Eugénie Holliger-Hagmann* Das …...Eugénie Holliger-Hagmann* Das Produktesicherheitsgesetz: Eine...
13
3/2010 186 Recht ! etzung C’est précisément la loi sur la sécurité des produits (LS- Pro) qui engendre des incertitudes quant à son interpré- tation. Son lien avec les lois sectorielles sur la sécurité des produits est défini de manière précaire. Les acteurs de la LSPro de droit public ne se recoupent pas avec ceux de son pendant de droit privé, la loi sur la responsabilité du fait des produits (LRFP). La différence entre respon- sables à titre primaire et subsidiaire n’est pas appliquée de manière conséquente. Sans compter que l’interpréta- tion de cette loi réservera à l’administration et aux tribu- naux encore d’autres surprises. Inhalt !" $%&& ’())* +%, -./0 12. 3&45&+2&67 8" 9:.+5 ,;<(& =5>) /*%.* ?" @3ABC>,*5 D() /5;( !!" -5.,(&%5 +.%)%*>, 8" $5&>6 :=5.15265&+5 E(FF5&D5.*5>F2&6 ?" G5. !&D5.’5<.=.>&65. 5&*H2HH* ,>;< %F, -.(*52, I" J)&>H.K,5&1 +5, 95.,*5FF5., L" 9%2H*.(FF5&M N5=5&.(FF5& 2&+ ,(6%. E(FF5&45;<,5F O" E(FF5&,*.5>* +5. P(FF126,B 2&+ Q(&*.(FF(.6%&5 !!!" $%& ’()*+*, -%. /.01%231*4,5350, !P" G>5 -.(+2’*,>;<5.<5>* 8" />;<5.<5>*,H%.%)5*5. ?" />;<5.<5>*,&%;<45>, 6" 789:(8.23;<59:3*, 8" /H51>%F,5.D>;5 R:. Q(&,2)5&*5&H.(+2’*5 =" >.+8,5?8350,?;<59:3*, I" N525 E(FF5 R:. +5& 9K&+F5. @" A*B1*;<59:3*, P!" $%, +%, -./0 +5& S&*5.&5<)5& %2;< &(;< =5,;<5.* 8" T%,,&%<)5& +5, P(FF126,(.6%&, ?" /*.%R=5,*>))2&65& I" U%<.5,45;<,5F ?V88W?V8? P!!"365&+% X (+5. 4%, 12 *2& >,* I. Wann kommt das PrSG zur Anwendung? 1. Hürde schon beim Start $5&& 95.,*5FF5. 2&+ %&+5.5 P5.)%.’*5. 4>,,5& 4(FB F5&M (= ><.5 -.(+2’*5 2&*5. +%, -./0 8 R%FF5&M ,*(FH5.& Y E3 G." >2." $>.*,;<%R*,.5+%’*(.>& 2&+ E5R5.5&*>& R:. -.(+2’*B ?59:*.:*53 %,1 /.01%23:8&3;<59:3C D*.&8??3* E/.FG H /.01%23I ,>5 =5.5>*, :=5. +>5 5.,*5 +5. 1%<F.5>;<5& !&*5.H.5*%B *>(&,<:.+5&M +>5 +%, 05,5*1 D(. ><&5& %2R=%2*" G5. !&B D5.’5<.=.>&65. )2,, =52.*5>F5&M 45F;<5 3.*>’5F +5, ,5’*(.>5FF5& Z.F%,,5,M D(& +5) ,5>& -.(+2’* 5.R%,,* 4>.+M P(..%&6 D(. +5) -./0 <%=5& ’[&&*5&" N5=5& +5) -./0 =5,*5<5& )>&+5,*5&, 88I ,5’*(.>5FF5 \2&+5,B 65,5*15 2&+ P5.(.+&2&65&M 45F;<5 +>5 -.(+2’*,>;<5.B <5>* (+5. 654>,,5 3,H5’*5 +%D(& .565F&" />5 65F*5& R:. ?] D5.,;<>5+5&5 -.(+2’*5 2&+ -.(+2’*’%*56(.>5& >) @((+B 2&+ N(&R((+B\5.5>;<" Z, 6>=* +5,<%F= ’%2) 5>& -.(+2’*M +%, &>;<* 2&*5. )>&+5,*5&, 5>&5 />;<5.<5>*,B D(.,;<.>R* RKFF*M +>5 >& 5>&5) /H51>%F5.F%,, D5.%&’5.* >,*" S&+ &2& 6>F* ,5>* +5) 8" U2F> ?V8V R:. %FF5 -.(+2’*5 6.2&+,K*1F>;< %2;< &(;< +%, -./0" Z, F[,*5 +%, D5.%F*5B *5 /^Z0 ? 8JK 18? 15* F59:*.:*53 1*. J*.%<59: %,1 8%?I ?*.J*.%<59: J*,%3-3*, A8?9:5,*,K $;;8.83*K $,B8+*,K $5.’15265 2&+ /;<2*1%2,.:,*2&65&M %=5. %2;< D(& Z.1526&>,,5& R:. 9%2,<%F*M 9(==_ 2&+ /H(.* .565F*5" 05)K,, +5. \(*,;<%R* 12) -./0 I D5.F%&6* +5. /;<2*1 +5. />;<5.