Improving*the* healthof*pregnant womenand* · Background* 3 Ntcheu •...

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Improving the health of pregnant women and children in Ntcheu District, Malawi Mikey Rosato, Ros Davies 1 Nynke Van den Broek, Luigi D’Aquino, Thidar Pyone, Sarah BarZeev, Joe Onwude, Helen Owolabi, Florence Mgawadere Arsenia Banda, Wandie Kayira, Mackson Mtambo, Violet Mateta, Ann Phoya

Transcript of Improving*the* healthof*pregnant womenand* · Background* 3 Ntcheu •...

Page 1: Improving*the* healthof*pregnant womenand* · Background* 3 Ntcheu • NMR=33!per!1000!live!births!(2010)! • U5MR=125!per!1000!live!births!(2010)! • MMR(Malawi)!=510!per!100,000!(2013)!

Improving  the  health  of  pregnant  women  and  children  in  Ntcheu  District,  Malawi  

 

Mikey  Rosato,  Ros  Davies  

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Nynke  Van  den  Broek,  Luigi  D’Aquino,    Thidar  Pyone,  Sarah  Bar-­‐Zeev,  Joe  Onwude,  

Helen  Owolabi,  Florence  Mgawadere    

 

Arsenia  Banda,  Wandie  Kayira,  Mackson  Mtambo,  Violet  Mateta,    

Ann  Phoya  

 

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Background  

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Projects  2010-­‐2015  •  WCF  in  partnership  with  the  Malawi  Ministry  of  Health  and  Ntcheu  District  Hospital  –  Perinatal  Care  Project  (PCP)  

•  Improve  maternal,  newborn  and  child  health  and  reduce  mortality  in  Ntcheu  •  2005-­‐2010:  Big  LoYery  Fund,  UCL  Ins[tute  for  Global  Health  and  other  UK  Trusts  (86  villages)  

•  2010-­‐2015:  Comic  Relief  (4  TAs  –  144  villages)  

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Background  

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Ntcheu  •  NMR  =  33  per  1000  live  births  (2010)  •  U5MR  =  125  per  1000  live  births  (2010)  •  MMR  (Malawi)  =  510  per  100,000  (2013)  •  Coverage  of  MCH  interven[ons  inline  or  above  na[onal  averages  (2010)  

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Approach  

Demand  side  •  PLA  groups  •  OrientaOon  and  support  of  chiefs  •  Community  sensi[sa[on  •  Sensi[sa[on  of  male  involvement  •  Community  maternal  and  neonatal  

death  reviews  •  Training  and  deployment  of  

community  growth-­‐monitoring  volunteers  

•  Training  and  deployment  of  ‘secret  mothers’  

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Supply  side  •  Maternal  and  neonatal  mortality  

surveillance  system  •  Training  and  mentorship  of  

health  workers  including  HSAs  and  midwives  

•  Provision  of  medical  equipment  •  Support  for  outreach  ANC  clinics  

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EvaluaOon  methods  

•  Evalua[on  of  ac[vi[es  04/2010  –  12/2014  •  Baseline  (PCP),  Midline  (PCP)  and  Endline  (LSTM)  

•  Household  surveys  –  400  women  with  children  <24  months.    Two  stage  random  selec[on  (village  >  household).  

•  Health  facility  assessment  –  All  14  health  facili[es.  •  Endline  (LSTM)  

•  Focus  group  discussions  –  10  groups  with  113  female  and  male  par[cipants.    Snowball  sampling.  

•  Key  informant  interviews  –  12  respondents  from  NGOs,  health  workers,  District  Health  Management  team,  Tradi[onal  Authori[es,  Village  Headmen,  PCP  and  Comic  Relief.  Snowball  sampling.  

•  Secondary  sources  –  Project  reports  and  monitoring  data.    Health  Management  Informa[on  System  data.  

 

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Results  –  MNCH  home-­‐care  pracOces  

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Indicator   Baseline   Achievement  (2014)  

Average  annual  rate  of  change  

Percentage  of  mothers  exclusively  breasheeding  their  children  for  6  months  aier  birth  

67%  (2013)   76%   Project  =  +4.5%  Malawi  =  0%  

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Results  –  MNCH  care-­‐seeking  pracOces  

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Indicator   Baseline   Achievement  (2014)  

Average  annual  rate  of  change  

Percentage  of  women  aYending  (4+  ANC  visits)   42%  (2010)   42%   Project  =  0%  

Malawi  =  0%  

Percentage  of  pregnant  women  aYending  ANC  in  the  1st  trimester       9%  (2013)   19%   NA  

Skilled  Birth  AYendance     51%  (2010)   93%   Project  =  +11%  Malawi  =  +4%  

Percentage  of  newborns  receiving  PNC  within  7  days  of  delivery       49%  (2010)   93%   NA  

