4. Les dérives du marché de l’art vers 1900 - faux, faussaires et regards à la loupe

7/22/2019 4. Les drives du march de lart vers 1900 - faux, faussaires et regards la loupe

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Ia jhrmn la ihrt at

ias jusas fhma hux

fhux at hux fhusshgras


2/44

Nhd vhd Jaaearad (8>>7-87


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Nhd vhd Jaaearad ast ud pagdtra-rasthurhtaurdarihdlhgs at ud fhusshgra radcjj, hyhdtrussg ehedar adtra ;1 at =0 jgiigcds la lciihrshjrgmhgds ad vadlhdt las fhux lasmciiamtgcddaurs. ]h vga at scd summs scdt igs

Bcnhddas Varjaar, pagdtra qug dthgt phsadmcra phrtgmuigrajadt radcjj hu lkut lu^^asgmia at lcdt advgrcd =1 uvrassauiajadtdcus scdt phrvaduas hubcurlnug.Vhd Jaaearad tulga i'hrmngtamtura ihNceasmncci la Laift, jhgs gi sa ihssa kgad vgta lama phrmcurs gjpcs phr sh fhjgiia at mcjjadmahvam ud marthgd summs uda mhrrgra la pagdtra.Hprs quaiquas hddas, scd styia vciua. Gi sasadt httgr phr ias mcuiaurs at ias parspamtgvaslmhladtas la marthgdas pagdturas la i'ea l'crlas Phys-Khs. Mapadlhdt, scd mncgx da vh phs iadmcdtralu ect las mciiamtgcddaurs las Phys-Khs la scd pcqua, fhsmgds phr ias pagdtras lai'mcia la ih Nhya. Jja ias mrgtgquas l'hrtldgeradt ia trhvhgi la vhd Jaaearad, sg kgadqua ias ehiargas at ias jusas d'hmntadt pius

sas pagdturas.

Nhd vhd JaaearadDhmnticohhi (Dgent Miuk)

87;


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Mcjja ias mrgtgquas l'hrt kgad-padshdts icdthtthqu at cdt krgs sh mhrrgra, vhd Jaaearadlmgla la fhkrgquar las fhux gjgthdt las thkiahux l'hrtgstas kgad mcddus. Gi mcpga ias styias atias mcuiaurs la Frhds Nhis, Pgatar la Nccmn at Bcnhddas Varjaar hvam uda taiia parfamtgcdqua ias jtnclas l'hutnadtgfgmhtgcd la i'pcqua da parjattadt phs la lmaiar ih frhula.

Nhd vhd JaaearadPcrtrhgt la fajja hssgsa

scd kurahu

Hjstarlhj, [gbosjusauj


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Nhd vhd JaaearadPcrtrhgt la fajja

bcuhdt lu iutn

Hjstarlhj, [gbosjusauj


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Padlhdt ih ]amcdla euarra jcdlghia, vhd Jaaearad mcddht i'hpcea la sh mhrrgra 2 sas fhuxscdt hmmrcmnas lhds ias jusas at mikrs lhds ia jcdla adtgar.

Ia Lgramtaur at ia rasthurhtaur

ad mnaf lu Jusauj Kcyjhdsla [cttarlhj hljgradt ih tcgiala Bcnhddas Varjaarrmajjadt ralmcuvarta.Nugt hds hprs, icd lmcuvrgrhqugi shegt ad fhgt lud fhuxrhigs phr Nhd vhd Jaaearad.


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Axtrhgt la ih ravua \na Kurigdetcd Jhehzgda, vci. IVG, cmtckra 87=;


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Ih vadta la sas fhux ast fhmgigta phri'cmmuphtgcd hiiajhdla hux Phys-Khs. La rgmnas Darihdlhgs, vcuihdtajpmnar qua ias uvras l'hrt laiaur phys tcjkadt hux jhgds

l'Hlcif Ngtiar at las Dhzgs, sa ruadtsur mas gjgthtgcds. Maih dajpmnaphs ud fhux Varjaar , uvrala Nhd vhd Jaaearad, Ia Mnrgst atih phrhkcia la ih fajja hluitra,la sa ratrcuvar ad pcssassgcd

lNarjhddErgde.Hprs ih euarra, ias Hiigaslmcuvradt ma Varjaar athrrtadt scd vadlaur qua icdhmmusa lhvcgr ml hux Dhzgs udtrscr muiturai la scd phys. Mcjjaud tai mrgja ast phssgkia la ih pagdamhpgthia, vhd Jaaearad prfrahvcuar ih fhisgfgmhtgcd at lmgla lasa lgsmuipar ad pagedhdt ud hutra Varjaar lhds sh maiiuia ad

prsadma la sgx tjcgds.

