exercices dechimie1erSCexp Poly2.pdf

8/10/2019 exercices dechimie1erSCexp Poly2.pdf

1/17

2014 2015

1 1.0079

H

Hydrogen

3 6.941

Li

Lithium

11 22.990

Na

Sodium

19 39.098

K

Potassium

37 85.468

Rb

Rubidium

55 132.91

Cs

Caesium

87 223

Fr

Francium

4 9.0122

Be

Beryllium

12 24.305

Mg

Magnesium

20 40.078

Ca

Calcium

38 87.62

Sr

Strontium

56 137.33

Ba

Barium

88 226

Ra

Radium

21 44.956

Sc

Scandium

39 88.906

Y

Yttrium

57-71

La-Lu

Lanthanide

89-103

Ac-Lr

Actinide

22 47.867

Ti

Titanium

40 91.224

Zr

Zirconium

72 178.49

Hf

Halfnium

104 261

RfRf

Rutherfordium

23 50.942

V

Vanadium

41 92.906

Nb

Niobium

73 180.95

Ta

Tantalum

105 262

DbDb

Dubnium

24 51.996

Cr

Chromium

42 95.94

Mo

Molybdenum

74 183.84

W

Tungsten

106 266

SgSg

Seaborgium

25 54.938

Mn

Manganese

43 96

Tc

Technetium

75 186.21

Re

Rhenium

107 264

BhBh

Bohrium

26 55.845

Fe

Iron

44 101.07

Ru

Ruthenium

76 190.23

Os

Osmium

108 277

HsHs

Hassium

27 58.933

Co

Cobalt

45 102.91

Rh

Rhodium

77 192.22

Ir

Iridium

109 268

MtMt

Meitnerium

28 58.693

Ni

Nickel

46 106.42

Pd

Palladium

78 195.08

Pt

Platinum

110 281

DsDs

Darmstadtium

29 63.546

Cu

Copper

47 107.87

Ag

Silver

79 196.97

Au

Gold

111 280

RgRg

Roentgenium

30 65.39

Zn

Zinc

48 112.41

Cd

Cadmium

80 200.59

Hg

Mercury

112 285

UubUub

Ununbium

31 69.723

Ga

Gallium

13 26.982

Al

Aluminium

5 10.811

B

Boron

49 114.82

In

Indium

81 204.38

Tl

Thallium

113 284

UutUut

Ununtrium

6 12.011

C

Carbon

14 28.086

Si

Silicon

32 72.64

Ge

Germanium

50 118.71

Sn

Tin

82 207.2

Pb

Lead

114 289

UuqUuq

Ununquadium

7 14.007

N

Nitrogen

15 30.974

P

Phosphorus

33 74.922

As

Arsenic

51 121.76

Sb

Antimony

83 208.98

Bi

Bismuth

115 288

UupUup

Ununpentium

8 15.999

O

Oxygen

16 32.065

S

Sulphur

34 78.96

Se

Selenium

52 127.6

Te

Tellurium

84 209

Po

Polonium

116 293

UuhUuh

Ununhexium

9 18.998

F

Flourine

17 35.453

Cl

Chlorine

35 79.904

Br

Bromine

53 126.9

I

Iodine

85 210

At

Astatine

117 292

UusUus

Ununseptium

10 20.180

Ne

Neon

2 4.0025

He

Helium

18 39.948

Ar

Argon

36 83.8

Kr

Krypton

54 131.29

Xe

Xenon

86 222

Rn

Radon

118 294

UuoUuo

Ununoctium

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 IA

2 IIA

3 IIIA

4 IVB

5 VB

6 VIB

7 VIIB

8 VIIIB

9 VIIIB

10 VIIIB

11 IB

12 IIB

13 IIIA

14 IVA

15 VA

16 VIA

17 VIIA

18 VIIIA

57 138.91

La

Lanthanum

58 140.12

Ce

Cerium

59 140.91

Pr

Praseodymium

60 144.24

Nd

Neodymium

61 145

Pm

Promethium

62 150.36

Sm

Samarium

63 151.96

