?^. w H. GAIDOZ yTS^%/ 1870- 188

s xO^*^^^ PUBLIE SOLS LA DIRECTION DE

-^^\^H. D'ARBOIS DE JUBAINVILLE

Membre de l'Institut, Professeur au Collge de France

AVEC LE CONCOURS DE

J. LOTH E. ERNAULTDoyen de la Facult des Professeur la Facult des

Lettres de Rennes Lettres de Poitiers

ET DE PLUSIEURS SAVANTS DES ILES BRITANNIQUES ET DU CONTINENT

G. DOTTINMatre de Confrences la Facult des Lettres de Rennes

Secrtaire de la Rdaction

Tome XV

a /qit

PARISLIBRAIRIE Emile BOUILLON, DITEUR

67, RUE DE RICHELIEU, 6j

1894

AN OLD-IRISH TREATISE

DE ARREIS

The Old-Irish treatise on the penitential commutations,which is hre printed and translated for the first time, is foundin the wellknown Bodleian codex Rawlinson B. 512, fo. 42 b i.It should be compared with the De arreis printed by Wasser-schlebenin his Bussordnungender abendlndischen Kirche, p. 139,and with the Redemptiones Cummeani (cf. Wasserschleben,1. c, p. 229).

That the original from whih the Rawlinson copy is deri-ved was written during the Old-Irish period there can be nodoubt. But I cannot fix upon any definite criterion for deter-mining in which century it was composed. However, I thinkit safe to say that this cannot hve been later than the 8thcentury. Notice such forms as the relative file 7 , the Ist sing.creitiu \i (et. creitim 21), arcu 12; the futures conniestar 5,rister 6, doeema 8; the dponents cumrigedar 5, conarmidedar9, conmidedar 6; conamididir 32, 33 seems a scribal error forthe perfect con\d\amidir ; the datives laithiu 1, suidiu 21, 32,forcimal 10, 12, 18 etc.; deac 20, du thy 31, du to

31, 32, the phrase amal rongabsat ut sunt 5, etc.The following rare words occur.

abann f. scourge, gen. aibne 22. dat. abaind 1. cen figill nacen fiach aibne ind, LBr. io a

,31, doberair dia sathairn im

noin fiach. aibne na hoidche luain, ib. ii''6. Borrowed, likeW. afwyn, from Lat. habena.

ait, a neuter(?) u-stem, joint, gen. pi. alta 1.

486 Kuno Meyer.

arcu/ bescech, 12, 21. arco fuin dom Dia .i. arco .i. rogo (MS.rogha) fuin .i. finem (MS. finim), dilgud m Dia arco .i.cuingim, H. 3. 18, p. 65.

arra (*arre) n. quivalent, substitute, commutation =. Lat. pre-tium, arreum 1 . nom. pi. na barra 6, na harrada 1. dat. ar-raib 5, 7. arradaib 4. di biait dc arra na .111., LBr.,ioa 40. arra .i. lach no fach 7 deismirecht air: ioxretharra anarra, H. 3. 18, p. 650a, from Laws III p. 152, 1.Cf. also Fl. Ind. s. v. arrae.

ath-laech m. a former layman, a lay-brother. 8. See Aisl. MeicCongl. Ind. eirg cosin athlrech fil issindinsi, LL. 358 marg.in tress athlaech na Hrend, Fl. p. 1, 20.

ath-laeches f. a former Iaywomaii, a lay-sister, 8.bith-erchoiliud constant dtermination? 19.conarmidiur I adjudge, 9.conmidiur / adjudge, 6.cubachal cubiculum, dat. pi. cubachlaib 8.dethberas reason, 5

.

dichratus fervour, 5.dilacht earnest, ^ealous ? 12.

duine-taide f . man-stealing, 5

.

dr-pennait f. hard-penance, gen. -pennaiti 14, 26, 33.eipistil f. message, 5.

fo, cum dat. in accordance with. fo lin alta 1. foa 5. ar is f

ulc adfenar olc, LL. 294a, 23. Cf. fon indas sin, ton cruthsin, fon ait ctna, etc.