Nhd vhd JaaearadIa Mnrgst at ih phrhkcia la ih fajja hluitra

Hjstarlhj, [gbswgbo Jusauj


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Nhd vhd Jaaearad pagedhdt, padlhdt ia prcms, ia 8ar cmtckra 87


10/44

Ia prcms hux mciihkcrhtaurs lu regja dhzg


11/44

ih sugta l'uda adquta lthgiia, jada phr las axparts gdtardhtgcdhux, gi fut mcdfgrj quaih pagdtura la Ecargde da pcuvhgt phs lhtar la i'ea l'cr darihdlhgs at qu'aiia thgt adrhigt ud fhux. Nhd vhd Jaaearad da fut phs mcdlhjd mcjja mciihkcrhtaur, jhgs mikrphr ia pukigm darihdlhgs mcjja ud asmrcm suktgi, lcdt ias fhux hvhgadt russg lupar ihfcgs ias axparts at ia trs ltast Narjhdd Ecargde.


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La vhisa Varjaars vhd Vhd Jaaearad,axpcsgtgcd qug sast tadua hu jusa

Kcgbjhds la [cttarlhj ad ;080

nttp2//hrttuka.kcgbjhds.di/ad/vglac/Vhd

JaaearadSad/3ihde:ad


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Gmgigc Falargmc Bcdg (8>66-87


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Gmgigc Falargmc Bcdg (]gadh 8>66 - 87


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Gmgigc Falargmc BcdgVgarea iadfhdtvars 8700Gdlghdhpcigs, Jusauj cf Hrt


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Ih prclumtgcd la Bcdg ast vhsta. Gi rhigsa las mcuvarturas la igvras, las rihkcrhtgcdsparscddaiias las Kgmmnarda sgaddcgsa, las thkiahux sur kcgs, las lgptyquas at las trgptyquasqug scdt reuigrajadt vadlus las mciiamtgcddaurs aurcpads cu hjrgmhgds.

Hu mcurs las hddas 87;0-87=0, gi lmcuvra ia styia la dcuvahux hrtgstas lu \ramadtc at lu

Xuhttrcmadtc2 Lummgc lg Kucdgdsaedh, Pgatrc Icradzattg, ]hdc lg Pgatrc, Frhdmasmc lg EgcregcJhrtgdg at Frh Hdeaigmc.

[aigura pagdta sur laux hgs la kcgs

lhds ia styia la KgmmnardhMnrgstgas, Phrgs, ;= dcv. ;006, ict 8;

astgjhtgcd 2 =000-


17/44

Gmgigc Falargmc Bcdg lhds scd htaigar hu lkut

lu ^^a sgmia


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lrcgta2Gmgigc Bcdg at htaigar, Mhlra ad styia

ectngqua

Ad nhut ehumna2

Gmgigc Bcdg lhds scd htaigar hvam ihVgarea iAdfhdt httrgkua Hjkrcegc

Icradzattg, hubcurlnug Kcstcd,Jusauj cf Fgda Hrts

Ad khs lrcgta 2

Hjkrcegc Icradzattg, Vgarea iAdfhdt(hprs ih rasthurhtgcd la G. Bcdg),

Kcstcd, Jusauj cf Fgda Hrts, hutrafcgsmcii. Adeiawccl at mcii. L.F. Pihtt


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Gmgigc Falargmc BcdgIHddcdmghtgcdhutrafcgs mcii. nrgtgars BcdgKhsmghdc (]gadda)

PHGMHP : Par Hdlhra gd Muic hi Prcssgjc


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Qjkartc Egudtg (8>66-8750)Vgarea iAdfhdt adtra laux hdeasDaw Wcro, Jatrcpcigthd Jusauj

Ih prclumtgcd la fhux fcdls lcr adGthiga vars 8700 ast admcurhea phr ihralmcuvarta las hrtgstas la ih[adhgsshdma la ih phrt lu jhrmn laihrt. Ih vgiia la ]gadda bcua ud ria

fcdlhjadthi lhds ma mcdtaxta.Bcdg ast iud las mnafs la fgia ludercupa la fhusshgras tcsmhds, qugmcjpta hussg phrjg sas rhdes GegdcEctthrlg at Egdc Daiig, Hrturc [gdhilg lgtia "Pgdturgmmngc, Krudc Jhrzg at

Qjkartc Egudtg. Ih kgcerhpnga la Bcdg,Ia jajcrga lg ud pgttcra lg quhlrg

hdtgmng, pukiga ad 87=; h mcdtrgku fhcddar sh rputhtgcd at jattra adlcuta ihutnadtgmgt la ih piuphrt lasfcdls lcr hpphrus sur ia jhrmn la

ihrtgthigad hu mcurs la mas lmaddgas.


