cytokines (3)
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Transcript of cytokines (3)
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Principles of Immunology
Cytokines2/2/06
Live simply so others can simply live.
Anonymous
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Word List
Autocrine
Endocrine
Immunoglobulin superfamily Interleukin
Paracrine
Pleiotropy Stem cell factor
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Chemical Structure
Low molecular weight proteins,
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Names of Cytokines
Source
e.g.,Lymphokines
Function
e.g.,Chemokines
Intercellular action
e.g., Interleukins
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Action of Cytokines
Autocrine Affects the generating cell (self)
Paracrine Affects cells in the immediate vicinity
Endocrine Affects cells remote from the secreting
cell
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Cytokine-generating Cells
Innate immunity Macrophages
Endothelial cells
Fibroblasts
Adaptive immunity
T lymphocytes Macrophages
NK cells
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Cytokine Receptors
Ig super family
Class I- hematopoietin
Class II-interferon
TNF
Chemokine
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Cytokine Receptors
Multimeric receptors
Common signal-transducing subunits
Unique high affinity subunits
High affinity subunits associated with
activation of target cell
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Signal Transduction
Initiated by cytokine binding
Activates JAK (Janus kinase)
Phosphorylation of tyrosine Binding of STAT(Signal transducers
and activators of transcription)
Translocation of STAT to cells DNA
Transcription of specific target genes
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Role of Cytokines inHematopoiesis
SCF (Stem cell factor)
GM-CSF (Granulocyte-macrophage
colony-stimulating factor) IL-3 (Interleukin 3)
IL-5 (Interleukin 5)
IL-7 (Interleukin 7)
IL-11(Interleukin 11)
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Cytokines in the Immune Response
Innate immune response
IL 1-(Macrophage)-fever, capillary effects
IL 6-(Macrophage)-adaptive immunity via B cells
IL 12(Macrophage)-adaptive immunity via Thelper cells
TNF (Macrophage)-capillary effects, activatesneutrophils
IFN alpha (Macrophage)-multiple effects
IFN beta (Fibroblasts)-multiple effects
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Cytokines in the Immune Response
Adaptive immune response
IL 2-(T cells)-multiple effects)
IL 4-(T cells & mast cells)-T celldifferentiation, IgE production
TGF beta (T cells, macrophages)-inhibits adaptive immune response
IFN gamma-(T cells, NK cells)-Macrophage activation
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Subsets of T helper Cells
T helper 1 IgG production/Complement fixation
Macrophage activation
DTH CTL production
T helper 2 IgE production Eosinophils
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Cytokine antagonism and viraldiseases
Using cytokines therapeutically