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Microprocessor SystemBustanul Arifin

arifinnoel@gmail.com

Fakultas Teknologi Industri

Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

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Contract of lecture

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Evaluation criteria Presence min.75%: 10%

Task/homework : 10%

Mid Term (written): 40%

End Term (written): 40%

Ways of lecture:

Explanation

Discussion

Application: Simulation & Practice

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Topics

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Introducing Microprocessor Performance of Microprocessor

Simple As-Possible

Microprocessor Programming

Assembly Language

Application Assembly Language

C Language

Application C Language Application Microcontroller in Simulator

Practice

The first meeting

The second meeting

The third meeting

The fourth meeting

The fifth meeting

The sixth meeting

The seventh, eight, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth meeting

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Part 1: Basic Digital Theory1. What is mean by the term digital systems ?

2. What kind of number system used in digital systems ?3. Define the terms :- bit, nibble, byte, word. Give an example of each.

4. List several advantages of digital over analog circuits.

5. List ten devices that uses or contain digital circuitry.

6. If the digital circuits in a computer only respond to binary numbers, why are octal andhexadecimal numbers used extensively by computer specialists ?

7. Convert the following numbers into 8 bits binary number.a) 32 b) 78 c) 100 d) 150 e) 200 f) 255

8. Convert the following binary numbers into decimal and hexadecimal numbers.

a) 10101010 b) 11001100 c) 11011001

9. Convert the following hexadecimal numbers into binary number.

a) 32H b) A78H c) 1C9H d) 05F0H e) 2B50H f) FFFFH

10. Add the following binary numbers together.a) 10010011 and 01101111 b) 11000111 and 10001101

11. Subtract the following binary numbers.

a) 00010011 from 01101111 b) 11000111 from 10001101

c) 10111001 from 00111001

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Part 2: Basic Microcomputer System

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12. What is a microprocessor ?

13. What corporation produce the first microprocessor chip and what is the chip used for ?14. What is a microcomputer system ? Draw a block diagram of a microcomputer system.

15. Why is the microcomputer system is used in many dedicated electronic devices

(such as microwave oven control panels, electronic games ) instead of the digital

integrated circuits ?

16. What are the uses of the memory unit in a microcomputer system ?

17. Explain briefly what are the ROM and RAM memory chips. Draw the block diagram of each

and explain the lines on the chips.

18. Below are memory chip has a specifications. For each type, determine the total number of

addresses, its range and total number of data bytes it can store.

a) (2K x 8) ROM b) (4K x 8) ROM c) (2K x 8) RAM

d) (16K x 8) ROM e) (32K x 8) ROM f) (1K x 8) RAM

19. Briefly explain the functions of the input / output unit in a microcomputer system.

20. What kind of signals that is sent out or received by the I/O unit ?21. What is system bus ?

22. Explain the address, data and control bus functions. How many lines are these busses ?

23. State the lowest address and the highest address that a 16 bit address bus can address in hex.

24. What is the role of the microprocessor clock ? Does a higher clock speed give an advantage ?

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Part 3: Basic Microprocessor Architecture

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25. Draw a simplified block diagram of the internal architecture of a

microprocessor chip. What are the functions of each of the blocks ?

26. List all the general purpose registers. What are their sizes and what are

they used for ?

27. Why is the accumulator a special register ?

28. What is the use of the flag register ? Can the contents of flag register be

used by the programmer ?29. A register pair can be used to hold a memory address. What other

registers can hold memory address ?

30. What are the differences between a register pair compared to an indexregister ?

31. What is a fetch cycle ?

32. What is a decode cycle ?

33. What is an execute cycle ?

34. Briefly explain what happens after an instruction is loaded into theMicroprocessor Instructions Register (IR) ?

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Part 4: Instruction Set

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35. Why is a microprocessor instruction a unique binary word ?

36. How does the microprocessor tell the difference between an instruction

word and a data word of the same value ?

37. What is the microprocessors instruction set ?

38. A microprocessor instruction can be broken into two parts. What are they,

and what function does each part perform ?39. Why do we use a mnemonic instead of the actual binary op-code ?