<5>* 2&+ +5. 05,2&+<5>* +5. T5&,;<5&M +%,, +%, -./0 R:. ,K)*F>;<5 -.(+2’*5 6>F*M R:. +>5 &>;<* =5B .5>*, >& +5. ,5’*(.>5FF5& -.(+2’*,>;<5.<5>*,65,5*1B 65=2&6 +>5 D5.F%&6*5& />;<5.<5>*,%&R(.+5.2&65& =5,*5<5&" $>5 +%, /^Z0 >,* %2;< +%, -./0 5>& [RR5&*B F>;<.5;<*F>;<5. Z.F%,," .>,>’5& >) 0.>RR X .5;<*F>;<5 @%FF,*.>;’5 D5.)5>+5&‘M /;<2F*<5,, P5.F%6M a:.>;< ?V8V" 8 \2&+5,65,5*1 :=5. +>5 -.(+2’*5,>;<5.<5>* D() 8?" U2&> ?VV] b-./0cM /E ]IV"88" ? \2&+5,65,5*1 :=5. +>5 />;<5.<5>* D(& *5;<&>,;<5& Z>&.>;<*2&B 65& 2&+ 05.K*5& D() 8]" TK.1 8]de b/^Z0cM /E f8]"8" I \(*,;<%R* 12) -.(+2’*5,>;<5.<5>*,65,5*1 b]f"VOOc D() ?O" U2&> ?VVf b\\F ?VVf dLVdM /" ?Ic" Ausgerechnet das Produktesicherheitsgesetz (PrSG) schafft Unsicherheiten über seine Auslegung. Sein Ver- hältnis zu sektoriellen Produktsicherheitserlassen ist prekär definiert. Die Akteure im öffentlichrechtlichen PrSG sind nicht deckungsgleich mit jenen in seinem privatrechtlichen Zwilling, dem Produktehaftpflicht- gesetz (PrHG). Der Unterschied zwischen primär und subsidiär Verantwortlichen ist nicht konsequent durch- geführt. Noch vieles mehr harrt der Auslegung durch Verwaltung und Gerichte. Eugénie Holliger-Hagmann* Das Produktesicherheitsgesetz: Eine Büchse der Pandora Das Produktesicherheitsgesetz (PrSG) trat am 1. Juli 2010 in Kraft und wirft mehr Fragen auf, als es löst
Transcript of Eugénie Holliger-Hagmann* Das …...Eugénie Holliger-Hagmann* Das Produktesicherheitsgesetz: Eine...
3/2010
186
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ng
C’est précisément la loi sur la sécurité des produits (LS-Pro) qui engendre des incertitudes quant à son interpré-tation. Son lien avec les lois sectorielles sur la sécurité des produits est défini de manière précaire. Les acteurs de la LSPro de droit public ne se recoupent pas avec ceux de son pendant de droit privé, la loi sur la responsabilité du fait des produits (LRFP). La différence entre respon-sables à titre primaire et subsidiaire n’est pas appliquée de manière conséquente. Sans compter que l’interpréta-tion de cette loi réservera à l’administration et aux tribu-naux encore d’autres surprises.
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I. Wann kommt das PrSG zur Anwendung?
1. Hürde schon beim Start
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Ausgerechnet das Produktesicherheitsgesetz (PrSG) schafft Unsicherheiten über seine Auslegung. Sein Ver-hältnis zu sektoriellen Produktsicherheitserlassen ist prekär definiert. Die Akteure im öffentlichrechtlichen PrSG sind nicht deckungsgleich mit jenen in seinem privatrechtlichen Zwilling, dem Produktehaftpflicht-gesetz (PrHG). Der Unterschied zwischen primär und subsidiär Verantwortlichen ist nicht konsequent durch-geführt. Noch vieles mehr harrt der Auslegung durch Verwaltung und Gerichte.