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Himac Lcssadh (8>5>87=5)Vgarea iAdfhdt hvam shgdta Hdda

at shgdt Bahd-Khptgsta

sged Lcdhtaiius. Ficr.

Q]H, mcii. phrt.


22/44

Ih prclumtgcd la Bcdg at la scd adtcurhea lcgt tra gdsmrgta lhds scd pcqua at vhiua adfcdmtgcd la ih ralmcuvarta jhrmnhdla la ihrtla ih [adhgsshdma gthigadda, tcut mcjja lasvhiaurs pcigtgquas la ma tajps.

Bcdg hvhgt frquadt, padlhdt sh baudassa, ias jgigaux hdhrmngstas sgaddcgs. ]as mncgx ad thdtquhrtgsta at qua fhusshgra phrtheadt lcdm ud sadtgjadt la rkaiigcd vcu pradlra la

ihreadthux rgmnas at sa jcquar las ngstcrgads la ihrt,mas fhux phtrcds la ih muitura.Bcdg at ias hutras ravadlgquadt iaur ria la vrhgs phtrcds la ih trhlgtgcd hrtgstgqua sgaddcgsa attcsmhda.

Ih radmcdtra adtraFrlrgm GGG at Aicdcra

la Pcrtuehi,khi jhsqu,8>>7

(Bcdg ast nhkgii ad

fajja hu madtra)


23/44

Jhgs Bcdg at sas sugvaurs raprsadtadt surtcut iudlas hspamts ias jcgds httadlus la mattaralmcuvarta ludapnhsa la ingstcgra la ihrt gthigadda, qug mcjjadma hvam Bahd-Khptgsta]arcux lHegdmcurt at gdfiuadma tcutas ias prclumtgcds hrtgstgquas at hrtgshdhias lu ^G^asgmia. Cd mcdstrugt las mntahux ectngquas, cd raktgt ias tcurs at ias jurs las vgiias, cdcrehdgsa las khis jhsqus, padlhdt qua ih dhgsshdma las jusas, imnaiiajcdlghia, fhgt

huejadtar ih lajhdla lcauvraslhrtla ih [adhgsshdma.

Iugeg JussgdgMikrhtgcd dc-pihtcdgmgadda

ih mcur la Ihuradt la

Jlgmgs

Kcure-ad-Krassa,

jusa lu Krcu


24/44

Icugs BhdjctFiaur las mnhjps

8>


25/44

Bcnd Ugiighj UhtarncusaG hj nhif-sgmo cf snhlcws,

shgl tna ihly cf snhictt

8781\crcdtc, Hrt Ehiiary cf Cdthrgc


26/44

IHrs Dcvh at ias pcmncgrs la Egcvhddg Jasmngdg


27/44

IHrs Dcvh at ias pcmncgrs la Egcvhddg Jasmngdg


28/44

Kardhrl Karadscd (8>61-8717)

K t l b i 871< B ii l g f gt t t i gki


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Karadscd hddcta lhds scd bcurdhi ad 871< 2 Ba ja rhppaiia lhvcgrfhgt tcut ia pcssgkia pcurmcdvhgdmra Falargmc Bcdg da pius fhisgfgar las thkiahux lu Xuhttrcmadtc2 mthgtgjpcssgkia.Ad affat, ias thkiahux qugi asshyhgt la fhgra saicd sas pcssgkgigts thgadt sg futgias, quaparscdda da ias hurhgt hmnats at iug jja sadduyhgt. Mastud prckija, qua lavcds dcusfhgra la mas trhdserassaurs piagds la thiadt at hdtgscmghux 3 .


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Egcvhddg Jcraiig (8>86-8>78)

Egcvhddg Jcraiig sa fcrja ih jlamgda ad]ugssa at ad Hiiajheda, jhgs gi lvaicppahussg uda vrhg phssgcd pcur ingstcgrala ihrtat pcur ia lassgd, trhvars scd tula lumcrps nujhgd. Gi ast iu ad 8>68 hu

Phriajadt gthigad, hu sagd luquai gi lavgadtiud las raspcdshkias la ih tutaiia luphtrgjcgda hrtgstgqua dhtgcdhi. ]cd hmtgvgtat sas mcjptadmas iug vhiadt hussg iastgjalu jgigau lu jhrmn la ihrt at lasmciiamtgcddaurs qug fcdt mcdfghdma sas

httrgkutgcds.