40. What kind of instructions do not address anything ?

41. What do we call the computer program used to convert mnemonics

(assembly language) into machine readable code ?

42. Explain briefly the meaning of addressing mode. Give the addressing modes

available for the microprocessor that you are using.

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Part 4: (Continue)

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43. Which addressing modes put the instruction and address in a single word ?

44. Where is the data located in an instruction using immediate addressing ?

45. Where is the data located in an instruction using direct addressing ? Henceexplain the difference between immediate and direct addressing.

46. Explain how register indirect addressing works. Why can it be a singleword instruction ?

47. What is the difference between indexed and relative addressing ?48. Explain what is a T-state. How can we determine the duration of one

Tstate ?

49. An instruction has 4 T-states. Calculate the execution time if the CPU has aclock of 1MHz.

50. There are times when it is necessary to write program very carefully in

order to use the smallest amount of memory possible. What conditionswould cause this to be necessary ?

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Literature

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General: Malvino,Albert Paul, 1994,Elektronika Komputer Digital, Erlangga, Jakarta.

Assembly language:1. Eko Putra, Agfianto, 2002, Belajar Mikrokontroler AT89C51/52/55 Teori dan Aplikasi, Gava Media

Yogyakarta.

2. Malik, Moh.Ibnu, Anistardi, 1997, Bereksperimen dengan Mikrokontroler 8031, Elex Media Komputindo,Jakarta.

3. Malik, Moh. Ibnu, 2003, Belajar Mikrokontroler Atmel AT89S8252, Gava MediaYogyakarta.

4. Hartanto. Dwi, Raharjo. Suwanto, Visual Downloader untuk Microcontroller AT89C2051, Penerbit Andi,Yogyakarta.

5. Sudjadi, 2005, Teori dan AplikasiMikrokontroler Aplikasi pada Mikrokontroler AT89C51, Graha Ilmu,Yogyakarta.

6. Budiharto, Widodo, 2004, Interfacing Komputer dan Mikrokontroler, Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta

7. Kurniawan, Dayat, 2009,AtMega 8 dan Aplikasinya, Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta

8. Andi Nalwan. Paulus, 2003, Panduan Praktis teknik Antarmuka dan Pemrograman MikrokontrolerAT89C51, Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta

9. Wardhana. Lingga, 2006, Belajar Sendiri Mikrokontroler AVR Seri ATMega8535 Simulasi, Hardware,dan Aplikasi, PenerbitAndi,Yogyakarta.

10. Adjie, Harso, 2004, Aplikasi Mikroprosesor untuk Mengontrol Lampu Penerangan, Elex MediaKomputindo, Jakarta.

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Literature (Continue)

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C Language

1. Andrianto,Heri, 2008, Pemrograman Mikrokontroler AVR Atmega16, Menggunakan

Bahasa C, Penerbit Informatika,Bandung.

2. Heryanto Ary, Adi, Wisnu, 2008, Pemrograman Bahasa C untuk Mikrokontroler

Atmega8535, Penerbit Andi,Yogyakarta

3. Budioko, Totok, 2005, Belajar dengan Mudah dan Cepat Pemrograman Bahasa C

dengan SDCC pada Mikrokontroler AT89X051/AT89C51/52 Teori, Simulasi dan Aplikasi,Gava media,Yogyakarta

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Literature (Continue)

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English books:1. Tocci, Ronald J, 1991, Digital Systems Principles and Applications, Prentice-HallInternational,Inc,New Jersey.

2. Yeralan, Sencer. Ahluwalia, Ashutosh, 1995, Programming and Interfacing the 8051

Microcontroller,Addision-Welley,Massachussets.

3. Myke Predko, 1999, Programming and Customizing The 8051 Microcontroller, McGraw-

Hill,NewYork4. Stiffler, Kent A, Design with Microprocessor for Mechanical Engineers, Mc-Graw-Hill, Inc,

NewYork

5. Greenfield, Joseph. Wray, William, 1981, Using Microprocessor and Microcomputers The

6800 Family, JohnWilley & Son,NewYork.

6. Hongenboom,1988, Microprocessor Data Book, Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta.

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You must have one of them (Whatever of MicrocontrollerBooks) suggest: dont copy from genuine books