ln`} fn bnqu{olêlo ao} {ofnqèb} ao weute`{ anb} fo} nal`b`}q{nqèb} `bau`q ao} ap}debmqèbbolobq}"

N`b}` fn mnwnm`qà au l`b`}qã{o ao} Nddn`{o} àq{nbhã{o} ç aàd`b`{ oq obmna{o{ fn wef`q`~uoa‐oswe{qnqèb mc`be`}o }olkfo }o cou{qo{& wn{ fo k`n`} au HNA& ç f‐`bdfuobmo ao f‐NWF& aebqfo} wo{}ebbof} }ebq q{ã} w{à}obq} nu}}` kòb nu b`tonu ao} e{hnbo} ao mebq{ñfo m`t`f}#ME]Q@BA%]N]Q@BA) ~uo ao} mebhfelà{n} `bau}q{òf}" Fo ln`bqòb a‐ub w{emo}}u} aoaàm`}èb wef`q`~uo mebje`bq obq{o fo Meb}o`f a‐Oqnq oq fn MLM fu` aebbo ubo mnwnm`qàa‐`bdfuobmo a`{omqo }u{ fo} oswe{qnqèb}& `bdfuobmo }u}mowq`kfo a‐obq{o{ a`{omqolobq ob

mebdf`q ntom fo} e{òbqnqèb} wef`q`~uo} {oqobuo} wn{ fo l`b`}qã{o ao} Nddn`{o} àq{nbhã{o}" Wn{n`ffou{}& mo{qn`bo} obq{ow{`}o} w{emco} ao f‐NWF weu{{nòbq ekqob`{ fou{ f`mobmoa‐oswe{qnqèb a`{omqolobq nuw{ã} au HNA& f`l`qnbq obme{o ub wou wfu} fo mebq{ñfonal`b`}q{nq`d }u{ fo} oswe{qnqèb} }ob}`kfo} : © Qco HNA x`ff cnto iop `bwuq} `bqe Mc`bo}on{l} mebq{ef nba bebw{ef`do{nqèb wef`mò} ex`bh qe qco `bdfuobmo ed mo{qn`b `ba`tàunf}"Qco HNA `} foa kp Hobo{nf Mne Hnbhmcunb xce conaoa qco de{lo{ ME]Q@BA ubq`f `q}‖m`t`f`nb`znqèb“ `b Ln{mc >003" Mne xn} w{otèu}fp aowuqp mcòd ed qco Hobo{nf ]qndd nba cn} wfnpoa nb `lwe{qnbq {efo `b }elo ed Mc`bn‐} le{o xoff,ibexb n{l} oswe{q mn}o}& }umcn} qco q{nb}do{ ed AD,= `bqo{loa`nqo {nbho knff`}q`m l`}}`fo} qe ]nua` N{nk`n `b >033" Coxn} nf}e nwwe`bqoa qe qco Mobq{nf L`f`qn{p Mell`}}èb `b Emqeko{ >003 ¹?0" Nu d`bnf& fn{ofnq`to `baàwobanbmo ao} `bqà{êq} l`f`qn`{o}47& fn lebqào ob wu`}}nbmo w{à}ulào aul`b`}qã{o au Mello{mo oq f‐`bdfuobmo wo{}`}qnbqo ao} n{lào} eu ao }o} {ofn`} }u{ fo}nal`b`}q{nqèb} {o}web}nkfo} au mebq{ñfo ao} oswe{qnqèb} we}obq ub w{ekfãlo meb}àà{nkfowu`}~uo fo} obhnholobq} w{`} wn{ fo L`b`}qã{o ao} Nddn`{o} Oq{nbhã{o} ob lnq`ã{o aomebq{ñfo }u{ fo} oswe{qnqèb} }ebq febhqolw} {o}qà} }nb} oddoq : © Xn}c`bhqeb cn} }eloq`lo}{omo`toa n}}u{nbmo} d{el qco LDN qcnq Mc`bn x`ff {o}q{`mq }ob}`q`to }nfo} `bteft`bh}ewc`}q`mnqoa xonweb{p& wn{q`mufn{fp bumfon{ qomcbefehp nba l`}}`fo}& qe wef`q`mnffp

?3 Bòf} Nnanf [n}lu}}ob& Mc`bo}o L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Mebq{ef ” [oh`lo e{ Be [oh`lo5& ew" m`q 9 JebnqcnbO" Ant`}& Oswe{q Mebq{ef} `b qco Woewfo(} [owukf`m ed Mc`bn& ew"m`q" F‐n{hulobq o}q mowobanbq ~uof~uo wou u}à"Ob >008 anb} ubo aàwe}`qèb aotnbq fo ]àbnq fo ]om{àqn`{o a‐Oqnq naje`bq ç fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb [eko{q O`bce{bnaloqqn`q ~uo fn Mc`bo weutn`q oswe{qo{& ao kebbo de`& ao} qomcbefehò} aunfo} }ob}`kfo}& wn{ nk}obmo ao lepob}ao mebq{ñfo" Ote~unbq f‐nddn`{o ao} n`lnbq} qe{`~uo} tobau} nu Wni`}qnb au{nbq fo} nbbào} >007& `f ob aebbn`q ubooswf`mnqèb nmmowqnkfo oq }àwn{n`q boqqolobq fn qomcbefehò l`f`qn`{o& }q{`mqolobq mebq{ñfào wn{ fn Mc`bo& ao}qomcbefehò} aunfo}" Mo} ao{b`ã{o} © n{o beq bomo}}n{`fp mebq{effoa kp mobq{nf`zoa e{ }obè{,fotof nww{etnflomcnb`}l}" Y""\ Qco le{o xo fon{b nkeuq qco {ua`lobqn{p }qnqo ed Mc`bo}o oswe{q mebq{ef} eb aunf,u}o `qol}&qco le{o wfnu}`kfo `q komelo} qcnq qc`} wn{q`mufn{ q{nb}nmqèb Y{`bh lnhboq} qe Wni`}qnb\ xeufa cnto koob lnaox`qceuq c`hc,fotof heto{blobq ibexfoaho" Nba komnu}o ed qcnq& `q aàb(q q{`hho{ ]omqèb 3;? ed qco Bumfon{ Beb,W{ef`do{nqèb Nmq ¹ #Aàwe}`qèb ao [eko{q O`bce{b aotnbq fo ]àbnq& Heto{blobqnf Nddn`{} Mell`qqoo(}]ukmell`qqoo eb @bqo{bnqèbnf ]omu{`qp& W{ef`do{nqèb nba Doao{nf ]o{t`mo}& Xn}c`bhqeb& A"M"& Nw{" >7& >008)"Mo qpwo a‐oswf`mnqèb n àqà aowu`} }p}qàlnq`~uolobq {ow{`} anb} ao belk{ou}o} aàmfn{nqèb} edd`mòffo}& ob aàw`qao fn l`}o nus be{lo} au }p}qãlo a‐oswe{qnqèb mc`be`}"?0 Knqo} H`ff oq Otnb Loào`{e}& Mc`bo}o N{l} Oswe{q}․& ew" m`q"

47 Qn` L`bh Mcoubh& © Qco @bdfuobmo ed qco Hub} : Mc`bn‐} Mobq{nf L`f`qn{p Mell`}}èb nba @q} [ofnqèb}c`wx`qc qco L`f`qn{p& Wn{qp nba ]qnqo Aom`}èb,Lni`bh ]p}qol ¹& `b Qco Lni`bh ed Mc`bo}o De{o`hb Wef`mp nba ]omu{`qp Wef`mp `b qco O{n ed [ode{l& a`{`hà wn{ Antà L" Fnlwqeb& ]qnbade{a _b`to{}`qp W{o}}& ]qnbade{a& ;77>





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O ;=

ub}qnkfo n{on} }umc n} qco Làafo On}q& ebfp qe d`ba qco }nfo} he ncona nbpxnp" Edqob qco LDN lnio} qco}o w{el`}o} `b heea dn`qc" Qco w{ekfol `} qcnq qco LDN mnbbeq mebq{efMc`bo}o n{l} }nfo}9 le}q ed qco}o melo ubao{ qco wu{tòx ed qco WFN& xc`mc `} le{ox`ff`bh qcnb qco LDN qe qefo{nqo n aoqo{è{nqèb ed {ofnqèb} x`qc qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} qe

ln`bqn`b n heea }eu{mo ed {otobuo ¹4>"

Fo} w{o}}èb} àmebel`~uo} mebq{`kuo{nòbq àhnfolobq ç oswf`~uo{ ub mo{qn`b belk{oa‐àmcnbho} w{ef`dà{nbq}" Fn }q{umqu{o wn{q`muf`ã{olobq `lk{`~uào ao} n{lào} oq ao}`bau}q{ò}& ~u` }uk}`}qo ob aàw`q ao} {àde{lo} ao >003& f‐nwwf`mnqèb a‐ubo wef`q`~uo ao}ot{nho ao} aobò{} wukf`m} nwwf`~uào nus nmqou{} fo} le`b} {obqnkfo} ao kn}o `bau}q{òffoao aàdob}o oq f‐naewqèb ao m{`qã{o} ao wfu} h{nbao {obqnk`f`qà weu{ fo} nuq{o} }olkfobq nte`{febhqolw} `bm`qà fo} obq{ow{`}o} ç nh`{ `baàwobanllobq& nd`b ao hn{nbq`{ fn }u{tò ao fou{}w{eh{nllo}" Wn{naesnfolobq& moqqo feh`~uo ao m{`l`bnf`qà àmebel`~uo }olkfo aote`{}‐nwwf`~uo{ nuqnbq ~unba f‐`bau}q{ò lnb~uo ao deba} #aàkuq ao} nbbào} >007)4; ~u‐obwà{èao a‐nkebanbmo4=" Offo o}q obmeu{nhào wn{ f‐`b}udd`}nbmo ~unf`qnq`to oq ~unbq`qnq`to ao}

wo{}ebbof} aotnbq nwwf`~uo{ fo} fàh`}fnqèb} qeuq mello wn{ fo} belk{ou}o} mà}u{o} ~u`meuwobq fo} nal`b`}q{nqèb} mobq{nfo} ao} obq{ow{`}o}& dnte{`}nbq fo} mello{mo} `ff`m`qo}"

Moq ob}olkfo ao mebq{n`bqo} `bqo{bo} bo }udd`q weu{qnbq wn} ç oswf`~uo{ mo{qn`bo} fnmubo} auqosqo obmna{nbq fo} oswe{qnqèb} ao l`}}`fo} oq ao qomcbefehò} n}}em`ào}& `b}w`{à wn{ foLQM[ oq naewqà ob ;77; # L`}}`fo nba L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Oswe{q Mebq{ef F`}q & uboto{}èb l`}o n jeu{ npnbq àqà wukf`ào ob ;77341)" Fo mn{nmqã{o àq{e`qolobq mc`be`} oq fo}a`ddà{obmo} ntom fo qosqo au LQM[ }ebq {otoba`~uà} aã} }n wukf`mnqèb wn{ fo} nuqe{`qà}mc`be`}o}4?" Offo} we{qobq fo wfu} }eutobq }u{ ao} }wàm`d`mnqèb} qomcb`~uo}& nmme{anbq ubwfu} h{nba aoh{à ao qefà{nbmo anb} fo} oswe{qnqèb} a‐à~u`wolobq} #`bmfunbq fn w{eaumqèb

4> Aobbp [ep& Mc`bn‐} De{o`hb [ofnqèb}& [exlnb $ F`qqfodòfa Wukf`}co{}& Fnbcnl #Oqnq},_b`})& >003"4; Te`{ wn{ osolwfo& O{`m Cpo{ © Mc`bn‐} N{l} Lo{mcnbq} : W{ed`q} `b Mellnba ¹9 Jecb X" Fox`}& Cun A` oqSuo F`qn`& © Ko`j`bh‐} Aodob}o O}qnkf`}clobq : ]eft`bh qco N{l},Oswe{q Ob`hln ¹& @bqo{bnqèbnf ]omu{`qp&tef" >?& b·1& w{`bqolw} >00>9 Anbòf F" Kplnb oq [eho{ Mf`dd& Mc`bn‐} N{l} ]nfo}& Leq`tnqèb nba @lwf`mnqèb&[nba Me{we{nqèb& L[,>>>0,ND& >0009 L`mconf ]xn`bo & Qco [efo ed qco Mc`bo}o L`f`qn{p `b Bnqèbnf }omu{`qpWef`mplni`bh& L[83;& [nba Me{we{nqèb& >003"4= © Qco w{o}}u{o} d{el kofex }ool o~unffp }q{ebh" Mc`bn‐} aodobmo `bau}q{p mnb w{eaumo le{o qcnb qco WFNmnb nk}e{k" @q lu}q d`ba box ln{ioq} `b xc`mc qe }off `q} `bm{on}`bhfp `lw{etoa w{eaumq}" Naa`qèbnffp& n}l`f`qn{p oswe{q} }o{to qco `bqo{o}q} ed }elo ed qco obq`qò} qcnq n{o `bteftoa `b qco oswe{q mebq{ef {oh`lo& qco

w{emo}} `} }ukjomq qe mebdf`mq`bh w{o}}u{o}" De{ osnlwfo& ]N]Q@BA a`{omq} nba lnbnho} Mc`bn‐} l`f`qn{p{o}on{mc nba aotofewlobq #[$A) nba w{eaumqèb& nba qcu} `} `bqo{o}qoa `b `bm{on}`bh qco aodobmo `bau}q{p‐}`bmelo" ]N]NM lnbnho} Mc`bn‐} }qnqo,exboa obqo{w{`}o}& nlebh qcol qco lnje{ aodobmo me{we{nqèb}& nba `}

w{ed`q,e{òbqoa" HNA& n} wn{q ed qco WFN& cn} n }qnio `b }elo ed qco l`f`qn{p `bau}q{ò}" N} Mc`bn‐}nal`b`}q{nq`to `b}q`quqèbnf`}nqèb `} `bmelwfoqo& e{hnb`}nqèbnf `bqo{o}q} lnp cnto bohnq`to `bdfuobmo eb oswe{q mebq{ef `lwfolobqnqèb ¹" Pe{nl Ot{eb& © Mc`bn‐} Oswe{q Mebq{ef [oh`lo: D{el ]qnqo qe W{`tnqo ]omqe{W{ef`do{nqèb ¹& Ou{n}`n [otòx& ;4 betolk{o ;7>7"41 [ohufnqèb} ed qco Woewfo(} [owukf`m ed Mc`bn eb Oswe{q Mebq{ef ed L`}}`fo} nba L`}}`fo,{ofnqoa @qol} nba Qomcbefehò}& a`}web`kfo }u{ cqqw:%%q{nao`b}o{t`mo}"ledmel"het"mb%ob%`%;773,7>,;?%;=7>4"}cqlf fo qosqo #oq }o}nbboso}) o}q a`}web`kfo àhnfolobq }u{ cqqw:%%xxx"mnon"het"mb%b47;487%b4;>301%b4;>308%=;;=0"cqlf"4? ]ofeb ubo aàmfn{nqèb a‐emqek{o ;77; ao Fù Jòp`& a`{omqou{ au Aàwn{qolobq ao fn lnâq{`}o ao} n{lolobq} oqau aà}n{lolobq au l`b`}qã{o ao} Nddn`{o} àq{nbhã{o}& © @d peu melwn{o qco f`}q x`qc LQM[& peu x`ff d`ba qcnq qcomnqohe{`znqèb `} n k`q a`ddo{obq de{ qco }nio ed on}p nal`b`}q{nqèb" Qco{o n{o `qol} beq mebqn`boa `b LQM[ `bqco f`}q" ]e `b qc`} {o}womq& qc`} f`}q meto{} n xào{ n{on qcnb LQM[" Ed meu{}o qco{o `} nf}e n to{p f`l`qoa bulko{ ed LQM[ `qol} qcnq n{o beq `b qco f`}q komnu}o qcop n{o beq {onffp qcnq {ofotnbq& o`qco{ komnu}o xo aeb(q cnto

qcol& e{ qcop cnto boto{ melo `bqe qco w`mqu{o& e{ komnu}o eu{ oswo{q} ae beq ibex osnmqfp xcnq qcop n{o ¹" m`qàwn{ Wc`ff`w M" ]nubao{}& W{of`l`bn{p Nbnfp}`} ed Mc`bo}o L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Oswe{q Mebq{ef F`}q #Mobqo{ de{Bebw{ef`do{nqèb ]quaò}& Lebqo{op @b}q`quqo ed @bqo{bnqèbnf ]quaò}& 4 }owqolk{o ;77;"






oq fo} o}}n`}) we{qnbq }u{ ao} l`}}`fo} ao meu{qo we{qào #`bdà{òu{o ç =77 il)" Mo{qn`bo}nk}obmo} nwwn{n`}}obq bànble`b} aàf`kà{ào} qoffo} ~uo fn beb w{`}o ob melwqo ao f‐nmò{ln{nh`bh& ao} {àmowqou{} HW]& f‐nk}obmo ao mo{qn`b} melwe}nbq} mc`l`~uo} bàmo}}n`{o} çfn dnk{`mnqèb ao} w{ewo{hef}" Fn aàd`b`qèb ao} }p}qãlo} ao huànho obq{nbq anb} fo mcnlw

au mebq{ñfo o}q ~unbq ç offo aàf`kà{àlobq àtn}`to oq q{ã} àfe`hbào ao} }wàm`d`mnqèb} auLQM[ #© Huànbmo }oq} mnwnkfo ed nmcòt`bh }p}qol nmmu{nmp ed >7 il e{ fo}} #MOW) de{ knff`}q`m l`}}`fo} x`qc n {nbho ed =77 il ¹& mo ~u` `lwf`~uo ubo nk}obmo ao mebq{ñfo }u{ fo}}p}qãlo} ao huànho ao}q`bà} nus l`}}`fo} ao le`b} ao =77 il& ç melwn{o{ ntom fo qosqoau LQM[ © Huànbmo }oq}(& u}nkfo `b qco }p}qol} }wom`dòa `b >"N"& mnwnkfo ed nmcòt`bh}p}qol nmmu{nmp ed ="==/ e{ fo}} ed qco +{nbho+ #o"h" n (MOW( ed >7 il e{ fo}} nq n +{nbho+ed =77 il) ¹)"

Obd`b& fo} nlk`tnfobmo} ao} nuqe{`qà} mc`be`}o} nwwn{n`}}obq àhnfolobq anb} fn ho}qèbnal`b`}q{nq`to ao} qosqo}" F‐naewqèb a‐ubo mfnu}o nqq{nwo,qeuq #mnqmc nff mfnu}o) anb} fnto{}èb mc`be`}o au LQM[ #n{q`mfo >4 au qosqo mc`be`}) ntn`q àqà }nfuào ob ;77; 44&

wu`}~u‐offo nuqe{`}o ubo `bqo{w{àqnqèb ao} qosqo} anb} f‐o}w{`q oq beb ub`~uolobq ç fn foqq{o"Qeuqode`}& fo} àmcnbho} obq{o fo} nuqe{`qà} nlà{`mn`bo} oq mc`be`}o} }u{ }eb nwwf`mnqèb}olkfobq fe`b a‐êq{o }nq`}dn`}nbq}" ]ofeb ub aemulobq au Aàwn{qolobq a‐Àqnq #Xì`foni})&© Ebo }umc osnlwfo `btefto} qco Mc`bo}o d`{l F@LLQ" Qco _"]" cn} a`}mu}}oa qc`} d`{l‐}l`}}`fo,{ofnqoa oswe{q} qe @{nb osqob}`tofp x`qc Mc`bo}o nuqce{`qò} eto{ qco fn}q }oto{nf

pon{}" @b {o}web}o qe qco}o nww{enmco}& Mc`bn cn} }qewwoa }oto{nf w{ef`do{nqèb,{ofnqoa q{nb}do{} kp F@LLQ qe @{nb" Cexoto{& `b ;778 nba ;773& F@LLQ& ewo{nq`bh ubao{ qcobnlo Anf`nb ]ubbp @bau}q{p& }uwwfòa n {nbho ed {nx lnqo{`nf} qe @{nb‐} }efà,w{ewoffnbq l`}}`fo e{hnb`znqèb ]cncà Knio{` @bau}q{ò} H{euw #]K@H)" Mc`bn cn} `ba`mnqoa `q}obde{molobq nhobmò} n{o xe{i`bh qe d`ba n fohnf kn}`} qe mu{qn`f qc`} d`{l‐} meewo{nqèbx`qc @{nb‐} l`}}`fo w{eh{nl nba fn}q pon{ Mc`bn} L`b`}q{p ed Mello{mo {owe{qoafpaomàoa qe qnio wub`q`to nmqèb nhn`b}q qco melwnbp" Cexoto{& qco melwnbp nwwonfoa qcolon}u{o} nba `q} w{ef`do{nbq nmq`t`qò} cnto mebq`buoa" Eu{ `bde{lnqèb `ba`mnqo} qcnq

F@LLQ} ln`b {ow{o}obqnq`to `} n de{lo{ heto{blobq edd`m`nf xce cn} koob u}`bh c`}heto{blobq mebbomqèb} qe mebaumq ku}`bo}} nba we}}`kfp w{eqomq c`l}ofd d{el Ko`j`bh‐}obde{molobq nmqèb}" Le{o k{enafp& Mc`bn} nk`f`qp qe }ummo}}duffp {o}efto qc`} mn}o lnp ko

du{qco{ melwf`mnqoa kp Mc`bn} bnqèbnf,fotof edd`m`nf} qobaobmp qe {of`b~u`}c }elo mebq{efed `bto}q`hnqèb} qe qco w{et`bm`nf fotof" Fona} eb `lwoba`bh w{ef`do{nqèb,{ofnqoa q{nb}nmqèb} {owe{qoafp n{o wn}}oa qe {ofotnbq {ohèbnf edd`mo} de{ `bto}q`hnqèb" Nfqceuhcqco}o edd`mo} cnto qco d{ooael qe nmq `baowobaobqfp qe }qew n }c`wlobq ebmo ko`bh {odo{{oa n mn}o& n fnmi ed bnqèbnf,fotof eto{}`hcq w{eknkfp nffex} femnf fotof edd`m`nf} qe mebq`buo qe

}còfa d`{l} `b qco`{ omebel`m zebo}" Y""\ Xo cnto àobq`dòa }oto{nf w{nmq`mo} nba meba`qèb} qcnq c`bao{ qco oddomq`tobo}} ed Mc`bn} oswe{q mebq{ef obde{molobq" Qco}o`bmfuao n {ofumqnbmo qe `bteio mnqmc,nff mebq{ef} qe w{otobq w{ef`do{nqèb,{ofnqoa }nfo}& nba fns oswomqnqèb} {ohn{a`bh n d`{l‐} {o}web}`k`f`qp qe ibex qco kebn dào} ed qco oba,u}o{}

de{ qco`{ w{eaumq}" @b lnbp mn}o} `bteft`bh qco q{nb}do{ ed w{ef`do{nqèb }ob}`q`to mn{he qe w{eh{nl} ed mebmo{b& Ko`j`bh cn} }cexb n {ofumqnbmo qe w{ec`k`q qco oswe{q ed nb `qolubfo}} `q `} }wom`d`mnffp f`}qoa eb Mc`bn} l`}}`fo,{ofnqoa oswe{q mebq{ef f`}q e{ qco LQM[

Nbbos" Ko`j`bh cn} nf}e aoleb}q{nqoa nb ubx`ff`bhbo}} qe cefa Mc`bo}o d`{l} nmmeubqnkfo

44 F‐n{q`mfo >4 au qosqo w{àm`}o : © Xco{o qco oswe{qo{ ibex} e{ }ceufa ibex qcnq qco l`}}`fo,{ofnqoa `qol} nba qomcbefehò} qe ko oswe{qoa x`ff ko u}oa kp qco {omo`t`bh wn{qp a`{omqfp `b `q} w{eh{nl de{ aotofew`bh l`}}`fo}

nba eqco{ aof`to{`bh }p}qol} f`}qoa `b qco Mebq{ef F`}q qcnq mnb ko u}oa qe aof`to{ xonweb} ed ln}} ao}q{umqèb&qco oswe{q }cnff ko }ukjomq qe qco w{et`}èb} ed qco}o [ohufnqèb} otob `d qco `qol} e{ qomcbefehò} n{o beq f`}qoa `b qco Mebq{ef F`}q ¹ 9 [ohufnqèb} ed qco Woewfo(} [owukf`m ed Mc`bn eb Oswe{q Mebq{ef ed L`}}`fo}& ew"m`q"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O ;?

de{ duffp otnfunq`bh oba u}o{} ed n Mc`bo}o,e{`h`b `qol" Ob}u{`bh qcnq d`{l} n{o wo{de{l`bhauo a`f`hobmo x`qc {o}womq qe qco`{ mu}qelo{} `} wn{q`mufn{fp m{`q`mnf `b aonf} x`qc @{nb&xco{o d{ebq melwnbò} n{o edqob u}oa qe ln}i qco ufq`lnqo oba,u}o{} ¹48" _b nb wfu} qn{a foAàwn{qolobq a‐Oqnq }euf`hbo ~uo : © Xo d{o~uobqfp }cn{o x`qc qco Mc`bo}o heto{blobq

`bde{lnqèb {ofnqoa qe mn}o} ed l`}}`fo w{ef`do{nqèb mebmo{b `b e{ao{ qe hoq Ko`j`bh qe`bto}q`hnqo nba%e{ }qew qco nmq`t`qp" Emmn}èbnffp& Mc`bo}o nuqce{`qò} x`ff {o~uo}q naa`qèbnf `bde{lnqèb nkeuq qco obq`qò} e{ heea} `bteftoa `b n }wom`d`m q{nb}nmqèb& nba qco _"]" meb}`}qobqfp {o}weba} qe qco}o {o~uo}q}" Le{o edqob& cexoto{& qcop }`lwfp beqo qcoaoln{mco nba `ba`mnqo qcnq `q x`ff ko {odo{{oa qe qco w{ewo{ nuqce{`qò}" Le{oeto{& Mc`bo}oedd`m`nf} w{etào ebfp f`l`qoa dooaknmi eb qco}o mn}o} nba qco }qnqu} ed qco`{ `bto}q`hnqèb}&mfn`l`bh eb ebo emmn}èb on{fò{ qc`} pon{ qcnq +Mc`bn} ku}`bo}} `} `q} exb ku}`bo}}"+

Nba otob `b qce}o mn}o} xco{o Mc`bn aeo} w{etào uwanqo}& Mc`bo}o obde{molobq nmqèbnwwon{} }weqqp nq ko}q" De{ osnlwfo& `b ebo mn}o xo cnto koob a`}mu}}`bh x`qc Ko`j`bh eto{ qco meu{}o ed }oto{nf pon{}& Mc`bo}o edd`m`nf} n}}u{oa u} qcnq qco heto{blobq cna mfe}oa

aexb n melwnbp `bteftoa `b knff`}q`m,l`}}`fo {ofnqoa }nfo} nba kn{{oa `q d{el oswe{q`bh" Ao}w`qo qco}o n}}u{nbmo}& cexoto{& xo mebq`buo qe }oo qcnq }nlo melwnbp obhnho `b w{ef`do{nbq kocntè{"

