FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 1
La génétique, un levier pour mieux maîtriser
les mammites chez les vaches laitières
9 sept 2016
Genetics, a tool to prevent mastitis in dairy cows
Stéphanie Minéry
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 2
Outline
Udder Health, selection is possible
20 years of genetic selection in France
Genetic results, Genomic benefits, Economic gains
Genetics, a tool to prevent mastitis
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 3
Udder Health, selection is possible
Somatic Cell Count (SCC) and Clinical Mastitis (CM) have strong genetic correlation (+0.5 - 0.7)
SCC has higher heritability than CM (15% vs 3%)
CM has significant genetic variability (sg = 6%, range of breeding values = 30%)
Rupp & Boichard, 2003
Govignon-Gion A. et al., 2012
Efficient genetic improvement is possible for CM. Selection for lower SCC is relevant to increase the resistance to both clinical and subclinical mastitis
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 4
Udder Health, 20 years of selection in France
1995 1997 2001 2010 20122005
SCC records in the national database
First SCC EBV
SCC EBV Included in
Global Merit INDEX (ISU)SCC
2016
SCC : Monthly collected during milk recording. Count Score (log transformation) : SCSData of lactation 1 to 3
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 5
Udder Health, 20 years of selection in France
1995 1997 2001 2010 20122005
SCC records in the national database
First SCC EBV
SCC EBV Included in
Global Merit INDEX (ISU)SCC
2016
Clinical Mastitis recording
First CM EBVClinical MastitisBinary trait : 0 vs >0 clinical mastitis events, collected during the first 150 days in milk; Recorded by milk recording techniciansData in lactations 1 to 3
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 6
Udder Health, 20 years of selection in France
1995 1997 2001 2010 20122005
SCC records in the national
database
First SCC EBV
SCC EBV included in
Global Merit INDEX
Clinical Mastitis recording
First CM EBV
SCC
Clinical Mastitis
2016
Only a few countries use CM data for evaluation: France, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Canada, Netherlands
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 7
Udder Health, 20 years of selection in France
7
1995 1997 2001 2010 20122005
SCC records in the national
database
First SCC EBV
SCC EBV Included in
Global Merit INDEX
Clinical Mastitis recording
First CM EBV
SCC
Clinical Mastitis
2016
CM EBV included in Global merit INDEX
(ISU) & Udder Health INDEX
Udder Health INDEX (STMA)
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 8
Breeding Objectives
18%
ISU 2001 ISU 2012
13%
Udder Health
Holstein
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 9
SCC EBV are efficient
19 982 982 HOLSTEIN data, born from 2008, Lactation 1 (Idele, INRA, 2016)
Percent of SCC > 300 000 cel/ml
SCC EBV of Cows
COW value = + 1 ONLY 5 % SCC > 300 000
Cow value = - 1 23 % SCC > 300 000
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 10
SCC EBV are efficient
19 982 982 HOLSTEIN data, born from 2008, Lactation 1 (Idele, INRA, 2016)
Percent of SCC > 300 000 cel/ml
SCC EBV of Cows
COW value = + 1 ONLY 5 % SCC > 300 000
Cow value = - 1 23 % SCC > 300 000
Cow with good SCC EBV = Lower SCC in milk
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 11
CM EBV are efficient
282 000 NORMANDE data,born from 2008, Lactation 1 (Idele, INRA : 2016)
Percentage of lactations with clinical mastitis (CM)
CM EBV of Cows
COW value + 1 : ONLY 6 % of lactations with CM
Cow value - 1 : 19 % of lactations with CM
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 12
CM EBV are efficient
282 000 NORMANDE data,born from 2008, Lactation 1 (Idele, INRA : 2016)
Percentage of lactations with clinical mastitis (CM)
CM EBV of Cows
COW value + 1 : ONLY 6 % of lactations with CM
Cow value - 1 : 19 % of lactations with CM
Cow with good Clinical Mastitis EBV = Few cases !
