Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy...

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Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism , thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy

Transcript of Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy...

Page 1: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Ph. de Moerloose

Geneva October 2008

Venous thromboembolism,

thrombophilia, antithrombotic

therapy and pregnancy

Page 2: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Echanges de correspondance

Cher Philippe,

je suis quand même épaté que tu arrives comme la

dernière fois à faire coïncider ta réunion avec une

grève de la SNCF...

Mon Cher Philippe,

En fait, c'est très simple d'organiser un congrès en

France qui coïncide avec une grève ! L'inverse est

sûrement plus aléatoire...

Page 3: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Sous-chapitres

• Utilisation des antithrombotiques pendant la

grossesse et en cas d’allaitement

• Risque de VTE post-césarienne et prévention

• Traitement de la MTEV

• Prévention de la MTEV

• Complications obstétricales

• Anticoagulation en cas de prothèses valvulaires

Page 4: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Inflation?

2004 2008

17 pages 44 pages

2 pages 12 pages

1 table 6 tables

119 références 230 références

Page 5: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Logiquement

• Par rapport à 2004, on pourrait s’attendre

à plus de recommandations pour la partie

complications de la grossesse

• En fait moins de recommandations

Page 6: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

En 2004 a)

4.1. For women with recurrent pregnancy loss

(three or more miscarriages), and women with

prior severe or recurrent preeclampsia,

abruptions, or otherwise unexplained

intrauterine death, we suggest screening for

congenital thrombophilia and aPLA (grade 2C)

Page 7: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

En 2004 b)

4.3. For women who are homozygous for

thermolabile variant (C677T) of MTHFR, we

suggest folic acid supplementation prior to

conception or, if already pregnant, as soon as

possible, and throughout pregnancy (grade

2C)

Page 8: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

En 2004 c)

4.4. For women with a congenital thrombophilic

deficit and recurrent miscarriages, a second-

trimester or later loss, severe or recurrent

preeclampsia, or abruption, we suggest low-

dose aspririn plus either minidose heparin or

prophylactic LMWH (grade 2C)

Page 9: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

En 2008, le grand virage

Tout ce qui concerne anomalies héréditaires de

l’hémostase et complications obstétricales est

supprimé, que ce soit pour les recommandations

de dépistage ou de thérapeutiques!

Page 10: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Tables 6 à 9

Que ce soit pour les pertes fœtales précoces, le

risque de pré-éclampsie, le risque de décollement

placentaire ou celui de RCIU, les études montrent

un risque plus élevé chez les femmes avec

thrombophilies héréditaires par rapport à celles

qui n’en ont pas

Page 11: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.
Page 12: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Mais alors pourquoi cet abandon?

• Pas assez de certitude du risque associé

• Pas de démonstration indiscutable d’un effet

bénéfique d’un traitement antithrombotique

(alors qu’effets secondaires potentiels)

• Références jusqu’en 2006 : nouvelles

données en 2007 ou 2008?

Page 13: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Ex. de littérature de 2007 et 2008

FVLeiden is associated with preeclampsia but

not with growth restriction: a genetic

association study (6755 mother-infant pairs)

and meta-analysis

Dudding et al. JTH 2008;6:1868

Page 14: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Dudding et al. JTH 2008;6:1868

Odds ratio for the association between pre-eclampsia and maternal FVL

Page 15: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Folkeringa et al. Br J Haematol 2007;136:656

Reduction of high fetal loss rate by anticoagulant treatment during pregnancy in AT, PC or PS women (50 probands, 326 deficient and non-deficient relatives)

Page 16: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Mais aussi

Outcome of the subsequent pregnancy after a first loss

in women with FVL or IIG20210A mutations

Coppens et al. JTH 2007;5:1444

Messages : a) après une première perte tardive, risque

2x plus grand d’en avoir une seconde, mais b) risque le

même si thrombophilie VL, IIG20210A ou non

Page 17: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

One key paper

Thrombophilias and adverse pregnancy outcome

– A confounded problem

Kist et al. Thromb Haemost 2008;99:77

Page 18: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

In conclusion,

« reports on the prevalence of maternal

thrombophilias and adverse pregnancy outcomes

are influenced by various confounders (ethnicity,

severity, methods of testing), which are not always

appropriately analysed. These data emphasise the

importance of more uniform research”

Kist et al. Thromb Haemost 2008;99:77

Page 19: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Ce qui subsiste = aPLA (un peu modifié)

9.1.1. For women with recurrent early

pregnancy loss (three or more miscarriages)

or unexplained late pregnancy loss, we

recommend screening for APLAs (grade 1A)

9.1.2. For women with severe or recurrent

preeclampsia or IUGR, we suggest screening

for APLAs (grade 2C)

Page 20: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

Ce qui subsiste = aPLA (un peu modifié)

9.2.1. For women with APLAs and recurrent

(three or more) pregnancy loss or late

pregnancy loss and no history of venous or

arterial thrombosis, we recommend

antepartum administration of prophylactic or

intermediate-dose UFH or prophylactic LMWH

combined with aspirin (grade 1B)

Page 21: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.

En résumé

• Chapitre bien fait mais références → 2006

• Grades : 4 1A, 4 1B, 11 1C, 21 2C

• La recherche des anomalies héréditaires de

l’hémostase en cas de complications

obstétricales sans thrombose associée

reste un sujet controversé

Page 22: Ph. de Moerloose Geneva October 2008 Venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy and pregnancy.