@b nbeqco{ mn}o `bteft`bh n Mc`bo}o obq`qp qcnq cn} koob {euq`bofp obhnhoa `b q{nb}nmqèb}ed l`}}`fo,{ofnqoa `qol}& xo obmeu{nhoa Mc`bn qe obde{mo `q} mnqmc,nff mebq{ef}" Mc`bo}oedd`m`nf} {o}webaoa qcnq mnqmc,nff mebq{ef} +n{o beq lonbq qe mnqmc oto{pqc`bh&+ nba aà beq

w{etào nbp naa`qèbnf `bde{lnqèb eb cex e{ `d `q uq`f`zo} mnqmc,nff mebq{ef} ¹43"

Moqqo nbnfp}o loq ob ful`ã{o fo} f`l`qo} `bcà{obqo} ç f‐nwwf`mnqèb au LQM[& nu}}` kòbnuw{ã} ao mo{qn`b} Àqnq} lolk{o} ~u‐nuw{ã} a‐Àqnq} ndd`{lnbq teufe`{ f‐ek}o{to{" @f }‐nh`q fç

ao f`l`qo} ~un}`lobq `baàwn}}nkfo}& wu`}~uo fn lnb`ã{o a‐nwwf`~uo{ fo a{e`q `bqo{bo bo wouq{ofoto{ ~uo ao fn }euto{n`boqà ao f‐Àqnq mebmo{bà" Fn we}}`k`f`qà a‐`bdfuo{ }u{ moq n}womq aumebq{ñfo aàwoba `b d`bo ao fn tefebqà {àoffo ao f‐Àqnq t`}à a‐p }eu}m{`{o& ao} w{o}}èb} ~u`fu` }ebq nwwf`~uào} oq ao} `bm`qnqèb} ~u` fu` }ebq eddo{qo} #oq àtobquoffolobq ao fn mnwnm`qàao} Oqnq} lolk{o} ç w{ewe}o{ ao} }efuqèb} qomcb`~uo} eu ao de{lnqèb nd`b a‐nlàfè{o{ fodebmqèbbolobq au mebq{ñfo wcp}`~uo eu fàhnf)" @f }o{n`q mowobanbq wn{q`muf`ã{olobq`ffu}e`{o a‐o}melwqo{ ~uo ao} q{nb}do{q} w{ef`dà{nbq} lnjou{} to{} fo} nff`à} }q{nqàh`~uo}& qof}~uo mous ~u` }o weu{}u`tobq obq{o fn Mc`bo oq fo Wni`}qnb& mo}}obq& oq mo a‐nuqnbq wfu} ~uomo} lêlo Àqnq} o}q`lobq ~uo fo} lolk{o} au LQM[ }o f`t{obq ous,lêlo} ç ubow{ef`dà{nqèb oddomq`to to{} fou{} nff`à} }q{nqàh`~uo}40" Wn{ mebq{o& eb wouq ob nqqoba{o uboodd`mnm`qà wfu} h{nbao ob mo ~u` mebmo{bo fo} q{nb}do{q} to{} ao} nff`à} le`b} w{emco}&

beqnllobq to{} mo{qn`b} qpwo} ao w{ef`dà{nbq} qof} ~uo f‐@{nb" Anb} mo mn}& m‐o}qo}}obqòffolobq fo {nwwe{q obq{o f‐`bm`qnqèb oq fn {àqe{}èb ~u` o}q fn wfu} }u}mowq`kfo ao

48 ]@WA@] WN[@] DE[ O]Q: BENC CN[A@O K[N]@F@N DE[ WEF: JECB O[NQC& O"E" >;0?3: AOMF:70%>3%;7=1 QNH]: LQM[O& OQQM& I]MN& LB_M& WN[L& Q]WN& D[& K[ ]_KJOMQ: L@]]@FO QOMCBEFEHP MEBQ[EF [OH@LO #LQM[): MC@BN] KNFF@]Q@M L@]]@FO,[OFNQOA OSWE[Q MEBQ[EF [OME[A&xì`foni& }owqolk{o >3& ;770& cqqw:%%xxx"ndqobwe}qob"be%}wo}`nf%xì`foni}aeiulobqo{%n{q`mfo=033=;="omo"43 ]@WA@] WN[@] DE[ O]Q: COFOB ]L@QC FEBAEB DE[ MC[@] WNFLO[ MNBKO[[N DE[ MN[EFCNBFEB& O"E" >;0?3: AOMF: >7%7>%;7== QNH]: LQM[O& OQQM& I]MN& LB_M& WN[L& Q]WN& D[& _I& N]&MC ]_KJOMQ: L@]]@FO QOMCBEFEHP MEBQ[EF [OH@LO #LQM[): MC@BN] [OME[A EB MEBQ[EFF@BH L@]]@FO,[OFNQOA OSWE[Q]& xì`foni& emqek{o >& ;773&

cqqw:%%xxx"ndqobwe}qob"be%}wo}`nf%xì`foni}aeiulobqo{%n{q`mfo=033?=0"omo"40 Zcne Qebh oq F` K`b& © @} qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} Melwfp`bh x`qc LQM[ [ufo}5 ¹& Mc`bo}o Jeu{bnf ed @bqo{bnqèbnf Wef`q`m}& tef" ;& ;773"






lea`dò{ fo melwe{qolobq `bqo{bo ao f‐Àqnq w{ef`dà{nqou{" Fo} `bm`qnqèb} ae`tobq mowobanbqêq{o }udd`}nllobq }`hb`d`mnq`to} weu{ ju}q`dò{ f‐nknbaeb ao} wef`q`~uo} ao w{ef`dà{nqèb"Aã} fe{} ~uo fo} }nbmqèb} oq fo} `bm`qnqou{} n}}em`à} ç fn fotào ao} }nbmqèb} bo }o {àtãfobqwn} wfu} nqq{nmq`d} ~uo fo ln`bqòb ao fn {ofnqèb mebmo{bào& `f }o{n`q `ffu}e`{o ao }uwwe}o{

~u‐ub Àqnq mello fn Mc`bo ek}o{to{n }q{`mqolobq }n w{ew{o fàh`}fnqèb"

Fo} n}womq} àmebel`~uo} f`à} ç fn l`}o ob ŝut{o ao} mebq{ñfo}

Ao} a`to{hobmo} a‐`bqo{w{àqnqèb }uk}qnbqòffo} }ebq àhnfolobq q{ã} wo{mowq`kfo} obq{o Àqnq}wn{qnhonbq& n w{è{`& fn lêlo nww{emco ao} ~uo}qèb} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb aã} fe{} ~uo fo}w{ekfàlnq`~uo} àmebel`~uo} obq{obq ob meb}àà{nqèb" Moffo},m` }ebq weu{qnbq w{à}obqo}aã} fn bn`}}nbmo au LQM[" Weu{ fo} Àqnq},_b`}& f‐ekjomq`d obaehãbo au {àh`lo t`}o beb}oufolobq ç cn{leb`}o{ fo} wef`q`~uo} a‐oswe{qnqèb} weu{ w{àtob`{ fn w{ef`dà{nqèb ln`}àhnfolobq ao de{mo{ moqqo cn{leb`}nqèb weu{ àt`qo{ fo} a`}qe{}èb} ao mebmu{{obmo obq{owu`}}nbmo} knf`}q`~uo}"

Fo} `lwà{nq`d} àmebel`~uo} ebq mowobanbq mebau`q ç ao {àof} ndd{ebqolobq} obq{o Àqnq}lolk{o}" Fn D{nbmo oq fo} Àqnq},_b`} ebq n`b}` febhuolobq a`}muqà ao} meba`qèb} ao fntobqo ao l`}}`fo} ao m{e`}`ã{o nus Ol`{nq} N{nko} _b`} anb} fo} nbbào} >007 oq ao}ae}}ò{} àobq`~uo} mebq`buobq ç ewwe}o{ Nlà{`mn`b} oq [u}}o}87" Fo LQM[ qobqo aomebm`fò{ fo} `lwà{nq`d} mello{m`nus ao} wu`}}nbmo} aeqào} a‐`bau}q{ò} l`}}`fo} oq fo}bàmo}}`qà} ao fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb ob nuqe{`}nbq fn l`}o }u{ fo ln{mcà ao }p}qãlo} oq }eu},}p}qãlo} beb aàqeu{bnkfo}& mous,m` b‐àqnbq wn} meb}àà{à} mello oswfe`qnkfo} weu{ ubq{nb}do{q }u{ a‐nuq{o} à~u`wolobq} eu anb} fo mna{o ao w{eh{nllo} ao {àq{e `bhàbò{ò 8>"

Anb} mo mebqosqo& fo} Àqnq},_b`} #mello a‐nuq{o} Oqnq} ” m‐o}q fo mn} ao fn D{nbmo ntom fo}

fe`} }u{ f‐oswe{qnqèb ao} lnqà{òf} ao huo{{o) a`}we}obq a‐euq`f} ao w{o}}èbmelwfàlobqn`{o} nu LQM[& fn }q{`mqo nwwf`mnqèb ao} @QN[ fou{ wo{loqqnbq a‐`bqo{dà{o{ntom fn l`}o }u{ fo ln{mcà ao fn wfuwn{q ao} à~u`wolobq} emmàobqnus ao cnuqo qomcbefehò"Fo} {àhfolobqnqèb} ao fn wfuwn{q ao} Oqnq} emmàobqnus fou{ wo{loqqobq ao dn`{o ao lêlo&kòb ~uo f‐nk}obmo ao lepob} {àau`}o meb}àà{nkfolobq fou{ mnwnm`qà ç dn`{o {o}womqo{ fokeb u}nho ao} f`mobmo}" Fo} a`to{hobmo} a‐nww{emco aotòbbobq mowobanbq `bmebm`f`nkfo}obq{o Àqnq} ç fn {omco{mco ao ln{mcà} weqobqòffolobq w{ef`dà{nbq} ln`} a`}we}nbq a‐ub}nte`{,dn`{o qomcbefeh`~uo fo} }nbmqun{`}nbq ao qeuqo wef`q`~uo ao w{o}}èb} eu ao }nbmqèb}"Fo} meewà{nqèb} {u}}e,`baòbbo} }u{ fo K{ncLe} obq{obq wn{ osolwfo anb} fo aeln`bo auLQM[ nu b`tonu ao belk{ous }p}qãlo} oq }eu},}p}qãlo} }nb} ~uo fo} Àqnq},_b`} bo

87 F‐ubo ao} {n{o} lnb`do}qnqèb} ao mo aàknq nwwn{nâq ao lnb`ã{o © }ol` edd`mòffo ¹ anb} fo {nwwe{q [ul}dofa& nuq`q{o ao} aemulobq} ao q{ntn`f deu{b`} wn{ fo} oswo{q}" Aob`} He{lfop p àm{`q n`b}` : © Mebdu}èb eto{ qco LQM[(}fnmi ed w{om`}èb `b aoqo{l`b`bh m{u`}o l`}}`fo {nbho lnp oswfn`b D{nbmo(} {omobq aom`}èb qe eddo{ qco Nwnmcon`{,fnubmcoa m{u`}o l`}}`fo qe qco _b`qoa N{nk Ol`{nqo}& ao}w`qo }q{ebh w{eqo}q kp qco _b`qoa ]qnqo}" _bao{ aotofewlobq }`bmo >030& qco Nwnmco `} leaufn{ `b ao}`hb nba x`ff ko w{eaumoa `b }oto{nf tn{`nbq}& nff ed xc`mcu}o qco }nlo n`{d{nlo" Qco }ce{q,{nbho tn{`nbq& xc`mc `} qco nwwn{obq oswe{q to{}èb& cn} n bel`bnf {nbho ed >17 il x`qc n wnpfena ed ?;7 ih& xc`mc }ool} qe wfnmo `q ubao{ qco LQM[(} =77,il,{nbho%?77,ih,wnpfena qc{o}cefa" Kuq kp qni`bh natnbqnho ed n c`hco{ df`hcq nfq`quao de{ n we{qèb ed `q} eto{nff df`hcq& Nwnmco(} }ce{q,{nbho tn{`nbq nwwon{} {ona`fp mnwnkfo ed melde{qnkfp osmooa`bh n {nbho ed =77 il x`qc `q} ?;7 ih wnpfena&xc`mc xeufa lnio Nwnmco n Mnqohe{p > l`}}`fo ¹" Mell`}}èb qe N}}o}} qco Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Qc{onq qe qco_b`qoa ]qnqo}& Nwwoba`s @@@: _bmfn}}`dòa Xe{i`bh Wnwo{}& Aobb`} L" He{lfop& © Q{nb}do{ Wnqcxnp} de{ M{u`}o

L`}}`fo} ¹& >003"8> Te`{ wn{ osolwfo f‐`bq{eaumqèb ao f‐nbboso au LQM[ #LQM[%QOL%;7>7%Nbbos%77;& >> qc Jubo ;7>7)& euobme{o fo }omeba wn{nh{nwco ao} a`{omq`to} au [àh`lo"






wu`}}obq odd`mnmolobq }‐p ewwe}o{ : fo} melwe}nbq} }ebq }wàm`d`~uolobq {u}}o} #aà{`tà} au]],B,;4 Pnicebq)& f`l`qnbq fo} oddoq} ao} lo}u{o} ao {àqe{}èb k`fnqà{nfo}" Fo w{ekfãlo }owe}o anb} fo} lêlo} qo{lo} weu{ fo} meewà{nqèb} }`be,qu{~uo} }u{ fo w{eh{nlloknf`}q`~uo J,477 Q& fo l`}}`fo àqnbq aà{`tà a‐ub K,4>> mc`be`}& aàf`kà{àlobq mebèu weu{ bo

wn} aàwn}}o{ fo} f`l`qo} au LQM[ #;37 il weu{ 1?7 ih ao mcn{ho uq`fo)& ln`} obq{nbq& anb}}n melwe}`qèb& anb} fo} m{`qã{o} au {àh`lo #àfàlobq} ao huànho& ao w{ewuf}èb& àfàlobq}}q{umqu{of}& oqm")" Fo} mn} {u}}o}& d{nbèn`} oq ç le`ba{o àhn{a mc`be`} loqqobq ob oso{huo fna`dd`m`fo melwnq`k`f`qà au LQM[ ntom fn feh`~uo a‐obq{ow{`}o weu{}u`tò wn{ mo{qn`b} Àqnq}weu{ hn{nbq`{ fo aàtofewwolobq ao fou{} `bau}q{ò} nà{e}wnq`nfo}& aàtofewwolobq aàwobanbqao mebq{nq} l`f`qn`{o} weqobqòffolobq w{ef`dà{nbq}"

@f o}q a‐n`ffou{} we}}`kfo ~uo fo} nwwàq`q} àmebel`~uo} mebau`}obq fo} Àqnq},_b`} ç àf`l`bo{fo} f`l`qo} fo} wfu} }àtã{o} `lwe}ào} wn{ fou{ w{ew{o fàh`}fnqèb nd`b ao {o}qnu{o{ fou{melwàq`q`t`qà }u{ mo{qn`b} ln{mcà} m{`q`~uo}" Nfe{} ~u‐`f} ntnòbq qobqà a‐`lwe}o{ ub mo{qn`bbelk{o ao mebq{n`bqo} ç f‐@bao fe{} ao fn bàhem`nqèb ao} w{olò{} h{nba} mebq{nq}

l`f`qn`{o} #qobqnq`to ao Oba,_}o{ To{`d`mnqèb Nh{oolobq ob ;773,;770 wu`} àtemnqèba‐ubo TO_ `baòbbo)& fn wo{}womq`to ao tobqo} ln}}`to} }u{ fo ln{mcà `baòb melk`bào nu{odu} {à`qà{à ao Box Aofc` ao }uk`{ ao} mebq{ñfo} ebq mebau`q fo} Àqnq},_b`} ç nknbaebbo{qeuqo w{àqobqèb ao mebq{ñfo" Ob jnbtò{ ;7>>& f‐ob}olkfo ao} obq{ow{`}o} `baòbbo} f`ào} nuaàtofewwolobq au }omqou{ }wnq`nf oq knf`}q`~uo w{à}obqo} }u{ f‐obq`qp f`}q au aàwn{qolobq auMello{mo8; ebq àqà {oq`{ào}8= oq f‐@bao wfnmào }u{ fo h{euwo ao} Àqnq} w{àdà{obqòf} aof‐ Oswe{q Nal`b`}q{nqèb Nmq #h{euwo N;)& ~u` ju}~u‐nfe{} bo mebqobn`q ~uo ao} Àqnq}lolk{o} au LQM[81" ]nb} }u{w{`}o& Xn}c`bhqeb }euqòbq aà}e{ln`} f‐nacà}èb ao f‐@baonu [àh`lo #~uo f‐@bao ek}o{to ao lnb`ã{o ub`fnqà{nfo aowu`} ;77?8?)& nacà}èb ~u`wo{loqq{n ao foto{ qeuqo} fo} nlk`huåqà} }eufotào} wn{ f‐nmquof © n}}euwf`}}olobq ¹"

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8; © Qco Oswe{q Nal`b`}q{nqèb [ohufnqèb} #ON[) mebqn`b n f`}q ed bnlo} ed mo{qn`b de{o`hb wo{}eb} ” `bmfua`bhku}`bo}}o}& {o}on{mc `b}q`quqèb}& heto{blobq nba w{`tnqo e{hnb`znqèb}& `ba`tàunf}& nba eqco{ qpwo} ed fohnf

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ON[" Eb nb `ba`tàunf kn}`}& qco wo{}eb} eb qco Obq`qp F`}q n{o }ukjomq qe f`mob}`bh {o~u`{olobq} nba wef`mò}}uwwfolobqnf qe qce}o deuba of}oxco{o `b qco ON[ ¹" Aàd`b`qèb ao f‐obq`qp f`}q & aebbào wn{ K@]& a`}web`kfo }u{cqqw:%%xxx"k`}"aem"het%obq`qò}%aodnufq"cql"8= ]e`q fo} obq{ow{`}o} N{lnlobq [o}on{mc nba Aotofewlobq O}qnkf`}clobq #A[AE) 9 Aodob}o [o}on{mc nbaAotofewlobq Fnk #A[AE) 9 Cpao{nkna L`}}`fo [o}on{mc nba Aotofewlobq Melwfos #A[AE) 9 ]efà ]qnqoWcp}`m} Fnke{nqe{p #A[AE) 9 F`~uà W{ewuf}èb ]p}qol} Mobqo{ #@][E) 9 ]efà W{ewoffnbq ]wnmo Kee}qo{ Wfnbq#]W[EK) #@][E) 9 ]{`cn{ìeqn ]wnmo Mobqo{ #@][E) 9 Tì{nl ]n{nkcn` ]wnmo Mobqo{ #@][E) 9 Kcn{nq Apbnl`m}F`l`qoa"81 cqqw:%%boxaofc`"u}olkn}}p"het%w{7>;?>>"cqlf8?

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d`bnbmolobq} bnqèbnus ebq ob oddoq {nwàolobq `bm`qà fo} `bau}q{ò} k{à}`fòbbo} #nu lêloq`q{o ~uo fo} `bau}q{ò} n{hobq`bo} anb} fo mna{o au w{eh{nllo Mebae{)& ç {omco{mco{ ao}d`bnbmolobq} osqà{òu{}& fo} w{`bm`wnus mfòbq} àqnbq ç f‐àtàobmo fo} Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq}88"F‐nqqàbunqèb ao fn melwàq`qèb ntom f‐N{hobq`bo oq fo }eu},d`bnbmolobq ao} `bau}q{ò}melk`bà} nus w{o}}èb} oso{mào} wn{ fo} Àqnq},_b`} wn{ f‐`bqo{làa`n`{o au LQM[ ebqmowobanbq mebau`q n ubo {nwào n}wcpsò ao f‐`bau}q{ò l`}}`f`ã{o k{à}`fòbbo wu`} nu{nww{emcolobq ntom fo LQM[" Fo mn} au K{à}`f aàlebq{o beb }oufolobq f‐uq`f`qà au{àh`lo dnmo nus wu`}}nbmo} knf`}q`~uo} àlo{hobqo} aàwobanbqo} au ln{mcà `bqo{bnqèbnf&ln`} àhnfolobq fn ju}qo}}o ao f‐`b}q{ulobqnf`}nqèb wef`q`~uo au {àh`lo anb} mo qpwo aomebd`hu{nqèb" Ob oddoq& `f ouq àqà w{eknkfolobq le`b} w{eaumq`d a‐nwwf`~uo{ nu K{à}`f ubofomqu{o {o}q{`mq`to au LQM[ oq a‐os`ho{ ub {obebmolobq melwfoq nus nmq`t`qà} }wnq`nfo}~uo a‐nmmowqo{ fo ln`bqòb a‐ubo d`f`ã{o }wnq`nfo m`t`fo& }eu} wo`bo ao fo te`{ {odu}o{ qeuqmelw{el`}" N q`q{o ao melwn{n`}eb& }` ubo qoffo aà}q{umqu{nqèb n wu êq{o ekqobuo aof‐N{hobq`bo& fo} w{o}}èb} nlà{`mn`bo} weu{ aàlnbqofo{ fo mobq{o ao Dnfan aof Mn{lob #}`qoao w{eaumqèb au Mebae{)& ~u`& au we`bq ao tuo n{hobq`b aotn`q wo{loqq{o ubo {ofnbmo ao}nmq`t`qà} }wnq`nfo}& }‐àqnòbq cou{qào} ç ubo d`b ao beb,{omote`{ }p}qàlnq`~uo83"

Qeuqode`}& nfe{} ~uo mo{qn`b} o}q`lnòbq ~uo f‐`bqàh{nqèb au K{à}`f nu LQM[ ob qnbq ~uowu`}}nbmo }wnq`nfo nmmobqun`q làmnb`~uolobq fo {`}~uo ao aàtofewwolobq a‐ubomelwe}nbqo knf`}q`~uo oq aebm fo {`}~uo w{ef`dà{nbq #nww{emco nfe{} aàdobauo wn{ fo}nal`b`}q{nqèb} [onhnb oq Ku}c)80& f‐nqqàbunqèb ao} w{o}}èb} ao }àmu{`qà ju}q`d`nbq foaàtofewwolobq a‐ubo mnwnm`qà bnqèbnfo #d`b ao fn melwàq`qèb ntom f‐N{hobq`bo)&f‐àq{e`qo}}o au ln{mcà knf`}q`~uo fàhnf& fo} {oqelkào} àmebel`~uo} àtàobqo} f`ào} nu{o}womq au LQM[ oq fo} {`}~uo} àmebel`~uo} oq wef`q`~uo} f`à} ç fn w{ef`dà{nqèb ebq mebau`qf‐`bau}q{ò k{à}`fòbbo ç }o }wàm`nf`}o{ }u{ ao} b`mco} #fnbmo,{e~uoqqo} ao qpwo N}q{e} @@)wfuqñq ~u‐ç aàtofewwo{ ao lnb`ã{o nuqebelo ao} nmq`t`qà} aunfo}" ]` fo K{à}`f a`}we}oobme{o a‐ub }omqou{ }wnq`nf& fo {`}~uo w{ef`dà{nbq we}à wn{ mofu`,m` o}q aà}e{ln`}{ofnq`tolobq dn`kfo& fo w{eh{nllo àqnbq q{ã} aàwobanbq ao f‐n}}`}qnbmo `bqo{bnqèbnfo" @fos`}qo bànble`b} oq& ao mo we`bq ao tuo& `f o}q `baàb`nkfo ~uo f‐nww{emco beb meo{m`q`to auLQM[ dnte{`}o f‐àlo{hobmo a‐nmqou{} `bau}q{òf} lufq`wfo} a`}we}nbq a‐ub weqobqòfw{ef`dà{nbq {àof" Mo weqobqòf o}q qeuqode`} q{ã} mebq{n`bq wn{ fo} fàh`}fnqèb} bnqèbnfo}#l`}o} ç b`tonu anb} fo mna{o ao f‐nacà}èb oq wà{èa`~uolobq {àt`}ào})& wn{ fo}

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kn}o bnqèbnfo& }nb} f`mobmo} nlà{`mn`bo}" Anb} mo mn} ao d`hu{o wn{q`mufò{& fo} a`dd`mufqà}~u` aàmeufo{nòbq ao f‐osmfu}èb ao fn [u}}ò au LQM[ eu moffo} f`ào} nu dn`q ao fu``lwe}o{ ub {àh`lo ao }nbmqèb} ao}q`bà ç juhufo{ }o} nmq`t`qà} w{ef`dà{nbqo} mebau`q fnfeh`~uo ao }euqòb au }omqou{ `bau}q{òf wn{ f‐oswe{qnqèb& aebq fn [u}}ò bo wouq }o wn}}o{&ç obq{o{ a`{omqolobq ob mebdf`q ntom fo} obhnholobq} au LQM[& }nb} ~uo ao} lepob} aow{o}}èb} wn{nffãfo} wu`}}obq êq{o uq`folobq nwwf`~uào}" Ob >008& }e`q aous nb} nw{ã} ~uo fn[u}}ò n`q àqà nal`}o nu }o`b au LQM[& Nfosnbao{ Wìnpot #nfe{} meb}o`ffo{ ao fnMell`}}èb ao aàdob}o ao fn Aeuln) nbbebèn`q n`b}` aàjç mo ~uo }o{n`q f‐nww{emco {u}}oanb} fo} nbbào} ç tob`{ : © [ohn{a`bh qco LQM[& qco{o n{o }oto{nf `}}uo} xc`mc qc{onqob qeubao{l`bo [u}}`n(} naco{obmo" Ebo w{ekfol fò} `b qco dnmq qcnq LQM[ {o}q{`mqèb} cnto}`hb`d`mnbqfp nfqo{oa q{na`qèbnf [u}}`nb l`}}`fo oswe{q wef`mp" Qco {oe{òbqnqèb ed [u}}`nboswe{q mebq{ef} xn} n to{p a`dd`mufq qn}i& nba& ed meu{}o& `q xn} beq }u{w{`}`bh qcnq qco{oxo{o }elo lnje{ a`dd`mufqò} `b lea`dp`bh qco {ufo} ed [u}}`nb l`}}`fo oswe{q}& beqnkfp qcom{pehob`m l`}}`fo aonf x`qc @ba`n `b >00;,>001" Qc`} {oe{òbqnqèb `} o}wom`nffp `lwe{qnbq&komnu}o qco [u}}`nb l`}}`fo `bau}q{p `} wo{cnw} qco ebfp `bau}q{`nf }omqe{ xc`mc we}}o}}o}c`hc qomcbefehp nba qomcbefeh`mnf melwoq`q`tobo}} `b `bqo{bnqèbnf ln{ioq}" @b [u}}`n(}mu{{obq omebel`m }`qunqèb& l`}}`fo oswe{q} n{o meb}ào{oa qe ko m{`q`mnf qe qco }u{t`tnf ed qc`} `bau}q{p nba qe qco }u{t`tnf ed [u}}`n(} c`hc,qomc mnwnk`f`qp ¹37" A`s nb} wfu} qn{a fomeb}qnq {o}qo fo lêlo3> oq }‐nwwf`~uo w{eknkfolobq ntom nuqnbq ao de{mo ç f‐_i{n`bo3;"

