@txtbks | #oersummit16

textbookcost crisis

Nicole Allen (nicole@sparc.arl.org)Director of Open Education, SPARC

Penn State University | 3/23/16 | #oersummit16

Except where otherwise noted...

theOER and solving

@txtbks | #oersummit16

@txtbks #oersummit16 www.slideshare.com/txtbks

www.sparcopen.org

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higher ed is important

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higher ed is expensive

@txtbks | #oersummit16Source: CNN Money

@txtbks | #oersummit16

1988

1989

1990

1991

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1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

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2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

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$1,000

$3,000

$5,000

$7,000

$9,000

State FundingTuition Revenue

US Public Higher Education Funding - $/Undergrad FTE

Data source: State Higher Education Officers AssociationSlide source: @dernst, adapted under CCBY

@txtbks | #oersummit16

$33,264Average debt per borrower for PA graduating class of 2014

Source: TICAS

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Cost Factors:Tuition and FeesRoom and BoardTransportationBooks and SuppliesOther Expenses

Cost Factors:

Books and Supplies

@txtbks | #oersummit16Source: GAO

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Average Estimated Undergraduate Budgets, 2014-15

Source: College Board

Books & Supplies = $1,225

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“the straw that broke the camel’s back”

@txtbks | #oersummit16Source: Student PIRGs

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DONE READING?

GOOD

@txtbks | #oersummit16

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Market Failure

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Market Failure

5 major publishers hold nearly 90% of the

market

Source: Turning the Page by James Koch

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Market Failure

Source: NACS.org

???

@txtbks | #oersummit16

students are captives, not consumers

@txtbks | #oersummit16

2 in 3Students say they decided against buying a textbook because the cost

is too high

Source: Student PIRGs

@txtbks | #oersummit16

1 in 2Students say they have at some

point taken fewer courses due to the cost of textbooks

Source: Florida Virtual Campus

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<1 in 2Students purchase a current

edition of their textbook

Source: Book Industry Study Group

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students can’t learn from materials they can’t afford

@txtbks | #oersummit16

we can do better.

@txtbks | #oersummit16

OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES

@txtbks | #oersummit16

Hewlett Foundation Definition:“OER are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or are released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and repurposing by others”

@txtbks | #oersummit16

OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES

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OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES

@txtbks | #oersummit16

OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES

OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCES

@txtbks | #oersummit16

OPEN EDUCATIONALRESOURCESFree + Reuse Rights

• Retain• Reuse• Revise• Remix• Redistribute

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open licensing systemwww.creativecommons.org

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use © to enable free & open use

@txtbks | #oersummit16

most open

least open

OER

@txtbks | #oersummit16

how is OER created?

@txtbks | #oersummit16ocw.mit.edu

@txtbks | #oersummit16oercommons.org

@txtbks | #oersummit16openstaxcollege.org

@txtbks | #oersummit16openbookpublishers.org

@txtbks | #oersummit16plos.org

@txtbks | #oersummit16oli.cmu.edu

@txtbks | #oersummit16skillscommons.org

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how is OER being used?

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Open Textbook (Example)

• Free online

• Free PDF

• Free ePub

• Print $49.73

• Instructor can adapt and distribute

@txtbks | #oersummit16phet.colorado.edu

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@txtbks | #oersummit16

Supporting Adoption

Source: Lumen Learning

@txtbks | #oersummit16pm4id.org

@txtbks | #oersummit16

what can penn state do?

@txtbks | #oersummit16

(1) Make sharing easy

@txtbks | #oersummit16ocw.mit.edu

@txtbks | #oersummit16

open licensing systemwww.creativecommons.org

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Award winning statistics text

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(2) Consider OERbefore

traditionalmaterials

@txtbks | #oersummit16open.umn.edu

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@txtbks | #oersummit16

using OER in 1 course per year could save Penn State students

$10.7million

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using OER in 1 course per year could save US students

$1.42 billion

@txtbks | #oersummit16

(3) Support faculty toadopt, adapt,

andcreate OER

@txtbks | #oersummit16

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@txtbks | #oersummit16

Libraries & OER ForumLibOER.org#LibOER

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(4)Connect “open” toyour

institutionalmission

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"generate, disseminate, integrate, and apply knowledge that is valuable to society"

@txtbks | #oersummit16impact.lumenlearning.com

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use the internet to do what it was meant for

to benefit society

@txtbks | #oersummit16

www.sparcopen.org