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Mjurdj~h bh Emhjfm@mi`bdx N`in`~hrdx~ 1///

A‚JUA@I HO @C^JPXH @X BHNXR BX ] íih UJHEAH

A‚Jua`i o‚hur |`u uhxahihor ~êuh~sê `x} `~`nhu/ Ja uh ~ê|`ob ~`|jbhihor ho @c~jpxh/ Bhu ahrr~hu`~`nhu r~`sh~uhor ah bêuh~r ì bdu bh em`ih`x} ujaadoo`oru ahu hi|j~hu bh Km`o`! bx I`aj! hre‣

\`~rdxr jau cdor edoo`ïr~h ehrrh ~hajkjdo |`~ a` e~ê`rjdo b‚êedahu ed~`ojpxhu/ Bhu |d|xa`rjdou horjí~hu`eeh|rhor ahu houhjkohihoru bx Ihuu`kh~ bh BJHX/

Px`r~h ujíeahu |axu r`~b! ahu `aid~`sjbhu-'* |êoír~hor ho @c~jpxh! |~çem`or a‚Jua`i b`ou a` |`j} hr a`edoed~bh/

-'* Edoc~í~jh bh idjohu kxh~~jh~u b‚d~jkjoh nh~ní~h pxj ~êko` ux~ ah I`km~hn hr a‚@ob`adxujh bh 0<30 ì002;/

EMHJFM @MI@B!

Cjau bh IDXM@II@B!Cjau b‚M@NJN@AA@M! o`ïr ho a‚`o 0>;> bh A‚Mêkj~h-'* -0=85*! b`ou xo |hrjr sjaa`kh bx Uêoêk`a cdobê|`~ udo K~`ob)\í~h 7 IN@EFH N@DA/

Ja bhsjhob~` a‚xo bhu |axu |~hurjkjhx} cjau bh a` ediixo`xrê ixuxai`oh/

-'* Mêkj~h 7 í~h bh a‚Jua`i pxj ediihoeh ho 3>> bh a‚í~h em~êrjhooh! b`rh ì a`pxhaah IDXM@II@B -\UA* |`~r bh a` Ihepxh |dx~ ~hgdjob~h Iêbjoh/

AH UH^SJRHX^ BX\^D\MHRH

Uhu edi|`r~jdrhu a‚`||haahor `ccherxhxuhihor EMHJFM @MI@BDX N@IN@

@||ha`or ahu mdiihu ì uh rdx~oh~ sh~u BJHX! |~çem`or a` odo sjdahoeh! a` pxçrh bx u`sdj~ xrjah! ahr~`s`ja! ah edx~`kh |`ejcjpxh! a` bêrh~ijo`rjdo hr a` cdj ho BJHX/ Ja bêea`~`jr 7

. Gh oh e~`jou pxh BJHX ! gh |d~rh ihu hu|dj~u ho BJHX ! ~jho oh ih uxccjr uj eh o‚hur a` ~hajkjdo hr a`uejhoeh/ . 

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@SHE AH ^DJ BGDADCC

Edopxju |`~ uhu r`ahoru b‚êbxe`rhx~ hr u` |~dnjrê! ah ~dj bx Bgdadcc! @ANDX^Z OBJ@ZH a‚josjrh ì|~hob~h ahu `~ihu edor~h ahu edadoju`rhx~u/

. Gh oh uxju |`u shox ux~ rh~~h |dx~ sh~uh~ ah u`ok bh ihu uhina`nahu/ Gh uxju ah uh~sjrhx~ bx 

\~d|mírh! ah sjsjcje`rhx~ bh udo houhjkohihor hr ah ajnê~`rhx~ bhu mdiihu/

G‚h}rj~|h~`j a` m`joh bhu eŕx~u hr g‚`cc~`oemj~`j ido |hx|ah bhu em`ïohu bh a‚huea`s`kh! bhu rhor`rjdoubh u`r`o hr bhu cxrjajrêu bh eh n`u idobh/

Em`pxh mdiih uh~` ah c~í~h bh a‚`xr~h hr ah exarh oh uh~` ~hobx px‚ì BJHX / . 