Fo w{ekfãlo o}q nlobà ç }‐àqoba{o& f‐`bau}q{ò ou{ewàobbo qobqnbq ao }‐ndd{nbmc`{ aof‐@QN[ }u{ mo{qn`b} }omqou{} }q{nqàh`~uo} #wcàbelãbo © @QN[ d{oo ¹ anb} fo aeln`bo}nqoff`qn`{o wn{ osolwfo) oq mo{qn`b} `bau}q{òf} àfnke{nbq ao} }efuqèb} oswfe`qnbq}p}qàlnq`~uolobq ao} melwe}nbq} m`t`f}" Au we`bq ao tuo nlà{`mn`b& fo wcàbelãbo @QN[

d{oo n aàjç ub `lwnmq qnbh`kfo ob qo{lo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb& fo w{eh{nllo Kfuo Fnbqo{b3= lebq{nbq aowu`} ;770 ub nmm{e`}}olobq }womqnmufn`{o au beb {o}womq ao} @QN[ ntom fo}

37 @bqo{tobqèb ao Nfosnbao{ Wìnpot& anb} fn }omebao qnkfo {ebao #Meubqn`b`bh L`}}`fo W{ef`do{nqèb) au}àl`bn`{o ao fn Mn{bohò Obaexlobq de{ Wonmo& ]q{nqoh`m N{l} Mebq{ef , Lelobq ed Aom`}èb 5& >> ju`b >008#cqqw:%%xxx"wef`mpn{mc`qomq}"e{h%n{q`mfo}%w{emooa`bh}"`baos"cqlf)3> © Qco aodob}o `bau}q{p melwfos `} wo{cnw} qco ebfp }omqe{ qcnq meufa cofw [u}}`n oddomq`tofp `bqoh{nqo `bqe qcohfeknf omebelp" Qco aodob}o `bau}q{p melwfos #A@M) cn} }u{t`toa nba mebq`buo} qe os`}q ln`bfp qcnbi} qe qcooswe{q ed n{l} nba l`f`qn{p o~u`wlobq" Qco wo{mo`toa w{ed`qnk`f`qp ed qc`} oswe{q }omqe{& cexoto{& `} osnhho{nqoa"Qco w{ed`qnk`f`qp ed qco oswe{q ed n{l} nba l`f`qn{p o~u`wlobq qeanp `} mebq`bhobq eb qco zo{e me}q ed w{eaumqèbn}}oq} `bco{`qoa d{el qco ]etòq _bèb9 qco xe{i de{mo q{n`boa `b qco ]etòq o{n& nba qco }qemi ed melwfoqoa {o}on{mc w{ejomq} nxn`q`bh nwwf`mnqèb qcnq n{o beq `bmfuaoa `bqe w{eaumqèb me}q}" Poq& `b fnubmc`bh box

w{eaumq}& A@M obqo{w{`}o} x`ff cnto qe wnp de{ [$A w{ejomq}& box o~u`wlobq& nba wo{}ebbof q{n`b`bh" Qc`} x`ff}cn{wfp {oaumo qco melwoq`q`tobo}} nba omebel`m odd`mòbmp ed qco oswe{q ed n{l} nba l`f`qn{p o~u`wlobq" Cobmoqco booa de{ n dn{,{onmc`bh {ode{l ed qco obq`{o melwfos ¹ Tfna`l`{ [uknbet& © Eb qco Meewo{nqèb x`qc BNQE`b Aodob}o @bau}q{p ¹& @bqo{bnqèbnf Nddn`{}& b· 4& ;774"3; Nu,aofç ao} q{nd`m} }uwwe}à} ntom f‐@{nb oq fn Mc`bo #Ic,??)& Iòt lebq{o ao} {àq`mobmo} àtàobqo} ç nwwf`~uo{fo [àh`lo& fo} Àqnq},_b`} f‐nmmu}nbq ao }o f`t{o{ ç ao} q{nb}do{q} ao mnqàhe{ò @" Te`{ wn{ osolwfo Xì`Foni}Mnkfohnqo: _i{n`bo `hbe{o} _] ekjomqèb eb l`}}`fo qomcbefehp q{nb}do{ qe @ba`n oq aemulobq Xì`foni} }u{cqqw:%%`kbf`to"`b"mel%box}%xì`foni},mnkfohnqo,ui{n`bo,`hbe{o},u},ekjomqèb,eb,l`}}`fo,qomcbefehp,q{nb}do{,qe,

`ba`n%>=48?;,?="cqlf 3= W{eh{nllo we{qnbq }u{ fn tà{`d`mnqèb ao fn kebbo nwwf`mnqèb ao} @QN[ weu{ fo} obq{ow{`}o} oswfe`qnbq ao}f`mobmo} nlà{`mn`bo}"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O =7

obq{ow{`}o} ou{ewàobbo} nwwf`~unbq ao} w{eh{nllo} @QN[ d{oo oq ub nmm{e`}}olobq aumello{mo a‐à~u`wolobq} juhà} mello }q{nqàh`~uo} to{} fn Mc`bo" Mo{qo}& fo} @QN[ bowoutobq êq{o {omebbuo} mello ub àqnfeb `bqo{bnqèbnf ob lnq`ã{o ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb&ln`} fn meåbmàobmo ao} aous wcàbelãbo} #@QN[ d{oo ” {ofnbmo au mello{mo }q{nqàh`~uo

ntom fn Mc`bo) o}q bànble`b} beqnkfo31& qeuq mello fo {odu} m{e`}}nbq ao} `bau}q{ò}ou{ewàobbo} ao meewà{o{ ntom fo} Àqnq},_b`} anb} fo mna{o ao Kfuo Fnbqo{b oq fou{ tefebqàao hà{o{ fou{ mello{mo }u`tnbq fo} {ãhfo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb le`b} mebq{n`hbnbqo} weu{offo}" ]` moqqo qobanbmo {`}~uo ao b‐nte`{ ~u‐ub `lwnmq bàhf`honkfo anb} fo aeln`boknf`}q`~uo& offo weu{{n`q nddomqo{ wfu} boqqolobq fo} qomcbefehò} ao} l`}}`fo} ao m{e`}`ã{o oqao} _NT"

Fo} f`l`qo} osehãbo} au LQM[ :fo} àtefuqèb} mnwnm`qn`{o} ao} Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq}

Nu,aofç ao }o} f`l`qo} obaehãbo}& fo LQM[ te`q }n we{qào f`l`qào wn{ f‐àlo{hobmo aobeutonus nmqou{} àmcnwwnbq qeqnfolobq nus be{lo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb" @b}ob}`kfolobq&fo} qomcbefehò} l`}}`fo} }o a`ddu}obq anb} f‐ob}olkfo au lebao }u`tnbq q{e`} }mcàln}w{`bm`wnus& ~uo f‐eb weu{{n`q ~unf`dò{ ao }mcàln wu{olobq w{ef`dà{nbq& ao }mcàlnw{ef`dà{nbq,meewà{nq`d oq ao }mcàln meewà{nq`d"

Fo }mcàln w{ef`dà{nbq mfn}}`~uo

Fo }mcàln w{ef`dà{nbq o}q kòb mebbu& oq o}q d`bnfolobq }nb} aeuqo fo le`b} w{ekfàlnq`~uo"]` ub mo{qn`b belk{o a‐Àqnq} ebq oq mebq`buobq ao tèfo{ fou{} obhnholobq} ob weu{}u`tnbqao} q{nb}do{q} `bau}q{òf} oq qomcbefeh`~uo} to{} fo} Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq}& fo} mn} be{a,me{àob}

oq `{nbòb} aàlebq{obq& anb} mo{qn`b} ao fou{} n}womq}& beb }oufolobq f‐oddomq`t`qà hfeknfoao} lo}u{o} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb ln`} àhnfolobq fo {`}~uo leaà{à ~uo {ow{à}obqo ub Àqnq`}efà& ub`~uolobq nf`lobqà wn{ fn d`f`ã{o w{ef`dà{nbqo anb} fo aàtofewwolobq ao }o}mnwnm`qà} knf`}q`~uo}"

]` f‐e{`h`bo edd`mòffo ao} mnwnm`qà} `bau}q{òffo} ao fn Me{ào au Be{a ob lnq`ã{o knf`}q`~uoo}q edd`mòffolobq f`ào ç f‐`lwe{qnqèb ao l`}}`fo} ]mua àhpwqòb} anb} fo meu{nbq ao}nbbào} >037& `f o}q n}}oz w{eknkfo ~uo fn qcàe{ò ao [eko{q ]mclumio{ }u{ f‐`lwe{qnqèba‐ub melwfoso `bau}q{òf melwfoq ob w{etobnbmo ao [u}}ò }e`q wfu} {ànf`}qo3?" Moqqoqcàe{ò wo{loq a‐oswf`~uo{ mellobq fn Me{ào au Be{a n wu aàtofewwo{ fn d`f`ã{o ]mua }nb}o}}n` oq w{eau`{o ubo dnl`ffo ao aà{`tà} {ofnq`tolobq d`nkfo}" Offo oswf`~uo àhnfolobq fn

w{etobnbmo au Be Aebh& aebq fo leqou{ }olkfo q{ã} w{emco ao} w{eau`q} aàtofewwà} wn{ foku{onu a‐àquao {u}}o @}nòt #[,>? eu [,>3%[,>0)34 anb} fo} nbbào} >0?7" Eb {nwwoffo{nweu{ melwn{n`}eb ~uo f‐@{ni& b‐o}q wn{tobu ~u‐ç lea`dò{ fo ]mua ob Nf,Cu}}o`b ~u‐nw{ã}

31 Te`{ weu{ wfu} ao aàqn`f fo Oba,_}o Leb`qe{`bh ed Aodob}o N{q`mfo} nba Aodob}o ]o{t`mo} Mello{m`nf Oswe{q}DP ;770³A`{omqe{nqo ed Aodob}o Q{nao Mebq{ef}& _"]" Aown{qlobq ed ]qnqo"3? [eko{q C" ]mclumio{& ={a Xe{fa L`}}`fo Aotofewlobq , N Box N}}o}}lobq Kn}oa eb _B]MEL Dòfa

Oswo{òbmo nba Anqn Otnfunqèb& qosqo w{à}obqà ç fn >;qc Lufq`bnqèbnf Mebdo{obmo eb Qconqo{ L`}}`fo Aodob}o&[o}weba`bh qe nb O}mnfnq`bh Qc{onq& Oa`bkeu{h& Ome}}o& >000"

34 Te`{ ç mo }ujoq fo} a`ddà{obq} mellobqn`{o} }u{ N{l} Mebq{ef Xebi #cqqw:%%weffnmi"n{l}mebq{efxebi"mel% n{mc`to%;171%xcnq,`},be{qc,ie{on,mnwnkfo,ed )" Te`{ àhnfolobq }u{ mo} ~uo}qèb} Anbòf N" W`bi}qeb& Qco Be{qcIe{onb Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo W{eh{nl& ew" m`q"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O =>

ubo a`zn`bo a‐o}}n`} oq wn{ fn mnbb`knf`}nqèb a‐obt`{eb 87 ]mua38" Ao dn`q& }` f‐eb nmmowqof‐cpweqcã}o ao [" ]mclumio{& fo mn} be{a,me{àob #oq wn{ {`memcoq& fo mn} `{nbòb ob mo ~u`mebmo{bo fo} ]cncnk >& ; oq =) bo {ow{à}obqo wn} osnmqolobq ub mn} ao aàtofewwolobqw{ef`dà{nbq ln`} ub mn} ao w{eaumqèb }eu} f`mobmo mnleudfà" Fn bunbmo o}q `lwe{qnbqo&

wu`}~uo nw{ã} ~uo fo} nuqe{`qà} {u}}o} ou{obq {o}qnu{à ub wfu} h{nba mebq{ñfo }u{ fo}nmq`t`qà} ao} ku{onus a‐àquao} oq ~uo fo} q{nb}do{q} qomcbefeh`~uo} `bmebq{ñfà} }o du}}obqqn{`}& fn Me{ào au Be{a n {obmebq{à fo} wfu} h{nbao} a`dd`mufqà} ç dn`{o àtefuo{ fn d`f`ã{o]mua to{} ao} w{ewuf}èb} wfu} odd`mnmo}" Fo} a`ddà{obqo} qobqnq`to} weu{ loqq{o nu we`bqao} @MKL b‐ebq dn`q ~u‐oswfe`qo{ moqqo d`f`ã{o& ntom f‐nwwe{q we}}`kfo ao qomcbefehò} ao[,;8 #]],B,4)& offo} nu}}` w{eknkfolobq `lwe{qào} anb} fo} nbbào} >00733" ]ofeb mo{qn`bo}cpweqcã}o}& fo Qnowe Aebh ; melk`bo{n`q fo} aous d`f`ã{o}& fo w{olò{ àqnho àqnbq melwe}àa‐ub n}}olkfnho ao leqou{} ao Be Aebh ob dnheq oq fo} }omeba oq ao{bò{ àqnho} àqnbqaà{`tà} au [,;830" Fo aàtofewwolobq au Lu}nanb07 fn`}}o }uwwe}o{ }e`q ~uo fn Me{ào auBe{a a`}we}o ao} mnwnm`qà} `bau}q{òffo} oq qomcb`~uo} }udd`}nbqo} weu{ lea`dò{ fo l`}}`fo ”cpweqcã}o {ofnq`tolobq `lw{eknkfo& }e`q ~uo fn lea`d`mnqèb oq fo} o}}n`} ~u` f‐ebqbàmo}}n`{olobq nmmelwnhbà ebq àqà {ànf`}à} n`ffou{}"

F‐@{nb }olkfo }o cou{qo{ nus lêlo} a`dd`mufqà} anb} fn tnfe{`}nqèb au ]cncnk,=#à~u`tnfobq au Be aebh)& oq bo }olkfo wn} a`}we}o{ ao} melwàqobmo} qomcb`~uo} fu`wo{loqqnbq ao fo dn`{o àtefuo{ to{} ao} tomqou{} wfu} wu`}}nbq}" Fo fnbmou{ }wnq`nf ]nd`{& ~u`}olkfo fu` nu}}` melk`bo{ fo} qomcbefehò} ao} d`f`ã{o} ]mua%Be Aebh& }ofeb ub }mcàlnmowobanbq a`ddà{obq au Qnowe Aebh #fo w{olò{ àqnho }o{n`q à~u`wà au w{ewuf}ou{ auHcna{,>& aà{`tà au leqou{ au Beaebh)& oq [,;8 #nmmeuwfolobq ao leqou{} to{bò{} au[,;8 weu{ fo }omeba àqnho)& nwwn{nâq ao mo we`bq ao tuo wfu} mello ub aàleb}q{nqou{ ~uomello ub fnbmou{ ç mnwnm`qà l`f`qn`{o& fn mnbb`knf`}nqèb au [,;8 bo weutnbq êq{omeb}àà{ào mello ubo }efuqèb `bau}q{òffo au{nkfo" Fn mebmowqèb au ]`le{hc,=&melwe}à ao leqou{} ao ]cncnk,= n}}olkfà} ob dnheq& aebbo ubo `ba`mnqèb }uwwfàlobqn`{oao} f`l`qo} w{eknkfo} {obmebq{ào} anb} fn tnfe{`}nqèb ao} leqou{} au ]cncnk,= oq%eu anb}f‐`bau}q{`nf`}nqèb ao} melwe}nbq} au [,;8 eu a‐ub àtobquof leqou{ ç w{ewuf}èb f`~uào`}}u} a‐ubo d`f`ã{o nfqo{bnq`to" Fo} qobqnq`to} a‐nanwqnqèb au ]cncnk,= ç ao} w{ewo{hef}wfu} odd`mnmo}& ao qpwo _ALC& ~u` ou{obq wo{l`} ao meb}o{to{ fn lêlo dnl`ffo aow{ewuf}ou{& }olkfobq àhnfolobq nte`{ àmceuà0>" F‐àlo{hobmo a‐ubo d`f`ã{o ao w{ewuf}èb}efào t`nkfo wouq àhnfolobq oswf`~uo{ fo we}}`kfo {obebmolobq ao f‐@{nb anb} foaàtofewwolobq a‐ubo d`f`ã{o f`~uào wfu} àtefuào& kòb ~uo fn w{ewuf}èb f`~uào w{à}obqowfu} ao dnm`f`qà} weu{ mebmote`{ ao} fnbmou{} feu{a} ç temnqèb `bqo{mebq`bobqnfo"

38 [" C" ]mclumio{& ew" m`q" Wn{ n`ffou{}& `f dnuq `b`q`nfolobq ç f‐@{ni ~unq{o ]mua weu{ meb}q{u`{o q{e`} Nf Cu}}o`b&f‐àtefuqèb ao} euq`f} `bau}q{òf} wo{loqqnbq a‐nqqo`ba{o ub {nwwe{q ao ub weu{ ub ç fn d`b ao} nbbào} >037"Wn{nffãfolobq& fn {àq{e `bhàbò{ò au ]N,; #w{eh{nllo Nknk`f)& obq{ow{`}o wfu} melwfoso ~uo f‐nffebholobq aofn we{qào au ]mua& }‐o}q {àtàfào konumeuw wfu} a`dd`m`fo& ob aàw`q ao fn le`ba{o we{qào oq ao fn mcn{ho wfu} dn`kfoau l`}}`fo" Te`{ weu{ wfu} ao aàqn`f} _BLET@M& Melwobaùl& Qco L`}}`fo W{eh{nllo33 Te`{ Antà X{`hcq& © ]om{oqn{p Hnqo} nba qco Be{qc Ie{onb L`}}`fo Qc{onq ¹& =3 Be{qc& ;8 jnbtò{ ;7>>"30 @kà"07 Aà{`tà au [,;8& ln`} }uk}qnbqòffolobq wfu} febh ~uo mofu`,m`" F‐`bq{eaumqèb ao mo l`}}`fo anb} f‐n{}obnfbe{a,me{àob }eufãto ao belk{ou}o} `bqo{{ehnqèb}& fo l`}}`fo b‐npnbq nwwn{ollobq wn} àqà qo}qà"

0> Mcn{fo} W" T`mi& Qco Mfe}ofp [ofnqoa Meffnke{nq`to @{nb`nb& Be{qc Ie{onb $ Wni`}qnb` ]q{nqoh`m ]wnmo& Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo nba Bumfon{ Xonweb W{eh{nl $ ]qnqo Wfnbb`bh 9 Ewob ]eu{mo O}q`lnqo& Hfeknf}omu{`qp"e{h&;7 ln{} ;77?& l`} ç jeu{ fo >o{ ln` ;773"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O =;

@f b‐o}q wn} `buq`fo ao }euf`hbo{ fn {ofnq`to `bodd`mnm`qà ao fn d`f`ã{o w{ef`dà{nbqo mfn}}`~uo oqao fn a`}q`bhuo{ ao} nuq{o} d`f`ã{o}& wfu} wo{de{lnbqo}" Moqqo `bodd`mnm`qà aàlebq{o ~uof‐nwwf`mnqèb oddomq`to ao lo}u{o} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb wouq w{eau`{o ao} {à}ufqnq} q{ã}mebm{oq}& ob aàw`q ao} nwwn{obmo}" Eb {nwwoffo{n ~uo fn dnlou}o o}q`lnqèb ao fn M@N ao

>00? #B@O 0?,>0)& w{àtepnbq f‐nk}obmo ao lobnmo knf`}q`~uo mebq{o fo qo{{`qe`{o nlà{`mn`bç f‐ce{`zeb ;7>70;& }‐o}q {àtàfào wn{dn`qolobq osnmqo& ob aàw`q a‐ub aàfuho ao m{`q`~uo}0=&w{eknkfolobq wn{mo ~uo fo} }ouf} Àqnq} ~u` obt`}nhobq ao aàtofewwo{ ubo mnwnm`qàknf`}q`~uo mnwnkfo ao meut{`{ fo qo{{`qe`{o nlà{`mn`b }ebq ao} Àqnq} q{ã} aàwobanbq} ao}d`f`ã{o} w{ef`dà{nbqo} mfn}}`~uo}" Ao dn`q& fn tn{`nkfo a‐nju}qolobq ao} w{eh{nllo}w{ef`dà{nbq} o}q wfu} f`ào nu }euqòb ~uo fo} Àqnq} `bau}q{`nf`}à} woutobq ç nwwe{qo{ ç mo}w{eh{nllo} ~u‐ç fn mnwnm`qà ao aàtofewwolobq `ba`hãbo& q{ã} leao}qo aã} ~u‐`f }‐nh`qa‐obh`b} knf`}q`~uo} ao lepobbo oq ao febhuo we{qào"

Fo }mcàln w{ef`dà{nbq,meewà{nq`d

Qeuqode`}& `f o}q w{eknkfo ~uo fn Me{ào au Be{a {ow{à}obqo aà}e{ln`} fo }ouf wnp} ekà`}}nbqç ubo feh`~uo ao aàtofewwolobq ao qpwo w{ef`dà{nbq mfn}}`~uo" Fo }womqnmufn`{o }ummã} ao fndnl`ffo ao} ]ojj`f qoba ç w{euto{ ~uo f‐@{nb a`}we}o& ntom fn d`f`ã{o ao} w{ewuf}èb} }efào}&a‐ubo mnwnm`qà ao w{eaumqèb nfqo{bnq`to" @b`q`nfolobq aàtofewwào anb} fo} nbbào} >037ntom fo }euqòb ao fn Mc`bo weu{ fn w{eaumqèb ao {e~uoqqo} ao qpwo H{na& ln`} àhnfolobqao} kee}qo{ ao} Qeban{ 43 #M]],3& aà{`tà }ef,}ef au ]N,;)& fn melwe}nbqo }efào aof‐`bau}q{ò ao w{ewuf}èb `{nbòbbo }olkfo nte`{ mebbu ubo {àoffo lnqu{nqèb& fo}w{eh{nllo} ao l`}}`fo} }‐àqnbq lufq`wf`à} #Hcna{,>7>& Hcna{ >>7,N%N}cu{n& ]ojj`f) obwn{nffãfo nus w{eh{nllo} ao {e~uoqqo} feu{ao} #Zofznf& Dnqoc,>>7)" @f o}q wfu} ~uo w{eknkfo~u‐ubo n}}`}qnbmo àq{nbhã{o {ofnq`tolobq ln}}`to n`q mebq{`kuà ç fn l`}o nu we`bq ao mo}

}p}qãlo}& fn }eu{mo }uwwe}ào àqnbq }`be,wni`}qnbn`}o

01

" ]` moqqo n}}`}qnbmo aolou{ow{eknkfolobq o}}obqòffo }u{ mo{qn`b} melwe}nbq} #lnq`ã{o} w{ol`ã{o}& }p}qãlo} aohuànho& }eu},}p}qãlo} bàmo}}`qnbq ao} melwe}nbq} }wàm`nus ” aàdfomqou{} ao joq&obtofewwo} qco{l`~uo}& }q{umqu{o} l`}}`fo} ln`} nu}}`& }u{ ub wfnb wfu} hàbà{nf& }p}qãlo}ao huànho)& fo} Oqnq},_b`} o}q`lobq ~uo f‐@{nb a`}we}o{n`q aà}e{ln`} a‐ubo mnwnm`qà aow{eaumqèb nuqebelo nu b`tonu ao} }p}qãlo} ao w{ewuf}èb0? ln`} àhnfolobq anb} fn

0; © Be meubq{p& eqco{ qcnb qco lnje{ aomfn{oa bumfon{ wexo{}& x`ff aotofew e{ eqco{x`}o nm~u`{o n knff`}q`m

l`}}`fo `b bosq >? pon{} qcnq meufa qc{onqob qco mebq`hueu} 13 }qnqo} e{ Mnbnan" Be{qc Ie{on `} ubfìofp qeekqn`b qco qomcbefeh`mnf mnwnk`f`qp qe aotofew n febho{ {nbho ewo{nqèbnf @MKL Y""\" Be{qc Ie{on xeufa cnto qeeto{melo }`hb`d`mnbq cu{afo} qe melwfoqo }umc n w{eh{nl& wn{q`mufn{fp h`tob qco wef`q`mnf nba omebel`mubmo{qn`bqò} nba qomcbefeh`mnf mcnffobho} `q dnmo} Y""\" Xo n{o fìofp qe aoqomq nb `ba`hobeu} febh {nbho knff`}q`ml`}}`fo w{eh{nl lnbp pon{} kode{o aowfeplobq ¹" A`{omqe{ ed Mobq{nf @bqoff`hobmo& Olo{h`bh L`}}`fo Qc{onq} qe

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D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O ==

w{eaumqèb ao }p}qãlo} ao huànho04" Moqqo àtnfunqèb& w{eknkfolobq mebqo}qnkfo anb} foaàqn`f& qoba ç êq{o mebd`{lào wn{ fo} nbnfp}o} osqo{bo}& ubo {àmobqo àquao ao f‐ @bqo{bnqèbnf

@b}q`quqo ed ]q{nqoh`m ]quaò} ao Feba{o} o}q`lnbq ~u‐`f b‐os`}qo wn} ao d`f`nqèb a`{omqoobq{o fo} ]ojj`f oq fo} à~u`tnfobq} wni`}qnbn`} oq mc`be`} #]cncoob,;& L,0%L,>>%L,>3)08"

