tecnologia cummis 1

8/9/2019 tecnologia cummis 1

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Selec t ive Cat a lyt ic

Reduc t ion (SCR) andDiesel Ex haust Flu id

(DEF)Tra in ing Module



DEF – SCR Train ing Modu le

Welcome to the Cummins Filtration DEFWelcome to the Cummins Filtration DEF – – SCRSCRtraining module.training module.

DEF & SCR systems are key to CumminsDEF & SCR systems are key to Cummins

meeting the 2010 Onmeeting the 2010 On--Highway emissionsHighway emissionsrequirements.requirements.

Many other engine manufacturers have selectedMany other engine manufacturers have selectedSCR as their 2010 emission strategy.SCR as their 2010 emission strategy.

Consequently, DEF will be an integral part ofConsequently, DEF will be an integral part oftheir solution as well.their solution as well.



DEF – SCR Train ing Modu le

The following training module will introduce you toThe following training module will introduce you to

the basic aspects of SCR technology, providingthe basic aspects of SCR technology, providing

an overview of the Selective Catalytic Reductionan overview of the Selective Catalytic Reduction(SCR) system and Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF).(SCR) system and Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF).



DEF – SCR Training Module

Object ives:

Objective 1: Become familiar with DEF and SCR systemsObjective 1: Become familiar with DEF and SCR systems

Objective 2: Gain further knowledge of DEFObjective 2: Gain further knowledge of DEF

Objective 3: Understand Cummins FiltrationObjective 3: Understand Cummins Filtration’’s role in DEFs role in DEFsupplysupply



Objec t ive 1: Bec om e fam i l iar w i t h DEF andObjec t ive 1: Bec om e fam i l iar w i t h DEF and

SCR sys t em sSCR sys t em s



Objec t ive 1: Bec om e fam i l iar w i t h DEF and SCR

sys tems

2010 heavy2010 heavy--dutydutyemissions standards foremissions standards for

North America are:North America are:

0.2 g/HP0.2 g/HP--hr NOxhr NOx

0.01 g/HP0.01 g/HP--hrhr

Particulate Matter (PM).Particulate Matter (PM).

0.010.01 0.100.10

0.20.2

1.21.2

2.52.5

4.04.0

5.05.0

1994

1998

2002

2007

2010

0.00.00.00.0

N O x

N O x

( g /

h p

( g /

h p - - h r )

h r )

PMPM (g/hp(g/hp--hr)hr)




sys tems

0.010.01 0.100.10

0.20.2

1.21.2

2.52.5

4.04.0

5.05.0

1994

1998

2002

2007

2010

0.00.00.00.0

N O x

N O x

( g /

h p

( g /

h p - - h r )

h r )

PMPM (g/hp(g/hp--hr)hr)

This is a reductionThis is a reductionof emissions byof emissions by

98% since the late98% since the late

19801980’’s.s.




sys tems

Cummins has committedCummins has committedto providing a completeto providing a complete

lineup of certified andlineup of certified and

compliant oncompliant on--highwayhighwayengine products that willengine products that will

meet the 2010meet the 2010

emissions standards.emissions standards.




sys tems

For 2010, Cummins is enhancing the technology that itFor 2010, Cummins is enhancing the technology that it

currently has in the marketplace. Building on itscurrently has in the marketplace. Building on itssuccesses with cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)successes with cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)

introduced in 2002 and the Cummins Particulate Filterintroduced in 2002 and the Cummins Particulate Filter

introduced in 2007, Cummins will meet the 2010introduced in 2007, Cummins will meet the 2010emissions standards with the addition of Nitrogen Oxideemissions standards with the addition of Nitrogen Oxide

(NOx) aftertreatment using Selective Catalytic Reduction(NOx) aftertreatment using Selective Catalytic Reduction

(SCR) technology.(SCR) technology.




sys tems

SCR technology uses a ureaSCR technology uses a ureabased chemical called dieselbased chemical called diesel

exhaust fluid (DEF) and aexhaust fluid (DEF) and a

catalytic converter tocatalytic converter tosignificantly reduce oxides ofsignificantly reduce oxides of

nitrogen (NOx) emissions.nitrogen (NOx) emissions.

SCR Catalyst• Very high efficiency• Thermal stability




sys tems

SCR technology is not newSCR technology is not newto Cummins or Cumminsto Cummins or Cummins

Filtration. In 2006,Filtration. In 2006,

Cummins launched itsCummins launched itsmidrange engines certifiedmidrange engines certified

to the Euro 4 standardto the Euro 4 standard

using SCR for commercialusing SCR for commercial

vehicle applications invehicle applications inEurope.Europe.