for-iadad conclusion, 2.

imtha thus, 7.ingabala fit to be sung, 4.leth-arra n. dimidium arrei, 5.leth-pennait f. a halj-penance. pi. n. -pennaiti, 5.pennainn f. penance, 5.7. gen. peinne 5, 6. do aes drphendi,

1. Zimracr's notion (Glossae Hibernicae, pp. xv, 284) that arra is pho-netic spelling of aithrige is a very unlucky one. Neither gender nor mea-ning agre, nor is there the slightest vidence or likelihood that aitlirige inold Irish was pronounced at ail like arre. Aithrige f. is derived from aithrechand means repentance , not penance , which is pennait or pennainn(mod. Ir. breith aithrighe).

An old-insh Treatise De Arreis. 4S7

LBr. 9b 7. Jo oess phcndi, ib. ioa

,41. Hencc the verb pen-

dim / do penance. mad phcndi ina rr, LBr. cia beth ara-phendi, ib. 10% 50. inti nat pcnni, ib. io b , 38. pendithcr, 44.pennither 47.

rogud extending, extension, 31. hond rogud gl. extension, Ml.37 d, 6. na cessa inna roguth cen gluasacht, LL. 282 a, 43.

selainn, 52 a rai ion of honey consisting offour eggfuls, Reeves,On the Culdees, p. 202, note. LBr. 9 b , 8, 13, 36, 43.10a, 29.

slechtan gnuflexion, passim. In LU. 69 a, 22 it means pros-tration: tallci inna slchtain co n-dechaid carpat Fergusataris co to thri.

trtrommad heaviness, drowsiness, 8. co trtrommad 7 co nemiltius, LU. 36 b, 14, said ot the bodies of sinners afterthe rsurrection. In other connexions the word means pes-terinp see Wind. s. v.

NA ARRADA SO SIS COLLEIC.

1. Arra tesairgne anmaaifurnd .i. coiepaterar tr/[b] fichtibar trib cetaib 7 coic slechtana ar t/7[b] fichtib ar tr/b cetaib 7coic beimen// ar trib fichtib ar trib cetaib di abaind in cech oenlaithiu co ceand mbliadna 7 troscad cech mis toesairg anmaina hifi/rn. Ar is fo Ii alta 7 feithe fil i curp duine doronad inarra sa tri hice na hanma atroille piana isi/z curp.

2. Arra n-aill .i. tri cicaii cech laithe cona foriadad do bia-tib co cenn secht mb\adan doesairg anmain a ifwrn.

3. Arra n-aill nach sia .i. lauda 1 7 biait 7 pate or cech salmco cenn teora mbliada.

4. Doessairg anmain a hifwrn cacb arra dona harradaib so,mad ingabala a eenaire etir.

5

.

Is foa va dotht cech pennaiw etir duire 7 fot i;ma reei m-betheroca fo meit an peetha 7 fo eret feidlight/;/;- and 7

1 MS. luada, with marks of transposition under u and a.

4S Kuno Meyr.

fo dethlvrus ara n-dntar 7 fo dichratw^ scarthar fris iarum.Ar atat araile pectha dib ni dlegat dilgud a peinne cid foda inre conniestar [fo. 42b , 2] doib, mani cumrigedar Dia feisin triabas n eipistil n-gak/r n meid ant sxthair dochuredar * nechfair fesin, amal 2 rongabsat 3 fingala 7 duineorcni 7 duinetaidi7 amah rogabstft diberga 7 druidechta 7 cai/ztechta 7 amal*rogabsat adaltras 7 cuilige 7 ethech 7 hress 7 tairmt[h]cr/;/graid. Ar atat araile dona pecthaib icthaid leth pennaiti colleth-arraib. Atat araile icthai arra co tr/un peinne. Atat araile ic-t[h]ait arra n'am.

6. Ar is ed ceth#rdai atrimed an ecnaid ara n-dcntar nabarra .i. ar mi irascartha frisin peccad iarna choimlebaid, aroman imt[h]ormaig inna pectha ar chiund, ar cuimnugud sae-gail riasiu ristt'r forcend peinne awmidedar anmchara, ar cuin-7/riuch cuirp Crist 7 a fola tria cuin//riuch peinni.