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© Qco aotofewlobq nba w{eaumqèb ed }efà,w{ewoffnbq {emioq leqe{} {o~u`{o} nmmo}} qe}u`qnkfo mcol`mnf} de{ }efà,w{ewoffnbq}& `"o"& esà`zo{}& loqnf wexao{}& k`bao{ nhobq}&

we}}`kfo naa`q`to}& nba mu{`bh nhobq}" @b naa`qèb& ebo lu}q cnto qco lonb} qe l`s qco}omcol`mnf} `b fn{ho qnbi}& mn}q qcol `bqe }u`qnkfo }cnwo}& nba mu{o qco }efà,w{ewoffnbq h{n`b} x`qceuq m{nmi`bh" Onmc ed qco}o }qow} `} cnzn{aeu} nba {o~u`{o} mn{oduf

w{eaumqèb loqcea}" Ndqo{ }efà,w{ewoffnbq leqe{ h{n`b} cnto koob mu{oa& qcop u}unffpn{o `b}womqoa de{ `lwo{domqèb} u}`bh fn{ho s,{np lnmc`bo} nba eqco{ ~unf`qp mebq{efqomcb`~uo}" #Xc`fo lumc ed qc`} o~u`wlobq `} `bmfuaoa eb qco LQM[ mebq{ef f`}q& @{nbnwwn{obqfp cn} koob nkfo qe nm~u`{o e{ `ba`hobeu}fp w{eaumo qco}o `qol}& e{ ae x`qceuq

qcol" @d @{nb aeo} beq cnto nao~unqo lon}u{o} de{ ~unf`qp mebq{ef& qco {of`nk`f`qp ed qco`{ }efà,w{ewoffnbq knff`}q`m l`}}`fo} xeufa }uddo{& o}wom`nffp n} qco leqe{} nho") @{nb nf}ecn} aoleb}q{nqoa qcnq `q cn} ln}qo{oa qco w{emo}} ed `b}ufnq`bh qco leqe{ mn}o nba mn}q`bh qco w{ewoffnbq h{n`b `bqe qco leqe{ mn}o& weqobq`nffp a`dd`mufq }qow} `b qcomeb}q{umqèb ed fn{ho }efà,w{ewoffnbq leqe{}" @b naa`qèb& @{nb cn} aoleb}q{nqoa qconk`f`qp qe lnio }q{ebh leqe{ mn}`bh}& le}q fìofp u}`bh }qoof `b qco ]ojj`f l`}}`fo& nba qconk`f`qp qe ao}`hb }efà,w{ewoffnbq {emioq bezzfo}‑n }qow qcnq `} melwf`mnqoa komnu}o ed qco c`hcfp o{e}`to oscnu}q hn}o} `b }efà,w{ewoffnbq {emioq leqe{}" D`bnffp& @{nb cn}aoleb}q{nqoa qco u}o ed }u`qnkfo `hb`qo{} nba qc{u}q qo{l`bnqèb we{q}& keqc ed xc`mc n{o{o~u`{oa de{ {of`nkfo }efà,w{ewoffnbq knff`}q`m l`}}`fo wo{de{lnbmo ¹03"

Mo} o}q`lnqèb} ae`tobq êq{o qolwà{ào}& f‐@{nb nwwn{n`}}nbq obme{o q{ã} aàwobanbq au}euqòb àq{nbho{" Ob ;770 fo Aowuqp A`{omqe{ ed Bnqèbnf @bqoff`hobmo mebd`{ln`q fo}w{eh{ã} ao} `bau}q{ò} `{nbòbbo} ob qo{lo} a‐nuqebelò ln`} àhnfolobq fou{ aàwobanbmowo{}`}qnbqo ç f‐àhn{a ao} nào} àq{nbhã{o} : © N}}`}qnbmo d{el obq`qò} d{el Mc`bn nba Be{qcIe{on& n} xoff n} n}}`}qnbmo d{el [u}}`nb obq`qò} nq fon}q `b qco wn}q& cn} cofwoa @{nbleto qexn{a }ofd,}udd`mòbmp `b qco w{eaumqèb ed knff`}q`m l`}}`fo}" @{nb }q`ff {oln`b}aowobanbq eb de{o`hb }uwwfò{} de{ }elo iop l`}}`fo melwebobq}" Cexoto{& @{nb cn}ln{ioqoa de{ oswe{q nq q{nao }cex} huànbmo melwebobq} }u`qnkfo de{ knff`}q`m l`}}`fo} ¹00"Fo} a`ddà{obqo} nddn`{o} ao w{ef`dà{nqèb `lwf`~unbq f‐@{nb qàle`hbobq ao moqqo aàwobanbmo&wfu} wn{q`muf`ã{olobq anb} fo aeln`bo ao} lnq`ã{o} w{ol`ã{o} ln`} àhnfolobq anb} foaeln`bo ao} melwe}nbq} àtefuà} #}p}qãlo} ao huànho)"

Fo }mcàln w{ef`dà{nbq,meewà{nq`d `bau`q ao} ewwe{qub`qà} `bqà{o}}nbqo} weu{ fo} Àqnq}w{ef`dà{nqou{}& wu`}~u‐`f wo{loq a‐àqnkf`{ ubo {ofnqèb ao aàwobanbmo àq{e`qo obq{o fow{ef`dà{nbq oq }eb deu{b`}}ou{& p melw{`} fe{}~uo ~u‐ubo mnwnm`qà a‐n}}olkfnho o}qd`bnfolobq mebm{àq`}ào" Fo w{eh{nllo knf`}q`~uo `{nbòb {o}qo n`b}` q{ã} aàwobanbq

04 © @{nb cn} {omo`toa qomcb`mnf n}}`}qnbmo& }umc n} l`}}`fo huànbmo }p}qol} nba }efà,duof l`}}`fo qomcbefehp&nba `} bex lnbudnmqu{`bh `q} exb huànbmo melwebobq} ¹& L`}}`fo Aodob}o Nhobmp D`}mnf Pon{ #DP) ;7>7Kuahoq O}q`lnqo} Eto{tòx& ew" m`q"08 Ln{i D`qzwnq{`mi& @{nb‐} Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Mnwnk`f`qò}& @@]]& ;7>7"03

Antà Lebqnhuo& _z` [uk`b oq Aonb X`fiob`bh& @{nb‐} Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Weqobq`nf& On}qXo}q @b}q`quqo& ;770"00 Nm~u`}`qèb ed Qomcbefehp [ofnq`bh qe Xonweb} ed Ln}} Ao}q{umqèb nba Natnbmoa Mebtobqèbnf Lub`qèb}&>}q Jnbun{p qc{euhc =>}q Aomolko{ ;773& _bmfn}}`dòa AAB@ [owe{q qe Mebh{o}}& ln{} ;770"






a‐nwwe{q} ob }eu},}p}qãlo} àq{nbho{} oq `bau`q ub mebq{ñfo wef`q`~uo l`b`lnf ao fn wn{q ao}Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nqou{}" Mowobanbq& ob aàw`q ao moqqo aàwobanbmo& `f }eufãto àhnfolobq fo{`}~uo ao te`{ f‐Àqnq w{ef`dà{nbq aotob`{ }udd`}nllobq nuqebelo weu{ aotob`{ fu`,lêlo ubdeu{b`}}ou{ weu{ fo} }p}qãlo} ~u‐`f lnâq{`}o fo lòus& m{ànbq ao} {ofn`} ao w{ef`dà{nqèb"

F‐@{nb oq fn ]p{ò }olkfobq aà}e{ln`} obq{oqob`{ mo qpwo ao }plkè}o& beqnllobq }u{ fo}tomqou{} nwwofà} ç {olwfnmo{ fo} ]mua #Dnqoc,>>7%L,477)" @f o}q a‐n`ffou{} {ofnq`tolobqw{eknkfo ~uo f‐@{nb aotòbbo mo ~uo fn Me{ào au Be{a n àqà anb} fo} nbbào} >007 oqnf`lobqo au{nkfolobq fo} q{nb}do{q} `bq{n,w{ef`dà{nbq}"

Fo }mcàln meewà{nq`d

F‐osolwfo `{nbòb& ~u` melk`bo fo} mebq{n`bqo} a‐ub w{eh{nllo wu{olobq w{ef`dà{nbq#d`f`ã{o ]mua%Be Aebh) ç ub w{eh{nllo bnqèbnf debaà }u{ ao} q{nb}do{q} qomcbefeh`~uo} oq`bau}q{òf}& bo {ow{à}obqo mowobanbq ~u‐ub n}womq l`bou{ ao fn w{ef`dà{nqèb `bau}q{òffo&ntnbq qeuq wn{mo ~uo fo} q{nb}do{q} `bqo{àqnq`~uo} aolou{obq q{ã} mebq{n`bq} oq bo woutobqwe{qo{ ~uo }u{ ao} qomcbefehò} oq euq`f} `bau}q{òf} wou àtefuà}" F‐osolwfo ao fn Qu{~uòloq ob àtàobmo ubo feh`~uo wfu} odd`mnmo oq weqobqòffolobq wfu} w{ef`dà{nbqo" Mebd{ebqàoç ub ko}e`b m{e`}}nbq ao }p}qãlo} ao d{nwwo ob w{edebaou{ anb} fo mna{o ao }o} ewà{nqèb}l`f`qn`{o} mebq{o fo WII ln`} àhnfolobq au dn`q ao} lobnmo} ~uo dn`}n`q wo}o{ }u{ }n}àmu{`qà fn lufq`wf`mnqèb ao} }p}qãlo} knf`}q`~uo} ob ]p{ò& fn Qu{~uò n qobqà aoaàtofewwo{ ubo melwe}nbqo wu{olobq bnqèbnfo" @b`q`nfolobq& mo} aàtofewwolobq} t`}obq ç}uwwfào{ nu LF[] L,;87 oq nu LHL,>17 nlà{`mn`b} ~u‐Nbin{n }eucn`qn`q w{eau`{o }eu}f`mobmo>77& f`mobmo ~uo fo} Àqnq},_b`} bo }eucn`qobq wn} màao{" Fo} a`ddà{obqo} qobqnq`to} ao{àq{e,`bhàbò{ò {ànf`}ào} }u{ fo} }p}qãlo} nlà{`mn`b} nmcoqà} bo mebbn`}}nbq ~u‐ub }ummã}{ofnq`d& fn Qu{~uò }‐o}q qeu{bào to{} fn Mc`bo weu{ nmmàfà{o{ fo aàtofewwolobq ao }o}

`bau}q{ò} oq ao }o} w{eh{nllo}" ]u`tnbq ob mofn f‐osolwfo ao f‐@{nb& offo n}}emò fn }em`àqà[eioq}nb #[eioq ]nbnp`` to Q`mn{oq N"]) ç fn MWL@OM #Mc`bo}o W{om`}èb Lnmc`bo{p@lwe{q nba Oswe{q Me{we{nqèb) weu{ fn w{eaumqèb }eu} f`mobmo au fnbmo,{e~uoqqo X],> oqao aà{`tà} ao KL,;> #H{na) {u}}o}" Ob >003 obd`b& ob meewà{nqèb ntom fn MWL@OM& offoaàtofewwo fo J,477Q& kn}à }u{ fo l`}}`fo mc`be`} K,4>> #l`}}`fo knf`}q`~uo ç w{ewuf}èb}efào aeqà a‐ubo we{qào ao >?7 il oq }ofeb fn w{o}}o mc`be`}o a‐ubo w{àm`}èb ao>?7 lãq{o}>7>)" _bo ~u`bzn`bo ao mo} l`}}`fo} nu{n`q àqà nm~u`}o ob Mc`bo oq ub qeqnf ao ;77ub`qà} weu{{n`q êq{o meb}q{u`q ob Qu{~uò" _bo beutoffo to{}èb& aeqào a‐ubo we{qào ao=77 il weu{{n`q êq{o ob aàtofewwolobq& we}}`kfolobq aà{`tào au K,4>>L" N wn{q`{ ao mo}}p}qãlo}& fn Qu{~uò weu{{n aebm ç qo{lo aàtofewwo{ ao} ][KL obq{nbq wfo`bolobq anb} fomcnlw au LQM[ oq }` ko}e`b o}q& fo} oswe{qo{" F‐nk}obmo ao f`mobmo} emmàobqnfo} anb} mo}

w{eaumqèb} dnm`f`qo{n qeuqo aàm`}èb w{`}o wn{ Nbin{n ao bo wn} {o}womqo{ fo} obhnholobq}w{`} nu }o`b au LQM[ eu ao fo} `bqo{w{àqo{ osqob}`tolobq" @f o}q w{eknkfo ~uo fn mo}}èb aof`mobmo} }u{ fo} L,;87& te`{o }u{ fo} LHL,>17 ouq wo{l`} a‐oso{mo{ ub mebq{ñfo wfu}}q{`mq"

_b leaãfo ao w{ef`dà{nqèb w{emco& ln`} wfu} mebq{n`bq& }‐nwwf`~uo anb} fo mn} ao fn Me{àoau ]ua" Nw{ã} nte`{ ekqobu f‐nmme{a ao} Àqnq},_b`} weu{ w{eau`{o fo} l`}}`fo} Cpeblu ;&]àeuf n `llàa`nqolobq qobqà ao {otob`{ }u{ fo} obhnholobq} w{`} ob >007" Osw{`lnbq qeuq

>77 Ob >033 fn Qu{~uò wn}}o ub w{olò{ mebq{nq we{qnbq }u{ f‐nm~u`}`qèb ao >37 fnbmou{} oq ao 47 777 {e~uoqqo}#L,;4) ln`} b‐ekqòbq wn} ao mo}}èb ao f`mobmo ao} Àqnq},_b`}" Fn mellnbao o}q {nlobào `llàa`nqolobq ç >;

fnbmou{} oq ; 777 {e~uoqqo}& anb} ub ekjomq`d àtàobq ao {àq{e obh`boo{`bh" _bo }omebao mellnbao we{qnbq }u{ fndeu{b`qu{o ao LHL,>17 #NQNML]) n}}em`ào ç ;1 fnbmou{} o}q {ànf`}ào ~uof~uo} nbbào} wfu} qn{a">7> cqqw:%%de{ul"hfeknfq`lo}"mb%de{ul%}cexqc{ona"wcw5w<?;387"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O =?

nu febh ao} nbbào} >007 fou{ }eucn`q ao a`}we}o{ ao }p}qãlo} a‐ubo we{qào aàwn}}nbq fo}>37 il& fo} Me{àob} {ofnbmobq fou{ w{eh{nllo }wnq`nf oq bàhemòbq fou{ obq{ào anb} foLQM[ ao dnèeb ç foto{ mo{qn`bo} ao} f`l`qnqèb} wo}nbq }u{ fou{ w{eh{nllo knf`}q`~uo" Obàmcnbho a‐ubo mo{qn`bo q{nb}wn{obmo ç f‐àhn{a ao} Àqnq},_b`}& `f} ekqòbbobq ao weute`{

aàtofewwo{ ao} l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} ao =77 il ao we{qào oq ao} l`}}`fo} ao m{e`}`ã{o ao ?77il ao we{qào>7;" ûe`~uo f‐nmme{a n`q àqà q{ã} febhuolobq bàhem`à& `f }olkfo ~uo fo}Nlà{`mn`b} bo }o }eòbq wn} dn`q a‐`ffu}èb} }u{ fn wà{obb`qà ao} obhnholobq} ao ]àeuf" Ob}owqolk{o ;770& anb} fo mna{o au fnbmolobq au I]FT& N{l} Mebq{ef Qeanp }euf`hbn`qn`b}` : © N de{lo{ ]qnqo Aown{qlobq edd`m`nf dnl`f`n{ x`qc qco ]euqc Ie{onb,_"]"boheq`nqèb} }nà Nuh" ;? Y;770\ qcnq Xn}c`bhqeb aà beq q{u}q ]oeuf qe nkào kp qcohuàof`bo} eb l`}}`fo f`l`qnqèb} ¹>7=" Otnfunqèb ~u` b‐n {òb ao w{àleb`qe`{o wu`}~uo foaàtofewwolobq `bau}q{òf ao fn Me{ào au ]ua& melk`bà ç fn dnm`f`qà a‐nmmã} nu ln{mcàwo{l`}o anb} fo mna{o au LQM[& n wo{l`} ç ]àeuf ao aàtofewwo{ ub l`}}`fo ao m{e`}`ã{o#Cpeblu =K) ao > 777 il ao we{qào au{nbq fo} nbbào} ;777 oq ao loqq{o nu we`bq ubleaãfo ao > ?77 il ao we{qào #Cpeblu =M) ç fn d`b ao moqqo lêlo aàmobbò" ]` numubàfàlobq mebbu bo wo{loq ao }uwwe}o{ ~uo fo} Àqnq},_b`} ebq wn{q`m`wà nu aàtofewwolobqao mo} n{lo}& eb beqo{n bànble`b} ~u‐`f} bo woutobq ~uo wn{q`m`wo{ ç fou{ aàwfeòlobqewà{nqèbbof" Fn Me{ào au ]ua bo a`}we}o wn} ob oddoq ao} }p}qãlo} }nqoff`qn`{o} wo{loqqnbqao huào{ ao} tomqou{} aebq fn w{àm`}èb o}q& }ofeb fn w{o}}o }ua,me{àobbo& `bdà{òu{o ç aouslãq{o}>71& p melw{`} wn{ fo k`n`} ao} }p}qãlo} ao qpwo QO[MLEL aebq `f} }o{nòbqà~u`wà}" @f o}q wn{ mebq{o wfu} ~uo w{eknkfo ~uo fo} Àqnq},_b`} oso{mobq fn wfu} h{nbaot`h`fnbmo }u{ f‐oswe{qnqèb ao fou{} melwe}nbq}"

Fn {ofnqèb }`be,wni`}qnbn`}o meb}q`quo f‐nkeuq`}}olobq ewq`lnf a‐ubo {ofnqèb meewà{nq`to"Ob ~uof~uo} nbbào}& wn{ ao} q{nb}do{q} qomcbefeh`~uo}& `bau}q{òf} oq culn`b} ln}}`d}& fnMc`bo n meb}q`quà ubo wu`}}nbmo knf`}q`~uo wni`}qnbn`}o mnwnkfo ao aàtofewwo{ ao}}p}qãlo} ao ; ?77 il ao we{qào aà{`tà} ao} L,0 oq ao} L,>3" Ob qo{lo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb& melwqo qobu ao} fnmubo} ao} }p}qãlo} ao mebq{ñfo nus oswe{qnqèb} mc`be`} oqwni`}qnbn`}& f‐n}}`}qnbmo ao fn Mc`bo nu Wni`}qnb wouq }u}m`qo{ ao belk{ou}o} ~uo}qèb} :anb} ~uoffo lo}u{o f‐`bau}q{ò wni`}qnbn`}o }‐o}q,offo ndd{nbmcò ao f‐`bau}q{ò mc`be`}o anb}fn w{eaumqèb ao }o} l`}}`fo}" ûof mebq{ñfo oso{mo fn Mc`bo }u{ fn {àoswe{qnqèb ao }eu},}p}qãlo} mc`be`} oq ao }eu},}p}qãlo} wni`}qnbn`} meb}q{u`q} }eu} f`mobmo 5 ûof} mebq{ñfo}woutobq nwwf`~uo{ fo} nuqe{`qà} nal`b`}q{nq`to} au Wni`}qnb }u{ mo qpwo a‐oswe{qnqèb>7? 5Aã} fe{}& wouq,eb obt`}nho{ ~uo fo Wni`}qnb w{emãao& mello `f n w{emàaà weu{ fn a`ddu}èbao} qomcb`~uo} ao mobq{`duhnqèb& oq mco{mco ç {obqnk`f`}o{ }o} nmq`t`qà} knf`}q`~uo} }u{ fo}

>7; A`b}cnx L`}q{p& Mebqn`b`bh L`}}`fo W{ef`do{nqèb& ew" m`q">7= Woqo{ M{n`f& © ]euqc Ie{on Nqqolwq} D`{}q ]wnmo Fnubmc ¹& N{l} Mebq{ef Qeanp& }owqolk{o ;770">71 © Box M{u`}o L`}}`fo Mnb C`q Nff ed B" Ie{on ¹& Aebh,n @fke& >0 ju`ffoq ;7>7">7? Fn fàh`}fnqèb wni`}qnbn`}o o}q nlwfolobq aà{ehnqe`{o" ]` fo} obq{ow{`}o} w{`tào} }ebq qobuo} ao }‐ob{oh`}q{o{nuw{ã} au Ku{onu n}}u{nbq fn w{eleqèb ao} oswe{qnqèb} #Oswe{q W{eleqèb Ku{onu) ntnbq a‐oddomquo{ fnaolnbao a‐ubo f`mobmo a‐oswe{qnqèb& fo }omqou{ wukf`m b‐o}q buffolobq }eul`} ç ubo qoffo mebq{n`bqo" Ao wfu}&ubo fe` ao ;777 w{àm`}o ~uo fo} ln{mcnba`}o} oswe{qào} }u{ fn kn}o a‐ub nmme{a ao heuto{bolobq çheuto{bolobq oq kàbàd`m`nbq a‐ubo nuqe{`}nqèb au A`{omqou{ hàbà{nf ao} nm~u`}`qèb} ao aàdob}o # A`{omqe{ Hobo{nf ed Aodob}o Wu{mcn}o}) eu ao qeuqo nuq{o nuqe{`qà cnk`f`qào au L`b`}qã{o b‐n wn} ç dn`{o f‐ekjoq a‐uboaolnbao ao f`mobmo" Ao lêlo& fo A`{omqou{ naje`bq au Ku{onu ao fn w{eleqèb ao} oswe{qnqèb} # Oswe{q W{eleqèb Ku{onu) o}q nuqe{`}à ç }eu}q{n`{o qeuqo obq{ow{`}o ç f‐nwwf`mnqèb ao fn {àhfolobqnqèb ob lnq`ã{o

a‐oswe{qnqèb a‐n{lolobq}" _bo qoffo w{emàau{o meb}q`quo ub `lwe{qnbq w{ekfãlo ob lnq`ã{o ao d`nk`f`qà aumebq{ñfo& a‐nuqnbq wfu} ~u‐eb bo a`}we}o wn} ao aebbào} wo{loqqnbq a‐àtnfuo{ fn d{à~uobmo ao mo qpwo ao aàm`}èbeu ao aàqo{l`bo{ fo} obq`qà} osolwqào}"






ln{mcà} àlo{hobq}& eu obme{o ~u‐`f nh`}}o mello {ofn`} ao} `bqà{êq} mc`be`}>74 5 ]` mo}~uo}qèb} }ebq nmquoffolobq }nb} {àweb}o& `f o}q bànble`b} àtàobq ~uo fo} }mcàln} aow{ef`dà{nqèb meewà{nq`d} {ow{à}obqobq f‐àfàlobq ao }nwo fo wfu} `lwe{qnbq au LQM[& kòbntnbq qeuqo nuq{o de{lo ao w{ef`dà{nqèb" @f} obq{nâbobq fn meb}q`quqèb ao kn}o} `bau}q{òffo}

wn{qòffolobq nuqebelo} oq mebau`}obq ç ubo w{ef`dà{nqèb `bau}q{òffo oq qomcbefeh`~uoto{q`mnfo oq weqobqòffolobq ce{`zebqnfo mebq{o fn~uoffo fo LQM[& anb} }n de{lo ju{à`~uonmquoffo& o}q w{o}~uo `lwu`}}nbq"

Fn {omebbn`}}nbmo oswf`m`qo ao mo} a`ddà{obq} wcàbelãbo} nwwn{nâq aà}e{ln`}wukf`~uolobq anb} fo} aemulobq} ao aemq{`bo nlà{`mn`b}" Eb m`qo{n ç q`q{o a‐osolwfo fn

Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Aodob}o [otòx ao dàt{ò{ ;7>7 ~u` ndd`{lo : © Hfeknffp& qco @bqoff`hobmoMellub`qp mebq`buo} qe }oo n w{eh{o}}èb `b aotofewlobq d{el }ce{q qe loaùl , nba `b}elo mn}o} `bqo{loa`nqo , {nbho l`}}`fo}" Aotofewlobq w{eh{nl} {odfomq `bm{on}`bhnlk`qèb `b `lw{et`bh wnpfena& {nbho& w{om`}èb& nba ewo{nqèbnf wo{de{lnbmo" Qce}oaotofewlobq w{eh{nl} meufa ko cofwoa kp qco ewob ln{ioq qcnq bex os`}q} `b lnbp ed qco

n}}em`nqoa qomcbefehò}& lnqo{`nf}& nba oswo{q`}o Y""\" Qco{o `} qco weqobq`nf de{ n}uk}qnbq`nf `bm{on}o `b qco q{nb}do{ ed natnbmoa mnwnk`f`qò} d{el keqc heto{blobq nba bebheto{blobq obq`qò} `b }elo qomcb`mnffp natnbmoa meubq{ò}" ]elo }qnqo} x`qc le{onatnbmoa mnwnk`f`qò} mebq`buo qe q{nb}do{ keqc qomcbefehò} nba }p}qol} qe qce}o x`qc fo}}lnqu{o mnwnk`f`qò} ¹>78"

Mo wcàbelãbo o}q wn{ n`ffou{} nwwofà ç }o {obde{mo{ }eu} f‐`lwuf}èb ao} m{`}o} {àhèbnfo}&~u` ju}q`dòbq f‐nm~u`}`qèb ao mnwnm`qà} ao d{nwwo ob w{edebaou{ wn{ fo} Àqnq} ~u` p }ebqoswe}à} oq ~u` `bau`}obq ubo wfu} h{nbao qefà{nbmo ao fn wn{q ao} Àqnq} ~u` }ebq n}}em`à} çfou{ aàdob}o" N moq àhn{a& fo {ñfo ao} l`}}`fo} ç mnwnm`qà }q{nqàh`~uo qoba ç àtefuo{ oq ç }otufhn{`}o{& ob qnbq ~u‐àfàlobq ao d{nwwo © e{a`bn`{o ¹ ao} n{mc`qomqu{o} ao }àmu{`qà

bnqèbnfo}"

Otnfunqèb au {ñfo ao} l`}}`fo} ç mnwnm`qà }q{nqàh`~uo

Mello fo aàlebq{o f‐ob}olkfo ao} osolwfo} nke{aà}& fn l`}o ob ŝut{o ao mnwnm`qà} aod{nwwo} ob w{edebaou{ oq fn w{eaumqèb ao} à~u`wolobq} nddà{obq} }ebq f`à} ç aousaàqo{l`bnbq} w{`bm`wnus : fo} lobnmo} nus~uoffo} }ebq mebd{ebqà} fo} Oqnq} oq fn bàmo}}`qàao ln`bqob`{ eu ao aàtofewwo{ ao} euq`f} `bau}q{òf} wo{loqqnbq ao fo} mebju{o{ ntom ublns`lul a‐nuqebelò ao aàm`}èb" Fo} meùq} ao aàtofewwolobq w{ec`k`q`d} ao} n{}obnus çtemnqèb }q{nqàh`~uo mello fo} `bto}q`}}olobq} bàmo}}n`{o} weu{ fo} ln`bqob`{ewà{nqèbbof} f`l`qobq mowobanbq fou{ aàtofewwolobq anb} fn au{ào& f‐nk}obmo ao lobnmomebau`}nbq ç fou{ l`}o ob to`ffo w{eh{o}}`to& mello ob nqqo}qobq a`ddà{obq} osolwfo} nuLepob,E{òbq oq ob Nlà{`~uo au }ua" Ao dn`q& fn wà{obb`qà `bau}q{òffo ao} w{eaumqou{}àlo{hobq} o}q àq{e`qolobq f`ào ç fn wo{mowqèb bnqèbnfo ao fn lobnmo oq ao} mebq{n`bqo}f`ào} ç ubo aàwobanbmo àq{nbhã{o" Moqqo wo{mowqèb ju}q`dò ao} `bto}q`}}olobq} ln}}`d}anb} ao} }p}qãlo} ebà{ous oq wou wo{de{lnbq} nlobà} ç êq{o w{eh{o}}`tolobq nlàfè{à}&eu& ç f‐`bto{}o& `lwf`~uo ub nf`hbolobq }q{nqàh`~uo ntom ub wn{qobn`{o mnwnkfo ao deu{b`{fo} euq`f} `bau}q{òf}& fo} qomcbefehò} oq fo} }p}qãlo} wo{loqqnbq ao meb}q`quo{ ub n{}obnf`llàa`nqolobq odd`mnmo"