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 13
Improvement of genetic level of bullsSTMA (Udder health) INDEX (Note : positive index => less mastitis)
First SCC EBV
SCC Included in Global Merit Index (ISU)
CM included in Global Merit Index (ISU)
Example in HOLSTEIN, bulls used for AI
GenomicEBV
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 14
Improvement of genetic level of bullsSTMA (Udder health) INDEX (Note : positive index => less mastitis)
First SCC EBV
SCC Included in Global Merit Index (ISU)
CM included in Global Merit Index (ISU)
Example in HOLSTEIN, bulls used for AI
GenomicEBV
Increase in genetic level of bulls used in AI
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 15
Improvement of genetic level of cowsSCC EBV (Note : positive index => less SCC)
SCC included inGlobal Merit Index (ISU)
Example in HOLSTEIN, cows
Year of birth
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 16
Improvement of genetic level of cowsSCC EBV (Note : positive index => less SCC)
SCC included inGlobal Merit Index (ISU)
Example in HOLSTEIN, cows
Year of birth
Increase of genetic level of cows
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 17
Genomic benefits
From 2009 for Males and 2011 for Females : Genomic information used to estimate G(enomic)EBV
A simple ear punch sample
GENOMIC EBV = More efficient Selection
• Genetic Value known earlier, as animals are very young
• Precise information even for Cow
• More information for each animal
ADN chip
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 18
ADELE (Mario*Giana)
0.2
-0.8
ATHENA(Mario*Giana)
1.0
0.0
Genomics, for a better choice of heifers
INDEX
ADELE &ATHENA
(Mario*Giana)
SCC 0.2
Clinical Mastitis ?
NO genotyping
WITH Genotyping
An example
ATHENA Better for Udder Health
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 19
Economic gains
+1 SCC EBV
+ 55 €/cow/year
+1 CM EBV
+ 10 €/cow/year
Possible economic gain for+1 EBV value / cow/ year
Evaluated in an intensive system, Holstein cows, Northern France, Milk specialized,9000 L /year/ cow.
Results from OSIRIS Project
ImpactsMilk Quality paymentVeterinary costsZootechnical losses
ImpactsVeterinary costsZootechnical losses
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 20
% SCC > 300 000 cell/mL
7 %
3 %
Sire Genetic level GoodBad
Good herd conditions (good health, good feeding …)
Genetics, only one of the many tools for mastitis control
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 21
% SCC > 300 000 cell/mL
7 %
3 %
Sire Genetic level GoodBad
Good herd conditions (good health, good feeding …)
29 %
13 %
Poor herd conditions (bad health, milking machine problem …)
Genetics, only one of the many tools for mastitis control
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 22
% SCC > 300 000 cell/mL
29 %
13 %
7 %
3 %
Sire Genetic level
Bad genetics AND bad herd
conditions = HIGHEST Somatic CELL Count
Good genetics AND good herd conditions =
MINIMUM of Somatic CELL Count
GoodBad
Genetics, only one of the many tools for mastitis control
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 23
% SCC > 300 000 cell/mL
29 %
13 %
7 %
3 %
Sire Genetic level
Bad genetics AND bad herd
conditions = HIGHEST Somatic CELL Count
Good genetics AND good herd conditions =
MINIMUM of Somatic CELL Count
GoodBad
Genetics for the “basement”, but don’t forget the good
practices!
Genetics, only one of the many tools for mastitis control
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 24
National SCC results = combination of Genetics and Practices on Farm
2010-2014 : Increase in genetics but decline of herd conditions: SCC stable
From 2015 : Increase in genetics and herd conditions: Decrease of SCC.
Holstein
SCC
Genetics
HerdConditions
x1000 scc/ml
Index
Decreaseof SCC
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 25
Breeding Objectives on farm level
4 years lag between mating decisions and future dairy cows producing in the herd
GENETICS = medium/long term results
Choose a direction, and keep it at least 5 years, to see results in the herd.
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 26
Conclusions
French breeders have genetic tools to prevent mastitis.
SCC and Clinical Mastitis EBV are efficient, with results on economic gain.
With Genomic tools (genotyping), breeders can improve heifers choices.
Genetics = a tool for medium/long term results. Continue to focus on “good practices”, as recommended by the French national plan to prevent mastitis.
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 27
This afternoon Session 717:15
FIL- IDF Mastitis Conference - 7/9 sept 2016 - Nanteswww.idele.fr 28
Thanks
UMT 3G – INRA - ALLICEAnne Barbat, INRANadine Ballot, CNIELPascale Le Mezec, IDELEPhilippe Roussel, IDELE
Top Related