7. Amal file Ira deochair et/r laechu 7 clerchu, et/r maccail-lecha 7 laichesa, imtha samlaid deochair et/r a sacthar 7 pen-nain;;. Ata ano et/r na harraib-ata cora do demi/// doib.

8. Arra na n-athbech 7 na n-athlaeiches ctumw^ feis in-uiscib, feis for nenaid, feis for bhescaib cn, feis la marb i-deirc, uair nad bi coimtig he-ch n laiches 6 nad bi cuit ocmarbad duini. Ate immorro arra ata cire do chlerchib 7 doc[h]aillechaib achi anti dib marbas duine, mani dentar ar \m-t[h]ormach fochraice .i. feiss doib i n-ecailsib uaraib n a cuba-chlaib deirritib oc figlib 7 oc ernaigthib [fo. 43 a, ij cencumsanud .i. cet suide, cet lige, cet cotulta, amal bid for belaibif/rn //obetis, acht ma doecma tortromadh m-bec i suidiu namaetir di ernaigthi.

9. Hite va arra cowarmidedar in noib do dubtroscad iarmorchi/z .i. cet m-bcmen/z co n-abaind n na tri

An old-rsh Trcatise De Arreis. 489

torium usquc estmz fo tri i forciumz cech p^/cr 7 slech-

tain for cech Deus 7 innithem menman colleir i n-Dia. Asarra duibtredain do neoch dogni inwsiw fo t[h]/7.

11. Arra troiscthe do neoch legfas : na tri cicait 1 conacantaicib issesam 7 celebmd cech tratha 7 da slechtaiw dec 7lama foena fri Dia i trathaib an lai co n-immrdud 2 leir do-c[h]um nime.

12. Arra dubtroisct[h]e im-morchinaid do neuch nad lega.i. tri cht slechtain 7 tri cht m-bemeann n-indraice con-abainn, crosfigeall i forciund cech cet co m-bat scitha lmha

;

a Arcu laine um Dia, domair trocairc, creitiu in Trinoit, \ssed canas gan cumsanad co roisc a n-arra 7 beim a bruinneco menic la sodain co n-aithrige d'ihcbt fri Dia. Is arra tredaindo a denum fo thri.

13. Arra troiscthe im minpeetha coitchenna .i. AWeluiaAllluia in manus 3 usquc umtatis , pater noster co ior-cend. Canair insin i croisfigill fo t[h]richait 7 tricha slechtan

7 tricha bemenn di abaind ina degaid.14. Arra scht m-h]ia.dan uipennate di ernaicht[h]ib gla-

naib do tesarczwz anma a pianaib if/rn .i. cet n-oifrm, [fo. 43 a, 2]cet coecat salm, cet m-biaiti, cet slechtan cech biaiti, cet credo,

cet pater, cet vmv// anwa.15. Arra n-aill : bliadan dubtredain cen dig, cen biad, cen

cotlud. Adaig i4 n-uisci, adaig for nenaid cen etach, alaile orblaescaib cn.

16. Arra n-aill : da tredan dc, cech se i n-degaid araile.Praind co saith etir cech da troscud.

17. Arra n-aill : da biat do cetol i croisfigill cen tairnemlama occa.

18. Arra n-aill dawo; Miserere mei Deus do cetul foc[h]ethrochait i croisfigill n i 1 seswm 7 pater fo cach salm 7 Deus in zintorium usquc estinz fo thri i 1 forciundcach sailmb.

19. Arra n-aill : secht mis i 2 carcair or usce 7 bargin o

1

.

MS. c.ioca2 . MS. coiuiuiuadug3

.

MS. anman4. MS. a

490 Kuno Meyer.

noin co noin for uir n clar la ernaig[th]e n-gresaig co celebradcech tratha la bitherchoiliud.

20. Arra tri cicat salm inso .i. pater fo d dc 7 Deus inziutorium usque fkrtina for cech pater. Pater fo c[h]oicdeac 7 Dms in adiutorium usque in finem for cech vater icaidcech pecad la aidrige leir o c[h]ride.