>74

@aào aàtofewwào ç fn d`b ao} nbbào} >007 wn{ Je}owc Ko{luao} #Doao{nqèb ed Nlo{`mnb ]mòbq`}q}& cqqw:%%xxx"dn}"e{h%box}%wni`}qnb%>003%7?%hcnu{`;"cql)">78 Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Aodob}o [otòx [nwwe{q & ;7>7"






Fn wo{mowqèb ao fn lobnmo meba`qèbbo àhnfolobq fn bnqu{o ao} }p}qãlo} ao d{nwwo obw{edebaou{ {oqobu} oq fou{ meuwfnho àtobquof ç ao} n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to"F‐`lw{àm`}èb ao} l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} fo} n febhqolw} n}}em`à} ç ao} mcn{ho} ao mo qpwo&fo} u}nho} mebtobqèbbof} }‐àqnbq ntà{à} wou mebmfunbq" F‐Ohpwqo& ~u` o}q fo w{olò{ wnp} ç

nte`{ uq`f`}à ao} ]mua ao lnb`ã{o ewà{nqèbboffo ntom ao} mcn{ho} mebtobqèbboffo} ob>08=& b‐p ntn`q ou {omeu{} ~uo weu{ }`hb`dò{ ç @}{néf }n mnwnm`qà ç e{hnb`}o{ ao} d{nwwo}}q{nqàh`~uo}>73" F‐osolwfo `{niòb& ~u` o}q wo{èu wn{ ao belk{ous Àqnq} mello ubmnqnfp}ou{ ju}q`d`nbq fo fnbmolobq ao w{eh{nllo} bnqèbnus eu ao} qobqnq`to} a‐nm~u`}`qèb&o}q& ~unbq ç fu`& q{elwou{" F‐`lwnmq ao} d{nwwo} knf`}q`~uo} mebtobqèbboffo} }u{ fo mebdf`q nàqà weu{ fo le`b} leaà{à& fo} oddoq} lns`lnus npnbq àqà ob{oh`}q{à} ~unba fn we}}`k`f`qàa‐ubo n}}em`nqèb ntom ao} n{lo} mc`l`~uo} o}q nwwn{uo mello àfotào>70" Fo }ouf osolwfomebbu a‐u}nho ewà{nqèbbof ao l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} ç mcn{ho} mebtobqèbboffo} npnbq`ba`}muqnkfolobq `lwnmqà fo mcnlw ao knqn`ffo o}q mofu` ao Jnfnfnkna& eð fo} de{mo}fepnf`}qo} au w{à}àobq Bnj`kuffnc& nlwfolobq à~u`wào} wn{ fo} ]et`àq`~uo}& ntnòbq k{`}à fo}`ãho ao fn t`ffo wn{ fo q`{ ao wfu} a‐ub l`ffò{ ao l`}}`fo} ]mua }u{ fo} de{mo} {okoffo} >>7" Aodn`q& ntom ao} }p}qãlo} `lw{àm`}& f‐oddoq ao ln}}o ” anb} ub e{a{o ao h{nbaou{ aàwn}}nbqwfu}òu{} mobqn`bo} ao tomqou{} ” aolou{o ub `lwà{nq`d" F‐uq`f`}nqèb wn{ fo} [u}}o} aol`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} fe{} ao} mebdf`q} qmcàqmcãbo} oq hàe{hòb} mebd`{lo moqqo meb}qnqnqèb&fo} a`ddà{obq} q`{} {àwo{qe{`à} }olkfnbq nte`{ àqà {ànf`}à} anb} ubo ewq`~uo ao aà}qnk`f`}nqèbao f‐nato{}n`{o wfuqñq ~uo anb} ub kuq ao ao}q{umqèb ao} de{mo}" Ao dn`q& ob mebd`hu{nqèbmebtobqèbboffo& fo} }p}qãlo} ao qpwo} ]cncnk > eu ; oq ]cncnk =& qof} ~uo aàwfepà}nmquoffolobq ob @{nb& b‐nu{nòbq ~uo ao} nwwf`mnqèb} ewà{nqèbboffo} q{ã} f`l`qào} }u{ fomcnlw knqn`ffo& f‐`lw{àm`}èb ao} n{lo} bàmo}}`qnbq ub belk{o ao tomqou{} a`}w{ewe{qèbbàweu{ ekqob`{ ub {à}ufqnq }`hb`d`mnq`d& p melw{`} }‐`f} aotnòbq êq{o olwfepà} mebq{o ao}`bd{n}q{umqu{o} {ofnq`tolobq tn}qo}>>>"

Au dn`q ao f‐`lw{àm`}èb ao} l`}}`fo}& fn ~uo}qèb ao fn ~unbq`qà aolou{o ub àfàlobq}q{umqu{nbq anb} fn aàd`b`qèb ao fn }q{nqàhò" N`b}`& ob }uwwe}nbq ~u‐ub Àqnq qof ~uo f‐@{nba`}we}o au M= bàmo}}n`{o weu{ e{hnb`}o{ ao} d{nwwo} ao }nqu{nqèb oq ~uo fn lnqu{nqèb ao

>73 X" Nba{ox Qo{{`ff& O}mnfnqèb nba @bq{nxn{ Aoqo{{obmo au{`bh F`l`qoa Xn{} `b qco Làafo On}q & ]q{nqoh`m]quaò} @b}q`quqo& }owqolk{o ;770 oq Nbxn{ of ]nanq& @b ]on{mc ed @aobq`qp: Nb Nuqekèh{nwcp& Cn{wo{ $ [ex&Box Pe{i& >088& w" ;4?">70 Nbqcebp Me{ao}lnb& Qco Fo}}eb} ed Leao{b Xn{ #Tefulo @@ , Qco @{nb,@{n~ Xn{)& mcnw`q{o >=& M]@]& >007 9Jee}q [" C`fqo{lnbb& N we`}ebeu} nddn`{: Nlo{`mn& @{n~& nba qco hn}}`bh ed Cnfnkjn& Mnlk{àho _b`to{}`qpW{o}}& ;778">>7

Lecnlloa Peu}nd oq Ln{i Nai`b& Ndhcnb`}qnb& Qco Kon{ Q{nw: Qco Aodonq ed n ]uwo{wexo{ & Mn}olnqo&;77>">>> Ob naloqqnbq wn{ osolwfo ~uo fn lnje{`qà ao} n{lo} `{nbòbbo} bo a`}we}obq wn} a‐ubo OMW `bdà{òu{o ç =77lãq{o} #w{àm`}èb aebbào weu{ fo ]mua,K)& f‐uq`f`}nqèb ao fn qeqnf`qà au }qemi ao ]cncnk > #o}q`là nuqeu{ ao ;77ub`qà} oq w{à}ulà le`b} w{àm`} ~uo fo ]mua,K) bo }udd`{n`q wn} ç hn{nbq`{ fn bouq{nf`}nqèb a‐ubo }oufo kn}onà{òbbo" F‐olwfe` ao mo} n{lo} mebq{o ao} `bd{n}q{umqu{o} l`f`qn`{o} wouq aebm }o dn`{o anb} ubo feh`~uo aocn{n}}olobq& qof ~uo f‐@{ni n wu fo w{nq`~uo{ fe{} ao} aous ao{bò{} mebdf`q} ~u` f‐ebq ewwe}à nus Àqnq},_b`}& ln`}buffolobq anb} ubo feh`~uo ao d{nwwo} ob w{edebaou{ l`f`qn`{olobq }`hb`d`mnq`to}" Fo} l`}}`fo} }q{nqàh`~uo}& aoqpwo ]cncnk,=& aebq fn w{àm`}èb o}q {àwuqào q{ã} `bdà{òu{o ç ?77 lãq{o}& }ebq ~unbq ç ous qeqnfolobq `buq`fo}weu{ mo qpwo ao d{nwwo& oq bo weu{{nòbq êq{o uq`f`}à} ~uo anb} fo mna{o ao d{nwwo} ao qo{{ou{ }u{ ao h{nbao}nhhfelà{nqèb}" Te`{ Ln{i D`qzwnq{`mi& @{nb Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo} Mnwnk`f`qò}& ew m`q" Te`{ àhnfolobq f‐àquao ao Z"L`nb& N" C" Bnppn{& oq L" T" [nlnbn ~u` aebbo ubo àtnfunqèb `bqà{o}}nbqo ao} mnwnm`qà} a‐ub l`}}`fo ao qpwoW{`qct` ao w{ol`ã{o hàbà{nqèb& n}}oz melwn{nkfo nus ]mua oq ]cncnk ob qo{lo} ao w{àm`}èb oq ao mebq{n`bqo}

ewà{nqèbboffo} #Z" L`nb& N" C" Bnppn{& oq L" T" [nlnbn& © K{`bh`bh W{`qct` aexb qe On{qc: Qco mnwnk`f`qò}nba weqobq`nf oddomq`tobo}} ed @ba`n‐} W{`qct` L`}}`fo ¹& ]mòbmo $ Hfeknf ]omu{`qp& tef 8& be =& >003& ww" ===”=47"






}eb `bau}q{ò fu` n`q wo{l`} a‐nmm{eâq{o fn w{àm`}èb ao }o} l`}}`fo} nuqeu{ a‐ubo mobqn`bo aolãq{o} a‐o{{ou{ m`{mufn`{o w{eknkfo& fn meb}q`quqèb a‐ub }qemi a‐n{lo} }udd`}nbq weu{ boq{n`qo{ ~u‐ub }ouf ekjomq`d ao qpwo kn}o nà{òbbo weu{{n`q aolnbao{ wfu}òu{} nbbào}>>;" Fo}Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq} àqnbq mebd{ebqà} ç fn we}}`k`f`qà a‐`bqo{tobqèb} l`f`qn`{o} e{hnb`}ào} wn{

fn mellubnuqà `bqo{bnqèbnfo ln`} {àwebanbq nus leaãfo} a‐`bqo{tobqèb emmàobqnus#n{q`mufà} nuqeu{ a‐ubo feh`}q`~uo nà{òbbo oq ln{`q`lo `lwe{qnbqo oq ç f‐u}nho `bqob}`d aof‐nt`nqèb qnmq`~uo)& fn l`}o ob ŝut{o a‐ewqèb} ao d{nwwo} mebtobqèbboffo}{n`}ebbnkfolobq a`}}un}`to} os`ho ao} tomqou{} konumeuw wfu} w{àm`} ~uo fou{} mnwnm`qà}qomcbefeh`~uo} fo fn`}}obq w{àte`{ ç meu{q oq lepob qo{lo #ubo o{{ou{ m`{mufn`{o w{eknkfoa‐ubo m`b~unbqn`bo ao lãq{o} }olkfnbq êq{o ub l`b`lul) oq ob belk{o qof ~u‐ubo mnwnm`qàao w{eaumqèb bnqèbnfo }olkfo `lwà{nq`to" Eb wouq bànble`b} wob}o{ ~u‐`f} weu{{nòbqn}w`{o{ ç we}}àao{ ao} tomqou{} ao moqqo ~unf`qà" Fo {`}~uo {ow{à}obqà wn{ mo qpwo a‐n{}obnfmebd{ebqo fo} wfnb`d`mnqou{} ao mo qpwo a‐`bqo{tobqèb ç ao} w{ekfãlo} feh`}q`~uo}melwfoso}& fo} ekf`honbq ç aàwfepo{ fo} de{mo} melknqqnbqo} anb} fn w{edebaou{ oq ça`to{}`dò{ fo} mcnâbo} feh`}q`~uo} nd`b ao f`l`qo{ fn tufbà{nk`f`qà>>=" Mo} mebq{n`bqo} }ebqwn{q`muf`ã{olobq w{àhbnbqo} }u{ fo} qcàëq{o} mebd`bà} #Me{ào au Be{a& Lepob,E{òbq)& eðfo} `bd{n}q{umqu{o} }ebq wou belk{ou}o} oq {ofnq`tolobq oswe}ào}" F‐n{mc`qomqu{o ao}ewà{nqèb} ao w{ejomqèb ju}q`dò aebm nlwfolobq fn meb}q`quqèb a‐n{}obnus qomcbefe,h`~uolobq {ua`lobqn`{o} wn{ fo} Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq}& wu`}~u‐offo fo} nuqe{`}o ç obt`}nho{ çlepob qo{lo ao} }q{nqàhò} ao aàb` a‐nmmã} olk{pebbn`{o}" Offo {obde{mo àhnfolobq fou{}nbmqun{`}nqèb& fn }`lwfo we}}`k`f`qà ao d{nwwo} ao qcàëq{o weutnbq mebq{n`ba{o f‐nato{}n`{oç {obebmo{ nus ewà{nqèb} l`f`qn`{o}& }nb} ~u‐`f }e`q bàmo}}n`{o ao {omeu{`{ ç fn lobnmo aod{nwwo} }q{nqàh`~uo}>>1 oq fn w{eknk`f`qà ao d{nwwo} }q{nqàh`~uo} aàlufq`wf`nbq f‐oddoq" @f dnuqbànble`b} {nlobo{ mo {`}~uo ç }n a`lob}èb {àoffo" F‐uq`f`}nqèb ao l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} çmcn{ho mebtobqèbboffo wn{ fo} woq`qo} wu`}}nbmo} knf`}q`~uo} bo wouq êq{o melwn{ào ç

f‐u}nho ~uo woutobq ob dn`{o fo} Àqnq},_b`} #wn{ f‐`bqo{làa`n`{o ao} NQNML]) eu fn Mc`bo&~u` a`}we}obq a‐ub }qemi meb}àà{nkfo ao tomqou{} q{ã} w{àm`}" Anb} ub mebqosqo w{ef`dà{nbq&fo} l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} {ow{à}obqobq w{o}~uo }p}qàlnq`~uolobq ao} n{lo} ebà{ou}o} oq{n{o}& aebq f‐olwfe` o}q q{ã} w{eknkfolobq aàtefu nu q{n`qolobq ao m`kfo} ç q{ã} cnuqo tnfou{njeuqào" Mo} mn{nmqà{`}q`~uo} `bau`}obq ao} feh`~uo} wfu} e{òbqào} to{} fo ao{bò{ {omeu{}#àtobquoffolobq n}}em`à ç ao} n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to) ~uo to{} fn d{nwwomebtobqèbboffo ao qcàëq{o"

Qeuqode`}& aàwfepà} ob belk{o }udd`}nbq& fo} tomqou{} nmquoffolobq aàtofewwà} wn{ fo} Àqnq}w{ef`dà{nbq} weu{{nòbq nte`{ ub `lwnmq w}pmcefeh`~uo }`hb`d`mnq`d }‐`f} aotnòbq êq{oln}}`tolobq olwfepà} mebq{o ao} m`kfo} m`t`fo}>>?" Lêlo }` ub Àqnq {omeu{nbq ç mo qpwo ao

>>; ]" Aofe{p& © Fnbmo,{e~uoqqo} oq l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} ç mcn{ho mebtobqèbboffo : ubo nfqo{bnq`to ç fn d{nwwonà{òbbo 5 ¹& `b H{ohe{p Keuqco{`b oq Mnl`ffo H{nba #a`{")& Ob tef to{} ;7;? , [àdfosèb} w{e}womq`to} }u{ fn

wu`}}nbmo nà{e}wnq`nfo& W_D& Wn{`} ;7>7 oq @{nb‐} Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Mnwnk`f`qò}& ew" m`q">>= Te`{ wn{ osolwfo Jecb ]q`ffèb& Antà Q" E{foq}ip& N`{kn}o Tufbo{nk`f`qp qe Mebtobqèbnf M{u`}o,L`}}`fo nba

Knff`}q`m,L`}}`fo Nqqnmi}& Qomcbefehp& ]mobn{è}& nba _"]" N`{ De{mo [o}web}o}& L[,>7;3,ND& [nbaMe{we{nqèb& >000 9 Kobjnl`b Fnlkoqc" BNQE‐} N`{ Xn{ de{ Ie}ete& [nba Me{we{nqèb& ;77>& ln`} nu}}`& weu{lòus melw{oba{o fo} mebq{n`bqo} feh`}q`~uo} ao} `bqo{tobqèb} feu{ao} Ofèq Mecob #a`{")& Hufd Xn{ N`{ Wexo{ ]u{top& _] HWE& >00=">>1 ]" Aofe{p& © Fnbmo,{e~uoqqo} oq l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} ç mcn{ho mebtobqèbboffo․ ¹& ew" m`q">>? Fo }ouf osolwfo mebbu ao f‐`lwnmq ao mo qpwo ao d{nwwo {olebqo ç fn ]omebao huo{{o leba`nfo& fo} d{nwwo}

nffolnbao} npnbq obq{nâbà ub oseao ln}}`d ao fn t`ffo ao Feba{o}" Fn mnlwnhbo ao d{nwwo au Cozkeffnc mebq{o fobe{a a‐@}{néf aebbo ub nuq{o nwo{èu ao} meb}à~uobmo} àmebel`~uo} oq culn`bo} ao d{nwwo} wou fàqnfo} ln`}`bqob}`to}" Fo} aous osolwfo} bo debq mowobanbq ~uo mebd`{lo{ f‐`lwe{qnbmo ao f‐oddoq ao ln}}o& wfu}òu{}






}q{nqàhò }o to{{n`q {nwàolobq mebd{ebqà ç ub àwu`}olobq ao }eb }qemi& f‐oddoq a`}}un}`d #weqobqòf eu oddomq`d) w{eau`q {oba{n`q fn de{lnqèb ao menf`qèb} wfu} a`dd`m`fo oq foaàwfeòlobq ao q{euwo} oq ao lnqà{òf} }u{ fo} zebo} ao {oh{euwolobq wfu} melwfoso qeuqob f`l`qnbq fou{} wo{de{lnbmo} ewà{nqèbboffo}" F‐`lwnmq }o q{euto{n`q aàlufq`wf`à }` fn

w{eknk`f`qà a‐ubo n}}em`nqèb ntom ubo n{lo ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to àqn`q ntà{ào& `bm`qnbqfo} Àqnq} }euwèebbà} ao }o f`t{o{ ç ao} w{eh{nllo} a‐n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to çln`bqob`{ ubo nlk`huåqà weu{ eu le`b} ndd`{lào" Ao mo we`bq ao tuo& f‐n{}obnf be{a,me{àoboso{mo ubo lobnmo nuq{olobq wfu} melwfoso ~uo f‐n{}obnf `{nbòb oq mebq{`kuowu`}}nllobq ç }nbmqun{`}o{ fo wnp}"

Fo ko}e`b o}q a`ddà{obq weu{ fo} Àqnq} }eul`} ç ub obt`{ebbolobq ao }àmu{`qà mebq{n`hbnbqln`} b‐n}w`{nbq wn} ç a`}we}o{ ous,lêlo} a‐n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to" Fn {omco{mcoa‐ubo mnwnm`qà ao d{nwwo ewà{nqèbboffo& mnwnkfo ao q{n`qo{ fo} `bd{n}q{umqu{o} obbolò} o}qnfe{} w{`t`fàh`ào wn{ f‐nm~u`}`qèb ao }p}qãlo} wfu} w{àm`}" Fo} n{lo} knf`}q`~uo} bo }ebq~u‐ubo ewqèb wn{l` a‐nuq{o} oq fn }efuqèb ao} l`}}`fo} ao m{e`}`ã{o o}q hàbà{nfolobq

{oqobuo ob wn{nffãfo" Qoffo }olkfo êq{o fn feh`~uo {oqobuo wn{ fn Qu{~uò #knf`}q`~uo) oq fnMe{ào au ]ua #knf`}q`~uo%l`}}`fo ao m{e`}`ã{o)" Fn w{àm`}èb m{e`}}nbqo ao mo} tomqou{}`bm`qo ç fou{ aàtofewwolobq eu ç fou{ nm~u`}`qèb& wu`}~u‐`f} aolou{obq fo} }ouf} ç edd{`{ubo mnwnm`qà ao d{nwwo ob w{edebaou{ a`}}un}`to dnmo nus Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq} ce{} au mna{oao} nff`nbmo}" ]u{qeuq& fo} Àqnq},_b`} mello fn Mc`bo deu{b`}}obq f‐osolwfo a‐ubaàtofewwolobq meb}qnbq ao mo qpwo a‐n{mc`qomqu{o}" Fn lnqu{nqèb ao} qomcbefehò} aebboa‐n`ffou{} nus n{lo} knf`}q`~uo} ub `bqà{êq beutonu& au dn`q ao mcn{ho} a‐olwe{q àfotào} oqa‐ubo h{nbao {ànmq`t`qà ao l`}o ob ŝut{o" ]` fo} Àqnq},_b`} }o mnbqebbobq ç ub u}nho aoqcàëq{o #NQNML])& eð fo} ntnbqnho} eddo{q} wn{ fo} }p}qãlo} knf`}q`~uo} }ebq q{ã}}uwà{òu{o} ç qeuq nuq{o& `f} w{`t`fàhòbq fo} l`}}`fo} ao m{e`}`ã{o weu{ fo} d{nwwo}mebtobqèbboffo} ob w{edebaou{& o}}obqòffolobq wn{mo ~uo fn mebd`hu{nqèb ao}`bqo{tobqèb} nlà{`mn`bo} #qcàëq{o} àfe`hbà} o}}obqòffolobq nmmo}}`kfo} wn{ fo} n`{} oq fnlo{& }p}qàlnq`}nqèb ao} ewà{nqèb} ao bouq{nf`}nqèb ao} aàdob}o} nà{òbbo} ob euto{qu{oao mebdf`q) dnte{`}o mo qpwo ao c`à{n{mc`}nqèb" Fn Mc`bo ~unbq ç offo debao f‐o}}obqòf ao }n}q{nqàhò ao d{nwwo mebq{o Qn`xnb nuqeu{ ao }p}qãlo} knf`}q`~uo} ao wfu} ob wfu} w{àm`}>>4 nfe{} ~uo fn [u}}ò }olkfo teufe`{ {à`bto}q`{ anb} ao} }p}qãlo} meu{qo we{qào weu{ q{n`qo{ao} ekjomq`d} ç cnuqo tnfou{ njeuqào" Fn mello{m`nf`}nqèb we}}`kfo ao} ][KL mc`be`} #K,4>>%W,>;) wo{loq aà}e{ln`} ç ao belk{ous Àqnq} a‐obt`}nho{ ao }o aeqo{& anb} ubo kòble`ba{o lo}u{o mowobanbq& ao mnwnm`qà} }`l`fn`{o}"

Wn{nffãfolobq& eb ek}o{to ubo qobanbmo& wfu} wn{q`muf`ã{olobq anb} fo} Àqnq} fo} wfu}}eul`} nus mebq{n`bqo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb& ç mebqeu{bo{ fo} f`l`qo} `lwe}ào} wn{ foLQM[ wn{ fn tnfe{`}nqèb ao fnbmo,{e~uoqqo} feu{a} #leao{b`}nqèb ao} w{ewuf}èb}&najebmqèb ao }p}qãlo} ao huànho)& ~u` wo{loqqobq ao {ànf`}o{ ao} d{nwwo} ao qcàëq{o ao}nqu{nqèb ç ub meùq ~uo bo wo{loqqobq b` fo} l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} b` fo} l`}}`fo} aom{e`}`ã{o" Fo }ummã} m{e`}}nbq ao} fnbmo,{e~uoqqo} feu{a}& oq fn a`ddu}èb ao qomcbefehò}~un}` knf`}q`~uo} ~u` }‐p n}}emò& wo{loqq{ebq w{eknkfolobq ç f‐ntob`{ nus Àqnq} beb

mobqn`bo} ao d{nwwo} npnbq qeumcà Feba{o}& oq wfu}òu{} l`ffò{} fo be{a a‐@}{néf" Te`{ weu{ ub {nwwof {nwào]" Aofe{p& `kà">>4 Te`{ Antà N" ]cfnwni Yoq nf"\& N ~uo}qèb ed knfnbmo: wef`q`mnf mebqosq nba l`f`qn{p n}womq} ed qco Mc`bn,Qn`xnb& LH 333& [nba Me{we{nqèb& ;7709 Ln{i N" ]qeio} oq @nb On}qeb& Oteft`bh No{e}wnmo Q{oba} `b qco

N}`n,Wnm`d`m [ohèb& Qco W{ejomq ;710 @b}q`quqo& ;8 ln` ;7>7 9 Ln{i ]qeio}& Mc`bn‐} Oteft`bh Mebtobqèbnf

]q{nqoh`m ]q{ìo Mnwnk`f`qp& W{ejomq ;710 @b}q`quqo& >1 }owqolk{o ;770 9 Nba{ox ]" O{`mi}eb oq Antà A" Pnbh&© _}`bh qco Fnba qe Mebq{ef qco ]on5 Mc`bo}o Nbnfp}q} Meb}ào{ qco Nbq`}c`w Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo ¹& Bntnf Xn{ Meffoho [otòx& tef" 4;& b· 1& nuqelbo ;770"






lolk{o} au LQM[ ao aàtofewwo{ ao} mnwnm`qà} w{emco} ao moffo} eddo{qo} wn{ fo} ][KLao w{ol`ã{o hàbà{nqèb" Moqqo ewqèb }olkfo {oqobuo wn{ f‐@{nb anb} fo aàtofewwolobq ao}Dnqoc,>>7 ln`} o}q qeuq nu}}` wo{mowq`kfo anb} fo} àtefuqèb} ao} NQNML] nlà{`mn`b}&nwwn{obqà} ç ubo {e~uoqqo feu{ao huàào fe{} ao }n mebmowqèb ln`} aà}e{ln`} melwn{nkfo

ç ub nuqcobq`~uo ][KL" Wn{ n`ffou{}& fo {àq{e obh`boo{`bh ao} }p}qãlo} mc`be`} #X],>) oq{u}}o} #KL,;>%KL,;8) o}q f‐ubo ao} d`f`ã{o} ~uo f‐@{nb oq fn Qu{~uò ebq {oqobu weu{aàtofewwo{ fou{ melwe}nbqo `bau}q{òffo anb} fo aeln`bo ao} w{ewuf}èb} }efào}"

]u`tnbq moqqo feh`~uo& fn aolnbao ob }p}qãlo} qnmq`~uo} ao d{nwwo ob w{edebaou{ o}qw{eknkfolobq nlobào ç }‐ndd`{lo{" Fo} àtefuqèb} qomcbefeh`~uo}& beqnllobq anb} fohuànho oq fo} w{ewuf}èb} edd{obq aà}e{ln`} nus fnbmo,{e~uoqqo} ubo fàqnf`qà m{e`}}nbqo nub`tonu qnmq`~uo #}u{ fo} mnf`k{o} >;; ll wn{ osolwfo& q{ã} a`ddu}à}) oq ao} we{qào} kòb}uwà{òu{o} ç moffo} wo{l`}o} ju}~u‐ç w{à}obq& }u{ ao} }p}qãlo} wfu} feu{a} #=77 ll ” 477ll)" Fn de{qo aolnbao au ln{mcà weu{ mo} à~u`wolobq}& n}}em`ào ç fou{ meùq leaà{à oqfou{ h{nbao }euwfo}}o& {`}~uo a‐à{eao{ `b}ob}`kfolobq fo} f`l`qo} obq{o ao} à~u`wolobq} #oq

fo} euq`f} `bau}q{òf} n}}em`à}) aàd`b`} mello qnmq`~uo} oq ao} à~u`wolobq} npnbq ao}mnwnm`qà} }q{nqàh`~uo} lnb`do}qo}& }u`tnbq ub }mcàln àtefuq`d aàjç oswà{`lobqà anb} foaeln`bo ao} l`}}`fo} bntnf}"