@jouj |`~ ah EMHJFM @MI@BDX N@IN@

AH \^JOEH HR AHU R^DJU\@ZU@OU

Xo gdx~! ah |~joeh U`in` A`dnê C`aa sjhor dcc~j~ xo emhs`a bh ~`eh `x EMHJFM/

Odo adjo bh aì! r~dju |`zu`ou dnuh~shor a` ueíoh/

Ah EMHJFM u‚`s`oeh sh~u hx} hr ahx~ bdooh ah emhs`a e`~ ja `s`jr edi|~ju pxh ah |~joeh ahx~ bhs`jr bha‚`~khor/

Urx|êc`jr U`in` A`dnê edi|~hob `ad~u a` |~dbjkjhxuh jorxjrjdo bx EMHJFM! |~hxsh j~~êcxr`nah bh u`u`jorhrê hr bh udo `rr`emhihor ì a` gxurjeh/

A@R)BJD^ B@IHA BXF@ZD^

Ah bhk~ê bh u`jorhrê bh Emhjfm êr`jr bhshox rha pxh bhu cdxahu horjí~hu `eedx~`jhor sh~u axj! |dx~ 

~hemh~emh~ edouhjau! `jbh dx kxê~judo/

Ehx} pxj uh uxeeêb`jhor `xrdx~ bh axj 7 sdz`khx~u! houhjko`oru! jocj~ihu êr`jhor `uux~êu bh udo`ccherjdo hr bh udo rdr`a bêsdxhihor/

Ah Mê~du bx Uêoêk`a! A@R)BJD^! ah bh~ojh~ ~dj bx E`zd~ uh edocj` mxinahihor `x Emhjfm hr ~hëxuhu |~jí~hu pxhapxhu rhi|u `s`or bh idx~j~ udxu ahu n`aahu bh a‚`~iêh edadoj`ah! ad~u bh a` n`r`jaah bhBêfmhaê! ho Derdn~h 0==3/

BX I@JR^HB+HEDAH

K~`ob |êb`kdkxh! ja bhsjhor ah |axu k~`ob houhjko`or bh u` edor~êh ja uh edou`e~h ì ehrrh rîemh gxupx‚ì a‚`o 05<< bh a‚mêkj~h -0==>* `ooêh bh a` id~r bh udo |í~h/

@X BJ^HERHX^U\J^JRXHA

Ho a‚`o 05<0 bh a‚mêkj~h -0==5* ja ~ê|dob ì a‚`||ha bh BJHX hr cdobh ah Idx~jbjuih/

. G‚`j ~hëx bh ido Uhjkohx~ a‚d~b~h bh ihoh~ ahu mdiihu sh~u BJHX ! ah r~íu m`xr/ Ehx} pxj shxahor  |~hob~h ehrrh sdjh o‚dor px‚ì ih uxjs~h/ Px`or `x} `xr~hu pxj oh bêuj~hor pxh a‚jour~xerjdo! ah |`zubju|duh b‚`uuhw bh ahrr~êu/ @aahw `x|~íu bh ehx} pxj sdxu sdxahw . 

EMHJFM @MI@BDX N@IN@ pxjrrh In`efê F`zd~ /

@|~íu xo n~hc uêgdx~ ì In`efê N`da! ja |`~r cdobh~ B`~dx U`a`i hr Rdxn`/

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B@^DX U@A@I A@ EJRH BH A@ \@J]

EMHJFM @MI@BDX N@IN@! ah |í~h bh a` odo sjdahoeh! cdobh a` ejrê bh a` |`j} |dx~ houhjkoh~ ahed~`o hr `||ajpxh~ a` r~`bjrjdo bx \~d|mírh -\UA* ! adjo bhu `rr`pxhu hr bhu e~jrjpxhu bhu mdiihu/

I`ju ahu emhcu ade`x} jopxjhru bh u` ~ê|xr`rjdo k~`objuu`orh! ah bêodoeh `x |dxsdj~ edadoj`a ! pxj

ediihoeh ì ah c`j~h ux~shjaah~/

A` cdob`rjdo bh Rdxn` .Rdxn` rh}êh. dx.Rdxn` A` Chajejrê.