Eu

Europium

64 157.25

Gd

Gadolinium

65 158.93

Tb

Terbium

66 162.50

Dy

Dysprosium

67 164.93

Ho

Holmium

68 167.26

Er

Erbium

69 168.93

Tm

Thulium

70 173.04

Yb

Ytterbium

71 174.97

Lu

Lutetium

89 227

Ac

Actinium

90 232.04

Th

Thorium

91 231.04

Pa

Protactinium

92 238.03

U

Uranium

93 237

NpNp

Neptunium

94 244

PuPu

Plutonium

95 243

AmAm

Americium

96 247

CmCm

Curium

97 247

BkBk

Berkelium

98 251

CfCf

Californium

99 252

EsEs

Einsteinium

100 257

FmFm

Fermium

101 258

MdMd

Mendelevium

102 259

NoNo

Nobelium

103 262

LrLr

Lawrencium

6

7

Alkali Metal

Alkaline Earth Metal

Metal

Metalloid

Non-metal

Halogen

Noble Gas

Lanthanide/Actinide

synthetic elementsynthetic element

Z mass

Symbol

Name

:

1869 6 .M .

Zeitschrift fr

.1869

Chemie

.1864

.

.

1/17 http://www.chimiephysique.ma


2/17

2014 2015

formule Test d'identification

H+, H3O+

HO

N a+

M g2+

K+

Ca2+ Na2CO3

Al3+

Cl AgNO3 :

I P b(NO3)2 :

F e2+ II NaOH :

F e3+ III NaOH :

Cu2+ II NaOH :

Ag+ NaCl :

Zn2+ NaOH :

N O3

SO24

BaCl2 :

P O34 AgNO3 :

HCO3

CO23

M nO

4

Cr3+

Cr2O2

7

N H+4



3/17

2014 2015

:1

.

m= 0, 75g

V= 200ml

. Cm

:2

50, 0ml 50ml , m2 = 101, 2g m1 = 61, 7g

. d 50g

3

.

) ) 1. 2

:

4

O2(g) (N2(g

NO HNO2 , N O2(g)

1. 7, 0kg 2

.

1hectare= 104m2 S= 4R2 : R R= 6400km :



4/17

2014 2015

1

M(H) = 1g/mol M(C) = 12g/mol . C2H6 3mol 1

NA = 6, 02

10

23

/mol

F e

8g

2M(Si) = . Si 15, 5 1023 3NA= 6, 02 10

23/mol28g/mol

M(Cr) = 52g/mol .C r ,1 32mol 4M(Ca= 40g/mol M(O) = 16g/mol .CaO 5

.

2

C2H5OH ,= 0 79gcm3

n= 1, 20mol

1 V = 6, 0cm3 2

3

:

M(g) =(g)RT

P

(air) = 1, 29g/l .

(20% (N2 80% O2

R= 8, 314JK1mol1 :

4

P = 1, 20 105P a 22C : . R= 8, 31Pa.m3/K.mol .V = 0, 31l

1. 2

3. ((O2 4

5

m = CxH2x+2 V = 1, 50l .1, 88g

.

Vm= 24l/mol

:6



5/17

2014 2015

25C O2 n = 0, 50mol .101, 3kP a

O3 .

7

.M(Ag) = 108g/mol ,d= 10 6 .

(eau) = 1g/cm3 . (Ag) 1 . e = 2mm r 2

. 50ml

. 52, 5cm3 r

.

3



6/17

2014 2015

:1

: 1

NaB r C aF 2 CuSO4

( II) : 2

:2

C= 0, 050mol/l III

FeCl3(s) III 1

. 2

3

[Na+] = 0, 02mol/l N a+

N a2SO4(s) 1 2

3

:

4

(CaCl2, 6H2O)

C= 0, 10mol/l V= 500ml:

M(Ca) = 40.1g/mol M(Cl) = 35, 5g/mol M(O) = 16, 0g/mol M(H) = 1, 0g/mol

:5

d = 1, 19 eau= 1g/cm

3,M(HCl) = 36 5g/mol .p = 37%

, C 1 100 V= 500ml 2

.

.

:6

C1 = 0, 25mol/l II V1 = 50ml

.C2= 0, 10mol/l

V2= 100ml.



7/17

2014 2015

:7

S2 (F e3+(aq) + 3Cl(aq)) III S1

.F eCl3 III N a+(aq) +HO(aq)

1 III ,0 2mol 2

2 1 C= 0, 50mol/l 2 2

8

Na2O2 Oxylithe:

2Na2O2(s) + 2H2O(l) O2(g) + 4Na+(aq) + 4HO(aq)

,m= 1 0g 30ml 1 .