Percentage  of  children  U-­‐1  receiving  completed  course  of  vaccina[ons       67%  (2013)   89%   Project  =  +11%  

Malawi  =  -­‐2%  

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“The  project  has  made  the  women  aware  of  what  to  do.  They  are  able  to  know  when  to  start  antenatal  care,  they  know  the  importance  of  delivering  at  a  health  facility  and  they  also  know  that  when  a  baby  is  born  they  need  to  receive  immuniza=ons…..because  they  were  going  in  the  villages  to  teach  them  on  health  issues  (Nurse  Midwife  Technician,  Nsiyaludzu  Health  Centre)    

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 “Another  issue  about  growth  monitoring  and  under  five  clinics.  We  tried  on  our  own  to  take  the  responsibility  to  mould  bricks  and  we  built  a  clinic  aBer  hearing  the  importance  of  doing  that.  This  =me  around  we  operate  our  under  five  services  in  our  own  clinic”  (TradiOonal  Authority)    

 

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Results  –  Male  involvement  in  MNCH  

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Indicator   Baseline   Achievement  (2014)  

Percentage  of  communi[es  indica[ng  that  men  of  reproduc[ve  age  express  posi[ve  antudes  and  behaviour  towards  MNCH      

30%  (2013)   100%  

Percentage  of  ANC  visits  aYended  by  the  pregnant  women's  partners         35%  (2013)       42%  

Percentage  of  u5  growth  monitoring  events  aYended  by  fathers       7%  (2013)   82%  

Percentage  of  mothers  escorted  to  PNC  by  their  partners       21%  (2013)   21%  

Percentage  of  mothers  accessing  FP  with  their  partners         44%  (2010)   20%  

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 “When  a  child  is  sick  while  you  are  pregnant,  the  husband  now  takes  the  child  to  the  hospital  and  gets  help  while  you  are  at  home  relaxing.  So  that  is  how  the  men  help  us  now  that  Perinatal  Care  Project  (PCP)  is  here.  Before  PCP  when  you  tell  them  to  take  the  child  to  the  hospital  they  would  slap  you  and  tell  you  to  take  the  child  to  the  hospital  yourself.  So  you  would  be  heavy  with  pregnancy  and  carry  another  child  on  your  back,  but  right  now  we  have  seen  changes  in  men  from  their  involvement  in  the  groups  and  hearing  other  men  saying  they  are  helping  their  wives  too.”  (FGD  4)    

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Results  –  MNCH  service  quality  

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Indicator   Baseline   Achievement  (2014)  

Percentage  of  mothers  breasheeding  their  newborns,  born  at  facili[es,  immediately  aier  birth  (within  60  minutes  of  birth)     93%  (2010)   89%  

Percentage  of  newborns,  born  at  health  facili[es,  wrapped  immediately  aier  birth     98%  (2013)   96%  

Percentage  of  newborns,  born  at  health  facili[es,  receiving  KMC  if  indicated       2%  (2013)   47%  

Percentage  of  sick  children  referred  to  health  facili[es  by  HSAs   9%  (2012)   9%  

Percentage  of  PPH  cases  in  health  facili[es  managed  according  to  MoH  protocols       94%  (2013)   88%  

Percentage  of  women  delivering  at  a  health  facility  who  report  sa[sfac[on  with  the  services  received       54%  (2010)   71%  

Percentage  of  midwives  with  good  knowledge  of  clinical  care     81%  (2010)   60%  

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Summary  

•  Improvements  in  MNCH  care  and  care-­‐seeking  prac[ces  

•  Improvements  in  male  involvement  in  MNCH,  although  not  in  FP  and  PNC  

•  Project  ac[vi[es,  par[cularly  PLA  group  ac[vi[es,  may  have  contributed  to  progress  

•  Study  design  does  not  allow  for  isola[on  of  incremental  impact  of  project  ac[vi[es  

•  Lack  of  progress  in  MNCH  service  quality  •  Due  to  external  factors  such  as  a  lack  of  sufficient  

personnel,  lack  of  equipment  and  resources,  staff  turnover,  and  irregular  suppor[ve  supervision.    

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Conclusion  

•  Addi[on  to  the  PLA  group  evidence  base?  •  Improvements  in  home  care  prac[ces  •  Improvements  in  care-­‐seeking  prac[ces  

•  Reminder  of  the  need  for  an  interven[on  package  •  Demand  (PLA  groups  +)  •  Supply  

•  Enhancing  quality  of  MNCH  care  at  facility  level  requires  further  aYen[on  •  Staffing  –  total  numbers,  turnover,  knowledge  and  skills  •  Resources,  supplies  and  equipment  •  Formal  feedback  mechanisms  to  evaluate  pa[ent  

sa[sfac[on  •  Advocacy  for  policy  strengthening  and  resource  alloca[on  

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