21. Arra tredain do neoch nad lga .i. h co n-aidche cencotlud cen telcud issuidiu, acht in 1 tan dolleici ri slechtan

nama. Arcu 2 fuin im Dia, domair trocaire, c[r]eitim an Tri-noit , is ed canas cen cumsanad. Pater noster 7 credo fo didc i crosfigill 7 tri slechtain i ceehtar 7 Deus m adiufo-rium usque ferfina etir ter for gaeh n-ernaigthe as arratredain. Tricha tredan in cruth sa is arra blhdna pennaite domflcclereach, ut Gregorius awstituit.

22. Arra troiscthe do fiachaib aibne .i. secht cet m-bei-meann n-indraic co fo sechd [fo. 43 b, 1].

23. Arra n-aill do slechtanaib .i. da cet slechtan n-innraiceco filliud in 3 chuirp cen dichell.

24. Arra n-aill : do bith i sesam cen crann cen airiseam cor-ragbaither na tri cicait* co cantaicib.

25. Arra n-aill do chroisfigill co roisc cicait* salm doc[h]edal, n biait quater 7 ni comracat lama ri toeba co roisca cetul cen cobe acht ni dot c[h]ongbail do nach rt aile.

26. Arra sechtmaine durpennaiti for usa 7 bairgin .i. sechtm-biaiti i 5 croisfigill innraic 7 credo 7 ptffer 7 ymnum 6 dicatar cech m-biait.

27. Arra sechtmaine dano do neuch na roleg .i. secht cetslechtan n-innraic 7 secht m-beimeanna n-innraici 7 crosfigealli > forciund cech cet co m-bat scitha lama.

28. Arra cicthigis 7 : a denam fo di.29. Arra ficha aidche : a denum fo t[h]ri.

1

.

MS. an2. MS. arca3 . MS. in4. MS. .La5. MS. a6. MS. ywnam7. MS. coectiges

An old-irish Treatise De Arreis. 491

30. Arra cetbrachat aidche ar usa 7 bairgin : do denam i 1n-oenlaithe, mad ri ccin m-bais.

31. Is arra bhadna fri dianaithrige .i. coic pater ar tri[h]fkhtib ar trib cetaib do c[h]ctal i sesam, di laim escaide frinem. Ni comracat uilli fri toeba ctir, co n-innithim leir fri Dia7 ni thoet guth in son 7 biait do gabail i cromsesamm 7 dognuis fri talmain 7 do di laim foena la du da taeb. No as e ancorp bis ina rogad ar in 2 talmain (or a beolu 7 in di laimfoena lasin taob. Patraic timairne in 2 figill seo 7 Colum Cille7 Maedoc Ferna 7 Molaca Menn 7 Brenainn macu Altae> 7[fo. 43 b, 2] Colum mac Cri ni th ain 7 Mocholmoc 4 Innsi Cel-va. La Enna i n-Arainn foracbad in 5 senchas [s]eo. Timar-nasat cabri primsuide Erenn grs tria du gach mac betliad ad-cobra neam .i. ua Mianadan 7 Cumin Fota 7 Murdebur 7Mocholmoc mac Cumain a hAraind.

32. Arra bliadna durpenn

49 2 Kuno Meyer.

meam, Domini z est terra, Beatus qui mtellegit, Deus noster re-fugium, Exaudi Deus deprecatiowm, No/me Deo, Exaudi Deusorationem meam cum, Te decet, Domine reiugium, Domineexaudi 2

,Domine probasti *, Eripe me Domine, Domine cla-

mavi, Uoce, Domine exam//. Gloria 7 [h]onor Pfl/ri 7 Filio 7Spiritui Sancto i forciunn cech sailm 7 secht slechtana 7 Deusin adiutorium [fo. 44 a, 1] usgw fo/ina ut 7 vater semeH i se-sam etir gach da salin corroisc a n-arra n-uile.

THE ARREA HERE BELOW NOW.

\_ARREA FOR SAVING A SOUL FROM HELL.]