J iig g t t


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Jcraiig sgjpcsa, ad thdtqungstcrgadla ihrt,hvamia psaulcdyja lGvhdIarjcigaff at pukigalgffradts hrtgmias at

cuvrheas phrtgr lashddas 8>10.

]h jtncla astsmgadtgfgqua at da safcdla phs sur igdtugtgcd.Gi padsa qua ias lthgislvcgiadt ihutaur ludacauvra at parjattadt laia lgffradmgar la sasgjgthtaurs (cu lasfhusshgras).

Ih jtncla jcriigadda

Gi g t gt ki t


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Gi axgsta uda vrgthkia mcdvareadma adtraih jtncla la Jcraiig, maiia la ]naricmoNcijas at ih jtncla psymnhdhiytgqua laFraul, ad phrtgmuigar hutcur la ih dctgcdla trhmas gdfgdgtsgjhias parjatthdt la

shgsgr uda rhigt pius prcfcdla .Mas trhmas pauvadt tra las syjptjas(mnaz Fraul), las gdlgmas (mnaz ]naricmoNcijas) cu las sgedas pgmturhux (mnazJcraiig). Ia pcgdt mcjjud adtra mas trcgsjtnclas ast ih jlamgda (Fraul astjlamgd, Jcraiig ast lgpij lajlamgda at Mcdhd Lcyia h t jlamgdhvhdt la lavadgr mrgvhgd) at, adphrtgmuigar, ih sjgctgqua jlgmhia, mattalgsmgpigda fcdla sur ia lghedcstgm gdlgramtla jhihlgas, lgffgmgias cksarvarlgramtajadt.

Hu-lai la matta mcdvareadma adtra mastrcgs hpprcmnas spmgfgquas, ma qugjarea lcdm, ih fgd lu ^G^ja sgmia,ast ud phrhlgeja gdlgmghgra phrthe at

fcdl sur ih sjgctgqua jlgmhia.


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Jhgs quh kgad pu raprsadtar pcur Fraul admcra bauda at admcra icged la ihpsymnhdhiysa ih iamtura las asshgs la Jcraiig 3 MastFraul iug-jja qug igdlgqua 2 iglaluda jtncla lgdtarprthtgcd shppuyhdt sur ias lmnats, sur ias lcddas jhregdhiasmcdsglrs mcjja rvihtaurs.

Ma dastquadcksarvhdt httadtgvajadt at ad adraegstrhdt hvam uda axtrja jgdutga tcusias syjptjas qugiast pcssgkia lihkcrarlas ngstcgras prmgsas la jhihlgas phrtgmuigras 2 ihjhihlga, ad aiia-jja, ast gjpcssgkia httagdlra .


35/44

[aehrls ih icupa la Kardhrl Karadscd Hrtnur Mcdhd Lcyia


36/44

[aehrls ih icupa, la Kardhrl Karadscd Hrtnur Mcdhd Lcyia


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Ia mcddcgssaursngp 2 uda hpprcmna pcur ia^^Ga sgmia 3

Lthgi la ihffgmna la ih bcurda ltulaVcgr at shvcgr 2 igi lu mcddhgssaur

qug sast tadua ad bhdvgar ;080 hu jusalu Icuvra

Ia Mngad las Khsoarvgiia


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Ia Mngad las Khsoarvgiia

la \aradma Fgsnar,hvam Hdlr Jcraii (8717)

\na Kge Dcgsa (Ia erhdl kcuj) hvam ]thd Ihurai Cigvar Nhrly (87


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\na Kge Dcgsa(Ia erhdl kcuj)hvam ]thd Ihurai, Cigvar Nhrly (87


40/44


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Mashra Krhdlg mcdsglrhgt qua ih fhisgfgmhtgcd da mcdmarda phs ickbat fhisgfg jhgs icpgdgcd


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Mashra Krhdlg mcdsglrhgt qua ih fhisgfgmhtgcd da mcdmarda phs i ckbat fhisgfg, jhgs i cpgdgcdmrgtgqua qug sa pcsa sur ma jja ckbat.

Prgjgtgfs gthigads, ia vrhg, ia fhux, ih fcrtuda mrgtgqua, Hbhmmgc, Jusa Fasmn, ;7.06-8.80 ;08;

Gmgigc Falargmc Bcdg (8>66-87


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Gmgigc Falargmc Bcdg (8>66 878)IAdtra lu Mnrgst Brushiaj

\ajparh sur kcgs - 65,1 x 1


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Hdcdyja, samcdla jcgtg lu ^G^a sgmia,Hddcdmghtgcd, lhprs Frh Hdeaigmc

4. Les dérives du marché de l’art vers 1900 - faux, faussaires et regards à la loupe

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