Unit I MIS

7/28/2019 Unit I MIS

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Data, Information

Intelligence

Information Technology Information Systems

Evolution

Types based on functions and hierarchy,

System Analyst : Roles & Functions


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Data are raw facts.

It represents events occurring in the

organization or physical environment.


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Data shaped into a form that is meaningful &

useful to human beings


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Input

Process

Output

Raw

materials

Process

Finished

Goods

Data

Data

processing

Information


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Completeness Clarity

Easy availability

Accuracy Authentic

Timeliness

Consistency

Appropriateness

Relevance


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I Economic Dimensions1. Cost of Information

Cost of acquiring data Cost of maintaining data

Cost of generating information

Cost of communicating information

2.Value of Information


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II Business Dimensions Time Accuracy Reliability Appropriate CompletenessIII Technical Dimensions- Technical aspects of databaseEg. Capacity of database/response

time/security/validity etc.,


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1. Uncertainty in decision making is reduced.2. Increases speed of decision making

3. It gives better understanding of the

environment4. Saves time involved in the decision making

process

5. Supports business process & operations

6. Supports decision making for managers7. It helps to gain strategic advantage for

competitors.


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Data InformationIt is unorganized information It is organized data

It is raw and abstract in nature It is processed form of data eitherfrom human skill or by use of

computersNo decisions can be taken fromdata

Major decisions are made frominformation

Data has to be collected, sorted &stored for computing

Information is processed from datacollected and generates output foreffective decision making.


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Intelligence is the power of understanding or

the power of mind to reason or the gaudiness

of understanding


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Natural Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence

Studies thought process of humansRepresent process via machines


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Nature Natural

Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence

Preservation of

knowledge

It is perishable It is permanent

Duplication &

dissemination ofknowledge

Difficult and

expensive

Easy, fast and

inexpensive

Cost of knowledge Expensive Less expensive if sharedby many users with

repetitive use.


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Consists of all the hardware & software that afirm needs to use in order to achieve itsbusiness objectives.

Hardware : Computer machines, disk drives &hand held machines etc.,

Software : Windows or linux operating systemor Microsoft Office desktop productivity suiteetc.,


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MIS is used to transform data into useful

information as needed to support managerial

decision making with structured decisions


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Data capturing

Processing of data

Storage of Information

Retrieval of information

Dissemination


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MIS provides information

At right place at right time at right cost

For operation control &management control

Strategic information

For competitive advantage of businessactivities


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1. MIS is management oriented2. Integrated system

3. Avoids redundancy in data storage

4. Planning oriented5. Subsystem concept

6. Common data flows

7. Flexibility & ease of use

8. Common database


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Information system is a set of inter-related

components that collect, process, store and

distribute information to support decision

making and control in an organization.


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People resources

Hardware resources

Software resources

Data resources

Network resources


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Operational level systems

Tactical level systems

Strategic level systems


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1. To process transactions

2. To maintain master files

3. To produce reports

4. To process enquiries

5. To produce interactive support applications


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Senior

Management

Middle Management

Knowledge Workers

Operational Management

Production & Service Workers

Data workers


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Review Strengths & Challenges

Decision making

Formulate action plans

Create new products & services


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Computer Hardware Computer software

Data management technology

Networking & telecommunication technology- Network

- Internet

- Intranet

- Extranet


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Low cost leadership

Product differentiation

Focus on market niche


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INFORMATION SYSTEM :BASED ON HIERARCHY


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I Transaction processing system (TPS) Daily routine transactions of a businessEg. Payroll System

II Management Information System (MIS)Provide middle managers with report on

organisation current performance Monitor and control business Predict future perfromance Provide answers to routine decision making


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III Decision Support system (DSS) Support non-routine decision making for

middle management.

Elements : Database, Model base & UserInterface

IV Executive Support system (ESS)

Address strategic issue and long term trends

both in firm and external environment Digital dashboard


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Financial IS

Marketing IS

Production IS

Human resource IS


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Unit I MIS

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