1. The arreum for saving a sol out of hell, viz. 365 pa-ternosters and 365 gnuflexions and 365 blows with a scourgeon every day to the end of a year, and fasting every monthsaves a sol out of hell. For this arreitm lor redeeming the,sol that deserves torments in the body has been made accor-ding to the number of joints and sinews that are in a man'sbody.

2. Another arreum, viz. the three fifties 5 every day, withtheir conclusion of the Beati 6

,to the end of seven years,

saves a sol out of hell.

3. Another arreum which is no longer 7, viz. a Lauda andthe Beati and a pater noster after each psalm to the end of threeyears.

4. Each of thse arrea saves a sol out of hell, if it can beinterceded for at ail 8 .

1

.

MS. domine2. MS. exauidi3 . MS. probaisti4. MS. semeal5. i. e. the 150 psalms6. i. c. the n8th psalm (Beali immaculati).7. i. e. which is shorter.8. lit, if its enaire (intercession, prayer for the dead) can be sung at ail.

An old-irish Treatise De Arreis. 49$

5

.

Now, every penance, both for severity and length oftime in which one is at it, dpends on the greatness of the sinand on the space of time which one persvres in it, and onthe reason for which it is done, and on the zeal with whichone dparts from it afterwards. For there are certain sins whichdo not deserve any remission of penance, however long thetime that shall be asked for them, unless God Himself shor-tens it through death or a message of sickness ; or the great-ness of the work l which a person lays on himself; such asare parricides and manslaughters and man-stealings, and suchas brigandage and druidism and satirising, and such as adul-tery and lewdness and lying and heresy and transgression oforder 2 . For there are certain sins for which half-penances withhal-arrea atone. There are others which an arreum with onethird of penance atones lor. There are others for which an ar-reum only atones.

6. For thse are the four things which the wise man h as re-counted for which the arrea are made, viz. for a speedy partingfrom the sin after its commission, for fear of increasing thesins, for (fear oi) life being shortened before the end of the pe-nance which the confessor adjudges be attained, for (fear oi)chastising the body of Christ and His blood through the chas-tisement of penance.

7. Now, as there is a diffrence between laybrothers andclerics, between nuns and lavsisters, so there is a diffrencebetween their work and penance. There is also between thearrea which it is right for them to perform.

8. First, the arrea of former lay-brothers and of lay-sisters:sleeping in waters, sleeping on nettles, sleeping on nut-shells,sleeping with a dead body in a grave 3 ; for there is hardly

1

.

s.iethar, hre used, like Lat. opus, of penitential work.2. With this catalogue of sins that can only be atoned for by a life-time

of penance confer the following paragraph from the Canones Hibernenses(Wasserschleben, p. 136) where for the same sins a seven years' penanceon bread and water is deemed sufficient : Haec est poenitentia magi vel vo-tivi mali, si credulus (aithdbergach) vel praedonis (MS. praeconis) velcohabitatoris vel heretici vel adulterii VU anni in pane et aqua.

3 . Cf. De Arreis (Wasserschleben, p. 1.39), c. 3 : arreum anni triduanumcum mortuo sancto in sepulchro sine cibo et potu et sine somno.

Revue Celtique, XV. 33

494 Kuno Meyer.

a laybrother or laysister that has not had a share in man-slaughter 1 . Thse now are the arrea that are right for clericsand nuns, except those of them that hve slain a man, unless(something) be done to increase the reward, viz. they to sleepin cold churches or in secret chambers, performing vigil andpraying without ceasing, viz. without sitting, without lying,without sleeping 2 , as though they were at the mouth of hell,save that a little weariness may take place in a sitting postureonly between two prayers.

[the arrea for fasting.]

9. Thse now are the arrea which the holy man judges(an quivalent) for black fasting) after a great crime, viz.one hundred blows with a scourge, or the three fifties withtheir hymns and with their canticles.

10. Another arreum, viz. one hundred paternosters incross-vigil and Deus in adiutorium usque festina (ps. 69,1) three times at the end of every pater noster, andgnuflexion at every Deus , and meditating intently onGod. It is an arreum for a black fast of three days4 to any onewho does this three times.