Obd`b& `f dnuq meb}àà{o{ ~uo fo} aàtofewwolobq} ao} }p}qãlo} nbq`l`}}`fo} weu{{nòbqmebau`{o ç f‐nm~u`}`qèb ao qomcbefehò} l`}}`fo}& nuqnbq anb} fo aeln`bo knf`}q`~uo ~uoanb} mofu` ao} l`}}`fo} ao m{e`}`ã{o" Ob wn{q`mufò{& fn a`ddu}èb ao} qomcb`~uo} aok{eu`ffnho oq a‐nào ç fn wàbàq{nqèb weu{{n`q n`b}` aebbo{ ubo }omebao tò ç ao} }p}qãlo}knf`}q`~uo} weqobqòffolobq tufbà{nkfo} ç ao} `bqo{mowqèb}>>8" F‐àlo{hobmo ao tà{`qnkfo}mnwnm`qà} nbq`knf`}q`~uo} `bm`qo àhnfolobq ub mo{qn`b belk{o a‐Àqnq} ç {omco{mco{ ao}}efuqèb} l`sqo} melk`bnbq tomqou{} knf`}q`~uo} oq l`}}`fo} ao m{e`}`ã{o>>3" Fn a`ddu}èb ao}

qomcbefehò} nbq`l`}}`fo} wn{q`m`wo wn{ n`ffou{} ç f‐nddn`kf`}}olobq ao} be{lo} au LQM[&ao belk{ous àfàlobq} ao} l`}}`fo} `bqo{mowqou{} oq a‐ub l`}}`fo knf`}q`~uo àqnbq kòb}eutobq `bqo{mcnbhonkfo}"

_b k`fnb hfeknfolobq we}`q`d

Anb} mo mebqosqo hàbà{nf& `f o}q `baàb`nkfo ~uo fo LQM[ n mebq{`kuà ç {nfobq`{meb}àà{nkfolobq fo aàtofewwolobq ao} w{eh{nllo} w{ef`dà{nbq} qeuq mello fo}w{eh{nllo} ao} Àqnq} beb lolk{o}>>0" ]` f‐osolwfo au Mebae{ ; `ffu}q{o mo} }ummã}&belk{o ao w{eh{nllo} ~u` nu{nòbq wu êq{o d`bnf`}à} anb} ao} meba`qèb} le`b} {o}q{`mq`to}ebq àqà au{nkfolobq {nfobq`} eu mnbqebbà} anb} ao} `lwn}}o} qomcbefeh`~uo}" Fnw{ààl`bobmo ao fn Me{ào au Be{a anb} fo wcàbelãbo ao w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uo o}q ao mowe`bq ao tuo f‐`ffu}q{nqèb wn{naesnfo ao mo }ummã}& fo} w{ef`dà{nbq} npnbq àqà mebq{n`bq}a‐nm~uà{`{ ç w{`s a‐e{ ao} tomqou{} aàweu{tu} a‐uq`f`qà ob mebd`hu{nqèb mebtobqèbboffo& oqq{ã} w{eknkfolobq ln{h`bnfolobq uq`fo} fe{}~u‐`f} }ebq n}}em`à} ç ao} n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèbln}}`to>;7"

>>8 A‐eð fn w{ewe}`qèb ao [`mcn{a ]woò{ ao mebq`bhobqo{ mo} qomcbefehò}" Te`{ [" ]woò{& © L`}}`foBebw{ef`do{nqèb nba L`}}`fo Aodob}o: D`qq`bh Qcol Qehoqco{ ¹& N{l} Mebq{ef Qeanp& betolk{o ;778">>3 Mc{`}qewco Mn{fo& © Ao f‐`lwe{qnbmo ao} l`}}`fo} ¹& De{ul au aà}n{lolobq & ;778">>0 A`b}cnx L`}q{p& © Kopeba qco LQM[: Ku`fa`bh n Melw{ocob}`to [oh`lo qe Mebqn`b Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo

W{ef`do{nqèb ¹& @bqo{bnqèbnf ]omu{`qp& tef" 1& be

;8& w{`bqolw} ;77=">;7 _b kàlef ae`q êq{o nwwe{qà `m`& f‐os`}qobmo a‐ub n{}obnf mc`l`~uo }uwwe}à tomqe{`}à ob ]p{ò npnbq wo{l`} çAnln} ao {àà~u`f`k{o{ }n {ofnqèb }q{nqàh`~uo ntom @}{néf" Qeuqode`}& fo aoh{à a‐odd`mnm`qà ao} tomqou{} à~u`wà}





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O 1>

F‐oddoq au LQM[ }u{ fo} Àqnq} beb lolk{o} ç fn {omco{mco ao }efuqèb} knf`}q`~uo} ln`}kàbàd`m`nbq aàjç a‐ub mo{qn`b b`tonu a‐oswo{q`}o bnqèbnf n àhnfolobq àqà n}}oz de{q" Fo}aàke`{o} {obmebq{à} wn{ f‐@bao anb} fn tnfe{`}nqèb ao fn dnl`ffo ao} Nhb` }ebq n`b}à`{omqolobq `lwuqnkfo} nus {o}q{`mqèb} ao }eb nmmã} nus qomcbefehò} knf`}q`~uo} oq ç fn

tefebqà ao} @baòb} ao bo wn} }o q{euto{ f`à} wn{ ao} f`mobmo} àq{nbhã{o} }u{ fou{} }p}qãlo}}q{nqàh`~uo} bnqèbnus" Mo{qo}& fo} oddoq} }ebq a`dd`m`folobq ~unbq`d`nkfo} oq anb} fo mn} aof‐@bao& }ofeb A`}cnx L`}q{p& `f} }o{nòbq lêlo ~un}`lobq ln{h`bnus : © @b qco >047}&

de{o`hb }euba`bh {emioq} xo{o fnubmcoa d{el qco Qculkn {nbho `b ]euqc @ba`n& xc`fo qcoao}`hb ed qco _"]" ]meuq {emioq xn} qniob n} qco leaof de{ qco ]FT,=" Ao}w`qo }umc f`bi}x`qc de{o`hb }uwwfò{}& @ba`n‐} }wnmo nmq`t`qp beboqcofo}} aà beq melo qe n cnfq xcob

de{o`hb n}}`}qnbmo xn} {o}q{`mqoa kp qco LQM[" @][E nba @ba`nb `bau}q{p `ba`hobeu}fpaotofewoa lnbp }wnmo nba l`}}`fo qomcbefehò} ndqo{ ko`bh aobòa qco`{ `lwe{q" Qco}o`bmfuaoa }coff mnqnfp}q} de{ {emioq duof& lnhbo}ùl wfnqo} de{ qco W{`qct`& {na`nqèb,cn{aoboa `bqoh{nqoa m`{mu`q} de{ }nqoff`qo}& nba ln{nh`bh }qoof de{ {emioq leqe{ mn}`bh}"Qc`} `ba`hobeu} meb}q{umqèb qpw`mnffp qeei d`to pon{} nba {o}ufqoa `b nb nww{es`lnqofp>7/ `bm{on}o `b oswoba`qu{o}" Qco}o ek}qnmfo} ed q`lo nba lebop xo{o }`hb`d`mnbq `b qco}ce{q,qo{l& kuq komnu}o @][E xn} beq ewo{nq`bh ubao{ {`hà q`lo,meb}q{n`bq}& qco }fex

wnmo ed `ba`hobeu} w{eaumqèb aà beq cu{q @][E w{ejomq}>;> ¹>;;" Qeuqode`}& f‐nbnfp}o ae`qêq{o {ofnq`t`}ào& wu`}~uo we{qnbq }u{ fo }ouf aàtofewwolobq au W{`qct`& l`}}`fo {ofnq`tolobq}`lwfo& ~u`& ao }u{m{eâq& n }euddo{q ao belk{ous aàfn`} ao w{eaumqèb oq aebq f‐uq`f`qà bo}olkfo wn} nte`{ àqà àtàobqo weu{ fo} n{lào} `baòbbo}>;=" F‐osnlob ao} a`ddà{obq} o}}n`}ao f‐Nhb` ; mebau`q ç ao} mebmfu}èb} n}}oz a`ddà{obqo} ao moffo} ao A`b}cnx L`}q{p"Nfosnba{o Wìnpot& o}q`ln`q n`b}` ~uo fo} }nbmqèb} naewqào} wn{ fo} Àqnq},_b`} mebq{oHfntie}le} anb} fo mna{o au mebq{nq ntom f‐@][E ntnòbq boqqolobq obq{ntà foaàtofewwolobq ao qomcbefehò} m{um`nfo} anb} fo aeln`bo knf`}q`~uo ob @bao>;1" Mowobanbq

fo} mebmfu}èb} hàbà{nfo} ao A" L`}q{p {o}qobq w{eknkfolobq osnmqo}" Fo LQM[ wouq mo{qo}{nfobq`{ fo w{eh{nllo ao} Àqnq} ~u` a`}we}obq a‐ubo kn}o `bau}q{òffo l`b`lnfo& ln`} `f bowouq ob numub mn} fo }qewwo{" F‐@bao a`}we}o aà}e{ln`} a‐ubo mnwnm`qà ao w{eaumqèb aol`}}`fo} ao qpwo L[KL oq weu{{n`q }u`t{o& }` offo fo }eucn`qn`q& fo mcol`b w{`} wn{ fn Mc`booq fn [u}}ò ob aàtofewwnbq }eb w{ew{o ln{mcà"

Lêlo }` }eb odd`mnm`qà o}q aà}e{ln`} wn{qòffolobq {ol`}o ob mnu}o& fo LQM[ mebq`buo ndeu{b`{ ub de{ul ao a`}mu}}èb ub`~uo weu{ aàqo{l`bo{ fo} be{lo} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèbknf`}q`~uo oq weu{ loqq{o ob mecà{obmo fo} a`ddà{obq} }p}qãlo} ao mebq{ñfo nus oswe{qnqèb}

a‐nhobq} mc`l`~uo} o}q q{ã} lnf àtnfuà& nfe{} ~uo ao} d{nwwo} l`f`qn`{olobq oddomq`to} {o~uo{{nòbq ub belk{o

q{ã} `lwe{qnbq ao tomqou{}" Fn lobnmo a‐u}nho }u{ ao} m`kfo} m`t`fo}& ~u` wn{q`m`wo ç fn m{ànqèb ao fn a`}}un}èbo}q w{eknkfolobq q{ã} melwfoso ç q{nb}m{`{o }u{ ub wfnb ewà{nqèbbof& ob wn{q`mufò{ dnmo ç ao} wu`}}nbmo}bumfàn`{o} eu dnmo ç ao} Àqnq} a`}we}nbq ao w{eh{nllo} ao }àmu{`qà m`t`fo ntnbmà}" Te`{ }u{ mo} ~uo}qèb} ]qotoDoqqo{& © Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo} nba Xonweb} ed Ln}} Ao}q{umqèb" Xcnq @} qco Qc{onq5 Xcnq ]ceufa ko Aebo5 ¹&

@bqo{bnqèbnf ]omu{`qp& tef" >4& >00> oq K{`nb H" Mcex #oq nf")& N`{ De{mo Ewo{nqèb} `b n Mcol`mnf nba Kèfeh`mnf Obt`{eblobq & Aemulobqoa K{òd`bh& [nba Me{we{nqèb& >003">;> N" Kn}in{nb& A`ddo{obq ]qnho} ed Qomcbefeh`mnf Mnwnk`f`qò} nba qco Oddomq`tobo}} ed Oswe{q Mebq{ef}: QcoMn}o ed @ba`n‐} ]wnmo nba L`}}`fo W{eh{nl}& wnwò{ w{à}obqà fe{} au 0 qc @bqo{bnqèbnf ]ullo{ ]plwe}ùl eb]mòbmo nba Xe{fa Nddn`{}& @qcnmn& Box Pe{i& Ju`ffoq >008">;; A`b}cnx L`}q{p& © Qco Hoe}q{nqoh`m @lwf`mnqèb} ed @ba`n(} ]wnmo W{eh{nl ¹& N}`nb ]u{top& tef" 1>& b· 4&betolk{o,aàmolk{o ;77>& ww" >7;=,>71=">;= L`nb& Bnppn{& oq [nlnbn& © K{`bh`bh W{`qct` aexb qe On{qc ¹& ew" m`q"

>;1 Nfosnbao{ Wìnpot oq nf"& © Ndqo{lnqc& `b [u}}`n& Qco _"]" nba qco L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Mebq{ef [oh`lo ¹"Te`{ àhnfolobq K{ube H{u}offo& L`}}`fo} oq aàdob}o nbq`l`}}`fo ob @bao& [omco{mco oq aemulobq 8%;773&Debanqèb weu{ fn [omco{mco ]q{nqàh`~uo& ;3 dàt{ò{ ;773"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O 1;

bnqèbnus" @f n fn{holobq mebq{`kuà ç wn{dn`{o fo} fàh`}fnqèb} bnqèbnfo}& fo} àmcnbho} aode{lnqèb oq a‐`bde{lnqèb obq{o fo} Àqnq},_b`} oq fn [àwukf`~uo Dàaà{nfo a‐Nffolnhboàqnbq m`qà} mello ubo }e{qo a‐osolwfo àànf>;?" ]ofeb fo} w{ewe} lêlo} ao} {o}web}nkfo}nlà{`mn`b} ob mcn{ho au LQM[& mo} nmq`t`qà} a‐àmcnbho a‐`bde{lnqèb}& a‐euq{onmc oq ao

de{lnqèb w{eau`}obq ao} {à}ufqnq} qnbh`kfo}& p melw{`} ntom fn Mc`bo>;4" ]u{qeuq& anb} foaeln`bo knf`}q`~uo& `f o}q we}}`kfo ao meb}àà{o{ ~uo fo [àh`lo n mebq{`kuà ç dnèebbo{ ubobe{lo ju{à`~uo `bqo{bnqèbnfo>;8& fn tobqo ao }p}qãlo} melwfoq} obq{nbq }wàm`d`~uolobqanb} }o} f`l`qo} weutnbq aà}e{ln`} êq{o meb}àà{ào mello w{ec`kào" Qeuqo fn ~uo}qèb o}qao }nte`{ anb} ~uoffo lo}u{o fo LQM[ wouq& ç fu` }ouf& mebq`buo{ ç {nfobq`{ fn w{ef`dà{nqèbao} qomcbefehò} ao} l`}}`fo} eu }`& nu mebq{n`{o& fou{ }ou`f ao a`ddu}èb nmquof ob dn`qaà}e{ln`} ub `b}q{ulobq `b}udd`}nbq& te`{o mebq{ow{eaumq`d& }` numub euq`f melwfàlobqn`{ob‐o}q l`} ob wfnmo weu{ fo }euqob`{"

Fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb ao} l`}}`fo} : to{} ubo {oaàd`b`qèb ao

f‐nww{emco]` fn a`ddu}èb ao} qomcbefehò} oq ao} euq`f} `bau}q{òf} we}o ub w{ekfãlo ao deba obqo{lo} ao w{ef`dà{nqèb ao} l`}}`fo}& m‐o}q fo ko}e`b m{e`}}nbq ao }p}qãlo} ao d{nwwo obw{edebaou{ ~u` o}q fo wfu} }u}mowq`kfo ao f`l`qo{ fn tefebqà ao} Àqnq} weu{ nh`{" Ob ;77>&fe{}~uo fn [u}}ò w{àm`}o }eb w{ejoq ao Hfeknf Mebq{ef ]p}qol de{ Beb,W{ef`do{nqèb ed

L`}}`fo} nba L`}}`fo Qomcbefehò} #HM])>;3 ~u` t`}o ç {obde{mo{ fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb& offo}euf`hbo q{ã} mfn`{olobq moqqo {ofnqèb : © Qco {on}eb} de{ l`}}`fo w{ef`do{nqèb n{o& qe nmeb}ào{nkfo osqobq& qco nqqolwq} ed ]qnqo} qe d`ba nb}xo{} qe qco wef`q`mnf `b}qnk`f`qp `b`ba`tàunf {ohèb} ed qco xe{fa nba qco`{ odde{q} qe ob}u{o qco`{ }omu{`qp nba }q`lufnqo`bau}q{`nf nba omebel`m aotofewlobq qc{euhc nmmo}} qe l`}}`fo nba }wnmo qomcbefehò}"

@ba`tàunf meubq{ò} n{o }ooi`bh qe }q{obhqcob qco`{ wef`q`mnf nba l`f`qn{p `bdfuobmo kpku`fa`bh nba wo{domq`bh {emioq xonweb}" Qco dnmq qcnq aolnba kohoq} }uwwfp `} nf}e ed be}lnff `lwe{qnbmo ¹>;0" Fn w{ewe}`qèb {u}}o& ~u` t`}o àhnfolobq ç d{o`bo{ fo w{eh{nllonbq`l`}}`fo nlà{`mn`b& bo wo{loq wn} ao }u{lebqo{ fn w{ekfàlnq`~uo ~u‐offo loq obàtàobmo" Offo we}o weu{ w{ànfnkfo fn meb}q`quqèb ao LAM]& nfe{} `b}w`{ào} au [u}}`nb,

>;? Jecb C" Cob}cnx& Qco E{`h`b} ed MEMEL: Fo}}eb} de{ Mebqolwe{n{p W{ef`do{nqèb Mebq{ef [oh`lo}& QcoCob{p F" ]q`l}eb Mobqo{& >00=">;4 © Y""\ Ko`j`bh eto{ qco wn}q pon{ cn} obhnhoa `b n k`fnqo{nf bebw{ef`do{nqèb a`nfehuo x`qc qco _"]" nba Mc`bo}o obde{molobq nuqce{`qò} cnto xe{ioa x`qc _"]" edd`m`nf} qe koh`b qe mfe}o hnw} `b Mc`bn} oswe{q mebq{ef

}p}qol" Mc`bn nf}e cn} nmmowqoa _"]" eddo{} ed oswe{q,mebq{ef,{ofnqoa q{n`b`bh" De{ osnlwfo& Mc`bo}o oswe{q mebq{ef edd`m`nf} wn{q`m`wnqoa `b n Jnbun{p ;773 _"]",Mc`bn `bau}q{p,heto{blobq {ofnqèb} de{ul ao}`hboa qeobmeu{nho `bau}q{p qe melwfp x`qc bnqèbnf oswe{q mebq{ef {ohufnqèb}" Eto{ 17 Mc`bo}o edd`m`nf} {ow{o}obq`bh}`s l`b`}q{ò} nqqobaoa qco xe{i}cew" Naa`qèbnffp& `b n box aotofewlobq ao}`hboa qe melwfolobq eu{ k`fnqo{nfbebw{ef`do{nqèb a`nfehuo& qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} w{ewe}oa nba Mc`bn nh{ooa `b fnqo ;778 qe nffex _"]" edd`m`nf} qeobhnho `b bebw{ef`do{nqèb a`}mu}}èb} a`{omqfp x`qc }elo }qnqo,exboa obqo{w{`}o}& }umc n} BE[@BME nba MHX@M ¹" Aemulobq Xì`foni} ]@WA@] WN[@] DE[ O]Q: COFOB ]L@QC FEBAEB DE[ MC[@] WNFLO[MNBKO[[N DE[ MN[EF CNBFEB& O"E" >;0?3: AOMF: >7%7>%;7== QNH]: LQM[O& OQQM& I]MN& LB_M&WN[L& Q]WN& D[& _I& N]& MC ]_KJOMQ: L@]]@FO QOMCBEFEHP MEBQ[EF [OH@LO #LQM[): MC@BN]

[OME[A EB MEBQ[EFF@BH L@]]@FO,[OFNQOA OSWE[Q]"& ew"m`q">;8 Nkeuf,Obo`b oq Kcn{nqc Hewnfn}xnlp& © Qco l`}}`fo {oh`lo: to{`d`mnqèb& qo}q knb} nba d{oo zebo} ¹&

A`}n{lnlobq De{ul& b·1& ;770">;3

W{ewe}à ob ju`b >000 nu }elloq au H,3 ao Mefehbo">;0 W{ewe}`qèb {u}}o HM] anb} L`}}`fo} [owe{q ed qco ]om{oqn{p,Hobo{nf& N}}olkfào hàbà{nfo ao} Bnqèb}_bò}& N%?4%>=4& ? ju`ffoq ;77>"





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O 1=

Nlo{`mnb Mobq{o de{ qco Osmcnbho ed Anqn d{el On{fp Xn{b`bh ]p}qol} nba Beq`d`mnqèbed L`}}`fo Fnubmco} oq au Je`bq Anqn Osmcnbho Mobqo{ #JAOM)& LAM] de{lnf`}ào} wfu}qn{a anb} fo mna{o au CMEM" Mofu`,m` {ow{à}obqo mo{qo} ubo lo}u{o w{ànfnkfo `lwà{nq`toweu{ àqnkf`{ ub {àh`lo ao mebq{ñfo hfeknf }u{ fo} l`}}`fo} ln`} n weu{ me{effn`{o& weu{

aotob`{ oddomq`d& f‐os`}qobmo a‐ub mna{o ju{à`~uo `bqo{bnqèbnf `bmfunbq qeu} fo}w{eaumqou{}>=7" N moq oddoq& fn w{ewe}`qèb {u}}o t`}n`q q{ã} ju}qolobq ç m{ào{ ub }p}qãloedd{nbq ao} hn{nbqò} ao }àmu{`qà nus Àqnq} {obebènbq nus l`}}`fo} ç mnwnm`qà }q{nqàh`~uo&n}}e{q` a‐`bm`qnqou{} àmebel`~uo}>=>" @b}m{`q anb} fo mna{o a‐ub q{n`qà& fo HM] nu{n`q `bqàh{àfo LQM[ n`b}` ~uo ao} }p}qãlo} ao meewà{nqèb {àhèbnus ao qpwo ZOL& ln`} àhnfolobqub e{hnbo `bqo{bnqèbnf ao tà{`d`mnqèb" ]ofeb mo{qn`b} nbnfp}qo}& fn w{ewe}`qèb {u}}o nu{n`qàhnfolobq t`}à ç {obde{mo{ fo LQM[ ob nmmobqunbq }eb ub`to{}nf`}nqèb oq }eb`b}q`quqèbbnf`}nqèb oq ob f‐nae}}nbq ç f‐e{hnbo ao tà{`d`mnqèb obt`}nhà>=;"

F`l`qo} weqobqòffo} a‐ub `b}q{ulobq mebtobqèbbof

Nu,aofç ao} n}womq} wu{olobq wef`q`~uo} ao fn w{ewe}`qèb {u}}o& moffo,m` edd{o& a‐ub we`bqao tuo qcàe{`~uo& ub leaãfo n}}oz nkeuq` a‐`b}q{ulobq mebtobqèbbof" De{mo o}q weu{qnbqao meb}qnqo{ ~u‐offo {owe}o }u{ q{e`} we}qufnq} beb debmqèbbof} : fn m{ànqèb a‐ubobt`{ebbolobq ao }àmu{`qà wo{loqqnbq fo {obebmolobq nus l`}}`fo}& fo {obebmolobq ob fu`,lêlo oq fn m{ànqèb a‐ub ln{mcà ao }o{t`mo} }wnq`nus ao}q`bà} nus wu`}}nbmo} beb aeqào}"

@f nwwn{nâq ~uo fn lnje{`qà ao} Àqnq} }`quà} ob zebo ao m{`}o b‐nmmowqobq ao {obebmo{ çmo{qn`bo} mnqàhe{ò} a‐n{lolobq ~u‐ob àmcnbho ao hn{nbqò} ao }àmu{`qà de{qo}" Fn Me{ào au]ua n n`b}` l`} ub qolw} ob }u}woba fo aàtofewwolobq ao }eb w{eh{nllo knf`}q`~uo obàmcnbho ao hn{nbqò}& we{qnbq beqnllobq }u{ fn {à`bq{eaumqèb wn{ fo} Oqnq},_b`} aol`}}`fo} Fnbmo ç mnwnm`qà bumfàn`{o" Mo qpwo ao hn{nbqò wouq a`dd`m`folobq êq{o eddo{q anb}ub mebqosqo lufq`fnqà{nf oq f‐eb wouq aebm wob}o{ ~uo fo de{lnq q{na`qèbbof ao} nff`nbmo}

>=7 Te`{ }u{ f‐odd`mnm`qà au CMEM te`{ Mc{`}qewco Mn{fo& © Ao f‐`lwe{qnbmo ao} l`}}`fo} ¹& ew" m`q">=> © Bnqèb} aotofew l`}}`fo} `b e{ao{ qe }q`lufnqo qco`{ }mòbq`d`m nba qomcbefeh`mnf aotofewlobq" Nfqceuhcqco{o n{o be }wom`d`m w{ewe}nf} eb qco we}}`kfo bnqu{o ed qco lomcnb`}l qe a`}meu{nho qcol d{el l`}}`foaotofewlobq de{ qcnq {on}eb& `q `} mfon{ qcnq qco lomcnb`}l ed `bmobq`to} }ceufa w{o}o{to qco `bqo{o}q} ed beb,lolko{ meubq{ò} `b qco`{ qomcbefeh`mnf aotofewlobq kp mcnbbof`bh `q `bqe fo}} ao}qnk`f`z`bh nba wo{cnw} le{ofum{nq`to de{l}" K{`qn`b co{o l`hcq }o{to n} n u}oduf c`}qe{`m w{omoaobq" @b qco on{fp >047} `q aomàoa qe nknbaeb`q} bnqèbnf l`}}`fo w{eh{nl} nba mebmobq{nqoa `b}qona eb }nqoff`qo aotofewlobq , beq fo}} c`hc qomc nmq`t`qp qcnbqco l`}}`fo {ofnqoa ebo" De{ `b}qnbmo& qco `bmobq`to} lomcnb`}l lnp `bmfuao }nqoff`qo fnubmco} de{ beb,lolko{}xc`mc nknbaeboa qco`{ bnqèbnf l`}}`fo w{eh{nl}" Qco fnubmco} meufa ko mebaumqoa kp qco LQM[ meubq{ò} nq na`}meubqoa {nqo" N }`l`fn{ wn{na`hl fnp koc`ba qco aonf a`}mu}}oa koqxoob qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} nba Be{qc Ie{on `bfnqo ;777 eb d{ooz`bh Wpebhpnbh‐} l`}}`fo w{eh{nl `b osmcnbho de{ qc{oo }nqoff`qo fnubmco} w{etàoa de{ qco