@|~íu B`~dx U`a`i! ì a` cjo bh a‚`o 05<8 bh a‚Mêkj~h hr `x bênxr bh a‚`o 05<3 -0===*! ja cdobh a` ejrêbh uhu ~çshu 7 RDXN@/

Ja êe~jr 7 . e‚hur xoh ejrê h}eaxujshihor nîrjh |dx~ `bd~h~ BJHX ! ~hu|herh~ ah |`erh pxh ahu mdiihu dor ujkoê `she BJHX ! ihoh~ ux~ rh~~h xoh sjh u`joh b`ou ah ~hu|her bx ed~`o hr bh a` r~`bjrjdo bhIDXM@II@B -\UA * ah |axu jaaxur~h bhu hosdzêu b‚  @AA@M / . 

RDXN@ uh~` ah k~`ob rhi|ah b‚@AA@M b`ou ehrrh |`~rjh bx idobh

. Ido BJHX ! h}`xeh ido sŕx} hr c`jr pxh udj~ |`~`emhsêh ido hor~h|~juh ì RDXN@ dú |dx~ rhkad~jcjh~ r` bhihx~h bdjr çr~h êbjcjêh/ . 

RDXN@ O+HUR PX+XO \DJOR BHBH\@^R

@x idju bh ~`i`b`o bh a‚`o 050> bh a‚Mêkj~h -0=:2* b`ou a` idupxêh bh RDXN@ jodobê a` axijí~h!ah EMHJFM @MI@BDX N@IN@ ~hëdjr a‚`||`~jrjdo hr a` |`~dah bx Uhjkohx~ bhu ihuu`kh~u 7IDXM@II@B -\UA*/

E‚hur `ad~u px‚ja ujkoh ah |`erh b‚`aaêkh`oeh pxj ajh~` rdxrh u` sjh ì a` FMJBI@! e‚hur ì bj~h `x uh~sjehbh BJHX hr bh udo \~d|mírh/

Udo hor~hrjho `she ah ueh`x bhu \~d|mírhu! IDXM@II@B -\UA* i`~pxh xo rdx~o`or bêejujc b`oua‚mjurdj~h bh a‚jua`i/

Ah EMHJFM |~hob a‚hok`khihor bh ux||d~rh~ ahu ê|~hxshu bh a‚mdiih |`~c`jr -a‚mdiih idbíah~h|~êuhor`or bh BJHX ux~ rh~~h*/

Ja pxjrrh RDXN@ |dx~ ~hgdjob~h In`efê `x BGDADCC b`ou ah od~b bx Uêoêk`a hr |dx~uxjr `jouj ahemhijo bh u` ijuujdo u`e~êh/

\@^ BJHX E‚HUR @ BJH[@A PXH GH IH UXJU UH\@^HBHU HOS@MJUUHX^U

. \@^ BJHX E‚HUR BJH[@A PXH GH IH UXJU UH\@^H BHU HOS@MJUUHX^U . 

A‚mdiih bh BJHX bhs`jr edorjoxh~ u` ijuujdo/ @x bênxr bx idju b‚@dör 0=:8 xoh |axjh bhihoudokhu hr bh bjcc`i`rjdou cxr bêsh~uêh ux~ ah Emhjfm! `eexuê b‚çr~h xo `injrjhx} hr xo uhihx~ bh r~dxnahu/

U` sdjh -ah Idx~jbjuih * cxr r~`jrê b‚mê~êujh! bh s`k`ndob`khu jua`ijpxhu hr rdxu ahu px`ajcje`rjcuuxueh|rjnahu bh udxahsh~ uhu edi|`r~jdrhu |hx jocd~iêu! edor~h ehaxj pxh BJHX hr udo \~d|mírh`s`jhor joshurj bh a` ijuujdo bh ~êbhi|rhx~ hr bh u`xshx~/

Ahu udab`ru hosdzêu edor~h ah Emhjfm oh |x~hor a‚`~~çrh~! e`~ a` |~drherjdo bh BJHX êr`jr ux~ axj/ Ja~hgdjkojr `ad~u bh axj)içih U`jor)Adxju dú ja cxr hi|~judooê/

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AH AJDO BHSJHOR BDEJAH

@ |`~rj~ bx 0< @dör 0=:8 ah Emhjfm cxr a‚dnghr bh |axujhx~u ê|~hxshu |`~ij ahupxhaahu! ehaah bx ajdo

`cc`iê bx g`~bjo wddadkjpxh bh Ud~/

. Eh gdx~! ja cxr hoch~iê `she xo ajdo pxj uh idor~` `xuuj bdejah px‚xo idxrdo/ . 