11. An arreum for fasting for any one that can read : thethree fifties with their canticles while standing up, and cele-brating every canonical hour, and twelve gnuflexions and thearms stretched out towards God at the hours of the day, withearnest thought towards heaven 5

.

1. Cf. Poenitentiale Vinniani (Wasserschleben, p. 1 16), 35 : De laicissi quis ex malis actibus suis conversus fuerit ad Dominum et omne malumantea egerit, i. e. fornicando et sanguinem effundendo, etc.

2 . An legendum : cen suide, cen lige, cm chotlud ?3 . dub-throscud, now trosgadh dubh, a fast during which no whitemeats

(banbiad), such as milk, cheese, eggs, etc. are taken.4. tredan, now trosgadh treidhin, from Lat. tridiuuumi, a fast of three

days, during which only one collation is taken ; still practised privately bymany people.

5

.

This arreum is identical with one printed in Wasserschleben's Buss-or-dnungen, p. 139: De Arreis, C. 2: Arreum triduani, nox et dies in stationesine somno nisi parvum vel } .L. psalmi cum canticis et cum missa horarumXII et XII flectiones in unaquaque hora et manus supinatae ad orationem.

An old-ish Treatise De Arreis. 495

12. An arreum for a black fast on account of a great crimefor any one who does not read, viz. 300 gnuflexions and 300honest blows with a scourge ; crossvigil at the end of everyhundred until the arms are tircd; Of God I beseech an end,may mercy corne to me , I believe the Trinity , this iswhat he shall sing without ceasing until the arreum shall hvecorne to an end, and strike his breast frequently at it withearnest repentance to God. It is an arreum for a three days'fast for him to do this three times.

13. An arreum for fasting on account of small commonsins, viz. Allluia, Allluia, in manus usque veritatis ,a paternoster to the end. Let this be sung thirty times in cross-vigil, and thirty gnuflexions and thirty blows with a scourgeafter it.

[arrea for seven years of hard penance 1.]

14. An arreum of pure prayers for seven years of hard pe-nance to save a sol from the tortures of hell, viz. one hun-dred offerings, hundred and fifty psalms, one hundred Beati,one hundred gnuflexions at every batitude, one hundredpaternosters, one hundred soul-hymns.

1 5

.

Another arreum : a year of three days' black fasts wi-thout drink, without food, without sleep. A night in water,a night on nettles without a garment, another on nutshells.

16. Another arreum : twelve three days' fasts one after ano-ther. A meal to satiety between every two fasts.

17. Another arreum: to sing two Beati in crossvigil wi-thout lowering of arms (while) at it.

18. Again, another arreum: Miserere mei Deus to besung forty times in cross-vigil or while standing up, and apaternoster with every psalm, and Deus in adiutorium usque festina three times at the end of eacli psalm.

19. Another arreum : seven months in a prison on water and

1.

In the Canones Hibernenses (Wasserschleben, p. 196) seven years onbread and water is the penance for homicide, sorcery and devilish practices,robbery, cohabitation, heresy, or adultery.

496 Kuno Meyer.

bread from none to none upon the soil or floor, with ferventprayer, with clbration of every hour with constant dter-mination.

[AN ARREUM FOR THE PSALMS.]

20. This is an arreum for the 150 psalms, viz. a paternostertwelve times and Deus in adiutorium usque festina after every paternoster. A paternoster fifteen times and Deusin adiutorium usque in finem after every paternoster atonesfor every sin, with earnest repentance from the heart.

[arreum triduani.]

21. An arreum for a three days' fast for any one that doesnot read, viz. a day with a night without sleeping, withoutsitting down, except when he lets himself down for gnu-flexion. OfGod I beseech an end , may mercy corne to me, I believethe Trinity , this he sliall sing without ceasing. Apaternoster and a credo twelve times in crossvigil, and threegnuflexions with either, and Deus in adiutorium usque festina three times with every prayer is an arreum for athree days' fast. Thirty three days' fasts in this manner are anarreum for a year of penance for a cleric, ut Gregorius con-stituit.