Eugénie Holliger-Hagmann*
Das Produktesicherheitsgesetz: Eine Büchse der Pandora
Das Produktesicherheitsgesetz (PrSG) trat am 1. Juli 2010 in Kraft und wirft mehr Fragen auf, als es löst
187
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3/2010
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@:.#+>5#6>6%&*>,;<5#a%<F#+5.#Z.1526&>,,5M#+>5#,>;<#%2R#1*(#A8.23#J*4,1*,#%,1#%,3*.#18?#/.FG#&8BB*,K#+*J*,#&2.#,;<(&#/(.*>)5&*5#+5.#=5>+5�.(,,D5.*5>F5.#T>6.(,#2&+# k((H# 5>&5	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/(R5.&#,>;<#+5.# ,5'*(.>5FF5#Z.F%,,#%&#+5&#D()#:=5.65B(.+&5*5&# 05,5*1# D(.6565=5&5&# E%<)5&# <KF*M# =5.2<*#
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188
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3/2010
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2. Der Inverkehrbringer entpuppt sich als Proteus
G>5#)5>,*5 R*.>**5#2&+#3'*>(&5&#*5>F*#+%,#-./0#&>;<*#&K<5.# 2),;<.>5=5&5&# -5.,(&5&# 12M# ,(&+5.&# 65&5.5FF#+5)#!&D5.'5<.=.>&65."#3&#D5.,;<>5+5&5&#/*5FF5&#,5*1*#*?#5:,#8B?#:8,1*B,1*#01*.#D*.;<59:3*3*#/*.?0,#D0.8%?K#1%.9:# P0.(%B5*.%,+*,#)5*# E/.01%23*# 1N.&*,# 5,# 6*.B2*:.#+*J.89:3#)*.1*,a[#01*.#Eb*.#*5,#/.01%23#5,#6*.B2*:.#J.5,+3Ka["#Q*5#<N9:35+*.#Q*3.89:3%,+#2c,,3*#(8,#6F%2=5&M#+%,#-./0#5.R%,,5#&2.#95.,*5FF5.M# !)H(.*52.5M#9K&+F5.#2&+#G>5&,*F5>,*5."#G(;<#*%2;<5&#%2R#+5.#-5.,(B&5&F>,*5# 3'*52.5# %2RM# +>5# D5.)2*F>;<# &(;<# 6%.# &>;<*#4>,,5&M#+%,,#%2;<#><&5>&5#E(FF5#1265+%;<*#>,*"#G5.#=.5>*#65RK;<5.*5#\56.>RR#+5,#!&D5.'5<.=.>&65&,#<%*#12.#@(F65M#+%,,#D>5F#)5<.#S&*5.&5<)5&#D()#-./0#5.R%,,*#45.+5&#%F,#D()#-.90M#+%,#R%,*#%2,,;<F>5,,F>;<#&2.#R:.#+5_.,*5FF5.#2&+#+>5#><)#6F5>;<#65,*5FF*5&#-5.,(&5>F*"#
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Z,#>,*#=52&.2<>65&+M#+%,,#+%,#@3ABG('2)5&*#)>*#+5&#%2;<# %&# %&+5.5&# /*5FF5&# &>;<*# >))5.# :=5.15265&+5&*4(.*5&#+5,#/5;(#%2R#+5.#5.,*5&#/5>*5#5>&5&#G>,;F%>B(*.#*,3:VB3"#O8,89:#D*.?3*:*,#?59:#15*#P$U#8B?#E.*5,*#J.>5&*>5.2&6,<>FR5#+5.#P5.4%F*2&6 "̀#T%,,65=5&+#,5>5&#E*5,-5+#15*#*5,?9:BV+5+*,#G*?*3-*?I#%,1#6*.0.1,%,+?B*5n*5#,(4>5#+>5#654(<&*5&#T%*5.>%F>5&# b1"\"#\(*,;<%R*#2&+#Z.FK2*5.2&65)#-./0W-./Pc "̀#3&+5.5.,5>*,#.5BF%*>D>5.*# +%,# +>5# \5+52*2&6# +5.# @3A# 6%&1# 5.<5=F>;<M#2&+# 5,#4>.+#+5)#\(*,;<%R*,*5n*# 12)#P5.<KF*&>,# 14>B,;<5&# -./0# 2&+# ,5'*(.>5FF5&# Z.F%,,5&# +(;<# &(;<# +>5#65=:<.5&+5#E5D5.5&1#5.4>5,5&"
II. Personae dramatis
1. Wenig überzeugende Rollenverteilung
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189
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3/2010
Z26g&>5#9(FF>65.B9%6)%&&h#G%,#-.(+2'*5,>;<5.<5>*,65,5*1h#Z>&5#\:;<,5#+5.#-%&+(.%
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IV. Die Produktsicherheit
1. Sicherheitsparameter