Ah Emhjfm |`jujnah hr u`kh! bêea`~`jr rdxgdx~u 7 . G`i`ju gh oh |d~rh~`j |~êgxbjeh ì pxj pxh eh udjr/ . 

A@BH\D^R@RJDO

@ U`jor)Adxju bx UHOHK@A ! ah <8 Uh|rhin~h 0=:8! ah Emhjfm hur r~`bxjr bhs`or ah edouhja |~jsê/A‚`bijojur~`rjdo edadoj`ah bêejbh bh ah bê|d~rh~ `x K@NDO/

Ho `rrhob`or udo bê|`~r |dx~ a‚h}ja! ah Emhjfm hur hosdzê ì B`f`~ dú ja uxnj~` bh odxshaahu ê|~hxshu/

Eh içih edouhja bh U`jor)Adxju h}|êbj` |axu r`~b a‚@AI@IZ U@ID^Z RDX^H -'* ì Objdaê! ïah|h~bxh b`ou ahu iê`ob~hu bx cahxsh Dkdxê `x K`ndo dú ja uxeedin` `x} i`a`bjhu hobêijpxhu/

-'* ^dj bh [`uudxadx ! hi|j~h ade`a bh Kxjoêh/AH IJ^@EAH BHE@EMDR

Hoch~iê b`ou xo e`emdr! ah Emhjfm ~êejrh ahu udx~`rhu bh a` s`emh hr bh a` c`ijaah b‚ji~`oh -'*

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Ah |í~h bhu mjurd~jhou hr |dírhu idx~jbhu Uh~jkoh Idxuu` F` odxu ~`edorh 7

. Eh gdx~! ah Emhjfm hx xoh sjujdo bh u` ií~h Udfmo` Bj`~~` pxj a‚h}md~r` ì edorjoxh~ ì uh~sj~ BJHXhr udo \~d|mírh/ Xoh oxjr bh shob~hbj! uhu hoohiju a‚hoch~ií~hor b`ou xoh ehaaxah dnuex~h dúêr`jhor |a`orêu bhu |djko`~bu hr bhu |djorhu/ .

Hosdzê |`~ udo Uhjkohx~ ! a‚@okh K`n~jha |~drêkh` Emhjfm @mi`bdx N`in` pxj oh cxr |`u nahuuê/

-'* Em`|jr~h> hr 5 bx Ed~`o

AH R@X^H@XCX^JHX]

Ja cxr edobxjr b`ou xoh ~xhaah dú xo r`x~h`x b~huuê ì rxh~ cxr a`oeê edor~h axj/ @ u` |~hijí~h em`~kh! jardin` ~`jbh! id~r bhs`or ah Emhjfm k~îeh ì a‚`uujur`oeh bh a‚@okh K`n~jha/

JA PXJRRH U@ \@R^JH \DX^ AHADJO

Ah >< Uh|rhin~h 0=:8! ah Emhjfm hur h}jaê `x K`ndo/

Hedxrdou ah uh~sjrhx~ bx \~d|mírh odxu ~`edorh~ udo |ê~j|ah 7

. @ B`f`~ ! gh ih uxju rdx~oê sh~u a‚êax ho adx`or |`~eh px‚ja ih |~drêkhîr bhu hoohiju hr bhuê|~hxshu/ . 

. @ a` sxh bh Edo`f~z -'*! g‚`j sx xoh |x~h dcc~`obh ì a‚êax pxj ` hcc`eê u`ou |hjoh a‚jobxur~jh/ . 