22. An arreum for impositions of scourging, viz. 700 ho-nest blows seven times.

23. Another arreum of gnuflexions, viz. 200 honest gnu-flexions with bending of the body without ngligence.

24. Another arreum : to be standing without a staff, with-out rest, until the three fifties with the canticles hve beensung.

25. Another arreum of crossvigil until fifty psalms hvebeen sung, or the Beati four times, and the arms must nottouch the sides until the singing is finished, though there benothing else to support thee by r .

1. The construelion of the Irish hre is obscure to me, but the sens

must be as I hve translated.

An old-irish Treatise De Arreis. 497

[arrea hebdomadis, etc.]

26. An arreum for a week of hard penance on water andbread, viz. seven Beati in honest crossvigil and a credoand paternoster and Hymnum dicat with every batitude.

27. Again, an arreum for a week for any one that has notread, viz. 700 honest gnuflexions, and seven honest blows,and crossvigil at the end of every hundred until the arms aretired.

28. An arreum for a fortnight, to do this twice.29. An arreum for twenty nights, to do this three times.30. An arreum for forty nights on water and bread, to do

it in one day, if at the need of death.

[arrea anni.]

31. This is an arreum for a year for sudden repentance, viz.to sing 365 paters while standing up, the arms unwearied to-wards heaven. The elbows must not touch the sides at ail,with intent mditation on God, and let not voice enter thespeech, and to sing a Beati in a stooping posture, thy facetowards the earth and thy arms stretched out by thy sides.Or, it is the body that is stretched out on the earth on its

. and the arms stretched out by the side. It is Patrick whoordains this vigil, and Colum Cille and Maedc of Ferns andMolaca Menn and Brenainn, the great-grandson of Alta 1 , andColum son ofCrimthan and Mocholmc of Inisceltra.With Enda in Aran this law was left. Four chief sages of

Ireland ordained its practice to every son of life who desiresHeaven, viz. Ua Mianadan and Cummin Fota and Murdeburand Mocholmc mac Cumain from Aran.

32. An arreum for a year of hard penance, which Ciaranmac int sir adjudged to Oennu macu Laigse grandson ofComsola grandson of Dibrech : to be three davs and threenights at it in a dark house or in some other place where

1. Cf. Brendenus mocu Alti, Reeves Adamnan, I, 26.

498 Kuno Meyer.

no hindrance cornes. And there must be no collation of athree days' fast save three sips of water every day. This, how-ever, is the arreum, viz. to sing 150 psalms every day whilestanding up without a stafF, and gnuflexion at the end ofevery psalm, and a Beati after every fifty, gnuflexion be-tween every two chapters (?) and Hymnum dicat afterevery Beati in crossvigil, and he must not let himself downinto a lying posture... 1 but in a sitting posture, and cl-bration of every hour besides... 2 and intent mditation ofthe passion of Christ with contrition of heart and earnest re-pentance to God with remembrance of the sins, every one ofthem that he remembers.

[ARREUM QUINQUAGINTA DIERUM.]

33. An arreum for fifty nights of hard penance to be donein one day, which Colum Cille and Mobi Clarenech adjudgedby the counsel of the archangel Michael, viz. Dominus reg-navit (?ps. 96 01*98), Exaudi Domine iustitiam meam (ps. 16),Domini est terra (ps. 23), Beatus qui intellegit (ps. 40),Deus noster refugium (ps. 45), Exaudi Deus deprecationem(ps. 60), Nonne Deo (ps. 61), Exaudi Deus orationem meamcum (ps. 63), Te decet (ps. 64), Domine refugium (ps. 89),Domine exaudi (ps. 101), Domine probasti (ps. 138), Eripeme Domine (ps. 139), Domine clamavi (ps. 140), Voce(ps. 141), Domine exaudi (ps. 142). Gloria et honor Patriet Filio et Spiritui Sancto at the end of every psalm, and se-ven gnuflexions, and Deus in adiutorium usque festina three times, and a paternoster once while standing up betweenevery two psalms until the whole arreum shall hve ended.

Kuno Meyer.

1

.

Hre commahi is obscure to me.2. isond ?

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