SCR Catalyst• Very high efficiency

• Thermal stability




sys tems

Cummins has built andCummins has built andshipped over 50,000 SCRshipped over 50,000 SCR

engines to date.engines to date.

Cummins EmissionCummins EmissionSolutions has built andSolutions has built and

shipped over 250,000shipped over 250,000

SCR systems.SCR systems.





sys tems

Cummins Filtration hasCummins Filtration hasoffered DEF for stationaryoffered DEF for stationary

applications for over 5applications for over 5

years.years.





sys tems

DEF is injected into the hotDEF is injected into the hotexhaust gas stream where itexhaust gas stream where itvaporizes and decomposes tovaporizes and decomposes toform ammonia and carbonform ammonia and carbon

dioxide. Ammonia (NHdioxide. Ammonia (NH33) is the) is thedesired product which indesired product which in

conjunction with the SCRconjunction with the SCR

catalyst, converts the NOx tocatalyst, converts the NOx to

Nitrogen (NNitrogen (N22) and water (H) and water (H220).0).


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Urea.png



Selec t ive Cat a lyt i c Reduc t ion Com ponent sAnd The Chem ic a l Proc ess That Oc c urs

Ins ide The SCR Devic e

Chemistry is well understood and controllable

11 22 33

DEF Injection• Small quantity of DEF injected

• Proportional to NOx rate• 32.5% solution in water,

freezing point = 11°F

• Stored in heated tanks

• (NH2)2CO

Hydrolysis• When the DEF is injected

into hot exhaust gas, itvaporizes anddecomposes to formammonia and carbondioxide

• NH3

NOx Catalysis• NO and NO2 react with

ammonia over a catalystto form nitrogen and

water vapor

44

Ammonia Slip• Any trace amounts of

ammonia remaining afterreaction with NOx is

broken down to nitrogen

• Maximum tailpipe

ammonia 10PPM

UreaInjector

SCRCatalyst

SlipCatalyst





























































SCR maximizes combustionSCR maximizes combustionefficiencies allowing the engine toefficiencies allowing the engine tobe fully optimized, providing:be fully optimized, providing: – – Improved engine performance andImproved engine performance and

drivabilitydrivability

– – Up to 5% fuel economy advantage overUp to 5% fuel economy advantage over ‘‘0707Cummins Heavy Duty enginesCummins Heavy Duty engines

– – Lower contaminants in both exhaust andLower contaminants in both exhaust andlube systemlube system

– – Fewer Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)Fewer Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)regenerationsregenerations

Objec t ive 1: Bec om e fam i l iar w i t h DEF and SCRsys tems



Air IntakeSystem

Fuel Lube Coolant

Crankcase Ventilation

System

Turbo

Exhaust Gas

Recirculation System

Engine FiltrationSystems

AftertreatmentSystem

ExhaustSystem

Centrifuge

SCRSCR -- DEFDEF

The combination of combustion design, fuel systems, air handlingThe combination of combustion design, fuel systems, air handling, aftertreatment,, aftertreatment,

filtration and electronic controls, all infiltration and electronic controls, all in--house core technologies, puts Cumminshouse core technologies, puts Cummins

in a very unique and strong market position.in a very unique and strong market position.


sys tems



Objec t ive 2: Gain fur t her k now ledge of DEFObjec t ive 2: Gain fur t her k now ledge of DEF



Objec t ive 2: Gain fur t her k now ledge of DEF

Diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) isDiesel exhaust fluid (DEF) isthe reactant necessary forthe reactant necessary forthe functionality of the SCRthe functionality of the SCRsystem.system.

DEF is produced fromnatural gas, coal or other

petroleum products.




Pure urea is solid at roomPure urea is solid at roomtemperature. DEF istemperature. DEF isprepared by dissolvingprepared by dissolvingsolid urea to create asolid urea to create a

32.5% solution in32.5% solution indeionized water.deionized water.




DEF has high purityDEF has high purityrequirements which arerequirements which aredefined by the Germandefined by the GermanInstitute of StandardizationInstitute of Standardization

DIN 70700 and theDIN 70700 and theInternational OrganizationInternational Organizationfor Standardization ISOfor Standardization ISO2224122241--1.1.

There is also an AmericanPetroleum Institute (API)

certification.




A 32.5% solution of DEF willA 32.5% solution of DEF willfreeze at 12 degrees F,freeze at 12 degrees F,((--11 C).11 C).

This is the ideal solution as itThis is the ideal solution as it

allows the lowest freezeallows the lowest freezepoint. In the event thepoint. In the event thesolution does freeze, thesolution does freeze, the

urea and water will thaw aturea and water will thaw atthe same rate, ensuringthe same rate, ensuringthe solution does notthe solution does notbecome diluted.become diluted.