. @x B`mdihz -''* BJHX i‚` |~êuh~sê bx i`a bh ihu hoohiju ./

-' * Edo`f~z e`|jr`a bh a` Kxjoêh

-''* @erxha Nhojo

A@ \^JH^H UX^A‚DEH@O

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@ nd~b bx o`sj~h! `x idihor bh c`j~h uhu `naxrjdou |dx~ a` |~jí~h bh ijbj -Wxm~*! xoh b`ih uh|~êuhorh bhs`or axj `she a` ch~ih jorhorjdo bh a+ho hi|çemh~/

E+hur `ad~u px+jorh~sjo~hor ahu `okhu/ Jau |d~rí~hor ah EMHJFM ì a` ux~c`eh bh a+h`x dú ja cjr! b`ou a` |`j}hr a` r~`opxjajrê u` |~jí~h/

AH . PXRN . -\DAH* BH A@U@JORHRH

@|~íu B@F@^! ah Emhjfm r~`sh~u` rdxrh a` eòrh Dxhur b‚@c~jpxh |dx~ bên`~pxh~ ì Ajn~hsjaah-'* ho~hob`or k~îeh ì udo Uhjkohx~ hr ì udo I`ïr~h Idxm`ii`b -\UA*

. Rhu njhoc`jru i‚dor êrê `eed~bê ì Ajn~hsjaah eh pxj i‚` mjuuê `x)bhuuxu bh rdxu ahu u`joru ./

-' * E`|jr`ah bx K`ndo cdobêh ho 0=2:

A‚H\^HXSH BXCHX

@x Edokd! ah Emhjfm edooxr rdxu ahu bjccjexarêu/ Ja cxr ghrê b`ou ah chx |`~ bhu ih~eho`j~hu sdxa`orc`j~h ahx~ |~d|~h adj! i`ju ahu ca`iihu ê|`~koí~hor ah uh~sjrhx~ bx \~d|mírh/

. Eh gdx~ ja cxr |~êej|jrê b`ou xo chx |`~ uhu hoohiju horh~~ê ì a‚ji`kh bx \~d|mírh @n~`m`i! ah |í~hbx idodrêäuih -'*/ . 

OJ A@ M@JOH OJ AHU CA@IIHU OH \HXSHOR HRHJOB^H AHU HAXU BH BJHX

-'* Exarh bx BJHX xojpxh

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D! DEH@O BH I@ZDIN@! RHIDJKOH‣

Ad~upx‚ja uh r~dxs` uhxa hor~h a` cd~çr sjh~kh hr a‚deê`o bh I`zdin`! ah Emhjfm cd~rjcj`jr |`~ ahuê|~hxshu u‚`b~huu` ì a‚deê`o ì uhu rh~ihu 7

. D! deê`o bh I`zdin` rêidjkoh ì i` c`shx~ pxh gh uxju a‚huea`sh bh ehaxj pxj |`~bdooh ahu

|êemêu hr pxh gh bhihx~h ah uh~sjrhx~ bh a‚êax/ .

. Rêidjkoh ho i` c`shx~ pxh idj! ho r`or px‚`ij jorjih bh ehaxj pxj edinah b‚mdoohx~u uhu `iju! gh~hghrrh rdxrh cd~ih b‚`uudej`rjdo -Umj~f* ì BJHX hr o‚`bd~h pxh axj uhxa .

. Rêidjkoh pxh gh uxju a‚`ij bh ehaxj pxj hur bjkoh b‚çr~h |~ju |dx~ idbíah! a‚`ij bh BJHX/ .

. Ux~ axj ahu nêoêbjerjdou bh ehaxj pxj! |`~ edoujbê~`rjdo |dx~ Idxm`ii`b i‚` |~êuh~sê bha‚ji|durx~h/ .

E‚hur `ad~u px‚do a‚hiiho` ux~ a‚ïah bh [j~h [j~h ho edi|`kojh bh U`in` A`dnh Obj`zh! xo`oejho emhc ade`a êk`ahihor bê|d~rê/

[J^H [J^H A@ ^DEMHIZURH^JHXUH

Do ahu ghr` ux~ a‚ïah bh [J^H [J^H dú m`njr`jr xo idour~h hcc~`z`or/ U@IN@ r~hina`jr bh |hx~! r`objupxh ah EMHJFM êr`jr `xuuj |`jujnah hr ~`zdoo`or pxh a` axoh/

Ah EMHJFM cjr bhx} . ~`f`u . -'* |dx~ bhi`obh~ a‚`k~êihor bh BJHX/ E‚hur `jouj pxh! cd~r bh u` cdj! jarh~~`uu` ah idour~h/

\xju ! ah EMHJFM bhi`ob` ì U@IN@ bh ch~ih~ ahu zhx} |dx~ px‚ja oh sdjr |`u ah ij~`eah pxj `aa`jru‚`eedi|aj~! e`~ eha` `x~`jr bê|`uuê udo horhobhihor/ Udxrhoxu |`~ a` cdj bjsjoh pxj ahu hi|d~r`b`ou ahu `j~u! jau uh ~hr~dxsí~hor ux~ a` rh~~h ch~ih/

E‚hur `ad~u uhxahihor pxh ah EMHJFM |h~ijr ì U@IN@ b‚dxs~j~ ahu zhx}/

. Ahu ij~`eahu udor `x bhuuxu bhu ux|h~urjrjdou/ . 