. Pf 2

. T = 293K P0 = 1020hP a :

.V = 1, 1l . 3

9

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

0 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 0,30 0,35 0,40 0,45 0,50

x(mol)

n(mol)

B

A

C

C B A :x(mol) n(mol)

. 1

.

2xmax

3

4

. 5

. 6



8/17

2014 2015

:10

. I

1

2 V1 = 250ml S1 3

. C1= 1, 00mol/l 3 1

. 3 2 II

C2 = 0, 10mol/l S2

C= 1, 00mol/l ) )S. V2= 500ml 4

IIIS1

V2= 10, 0ml

S1

V1= 30ml

. 5

6.

. 7 . 8

.

25C

Ag+ Li+ K+ N a+ H+ 6, 2 103 3, 9 103 7, 3 103 5, 0 103 34, 9 103 (S.m/mol)

CH3COO NO3 I

Cl HO 4, 1 103 7, 1 103 7, 7 103 7, 6 103 19, 8 103 (S.m/mol)

1

(K+(aq) + N O3(aq)) 25C 1

. C= 10mol/m3 . C . = 25mS/m 2

. NO3

= 7, 14 103 K+ = 7, 35 103 : S.m2/mol25C :

2

( ) 1Na+ + HO N a+ + Cl 25C

C= 103mol/l

. 2



9/17

2014 2015

3

(NH+4(aq)+ mol/m3

1. C= 8, 2 103mol/l ((Br(aq

25C 2. NH+

4

= 7, 34 Br = 7, 81 : mS; m2/mol 25C :

4

.k= 5, 0 103m : C= 1, 0 102mol/l

.G= 0, 76 103S : 25C 1

. 25C 2. 3

5

. S2 S1 25C

C1= 1, 08 V1= 100ml K+(aq) + Br(aq) S1

103mol/lC2 = 9, 51 V2 = 200ml Na

+(aq) +I(aq) S2104mol/l

. V. . 1

.mol/m3

.

2. 3

. S2 S1 2 1 4. C2 C1 V2 V1 2 1 5

. S2 V2= 300ml S1 V1= 50ml 6:25C :

Br = 76, 8 104S.m2/mol I = 76, 3 10

4S.m2/mol

K+ = 73, 5 104S.m2/mol Na+ = 50, 1 10

4S.m2/mol



10/17

2014 2015

1

: CH3COO

(aq) HCOOH(aq)

NH3(aq)

HSO3(aq)

(SO2, H2O)

H3O+(aq)

HO(aq)

2

: 1

HCOOH(aq)

..............+H+

HNO2(aq) .........+H+

......... NH3+H+

........ P O34 +H+

HSO23 (aq) 2

3

.HO6(aq) CH3N H+

3(aq)

. 1.

2.

3

4

P O34

:(SO2, H2O)

(SO2, H2O)(aq) +P O3

4 (aq) HSO3(aq) +HP O

2

4 (aq)

1. / 2

.

/

3. 4

5

C1 = 2, 50 (CH3COOH(aq V1 = 20, 0ml C2 = (N a

+(aq) +BO2(aq)) V2 = 75ml 102mol : l

1, 00 102mol/l

. 1 2

.

3.



11/17

2014 2015

1

Hg2+(aq)/Hg(l) . 1

.

2

2

: 1

Ni2+(aq) +.......... Ni(s)

. 2

3

1 2Ag+(aq) +Zn(s) 2Ag(s) +Zn2+(aq)

2 ClO(aq) +H3O+(aq) HClO(aq) +H2O(l)

3 Ge4+(aq) +Cd(s) Ge2+(aq) +Cd2+(aq)

4 NH3(aq) +H3O+(aq) N H+4(aq) +H2O(l)

4

S4O2

6 (aq)/S2O2

3 (aq) I2(aq)/I(aq)

1.I2(aq) S2O

2

3 2

5

Sn4+(aq)/Sn2+(aq) F e3+/F e2+ : / 1

Sn2+(aq)I I F e3+(aq)III 2

6

(H2O2(aq MnO4(aq)/Mn2+(aq) 1

.

.

I(aq) 2

.I2(aq)

I2(aq)/I(aq), H2O2(aq)/H2O(l)

.



12/17

2014 2015

7

C= 5, 0mol/l .m= 0, 65g

. 1. (ni(Zn 2

V

3.

4V0= 25l/mol : .

.