The installation of an SCRThe installation of an SCRsystem will provide forsystem will provide forheating of the DEF tank byheating of the DEF tank bytemperature controlledtemperature controlled

coolant heat. The DEF linecoolant heat. The DEF linefrom the tank to the doserfrom the tank to the doserwill be heated bywill be heated bytemperature controlledtemperature controlledelectrical heat tape.electrical heat tape.

The system is designed toThe system is designed tooperate properly in coldoperate properly in cold

climates.climates.

Cummins has seenunaided cold starts at -40°

in under 2 seconds!




It is important to note, thatIt is important to note, thateven in the event that theeven in the event that theDEF supply is frozen, (in aDEF supply is frozen, (in avehicle) it will NOT impactvehicle) it will NOT impact

the operators ability to startthe operators ability to startup and continue normalup and continue normaloperation of the vehicle.operation of the vehicle.

Note: If DEF freezes, it can be thawedand used. DEF is not damaged or

destroyed from being frozen



Shelf life of DEF is a function of ambient storageShelf life of DEF is a function of ambient storagetemperaturetemperature

– – Not a concern even in the harshest climatesNot a concern even in the harshest climates

ISO Spec 22241ISO Spec 22241--3 details the Storage, Handling3 details the Storage, Handlingand Shelf Life minimum expectationsand Shelf Life minimum expectations


DEF stored at a constanttemperature of 95 deg F had a

shelf life of over 6 months!




In order to maintainIn order to maintainmaximummaximum shelf life,shelf life,Cummins recommendsCummins recommendsDEF be stored at under 86DEF be stored at under 86°°

F (30F (30°°C)C)

In order to avoid freezing,In order to avoid freezing,Cummins recommendsCummins recommendsDEF be stored at aboveDEF be stored at above1212°°F (F (--1111°°C)C)



DEF is safe to handle and storeDEF is safe to handle and store – – NonNon--toxic and nontoxic and non--pollutingpolluting

– – NonNon--flammableflammable – – Stable and colorlessStable and colorless

– – NonNon--hazardoushazardous – – Does not require special handlingDoes not require special handling

When stored at extremeWhen stored at extremetemperatures, neither DEF nortemperatures, neither DEF norUrea become toxicUrea become toxic

DEF is slightly alkaline with a pHDEF is slightly alkaline with a pHof approximately 9of approximately 9

Diese l Ex haust Flu id - Proper t ies




DEF consumption isDEF consumption isexpected to beexpected to beapproximately 2% of fuelapproximately 2% of fuelconsumption, dependantconsumption, dependant

on vehicle operation,on vehicle operation,duty cycle, geography,duty cycle, geography,ratings etc.ratings etc.



Example: Heavy DutyExample: Heavy Duty

Annual miles for average truck =Annual miles for average truck =120,000120,000

mpg for average truck = 6 mpgmpg for average truck = 6 mpg

120,000/ 6 mpg = 20,000 gallons diesel120,000/ 6 mpg = 20,000 gallons dieselfuel per yearfuel per year

DEF usage @ 2% of fuel consumptionDEF usage @ 2% of fuel consumption= 400 gallons of DEF/year= 400 gallons of DEF/year

400 gallons / 20 gallon tank (average400 gallons / 20 gallon tank (averagesize) =size) = 20 DEF fill20 DEF fill--ups/yearups/year

Diese l Ex haust Flu id - Opera t ion



Example: Medium DutyExample: Medium Duty

Annual miles for average truck = 50,000Annual miles for average truck = 50,000 mpg for average truck = 8 mpgmpg for average truck = 8 mpg

50,000 miles/8 mpg = 6,250 gallons50,000 miles/8 mpg = 6,250 gallons

diesel fuel per yeardiesel fuel per year

DEF usage @ 2% of fuel consumptionDEF usage @ 2% of fuel consumption= 125 gallons of DEF/year= 125 gallons of DEF/year

125 gallons / 10 gallon tank (average125 gallons / 10 gallon tank (averagesize) =size) = 13 DEF fill13 DEF fill--ups/yearups/year

A truck averaging 8 mpg canexpect to travel approximately 400

miles on 1 gallon of DEF!