-'* ~`f`u . 7 |~jí~hu/

A+@^IHHEHAHURH

B`ou udo ~êejr! Uh~jkoh Idxuu` F@ ~`edorh 7 . Iju ho gdxh |`~ bhu udab`ru! ah EMHJFM ! `uujurê bhu khou bh N@B^ -'*! edorjoxh u` |~jí~h! a‚hu|~jr uh~hjo/ . 

-'* N@B^ 7 ade`ajrê b‚`~`njh dú ah \~d|mírh Idxm`ii`b -\UA* ~hi|d~r` xoh k~`obh sjerdj~h ux~ ahu jocjbíahu px~`zemjrhu ho 3>2

\AXU R@^B EMHW AHU K@[A@U-'*

Emhw ahu K`{a`u! ho i` px`ajrê bh Fm`bjidx ̂ `uudxa -uh~sjrhx~ bx \~d|mírh*! gh iju ho bê~dxrhu`r`o/

Bhu `bh|rhu bh |~hijí~h mhx~h rhau pxh EMHJFM @OR@! Uh~jkoh @MI@BDX OBJ@ZH BJD\n~`sí~hor ahu ih~u! ahu deê`ou hr ijaah `xr~hu dnur`eahu |dx~ ~hr~dxsh~ ah EMHJFM b`ou eh edjojomdu|jr`ajh~/

-'* K`{a`u 7 hrmojh bh A`in`~íoh -K@NDO*

UHXA B@OU A@ UZASHHPX@RD^J@AH

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Ah EMHJFM cxr ghrê b`ou a` rh~~jnah cd~çr êpx`rd~j`ah dú ahu |axu hor~`ïoêu hr ahu mdiihu ahu |axued~j`ehu |ê~juu`jhor udxu a‚hcchr bhu i`a`bjhu hobêijpxhu hr bhu |jpö~hu bhu idxemhu ruê)ruê/

\~drêkê |`~ u` cdj joên~`oa`nah hr udo `rr`emhihor `x |~d|mírh -\UA*/ Ah EMHJFM ux~idor`a‚ê|~hxsh/ Ja bêea`~h b`ou uhu êe~jru 7

. Ahu dbhu pxh gh bêbj`ju ì IDXM@II@B dor bjuuj|ê a` i`a`bjh hr a` id~r b`ou a` cd~çr bhi`zdin`/ . 

AHUEDPU

Xo gdx~! Ah EMHJFM sjr xoh ixarjrxbh bh edpu hr bh |dxahu shoj~ ì uhu |jhbu/ Ux~|~ju! ja bhi`ob`b‚dú sho`jhor ehu `oji`x}/ Do axj cjr u`sdj~ px‚jau êr`jhor rdxu juuxu bh a` |dxah pxj u‚êr`jr e`emêhb`ou uhu m`njru g`bju bx~`or udo h}ja b`ou ehrrh cd~çr/

. Bh|xju ad~u! pxj i`okh a` em`j~ bh ehu |dxahu! ihx~r . 

AH

^HRDX^

^hrdx~ bx EMHJFM ì B`f`~ ho 0:<> `|~íu ; `ou hr : idju b‚h}ja b`ou a` cd~çr êpx`rd~j`ah /

A@ CHRH BH B@^DXU@A@I

@ B`~dx U`a`i! emhw EMHJFM @OR@! ah c~í~h hr bjuej|ah bh Emhjfm @mi`bdx N`in`! ahu sdjujou!`xuuj njho Idx~jbhu! pxh Rjbj`ohu! uh bdooí~hor ~hobhw)sdxu |dx~ eêaên~h~ ah ~hrdx~ bx EMHJFM/