NH+4(aq) N H3+H+ NH+4/NH3

CH3CO2H(aq) CH3CO2 +H+ CH3CO2H/CH3CO

(CO2, H2O) HCO

3 +H+ CO2, H2O/HCO

3

HCO3(aq) CO2

3 +H+ HCO3/C O

2

3

HN O3(l) NO

3 +H+ HN O3/NO

3

Ag+(aq) + 1e Ag(s) Ag+/Ag

Zn2+(aq) + 2e Zn(s) Zn2+/Zn

Al3+(aq) + 3e Al(s) Al3+/AlII F e2+(aq) + 2e F e(s) F e2+/F e

Sn2+(aq) + 2e Sn(s) Sn2+/Sn

H+(aq) + 2e H2(g) H+/H2

III II F e3+(aq) + 1e F e2+(aq) F e3+/F e2+

MnO24

(aq) + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O MnO2

4 /Mn2+

I2(aq) + 2e 2I(aq) I2/I

S4O2

6 (aq) + 2e 2S2O

2

3 (aq) S4O2

6 /S2O2

3



13/17

2014 2015

1

Vr Cr II F e2+(aq)

,F e2+

/F e

O2/H2O2 :

.V0

C0

H2O2(aq) 1

. 2V0 C0 Vr Cr 3

2

0

5

10

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

VB(mL)

G(mS)

VA = 100mL H3O

+(aq) + Cl(aq) S CA

CB =

N a+

(aq) + HO

(aq) 0, 10mol/L VB .

.

.

1 2

3

4 5 . VBE

.

CA

3

H2O2(aq) .

.

.C (S) 20

(S) 10ml

. C

= 2, 0 102

mol/l O2(g)/H2O2(aq) MnO

4/Mn2+ :

. 1

.

2 . ,VE= 8 8ml 3

. C 4

4

Na+(aq)+ S d = 1, 2 : : . HO(aq)



14/17

2014 2015

eau= 1, 0g/mL : NaOH, 20% :

C0= 6mol/L S: 1 . S 2

. 3 . 500 4

.VT = 1, 00L C = 9, 9 102mol/L S S ,V= 100 0mL 5

.

: V(mL) 0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 10,0 12,0 14,0 16,0 17 18,0 20,0

U(V) 6,41 6,43 6,45 6,47 6,47 6,49 6,50 6,45 6,47 6,47 6,50 6,48

I(mA) 64,2 61,2 56,5 52,0 46,7 40,7 35,9 53,4 70,4 78,2 87,0 94,1

G(S)

.G 5 1G= f(V) 5 2

VE

5 3 6

. S

5

.0, 3% . m= 100g . ,V0= 500 0mL

.

V = 10, 0mL C5, 00 103mol/L

:

. V = 12, 5mL 1 . M nO4(aq)/Mn

2+(aq) SO24

(aq)/SO2(aq) : .

. C 2V0 3

. . 4



15/17

2014 2015

:M(C) = 12, 0g/mol, M(O) = 16, 0g/mol, M(H) = 1, 0g/mol

Vm= 24l/mol :

1

:

CH3 CH

C

H3

CH2 CH2 CH3

A

CH2 CH CH2 CH2 CH3

B

C

CH2 CH CH2 CH

C

H3

CH2 CH3

D 1

.

C .D BA 2. 3

2

:

A

B

C

D

3

. z y x. M= 386g/mol CxHyOz :

4% ,11 9% 84% 1 z y x

. 2



16/17

2014 2015

4

:

CH3 CH2 CH CH CH3

A

CH3 CH

C

H3

CH CH CH3

B

C2H5

C

H

C

C

H3

H

C

5

. 1 1 2

. 1 m = 5, 6g 3

. . 3 1

3 2. 3 3

6

n CnH2n : A n >1

M(A) = 70g/mol :

.

n

1. 2

7

:C4H10O C4H11N

M= 73g/mol

8

:

CH3 CH

O

H

CH2 CH2 CH3

A

CH3 CH

C

H3

CH2 OH

B

CH3 CH

C

H3

CH2 C

O

O

H

C

9



17/17

2014 2015

. B . ,9 1% 54% :

M(B) = 44g/mol

C2H4O : 1.B 2

B 3

4

10

C6H12O n = 0, 15mol . A m= 9, 1g

. A 1. 2

. 3

11

n/10 C4H10O A n .B A MnO4

: B . B 2, 4 DNPH

. A B B

.

exercices dechimie1erSCexp Poly2.pdf

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