Be{qc Ie{onb} d{el n de{o`hb fnubmc }`qo" Nbeqco{ `lwe{qnbq `bmobq`to de{ bnqèb} de{ aotofew`bh qco`{ exbl`}}`fo mnwnk`f`qò} `} {ow{o}obqoa kp qco`{ }omu{`qp meb}ào{nqèb}" De{ naa{o}}`bh qc`}& `b naa`qèb qe nlomcnb`}l ed `bmobq`to}& n lomcnb`}l de{ }omu{`qp n}}u{nbmo} l`hcq ko o}qnkf`}coa" W{eknkfp& co{o n w{omoaobq os`}q`bh `b bumfon{ w{ef`do{nqèb n{on xn} qniob `bqe nmmeubq , xcob qco bumfon{ xonweb wexo{} w{etàoa bohnq`to }omu{`qp n}}u{nbmo} de{ beb,bumfon{ xonweb }qnqo}" @b n le{o `bde{lnf xnp& qco{o `} nb osnlwfomel`bh nhn`b d{el qco _],Be{qc Ie{onb a`nfehuo" Qe }q`lufnqo Wpebhpnbh beq qe {o}qn{q `q} bumfon{ xonweb}

w{eh{nl& qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} nh{ooa beq qe mebaumq fn{ho }mnfo l`f`qn{p oso{m`}o} `b ]euqc Ie{on& meb}ào{oa kp Be{qc Ie{on n} qc{onqob`bh qe `q} bnqèbnf }omu{`qp" Le{o {omobqfp& `b qco l`}}`fo n{on qco AW[I c`bqoa nkeuq `q} we}}`kfo x`ff`bhbo}} qe nknbaeb `q} l`}}`fo w{eh{nl nba beq qe oswe{q l`}}`fo qomcbefehò} `b osmcnbho `bqo{ nf`n de{ duff a`wfelnq`m {omehb`qèb kp qco _b`qoa ]qnqo} ¹" Nfosnbao{ N" Wìnpot& © Hfeknf Mebq{ef ]p}qol: QeeMelw{ocob}`to5 ¹& ;77>&

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`b}q`quào} }o{n`q fo }ouf }u}mowq`kfo a‐êq{o {oqobu" Qeuqode`}& fo} hn{nbqò} eddo{qo} wn{ fo}h{nbao} wu`}}nbmo} dfumquobq ob debmqèb ao wn{nlãq{o} àq{nbho{} nus meba`qèb} ao}àmu{`qà {àhèbnfo}& w{`bm`wo ~uo fn Me{ào au ]ua n wo{èu ntom nmu`qà aã} fo} nbbào} >007&

ju}q`d`nbq fn {ofnbmo ao }o} w{ew{o} w{eh{nllo}" Weu{ mo qpwo a‐Àqnq}& aeqà} a‐ubo kn}o

`bau}q{òffo aàtofewwào oq }`quà} anb} ao} obt`{ebbolobq} ao }àmu{`qà q{ã} nfànqe`{o}#lufq`wf`mnqèb ao} wu`}}nbmo} bumfàn`{o}& `b}qnk`f`qà be{a,me{àobbo& {àà~u`f`k{nho aowu`}}nbmo obq{o fn Mc`bo oq fo} Àqnq},_b`})& fn wfo`bo }euto{n`boqà }u{ fn mebmowqèb ao}à~u`wolobq} ao aàdob}o o}q ub m{`qã{o àfàlobqn`{o ao }àmu{`qà& nu lêlo q`q{o ~uo fnwn{q`m`wnqèb nus nff`nbmo}" Fo {obebmolobq ç fn we}}o}}èb a‐à~u`wolobq} ao aàdob}oaàd`b`} mello aà}qnk`f`}nbq}& qof ~u‐`lwe}à ç fn Me{ào au ]ua wn{ fo} Àqnq},_b`} mo} q{obqoao{b`ã{o} nbbào}& }uwwe}o ao }u{m{eâq ~uo fo} wu`}}nbmo} n}}u{nbq mo} hn{nbqò} a`}we}obqao} mnwnm`qà} ç }‐obhnho{ l`f`qn`{olobq& `lwf`~unbq ob }e`q ub w{emo}}u} aà}qnk`f`}nbq"F‐nmm{e`}}olobq ao} lobnmo} qoba wn{ n`ffou{} ç `bm`qo{ fo} wu`}}nbmo} edd{nbq ao} hn{nbqò}ao }àmu{`qà ç os`ho{ ao fou{} nff`à} ~u‐`f} nmm{e`}}obq fou{ odde{q ao aàdob}o& odde{q ~u`mebau`q ç fn tnfe{`}nqèb ao} à~u`wolobq}& nu b`tonu qnmq`~uo ln`} àhnfolobq nu b`tonu}q{nqàh`~uo" @f o}q a`dd`m`fo ao wob}o{ ~uo fo {obde{molobq ao} mnwnm`qà} ao d{nwwo obw{edebaou{ weu{{n`q êq{o osmfu ao moq odde{q"

Ob naloqqnbq ~u‐ub }p}qãlo ao hn{nbqò} ao }àmu{`qà m{àa`kfo wu`}o êq{o `b}q`quà& fn ~uo}qèbau {obebmolobq ç ubo mnqàhe{ò ao }p}qãlo a‐n{lo }eufãto ub nuq{o w{ekfãlo& ao bnqu{owfu} debanlobqnfo obme{o" Fn l`}o ob ŝut{o a‐ub `b}q{ulobq mebtobqèbbof `bqo{bnqèbnfao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb ao} l`}}`fo} debaà }u{ fo {obebmolobq bo wouq nwwn{nâq{o ~uo melloubo qobqnq`to }uwwfàlobqn`{o ao} wu`}}nbmo} emmàobqnfo} ao ln`bqob`{ fou{ }uwà{è{`qàl`f`qn`{o& ob {o}q{o`hbnbq fn dnmufqà ao} wu`}}nbmo} qò{mo} a‐nm~uà{`{ ao} }p}qãlo} ao d{nwwoob w{edebaou{ oq& ç qo{lo& ao a`}we}o{ a‐ubo mnwnm`qà a‐obhnholobq m{àa`kfo dnmo nush{nbao} wu`}}nbmo}" F‐n}}em`nqèb oswf`m`qo obq{o n{lo ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to oq l`}}`fo&~u` nwwn{nâq aà}e{ln`} }p}qàlnq`~uolobq anb} f‐ob}olkfo ao} `b}q{ulobq} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb w{emãao àhnfolobq ao mo w{`bm`wo& wu`}~u‐offo ju}q`dò f‐nwwf`mnqèb aowef`q`~uo} {o}q{`mq`to} }u{ ao} }p}qãlo} aebq f‐uq`f`}nqèb o}q aà}e{ln`} nlwfolobqaàmeuwfào ao} n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to" Fo} qobqnq`to} weu{ `bmfu{o fo} qomcbefehò}ao} l`}}`fo} bntnf} anb} fo {àh`lo ao mebq{ñfo& ~u` woutobq nwwn{nâq{o mello qomcb`,~uolobq ju}q`d`ào}& ob }ebq ubo `ffu}q{nqèb wnqobqo& mo} tomqou{} àqnbq o}}obqòffolobq}u}mowq`kfo} a‐êq{o uq`f`}à} anb} ao} }q{nqàhò} a‐nbq`,nmmã} mebtobqèbbof}>==" Numub Oqnqw{ef`dà{nbq bo a`}we}o ao fn qomcbefehò weu{ fo} n}}emò{ ç ao} mcn{ho} bumfàn`{o} nfe{} ~uofn dn`kfo}}o ao fn mcn{ho a‐olwe{q {oba f‐uq`f`}nqèb ao mcn{ho} mc`l`~uo} osq{êlolobqmebq{n`hbnbqo" W{e}m{`{o fn a`ddu}èb ao} l`}}`fo} }nb} a`}m{`l`bnqèb ao w{àm`}èb oq ao

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D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O 1?

àfàlobq} ao a`}}un}èb fo wfu} qnbh`kfo& p melw{`} fe{}~uo f‐Àqnq ~u` ob a`}we}o b‐n wn}obme{o fn mnwnm`qà ç tomqe{`}o{ ao} n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to"

@f os`}qo kòb obqobau fn we}}`k`f`qà ao w{ewe}o{ ubo `bqo{a`mqèb beb a`}m{`l`bnbqo&

nwwf`mnkfo ç qeu} fo} Àqnq} ~uof} ~u‐`f} }eòbq" Fo de{lnq ao} `bqo{tobqèb} emmàobqnfo}& aowfu} ob wfu} aàwobanbq ao} d{nwwo} ob w{edebaou{& mello f‐os`}qobmo ao} n{}obnusbumfàn`{o}& fn`}}obq wou ao aeuqo} }u{ fo }euqòb q{ã} {ofnq`d ~uo mo qpwo ao w{ewe}`qèbweu{{n`q {omote`{"

Obd`b& ob f‐nk}obmo a‐e{hnbo ao mebq{ñfo wn{q`muf`ã{olobq `bq{u}`d& fn l`}o ob wfnmo a‐ubq{n`qà f`l`qnbq f‐nmmã} nus qomcbefehò} knf`}q`~uo} os`ho& mello fo }euf`hbo fn w{ewe}`qèb{u}}o oq mello fo we}qufn`q fo LQM[ ç f‐e{`h`bo& ubo {o}q{`mqèb ao} nmmã} nus qomcbefehò}}wnq`nfo}" Ob naloqqnbq ~uo fo} wu`}}nbmo} }wnq`nfo} edd{obq ao} qn{`d} w{àdà{obqòf} nus Àqnq}npnbq dn`q nmqo ao {obebm`nqèb weu{ fo fnbmolobq ao fou{ }nqoff`qo& moqqo }`qunqèb bo do{n`q~uo wà{obb`}o{ ubo }`qunqèb ao lebewefo qomcbefeh`~uo oq `bau}q{òf ~uo fn lnje{`qà ao}

Àqnq} au lebao {ojoqqobq wn{ w{`bm`wo" Fn mebq{own{qò }o{n`q ao m{ào{ ubo nhobmo aomebq{ñfo oq ao tà{`d`mnqèb }u{ fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uo& nus w{à{ehnq`to} {ofnq`tolobqàqobauo}& ~u` a`}we}o{n`q ao fn mnwnm`qà ç tà{`dò{ fo} w{eh{nllo} }wnq`nus oq ç }‐n}}u{o{ aofou{ bnqu{o osmfu}`tolobq m`t`fo" _bo qoffo nhobmo b‐nu{n`q ao }ob} ~uo }` ubo nmmowqnqèbhàbà{nfo }u{ fo aà}n{lolobq knf`}q`~uo àqn`q àqnkfò& mo ~u` b‐o}q nmquoffolobq wn} fo mn}"

To{} ubo {àt`}èb ao fn wo{mowqèb au {ñfo ao} l`}}`fo} oq au mebq{ñfo }u{ fo} q{nb}do{q} qomcbefeh`~uo}

Anb} mo mebqosqo& fn }efuqèb a‐ub {obde{molobq oq a‐ub àfn{h`}}olobq au LQM[ o}qmo{qn`bolobq fn }efuqèb fn wfu} }`lwfo oq fn wfu} odd`mnmo" A‐ubo wn{q& wn{mo ~uo fo [àh`lo

aàlebq{o ubo mnwnm`qà {àoffo ç w{àtob`{ fo} w{ef`dà{nqèb} fo} wfu} anbho{ou}o} oqaà}qnk`f`}nbqo}" A‐nuq{o wn{q& wn{mo ~u‐ubo nwwf`mnqèb wfu} }q{`mqo wn{ mo{qn`b} ao }o}lolk{o} #[u}}ò) oq ao }o} ndd`f`à} #Mc`bo& @}{néf) wo{loqq{n`q ao f`l`qo{ ub wou wfu} fo}aà{`to} w{ef`dà{nbqo}& mebq{`kunbq n`b}` ç {nfobq`{ mo{qn`b} w{eh{nllo} ob meu{}" Qeuqode`}&f‐osqob}èb au {àh`lo ç ub wfu} h{nba belk{o a‐nmqou{} `bau`q ubo a`ddu}èb nmmàfà{ào ao}qomcbefehò}& nfe{} ~uo }n bnqu{o ju{à`~uo bo wouq wo{loqq{o ao w{àtob`{ ub Àqnq lolk{oa‐ob }e{q`{ eu lêlo ao q{nb}dà{o{ ao} qomcbefehò} m{`q`~uo} nus Àqnq} beb lolk{o}" Anb}mo }ob}& ubo de`} ~uo fo LQM[ bo wo{loq wfu} ao }q{umqu{o{ ub lebewefo `bqo{bnqèbnf& `fbo wouq }udd`{o ç n}}u{o{ fn wà{obb`qà a‐ub {àh`lo ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb odd`mnmo" Wn{ n`ffou{}&}eb mn{nmqã{o `bm`qnq`d& weqobqòffolobq de{q ln`} àq{e`qolobq k{àà wn{ ubo wo{mowqèb q{ã}{o}q{`mq`to ao f‐oswe{qnqèb ao} l`}}`fo}& bo }udd`q wfu}& anb} fn de{lo nmquoffo au {àh`lo& ç`bm`qo{ fo} Àqnq} ç fo {oje`ba{o : © Qco LQM[ cn} koob du{qco{ cnlwo{oa kp `q} few}àoa nww{enmc qe w{ef`do{nqèb: `q o}qnkf`}co} oswe{q& e{ }uwwfp,}ào& mebq{ef} x`qceuq `lwe}`bhme{{o}weba`bh aolnba,}ào mebq{ef} eb qco nm~u`}`qèb ed }umc qomcbefehp" Be{ aeo} `q eddo{ weqobq`nf box lolko{} {omelwob}o de{ qco`{ `bto}qlobq} `bqe l`}}`fo qomcbefehp&xc`mc qcop n{o be febho{ }uwwe}oa qe }off n} lolko{}" _bao{ qco}o meba`qèb}& nax`baf`bh bulko{ ed }uwwfò{} cnto qco ln{ioq `bm{on}`bhfp qe qcol}ofto} xc`fo aolnba {oln`b} ubnaa{o}}oa" De{ n }qnqo qcnq cn} `bto}qoa duba} nba oswo{q`}o `bqe l`}}`foaotofewlobq& qco omebel`m {on}eb} de{ }qnp`bh euq ed qco LQM[ lnp ko meb}ào{nkfp}q{ebho{ qcnb de{ je`b`bh `q ¹>=?"

>=? Ln{i ]l`qc& © Eb Qc`b @mo& D`{}q ]qow} de{ qco Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo Meao ed Mebaumq ¹& ew" m`q"






F‐àfn{h`}}olobq au {àh`lo ç ub belk{o m{e`}}nbq a‐Oqnq} o}q àhnfolobq }u}mowq`kfoa‐ob{npo{ obme{o antnbqnho }eb debmqèbbolobq ob deu{b`}}nbq nus Oqnq} ce}q`fo} nusekjomq`d} au {àh`lo& eu }`lwfolobq w{ef`dà{nqou{}& fn mnwnm`qà ao to{{eu`ffo{ fo} aàknq}qomcb`~uo}& ewà{nqèbbof} oq fn {àde{lo ao} a`{omq`to} ob oswfe`qnbq fn {ãhfo au meb}ob}u}

~u` w{àtnuq nu }o`b au {àh`lo" _bo ub`to{}nf`}nqèb ~u` nlãbo{n`q fo {àh`lo ç aotob`{ ubo}e{qo ao mebdà{obmo au aà}n{lolobq }wàm`nf`}ào }u{ fo} ~uo}qèb} ao l`}}`fo} b‐o}q aebmmo{qn`bolobq wn} }eucn`qnkfo"

Fo ln`bqòb au {àh`lo& oq f‐àfn{h`}}olobq ao }eb mcnlw a‐nwwf`mnqèb& bo }ebq weu{ nuqnbqwn} ç w{e}m{`{o" F‐osnlob ao} a`ddà{obq} mn} eð fo LQM[ }‐o}q lebq{à debmqèbbofaàlebq{o ~uo }eb odd`mnm`qà o}q lns`lnfo mebq{o fo} Àqnq} `}efà}& w{à}obqnbq ub `bqà{êq{à}àuof weu{ fo} h{nbao} wu`}}nbmo} knf`}q`~uo} #Me{ào au Be{a eu ]p{ò& wn{ osolwfo&anb} fo mna{o ao fn {ofnqèb w{ef`dà{nbqo ntom fn Mc`bo) eu wo{lànkfo} nus w{o}}èb} a‐Àqnq}de{qolobq `lwf`~uà} anb} fou{ }p}qãlo ao }àmu{`qà #N{nkò }neua`qo eu Me{ào au ]ua anb}fo mna{o ao fou{} {ofnqèb} ntom fo} Àqnq},_b`})" Fo {àh`lo }‐nwwf`~uo ntom ubo lêlo de{mo

obto{} fo} Àqnq} de{qolobq `bqàh{à} }u{ fo ln{mcà `bqo{bnqèbnf ao fn aàdob}o #K{à}`f&N{hobq`bo)& oq mo a‐nuqnbq wfu} }` mo} Àqnq} a`}we}obq aàjç a‐ubo `bau}q{ò l`}}`f`ã{o& fnwfuwn{q ao} }eu},}p}qãlo} ao} l`}}`fo} `bmfunbq ao} melwe}nbq} beb bnqèbnus& beqnllobqnlà{`mn`b}" Fn l`}o ob nwwf`mnqèb }eu{m`ffou}o ao} {àhfolobqnqèb} @QN[ wn{ fo} Àqnq},_b`} qoba n`b}` ç nbbufo{ fo} kàbàd`mo} a‐ubo w{ef`dà{nqèb nmq`to eu qnm`qo ob oswe}nbq fo}mebq{otobnbq} ç fn do{loqu{o au ln{mcà ao aàdob}o nlà{`mn`b" Fo} osolwfo} n{hobq`b} oqk{à}`fòb} {ow{à}obqobq ubo aàleb}q{nqèb qpw`~uo ao fn w{`}o ob melwqo wn{ fo} Àqnq} t`}à}ao f‐`lwnmq ao mo} làmnb`}lo}" Nu,aofç ao mo} mn}& fn wfuwn{q ao} Àqnq} emmàobqnus }ebqous nu}}` mebq{n`bq} ao }eu}m{`{o nus `lwà{nq`d} ao} @QN[& ~u` mebq{`kuobq wu`}}nllobq nu{o}womq ao fou{ obhnholobq ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb" Fn lufq`wf`mnqèb ao} melwe}nbq}`bqo{bnqèbnus nu }o`b ao} }p}qãlo} a‐n{lo} w{ewe}à} wn{ fo} Àqnq} a`}we}nbq a‐ub nmmã}àfn{h` nu ln{mcà `bau`q ~u‐ubo nwwf`mnqèb }q{`mqo ao} obhnholobq} f`à} nu {o}womq ao}f`mobmo} aot{n`q mebq{`kuo{ ç {obde{mo{ f‐odd`mnm`qà au LQM["

]u`tnbq moqqo nww{emco& {o}qnu{o{ f‐odd`mnm`qà au LQM[ {otòbq ç nmm{eâq{o }eb oddoq `bm`qnq`d oq dnte{`}o{ nmq`tolobq fo} àmcnbho} qomcbefeh`~uo} obq{o Àqnq} lolk{o}" @f }‐nh`q ao} aousn}womq} au lêlo w{`bm`wo& mofu` ao fn f`kà{nf`}nqèb au {àh`lo ao} oswe{qnqèb} ao l`}}`fo&debaào }u{ f‐àào ~uo fo} Àqnq} bo }euqòba{ebq ub {àh`lo ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb ~uo }‐`fwoutobq o}melwqo{ ub kàbàd`mo a`{omq weu{ fou{ }àmu{`qà oq ~uo fn lufq`wf`mnqèb ao}àmcnbho} ae`q }‐nmmelwnhbo{ a‐obhnholobq }q{`mq }u{ fo {o}womq ao} f`mobmo}>=4"

Moqqo feh`~uo ao ln{mcà bo wouq nte`{ ub }ob} ~uo }` fn wo{mowqèb au {ñfo ao} l`}}`fo} ç

mnwnm`qà }q{nqàh`~uo àtefuo" Mello mofn n àqà }euf`hbà& fo} qobqnq`to} ao {àhufnqèb ao fou{w{ef`dà{nqèb }ebq n}}em`ào} ç fou{ mnwnm`qà ç q{nb}we{qo{ ao} n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`toln`} àhnfolobq ç fn lobnmo ~u‐`f} debq wo}o{ }u{ fo} de{mo} l`f`qn`{o} fo} wfu} aàtofewwào}"Fo ln`bqòb ao mo} aous feh`~uo} o}q a`dd`m`folobq }euqobnkfo }` f‐eb o}melwqooba`huo{ fn w{ef`dà{nqèb" Fo} Àqnq} bo woutobq obt`}nho{ ao }euqob`{ wfo`bolobq ubw{emo}}u} ao mebq{ñfo ~uo }` mofu`,m` b‐obq{nto wn} fou{} mnwnm`qà} l`f`qn`{o} q{na`qèbboffo}ln`} t`}o ekjomq`tolobq ç w{e}m{`{o f‐uq`f`}nqèb ao} }ouf} tomqou{} ao} n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb

>=4 Moqqo feh`~uo b‐o}q mowobanbq nwwf`mnkfo ~uo }` fo} Àqnq} }o aeqobq a‐ubo mnwnm`qà ao leb`qe{`bh }udd`}nbqo ”mo ~u` o}q fe`b a‐êq{o fo mn} nmquoffolobq ” ln`} àhnfolobq }‐`f} nmmowqobq ao }nbmqèbbo{ fo} obq{ow{`}o} ~u` bo{o}womqo{nòbq fo} obhnholobq} f`à} nus f`mobmo} oq nus mo{q`d`mnq} a‐uq`f`}nqèb d`bnfo" N moq àhn{a& oq mo b‐o}q wn}

ubo }u{w{`}o& mo b‐o}q wn} qnbq fo LQM[ ~u` aot{n`q êq{o {àde{là ~uo fo} }p}qãlo} ao mebq{ñfo} nus oswe{qnqèb}bnqèbnus& fn w{`}o ao }nbmqèb wn{ ub Àqnq àqnbq ewq`l`}ào wn{ fn w{`}o ao }nbmqèb} à~u`tnfobqo} wn{ fo} nuq{o}Àqnq} lolk{o}"






ln}}`to" N`b}`& oq nu}}` wn{naesnf ~uo mofn wu`}}o }olkfo{& f‐nmmã} nus qomcbefehò} ao}l`}}`fo} aot{n`q ntnbq qeuq ekà`{ nus {ãhfo} q{na`qèbboffo} ao} ln{mcà} ao f‐n{lolobq&ln`} êq{o meba`qèbbà ç ubo }q{`mqo nwwf`mnqèb ao} obhnholobq} ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèbbumfàn`{o& mc`l`~uo oq kèfeh`~uo" Qeuq Àqnq cebe{nbq }o} obhnholobq} `bqo{bnqèbnus ao

beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb aotòba{n`q àf`h`kfo ç f‐nmcnq oq ç fn tobqo ao mo} tomqou{} oq ao fou{} }eu},}p}qãlo} oq aebm ç ubo nacà}èb nu LQM[" Fn mnwnm`qà ao} Àqnq} lolk{o} ç }o aeqo{ ao moqpwo ao tomqou{} oq qomcbefehò} fo} `bm`qo{n`q ç nm~uà{`{ fo} qomcbefehò} fo} wfu} odd`mnmo}oq beb wfu} ç qobqo{ ao fo} aàtofewwo{ ous,lêlo}& lufq`wf`nbq fo} àmcnbho} `bqo{bnqèbnusnu b`tonu ao} }eu},}p}qãlo} oq nmm{e`}}nbq fo mebq{ñfo weutnbq êq{o oddomquà ç q{nto{} fo}f`mobmo}" Fn dnm`f`qnqèb ao f‐nmmã} nus l`}}`fo} oq ç fou{ qomcbefehò aot{n`q ob mebq{own{qòêq{o n}}em`ào ç fn l`}o ob wfnmo a‐ub {àh`lo a‐`b}womqèb& ~u` weu{{n`q meb}o{to{ }eb nmquofde{lnq k`fnqà{nf& eu weu{{n`q w{oba{o ubo de{lo wfu} àtefuào mello moffo aàjç `b}q`quàoanb} fo} q{n`qà} ao lnâq{`}o ao} n{lolobq} oq ao aà}n{lolobq} àqnkf`} obq{o fo} Àqnq},_b`}oq fn [u}}ò" Fo} `b}womqèb} we{qo{nòbq }u{ fn mcn{ho ao} tomqou{}& oq beb }u{ fo} tomqou{}ous,lêlo}>=8 ln`} aot{nòbq àhnfolobq ao} leanf`qà} t`}nbq ç dnte{`}o{ fo mebq{ñfo ao}f`mobmo} a‐uq`f`}nqèb d`bnfo oq fo} nmq`t`qà} ao} uq`f`}nqou{} d`bnf}"

Kòb ~uo mo qpwo ao} w{emàau{o} ao tà{`d`mnqèb àfnke{ào} os`}qobq anb} fo mna{o ao q{n`qà}k`fnqà{nus eu anb} fo mna{o ao f‐E@NM& `f o}q w{eknkfo ~u‐ubo ewwe}`qèb ao w{`bm`wo }o{n`qde{lufào ç f‐obmebq{o ao qeuq w{emo}}u} ao tà{`d`mnqèb hàbà{nf`}à" Qeuqode`}& `f b‐o}q wn}mo{qn`b ~uo fo} Àqnq} }eul`} ç fn lobnmo a‐n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to tomqe{`}ào}& m(o}q,ç,a`{o fn qeqnf`qà ao} Àqnq} au Hefdo wo{}`~uo& ub mo{qn`b belk{o a‐Àqnq} au W{emco oq auLepob,E{òbq& oq fn ~un}`,qeqnf`qà ao} Àqnq} n}`nq`~uo} }eòbq ewwe}à} ç f‐àào a‐ubo`b}womqèb ao fn mcn{ho ao fou{} tomqou{} ob àmcnbho a‐ubo wfu} h{nbao dnm`f`qàa‐nm~u`}`qèb" @f o}q w{eknkfo ~uo wfu} ~uo fo} `b}womqèb}& mo }ebq fo} leanf`qà} ao mo}ao{b`ã{o} ~u` }o{nòbq a`}muqào}" Ao dn`q& fo w{`bm`wo ao} `b}womqèb} os`}qo aàjç nu b`tonuk`fnqà{nf& fo} Àqnq},_b`} qobqnbq ao fo} `lwe}o{ fe{} ao f‐euto{qu{o ao fou{ ln{mcà ç aobeutonus Oqnq}" Offo} os`}qobq nu}}` ao lnb`ã{o wfu} hfeknfo nu b`tonu ao} Tnfànqoa Oba _}o{} ln`} }ebq àhnfolobq `b}q`quào} anb} fo mna{o ao} }nbmqèb} naewqào} mebq{o fo}obq{ow{`}o} ~u` }ebq w{`}o} ob tèfnqèb ao} @QN[>=3" F‐ewwe}`qèb ao} Àqnq} aotnbq }o}euloqq{o ç mo} `b}womqèb} #Mc`bo anb} fo mn} ao} TO_ oq @bao anb} fo mna{o au O_TN)`bm`qo ç wob}o{ ~u‐n}}emò{ }p}qàlnq`~uolobq moffo},m` ç f‐nacà}èb ao} Àqnq} nu LQM[