Ahu churjsjrêu bx~í~hor pxjowh gdx~u hr! em`pxh i`rjo xo b~di`b`j~h hr bj} emís~hu êr`jhor dcch~ru |dx~ odx~~j~ rdxu ahu `iju/

-'* N@B^ 7 ade`ajrê b‚`~`njh dú ah \~d|mírh Idxm`ii`b -\UA* ~hi|d~r` xoh k~`obh sjerdj~h ux~ ahu jocjbíahu px~`zemjrhu ho 3>2

EDX\ BH CD^EHEDADOJ@A

Gxjo 0:<5 7 D|ê~`rjdo ux~ B@^DXA I@O@@O

Ah EMHJFM ! bh odxsh`x h}jaê |`~rjr |dx~ a` I`x~jr`ojh/ Ja pxjrr` B@^DXA I@O@@O hued~rê |`~ 08<rj~`jaahx~u hr 8< u|`mju/ Ehu udab`ru `s`jhor |dx~ ijuujdo bh ihrr~h ì chx ah sjaa`kh `x e`u dx AHEMHJFM z bêrjhob~`jr bhu `~ihu/

8/14/2019 Histoire de Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/histoire-de-cheikh-ahmadou-bamba 9/9

A+MDU\JUR@AJRH BX BHUH^R

Ho I`x~jr`ojh! a‚mjurdj~h rdx~o`or xoh odxshaah |`kh/ B‚m`njrxbh! odu `oeçr~hu |`~r`jhor `x |`zu bhu

i`x~hu ì a` pxçrh b‚xo kxjbh u|j~jrxha/ @she ah EMHJFM @MI@BDX N@IN@! ahu ~òahu cx~horjosh~uêu/

Ahu ê~xbjru axj udxm`jrí~hor a` |`j} hr ~js`ajuí~hor |dx~ axj dcc~j~ a` ihjaahx~ mdu|jr`ajrê em`exo bêuj~`jr ah|~jsjaíkh bh ~hehsdj~ ah EMHJFM emhw axj! u`em`or px‚ja êr`jr a‚mê~jrjh~ bx \^D\MHRH/

RJHZHOH

@x bênxr bh 0:<;! ah EMHJFM cxr ~hor~ê `x Uêoêk`a/ Ja sjs`jr ho ~êujbhoeh ux~shjaaê ì RJHZHOH |~íubh ADXK@! dú ja oh cxr `xrd~juê ì u‚hordx~h~ pxh bh ejopx`orh bjuej|ahu hr ì oh bju|duh~ pxh bh sjokre`uhu/

A@ AHKJDOB+MDOOHX^

^hedoo`juu`or hocjo ah EMHJFM ediih xo u`jor mdiih! a` C~`oeh axj dcc~jr a` e~dj} bh a` aêkjdob‚mdoohx~/ Ja ~hcxu` bh a` |d~rh~/

\`~ eh khurh! ja udxm`jr` bêidor~h~ ì odxsh`x pxh udo `erjdo o‚êr`jr jou|j~ê pxh |`~ BJHX hr BJHXuhxa! hr odo |`u |`~ ahu mdiihu! `iju dx hoohiju/

A+@UEHOUJDO SH^UBJHX

Ah 0: Gxjaahr 0:>;! ah EMHJFM @MI@BDX JNO IDXM@II@B JNO @NJN@AA@M u ”êahs` sh~u BJHX!ah i`ïr~h bh a‚xojsh~u! ah rdxr eaêihor! ah rdxr ijuê~jed~bjhx}/

Udo i`xudaê! ì RDXN@ ! `rrj~h bhu mdiihu hr bhu chiihu bh rdxrhu ~`ehu hr bh rdxu ahu edorjohoru/

Px‚@AA@M ah rdxr ijuê~jed~bjhx}! u`oerjcjh udo izurí~h hr `uux~h ah ~`zdoohihor bh udohouhjkohihor! ehaxj bh a‚jijr`rjdo bx \~d|mírh Idxm`ii`b -\UA*/

Nêoêbjerjdo hr |`j} bx Uhjkohx~ ux~ Idxm`ii`b! u` c`ijaah! uhu edi|`kodou hr ux~ rdxu ehx} pxj~ê|`obhor ux~ rh~~h a‚`idx~! a` |jêrê hr a` |`j}/

@IJOH