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193
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ng
3/2010
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&5.#@3AM#4(&%;<#+5.#$5>*5.D5.'%2R#5>&5,#J;;%,>(&H.(B+2'*,# >&#+5.# /;<45>1#'5>&# 5.&52*5,# !&D5.'5<.=.>&65&#>,*M#&>;<*#12*.5RR5&"#P5.)2*F>;<#<%*#,>;<#+%,#/5;(#%&#+5.#T%,;<P8]# (.>5&*>5.*M# 45F;<5# +>5# 5.,*)%F>65# \5.5>*,*5FBF2&6#+5.#T%,;<>&5#2&*5.#\5126&%<)5#%2R#Z0BE5;<*#%F,#!,D*.2*:.J.5,+*,#1*4,5*.3"#
2. Sicherheitsnachweis
$5.#5>&#-.(+2'*#>&#+5&#P5.'5<.#=.>&6*M#)2,,#&>;<*#&2.#+%R:.#,(.65&M#+%,,#5,#+>5#/>;<5.<5>*,%&R(.+5.2&65.BR:FF*"#Z.#)2,,#+%,#%2;<#=545>,5&#'[&&5&"#$>5#+%,#12#5.R(F65&#<%*M#65<*#%2,#3.*"#]#2&+#8V#-./P#<5.D(."#@:.#+5&# N%;<45>,M# +%,,# +%,# -.(+2'*# +>5# 3&R(.+5.2&65A)K,,#3.*"#I#=>,#O#-./0#5.R:FF*M#)2,,#5.#%FF5#5.R(.+5.F>B;<5&# *5;<&>,;<5&#S&*5.F%65&# =5>=.>&65&# '[&&5&"# @:.#i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k"# e# +5.# @3A# <>FR*#+5)# E%*,2;<5&+5&# %2;<# &>;<*# 45>*5."# G%,# /5;(# D5.B45>,*#R:.#+>5#R:.#5>&#=5,*>))*5,#-.(+2'*#5.R(.+5.F>;<5&#',3*.B8+*,# J*5# &*:B*,1*(# F*230..*9:3# 8%&# 15*# ENJB5B9:*,#G*;<0+*,:*53*,# J*5# D*.+B*59:J8.*,# /.01%23*,["#@:.#-.(+2'*5M#+>5#&%;<#+5)#/*%&+#+5,#$>,,5&,#2&+#+5.#5̂;<&>'# <5.65,*5FF*# 42.+5&M# D5.F%&6*# 5,# )>&+5,*5&,#5>&5# E>,>'(%&%F_,5# ,(4>5# 5>&5# \5*.>5=,BM# \5+>5&2&6,B#2&+# $%.*2&6,%&F5>*2&6M# ,(R5.&# +%,# -.(+2'*# &>;<*#,5F=,*5.'FK.5&+#>,*"#
G>5# G('2)5&*5# )2,,# 5.# 4K<.5&+# +5.# %&6565=5&5&#(+5.# D5.&:&R*>65.45>,5# D(.<5.,5<=%.5&# 05=.%2;<,B+%25.# +5,# -.(+2'*,M# i5+(;<# 4K<.5&+# )>&+5,*5&,# 8V#U%<.5&# =5>=.>&65&# '[&&5&"# Z,# >,*# H.(=F5)%*>,;<M# +%,,#+>5,5#@.>,*#R:.#i5+5&#>&#+5.#P5.*5>F5.'5**5#&>;<*#5*4%#)>*#+5)# !&D5.'5<.=.>&65&# ,5>&5,# F5*1*5&# Zn5)HF%.,# =5B6>&&*M#,(&+5.&#)>*#+5.#95.,*5FF2&6#+5,#F5*1*5&#Zn5)HBF%.,# 5>&5.# /5.>5"# G5&# !)H(.*52.5&M# 9K&+F5.&M# G>5&,*BF5>,*5.&+#%&+5.5&#!&D5.'5<.=.>&65.&#>,*#i5&5,#G%*2)#'%2)#=5'%&&*"#P(&#+5.#>))5.#4>5+5.#H.(H%6>5.*5&#%+B)>&>,*.%*>D5&#Z&*F%,*2&6#+5.#S&*5.&5<)5&#X#>&,=5,(&B+5.5#+5.#QTS#X#D()#-%H>5.'.%)#>,*#<>5.#&>;<*,#R5,*12B,*5FF5&"
V. Nachmarktpflichten
1. Spezialservice für Konsumentenprodukte
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3. Neue Rolle für den Händler
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196
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3. Jahreswechsel 2011/2012
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VI. Was das PrSG den Unternehmen auch noch beschert
1. Massnahmen des Vollzugsorgans
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2. Strafbestimmungen
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VII. Agenda – oder was zu tun ist
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