Diese l Ex haust Flu id - Operat ion



DEF level gaugeDEF level gaugeincorporated with all fuelincorporated with all fuel

gaugesgauges

Multiple step notificationMultiple step notification

system as to remaining DEFsystem as to remaining DEF

At no time is the vehicleAt no time is the vehicle

ever shut down due to noever shut down due to no

DEF remainingDEF remaining




The function of the SCRThe function of the SCRsystem is dependant on asystem is dependant on ahigh quality, 32.5% DEFhigh quality, 32.5% DEFsolution:solution:

– – NOx sensors are in placeNOx sensors are in placeto ensure good qualityto ensure good qualityDEF is always usedDEF is always used


NOx

Sensors



Diese l Ex haust Flu id - Main t enanc e

On Cummins engines,On Cummins engines,

maintenance is a simplemaintenance is a simple

filter change every 200Kfilter change every 200K

miles, 322K kilometers ormiles, 322K kilometers or5000 hours.5000 hours.

This DEF dosing unit filterThis DEF dosing unit filterwill be available for orderwill be available for order

from your local Cumminsfrom your local Cummins

Distributor.Distributor. DEF Dosing UnitFilter Location



Diese l Ex haust Flu id - Main t enanc e

The filter is located under a twist off cap in the DEF tankThe filter is located under a twist off cap in the DEF tank



Objec t ive 3: Underst and Cum m insObjec t ive 3: Underst and Cum m ins

Fi l t ra t ionF i l t ra t ion ’’s role in DEF supplys role in DEF supply



Objec t ive 3 : Unders tand Cum m ins Fi l t ra t ion ’s ro le in

DEF supp ly

Cummins Filtration has beenCummins Filtration has beenproviding DEF for use inproviding DEF for use in

stationary engines sincestationary engines since

2003, formerly sold under2003, formerly sold under

the StableGuard Ureathe StableGuard Urea

name.name.




DEF supp ly

Cummins Filtration offersCummins Filtration offersDEF through our extensiveDEF through our extensive

distribution network, whichdistribution network, which

includes over 20,000includes over 20,000

locations with nearly 8,000locations with nearly 8,000

retailers in North America.retailers in North America.

Fleetguard DEF is available forOEM first-fill as well as

Aftermarket sales.




DEF supp ly

Fleetguard DEF meetsFleetguard DEF meetsISO22241 specificationsISO22241 specifications

and is certified by API.and is certified by API.




DEF supp ly

Fleetguard DEF is availableFleetguard DEF is availablein bulk, plastic andin bulk, plastic and

disposable totes, plasticdisposable totes, plastic

drums, and smallerdrums, and smaller

container sizes.container sizes.




DEF supp ly

Bulk delivery is availableBulk delivery is availabledirectly from our blendingdirectly from our blending

facilities for addedfacilities for added

convenience, and will beconvenience, and will be

available throughout Northavailable throughout NorthAmerica.America.

Minimum tanker loadsare 5,000 gallons, FOB

blending location.



Cum m ins Fi l t ra t ion DEF

AllAll--inin--One Kits for DEF DispensingOne Kits for DEF Dispensing

include motor, pump, nozzle, hose, andinclude motor, pump, nozzle, hose, andadapteradapter

39703993970399 – – Tote Electric KitTote Electric Kit

39703983970398 – – Tote Air KitTote Air Kit 39704033970403 – – Drum Electric KitDrum Electric Kit

39704023970402 – – Drum Air KitDrum Air Kit

Optional flow meterOptional flow meter -- 39703973970397

All materials meet ISO requirements forAll materials meet ISO requirements forDEF compatibilityDEF compatibility



DEF pricing is driven by various market factorsDEF pricing is driven by various market factors – – Natural gas prices are only one driver of DEF pricingNatural gas prices are only one driver of DEF pricing

– – Current pricing is based on low volumeCurrent pricing is based on low volume

– – The growing demand and increasing availability for DEF willThe growing demand and increasing availability for DEF willinfluence competitive pricinginfluence competitive pricing

Pricing of bulk DEF will be around the price ofPricing of bulk DEF will be around the price ofdiesel, in the $2diesel, in the $2 -- $3 per gallon range$3 per gallon range

Smaller package pricing will vary based upon sizeSmaller package pricing will vary based upon sizeand delivery methodand delivery method

Diesel Ex haust Flu id Pr ic ing



Learn More about DEF

To learn more aboutTo learn more aboutDEF, there are severalDEF, there are several

helpful tools onhelpful tools oncumminsfiltration.comcumminsfiltration.com:: – – Brochure, LT15618Brochure, LT15618

– – DEF Usage CalculatorDEF Usage Calculator

– – DEF Fact Sheet, MB10033DEF Fact Sheet, MB10033 – – DEF Informational VideoDEF Informational Video

– – DEF MSDS SheetDEF MSDS Sheet

Or visit these websites:Or visit these websites: – – everytime.cummins.comeverytime.cummins.com

– – factsaboutscr.comfactsaboutscr.com

– – truthaboutscr.comtruthaboutscr.com

– – truckscr.comtruckscr.com

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