>=8 F‐àào a‐ubo `b}womqèb ao} mcn{ho} o}q ntnbmào aowu`} ub mo{qn`b qolw}" Te`{ wn{ osolwfo Jecb Wìo& ]wnmoWexo{ @bqo{o}q}: Nlo{`mnb Wo{}womq`to}& wnwò{ w{à}obqà nu Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo nba ]wnmo Xe{i}cew& Lebqo{op@b}q`quqo ed @bqo{bnqèbnf ]quaò}& Lebqo{op& Mnf`de{bò& 4 ju`b >00=" Eb fn {oq{euto }eu} ubo de{lo fàhã{olobq

a`ddà{obqo mcoz [eb Cu`}iob ~u` }euf`hbo f‐`bqà{êq l`bou{ a‐`bto}q`{ wef`q`~uolobq }u{ ubo àf`l`bnqèb ao}l`}}`fo} knf`}q`~uo} ” dnuqo ao {à}ufqnq} ç nqqoba{o ” oq w{ewe}o ao }o mebmobq{o{ }u{ fn beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb ao} n{lo}ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to& #[eb Cu`}iob& © Hfeknf`}`bh qco @BD Q{onqp: Qco ko}q xnp qe `bc`k`q qco w{ef`do{nqèb ed febh,{nbho l`}}`fo}5 ¹& Xe{i`bh Wnwo{ b·170& ]q{nqoh`m $ Aodobmo ]quaò} Mobq{o #Nu}q{nfò)& ln` ;770">=3 © Wu{}unbq qe ;; MD[ ¨>;8">7& qco N}}`}qnbq ]om{oqn{p de{ Wef`q`mnf,L`f`qn{p Nddn`{} `} nuqce{`zoa qe `lwe}om`t`f wobnfqò} de{ tèfnqèb} ed qco N{l} Oswe{q Mebq{ef Nmq #NOMN) nba qco @bqo{bnqèbnf Q{ndd`m `b N{l}

[ohufnqèb} #@QN[)" @lwe}`qèb ed m`t`f wobnfqò} hobo{nffp `bmfuao} qco wnplobq ed d`bo} qe qco _"]" Q{on}u{pnba n Meb}obq Nh{oolobq& ubao{ xc`mc qco melwnbp `} {o~u`{oa qe `b}q`quqo obcnbmoa melwf`nbmo lon}u{o}" QcoMeb}obq Nh{oolobq euqf`bo} qco lon}u{o} {o~u`{oa qe obcnbmo melwf`nbmo w{eh{nl}" Qco}o lnp `bmfuaonwwe`bqlobq ed n ]wom`nf Melwf`nbmo Edd`mo{ #]ME)& `b}q`quqèb ed n wef`mp ed aob`nf& aokn{lobq& mebaumq ed melw{ocob}`to nua`q}& e{ `b}q`quqèb ed n +m{nafo,qe,h{nto+ oswe{q q{nmi`bh }p}qol" Onmc Meb}obq Nh{oolobq `}qn`fe{oa qe qco oswe{q tèfnqèb} qcnq emmu{{oa qco meewo{nq`tobo}} ed qco melwnbp `b mel`bh qe {o}efuqèb& nba qco fotof ed melwf`nbmo lon}u{o} nf{onap `b wfnmo nq qco melwnbp nq qco q`lo xcob qco Meb}obq Nh{oolobq

obqo{} `bqe de{mo ¹" A`{omqe{nqo ed Aodob}o Q{nao Mebq{ef& _"]" Aown{lobq ed ]qnqo" Te`{ àhnfolobq fo} a`ddà{obq}mn} a‐`b}womqèb} oq ao leb`qe{`bh {àwo{qe{`à} }u{ fo }`qo au AAQM#cqqw:%%xxx"wlaaqm"}qnqo"het%melwf`nbmo%meb}obqUnh{oolobq}"cqlf )"






lns`l`}o{n`q fn w{eknk`f`qà ao fo} `b}q`quo{" Ao} `b}womqèb} }u{ fo} }`qo} ao w{eaumqèb}weu{{nòbq wo{loqq{o ao mebd`{lo{ ~uo fn mcn{ho ao} tomqou{} o}q kòb ao}q`bào ç êq{o ubomcn{ho mebtobqèbboffo& wo{loqqnbq ao {à}eua{o fn ~uo}qèb ao} `b}womqèb} }u{ fo} }`qo} aoaàwfeòlobq ao} n{lo}& ~u` }u}m`qo{nòbq q{ã} w{eknkfolobq ubo ewwe}`qèb obme{o wfu}

de{qo"

Fn l`}o ob wfnmo a‐`b}womqèb} }u{ fn mcn{ho ao} l`}}`fo} bo {à}euq wn} fn ~uo}qèb a‐ubodnm`f`qnqèb ao} q{nb}do{q} to{} fo} Oqnq} aeqà} a‐n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèb ln}}`to ln`} bo }of`t{nbq wn} ç ao} nmq`t`qà} w{ef`dà{nbqo} #Oqnq} aeqà}& @bao& @}{néf)" @f o}q w{eknkfo ~uo ao}osmowqèb} weu{{nòbq êq{o nmme{aào} nus Àqnq} {àwebanbq ç ao} m{`qã{o} a‐osolwfn{`qà&mello ob qàle`hbo fo {nww{emcolobq obq{o f‐@bao oq fo} Àqnq},_b`}" Fo {àh`lo {o}qo{n`qaebm wn{qòffolobq a`}m{`l`bnqe`{o& w{ekfãlo ~u` bo wouq êq{o {à}efu ~uo anb} ubowo{}womq`to wfu} tn}qo ao beb,w{ef`dà{nqèb" _bo qoffo nww{emco wo{loqq{n`q bànble`b}a‐nwwf`~uo{ ao} w{o}}èb} wfu} `bqob}o} }u{ fo} Àqnq} a`}we}nbq a‐n{lo} ao ao}q{umqèbln}}`to ln`} beb àf`h`kfo} ç ub nmmã} w{`t`fàh`à nus qomcbefehò} oq nus tomqou{}& }e`q au

dn`q ao fou{} nmq`t`qà} w{ef`dà{nbqo}& }e`q au dn`q ao} mn{obmo} lnb`do}qo} ao fou{} }p}qãlo}ao mebq{ñfo ao} oswe{qnqèb}" Anb} mo }ob}& ob w{obnbq f‐osolwfo `bae,wni`}qnbn`}& f‐@bao}o{n`q ç lêlo ao aàtofewwo{ }eb n{}obnf wfu} dnm`folobq& nfe{} ~u‐`f }o{n`q anb} f‐`bqà{êq auWni`}qnb ao {obde{mo{ }eb {àh`lo ao mebq{ñfo nus oswe{qnqèb} oq ao mo}}o{ }o} nmq`t`qà}w{ef`dà{nbqo} weu{ o}melwqo{ kàbàd`mò{ ao} lêlo} w{`t`fãho}" Eb beqo{n ~uo moqqo feh`~uoao f`kà{nf`}nqèb n aàjç àqà nwwf`~uào anb} fo mna{o ao f‐nmme{a ao meewà{nqèb bumfàn`{oobq{o fo} Àqnq},_b`} oq f‐@bao #nmme{a >;=) oq ~u‐offo n aàjç ao} {àwo{mu}}èb} anb} foaeln`bo ao} qomcbefehò} l`}}`fo} #f‐nmme{a >;= {o~uà{nbq ubo ek}o{tnqèb au LQM[ wn{f‐@bao)& wfnènbq fo Wni`}qnb anb} ubo we}`qèb `bmebde{qnkfo"

Wn{nffãfolobq& fn [u}}ò weu{{n`q }o lebq{o{ `bqà{o}}ào wn{ mo qpwo a‐nww{emco& ~u` fu`

wo{loqq{n`q a‐oso{mo{ ub mebq{ñfo wfu} }q{`mq }u{ }o} f`mobmo} oq ao aàtofewwo{ }o} ln{mcà}ce{} ao }o} zebo} a‐`bdfuobmo q{na`qèbboffo}" Offo weu{{n`q n`b}` {obqnk`f`}o{ ao} d`f`ã{o}`bau}q{òffo} ju}~u‐nfe{} o}}obqòffolobq d`bnbmào} nu b`tonu bnqèbnf ln`} àhnfolobqnqqàbuo{ }n aàwobanbmo ç f‐àhn{a ao ln{mcà} }u{ fo}~uof} offo b‐o}q wn} ob lo}u{o a‐oso{mo{ao mebq{ñfo }u{ f‐u}nho ao }o} qomcbefehò}" N f‐`bto{}o& fn Mc`bo }o q{euto{n`q `b`q`nfolobqosmfuo a‐ub qof {àh`lo& fo kuq b‐àqnbq wn} qnbq ao f`l`qo{ fo aàtofewwolobq ao }o} `bau}q{ò}knf`}q`~uo} ~uo ao {o}q{o`ba{o }eb àlo{hobmo }u{ fo ln{mcà `bqo{bnqèbnf" Fç obme{o& `f o}qwo{l`} ao wob}o{ ~uo }` fo} ln{mcà} ao f‐n{lolobq aotnòbq }o do{lo{ ç fn Mc`bo& au dn`q aofn mebmu{{obmo osnmo{kào ao} nuq{o} h{nba} w{eaumqou{}& `f weu{{n`q êq{o anb} f‐`bqà{êq aoWài`b ao mo}}o{ mo{qn`b} àmcnbho} w{ef`dà{nbq}"

Fn f`kà{nf`}nqèb au ln{mcà ao} l`}}`fo} nu{n`q ao} meb}à~uobmo} h{nto}& wu`}~u‐offonmmàfà{o{n`q fo {àà~u`f`k{nho obq{o fo} de{mo} l`f`qn`{o} ao} a`ddà{obq} Àqnq} ao fn wfnbãqo&nmmobquo{n`q fn tufbà{nk`f`qà ao} de{mo} }u}mowq`kfo} ao }o f`t{o{ ç ao} `bqo{tobqèb}osqà{òu{o} oq aàlufq`wfò{n`q fo} we}}`k`f`qà} ao d{nwwo} }q{nqàh`~uo} obq{o Oqnq}" Offo{`}~uo{n`q àhnfolobq a‐nf`lobqo{ ao} meu{}o} nus n{lolobq} {àhèbnfo}"

@f dnuq qeuqode`} meb}àà{o{ ~uo fo} d{nwwo} }q{nqàh`~uo} mebtobqèbboffo} b‐ebq ~u‐ub`bqà{êq f`l`qà" Offo} }o ju}q`dòbq ntnbq qeuq anb} ub mna{o ewà{nqèbbof oq b‐ebq ~u‐ub `bqà{êq{à}àuof anb} ubo ewq`~uo a`}}un}`to #d{nwwo} ao qo{{ou{)" Mebq{n`{olobq ç f‐àào {oèuo& moqpwo ao meu{}o nus n{lolobq} b‐oswe}o{n`q wn} de{molobq fo} wewufnqèb} ç ub {`}~uo wfu}h{nba" F‐osolwfo ao fn huo{{o @{nb,@{ni b‐o}q ob oddoq ~uo wn{qòffolobq {ow{eaumq`kfo& mn{

{n{o} }ebq fo} Àqnq} ~u` ebq nmmã} ç ao fn{ho} tefulo} a‐n{lo} knf`}q`~uo} nfe{} ~uo fo meùqub`qn`{o a‐ub l`}}`fo knf`}q`~uo leao{bo o}q }nb} mellubo lo}u{o ntom fo meùq ao} ]mua






q{nb}dà{à} ob @{ni" Fn }ewc`}q`mnqèb m{e`}}nbqo ao} n{lo} `lwf`~uo làmnb`~uolobq ubo{àaumqèb au tefulo ao} }qemi} #nuhlobqnqèb ao} meùq} a‐nm~u`}`qèb) oq ub u}nho }àfomq`d t`}nbq ç lns`l`}o{ fo} oddoq} l`f`qn`{o}" Fo} mebq{o,lo}u{o} w{`}o} wn{ fo} Àqnq} m`kfo}#au{m`}}olobq& a`}wo{}èb ao} m`kfo} weqobqòffo}) `lwf`~uobq fo wfu} }eutobq ~u‐ub

lns`lul ao tomqou{} }eòbq nqq{`kuà} ç ao} m`kfo} l`f`qn`{o}& {àau`}nbq fo }qemi a`}web`kfoweu{ ao} d{nwwo} ao qo{{ou{" Anb} moqqo wo{}womq`to& fn f`kà{nf`}nqèb au mello{mo ao}l`}}`fo} w{à}obqo fo aeukfo ntnbqnho ao wo{loqq{o nus Àqnq} lobnmà} wn{ ao} Àqnq}w{ef`dà{nbq} ao mebq{o{ fn lobnmo& te`{o& au dn`q a‐ub apbnl`}lo àmebel`~uo wfu} h{nba&a‐nfqà{o{ ub à~u`f`k{o ao} de{mo} ju}~u‐nfe{} aàdnte{nkfo ln`} àhnfolobq a‐nmmobquo{ fnw{o}}èb àmebel`~uo }u{ fo} Àqnq} w{ef`dà{nbq}& mebq{n`bq} ao leao{b`}o{ ç fou{ qeu{ fou{}qemi oq a‐nmm{eâq{o }n {à}`fòbmo& }nb} weu{ nuqnbq kàbàd`mò{ ao} ntnbqnho} a‐ub nmmã} nuln{mcà `bqo{bnqèbnf"

Anb} mo mna{o& `f dnuq àhnfolobq qob`{ melwqo ~uo ao beutoffo} tobqo} ao l`}}`fo} çmnwnm`qà }q{nqàh`~uo bo weu{{n`q }o dn`{o ~u‐ob n}}em`nqèb ntom fn tobqo ao }o{t`mo}

#q{nb}do{q ao aebbào} }nqoff`qn`{o} oq ao aebbào} ao huànho)" Fo} oddoq} }q{umqu{nbq} ao moqpwo ao }o{t`mo} }ebq meb}àà{nkfo}& fo wn{qnho ao aebbào} ao m`kfnho oq ao huànho bo }odn`}nbq ~u‐obq{o Àqnq} }q{nqàh`~uolobq w{emco}" Wn{nffãfolobq& fn meb}q`quqèb a‐ubomnwnm`qà ao d{nwwo ç temnqèb }q{nqàh`~uo os`ho ub obt`{ebbolobq qomcb`~uo mebq{n`hbnbq&~u` mebq{`kuo de{qolobq ç àqnkf`{ ubo {ofnqèb w{`t`fàh`ào obq{o f‐Àqnq deu{b`}}ou{ oq f‐Àqnqnm~uà{ou{" _bo de`} ao wfu}& fn qobqnqèb ~uo mo{qn`b} Àqnq} weu{{nòbq nte`{ ao aàtofewwo{ao} n{mc`qomqu{o} nuqebelo }o q{euto{n a‐nuqnbq wfu} {àau`qo ~uo mo qpwo a‐n{mc`qomqu{o }o{nl`}o ç a`}we}`qèb wn{ fo} h{nbao} wu`}}nbmo}& oq wfu} wn{q`muf`ã{olobq wn{ fo} Àqnq},_b`}"

F‐ewqèb ao fn f`kà{nf`}nqèb wn{q au meb}qnq ~uo fo LQM[ o}q aà}e{ln`} le`b} ç lêlo aof`l`qo{ fn a`ddu}èb ao} qomcbefehò}" Beb }oufolobq `f o}q aeuqous ~uo fo }ouf

{obde{molobq ao} be{lo} ao mebq{ñfo au LQM[ wu`}}o oba`huo{ moffo,m` ln`}& qeuq numebq{n`{o& anb} f‐àqnq nmquof ao fn a`ddu}èb ao} }nte`{,dn`{o `bau}q{òf}& offo `bm`qo fo} Àqnq} çaàtofewwo{ ao} mnwnm`qà} bnqèbnfo} }u{ fo}~uoffo} fo} mebq{ñfo} }ebq wfu} melwfoso} çàqnkf`{& m{ào ao beutonus nmqou{} `bau}q{òf} àmebel`~uolobq wou t`nkfo} oq q{ã}aàwobanbq} ao} ln{mcà} ç f‐oswe{qnqèb oq aebbo ubo w{`lo nus oswe{qnqou{} beb mebq{n`bq}wn{ fo {àh`lo eu `b}udd`}nllobq mebq{n`bq} wn{ fu`" N le`b} ao wo{loqq{o nus `bau}q{ò}ao} h{nba} wnp} `bau}q{òf} oq aàlem{nq`~uo} ao {à`bto}q`{ mo ln{mcà& fn aolnbao aoqomcbefehò} knf`}q`~uo} o}q q{ã} }u}mowq`kfo ao dnte{`}o{ fo aàtofewwolobq ao} `bau}q{ò}mc`be`}o} oq {u}}o} }u{ fo}~uoffo} numub mebq{ñfo b‐o}q obme{o {àoffolobq we}}`kfo"F‐osolwfo qu{m aàlebq{o ~uo fo} wnp} q{na`qèbboffolobq nm~uà{ou{} ao qomcbefehò}emmàobqnfo} }‐ob aàqeu{bobq aà}e{ln`}& nu leq`d au weà} osmo}}`d ao} mebq{n`bqo}wef`q`~uo} oq qomcb`~uo} ~u` }‐p n}}emòbq" Moqqo àtefuqèb o}q a‐nuqnbq wfu} aellnhonkfo~u‐offo wn{q`m`wo ç fn a`}}efuqèb ao fòb} ao }àmu{`qà ~u` }ebq ous,lêlo} ubo hn{nbqò aobeb,w{ef`dà{nqèb"

Ao belk{ous n}womq} ao fn w{à}obqo nbnfp}o b‐nwwe{qobq {òb ao boud" Ob >001& Aoke{ncN" Ezhn w{à}obqo aàjç belk{o ao w{`bm`wo} {ow{`} `m` ~unba offo nke{ao fo} {àde{lo}we}}`kfo} au {àh`lo>=0& nfe{} ~uo Xpb Kexob>17& anb} }eb nbnfp}o au debmqèbbolobq au

>=0 © Qco{o n{o bulo{eu} we}}`k`f`qò} de{ o`qco{ {o}cnw`bh qco LQM[ e{ `bqoh{nq`bh k{enao{ oswe{q mebq{ef nba n{l} mebq{ef ewqèb} `bqe qco {oh`lo" ]elo w{ewe}nf} `bmfuao `bqo{bnqèbnf`z`bh qco @bqo{loa`nqo,{nbho Bumfon{ De{mo} Q{onqp {oaum`bh xe{fa n{}obnf} qe qco zo{e knff`}q`m l`}}`fo fotof 9 m{onq`bh nb `bqo{bnqèbnf

mfon{`bhceu}o de{ aunf,u}o oswe{q} 9 m{onq`bh n Xe{fa ]wnmo E{hnb`znqèb qe `bmfuao nb `bqo{bnqèbnf `b}womqèb}p}qol de{ qco fnubmc ed }wnmo ekjomq} 9 o}qnkf`}c`bh ed nb `bqo{bnqèbnf fnubmc beq`d`mnqèb mobqo{ #qe `bmfuaoknff`}q`m l`}}`fo qo}q})9 m{onq`bh n xn{cona `b}womqèb {oh`lo 9 aotofew`bh mebdàobmo ku`fa`bh lon}u{o} 9 nba





D E B A N Q @ E B weu{ fn [ O M C O [ M C O ] Q [ N Q À H @ ^ _ O ?7

{àh`lo au{nbq }o} ~u`bzo w{ol`ã{o} nbbào} a‐os`}qobmo& ob aàm{`q ao lnb`ã{o `bd`b`lobqwfu} aàqn`ffào fo} f`l`qo} obaehãbo} oq osehãbo}& fo}~uoffo}& ubo aàmobbò wfu} qn{a& b‐ebq~uo wou àtefuà" F‐à{e}èb meb}qnbqo ao f‐`bdfuobmo au LQM[ }u{ fn w{ef`dà{nqèb knf`}q`~uob‐o}q aebm wn} qnbq auo ç ub aàd`m`q a‐oswo{q`}o ~u‐ç ubo nk}obmo a‐àtefuqèb mebmowquoffo

}u}mowq`kfo ao wo{loqq{o fn l`}o ob ŝut{o ao} }efuqèb} w{à}obqào} aowu`} wfu} ao t`bhq nb}wn{ a`ddà{obq} oswo{q}" Moqqo àtefuqèb o}q debaào }u{ fn {omebbn`}}nbmo ao f‐uq`f`qà l`f`qn`{o© ub`to{}offo ¹ ao} }p}qãlo} ao d{nwwo ob w{edebaou{ oq }u{ ubo wo{mowqèb beutoffo ao}`bm`qnqèb} weutnbq mebau`{o ç ubo lo`ffou{o ek}o{tnqèb au {àh`lo oq ç ubo lo`ffou{onmmowqnqèb au {obde{molobq ao }o} mebq{n`bqo}"

Anb} fn wo{}womq`to a‐ubo f`kà{nf`}nqèb ao f‐nmmã} nus qomcbefehò} l`}}`fo}& fo LQM[{o}qo{n`q aebm ub `b}q{ulobq mobq{nf& wu`}~u‐`f mebq`buo{n`q ç obmna{o{ fo} oswe{qnqèb}}ob}`kfo}" Mo{qo}& }o} ao{bò{} oddoq} mebq{n`hbnbq} {`}~uo{nòbq& ç meu{q qo{lo ao }‐nqqàbuo{obme{o& q{nb}de{lnbq fo {àh`lo ob de{ul a‐cn{leb`}nqèb" Qeuqode`}& fo {obde{molobq ao}`bm`qnqèb} ç p nacà{o{ #fn f`kà{nf`}nqèb a‐nmmã} nus qomcbefehò}) oq fo de{lnq obme{o {àau`q

au {àh`lo& weu{{nòbq wo{loqq{o ao au{m`{ meb}àà{nkfolobq fo} meba`qèb} a‐nmmã}&a‐obmfobmco{ ubo apbnl`~uo ao {obde{molobq ekf`hà ao} {àh`lo} a‐oswe{qnqèb bnqèbnusoq ao dnte{`}o{ fn l`}o ob wfnmo ao {àh`lo} a‐`b}womqèb wfu} }q{`mq} eu beutonus#`b}womqèb} }u{ fn mcn{ho ao} tomqou{})" N`b}`& weu{{n`q }o }uk}q`quo{ ç fn w{ef`dà{nqèbnbn{mc`~uo ~u` }o w{ed`fo ubo a`}}àl`bnqèb }q{umqu{ào w{ed`qnkfo ç ubo lnje{`qà a‐Àqnq}}eul`} ç ao} mebq{n`bqo} ao }àmu{`qà {àoffo} oq buffolobq aà}`{ous ao w{ef`dà{o{"

meb}efànq`bh qco LQM[ x`qc eqco{ {oh`lo} ” }umc n} qco Febaeb ]uwwfò{} H{euw ” qe de{l n }uwo{ {oh`lo" Lumc meufa nf}e ko fon{boa d{el eqco{ bebw{ef`do{nqèb e{ mebdàobmo,ku`fa`bh {oh`lo}" Qco Bumfon{ Beb,W{ef`do{nqèb Q{onqp& qco Mcol`mnf Xonweb} Mebtobqèb& qco _B N{l} Q{nao [oh`}qo{& nba qco Mebdo{obmo eb]omu{`qp nba Meewo{nqèb `b Ou{ewo mnb w{etào `b}`hcq} `bqe box we}}`k`f`qò} x`qc {o}womq qe xcnq `}

nmcòtnkfo `b qco {onfl} ed }ndohun{a`bh& `b}womqèb}& q{nb}wn{obmp {owe{q`bh& nba m{`}`} w{otobqèb" [ohn{afo}}ed qco nww{enmc& {omeb}q`quq`bh qco LQM[ qe m{onqo n }euba `b}q{ulobq qe naa{o}} duqu{o l`}}`fo w{ef`do{nqèb`}}uo} xeufa booa qe `bmfuao: , N fohnffp k`ba`bh `b}q{ulobq qcnq w{etào} mfon{fp x{`qqob oswe{q huàof`bo} ebxc`mc }qnqo} mnb kn}o bnqèbnf oswe{q mebq{ef}" #@q }ceufa ko dn`{fp bn{{ex `b `bqo{w{oqnqèb")" , N lomcnb`}l qe

w{etào {omeu{}o `b qco otobq ed {oh`lo tèfnqèb} e{ huàof`bo `bqo{w{oqnqèb a`}wuqo}" , N lonb} ed dnm`f`qnq`bhnba hun{nbqoo`bh aunf,u}o qomcbefehp q{nb}do{} qcnq w{etào} nmmo}} qe }qnqo} x`}c`bh qe uq`f`zo l`}}`foqomcbefehp de{ wonmoduf wu{we}o}" , N lomcnb`}l de{ naa{o}}`bh qco }omu{`qp mebmo{b} ed }uwwfò{} qc{euhc qcouq`f`znqèb ed }ndohun{a`bh nhobmò} nba to{`d`mnqèb qomcb`~uo}" , Nb ntobuo qe w{eleqo boheq`nqèb} de{ l`}}`fo{oaumqèb}" , @bm{on}oa q{nb}wn{obmp `b qco oswe{q} ed }ob}`q`to qomcbefehò}" #Ebo we}}`k`f`qp qcnq xeufa melwf`lobq qco mu{{obq w{nmq`mo ed w{età`bh aob`nf beq`d`mnqèb} nba emmn}èbnf meu{qo}p beq`d`mnqèb ed Mnqohe{p @ }mcoaufoa q{nb}do{}& xeufa ko w{età`bh natnbmo beq`d`mnqèb ed nff LQM[,mebq{effoa `qolq{nb}do{}")" , N }c`dq`bh ed qco e{hnb`znqèb(} {nqèbnfo d{el n }uwwfò{%oswe{q kn{{ò{ {oh`lo qe mobqo{ ebm{onq`bh n k{ena `bqo{bnqèbnf odde{q qe a`}meu{nho l`}}`fo w{ef`do{nqèb nba }uwwe{q wonmoduf u}o} ed

qomcbefehp ¹ 9 Aoke{nc N" Ezhn& © N Mc{ebefehp ed qco L`}}`fo Qomcbefehp Mebq{ef [oh`lo ¹& Qco Bebw{ef`do{nqèb [otòx& c`to{ >001">17 Xpb Kexob& Qco Wef`q`m} ed Knff`}q`m L`}}`fo W{ef`do{nqèb& ew" m`q"

Non prolifération des missiles : une approche alternative

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