Perception of urban brownfields in Brno

Bryn Greer-WoottenBryn Greer-WoottenPetr KlusáčekPetr Klusáček

Josef KuncJosef KuncStanislav MartinátStanislav Martinát

Annett SteinfuehrerAnnett Steinfuehrer

Leipzig, UFZ, Urban Brownfields Workshop, 5.10.2009Leipzig, UFZ, Urban Brownfields Workshop, 5.10.2009

This presentation was supported by the European Social Fund and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports,project no. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/09.0234 „Advancement of professional abilities and skills of geographers from Institute of Geonics AS CR“

I. Introduction

II. Questionnaire survey - methodology

III. Sample information

IV. The selected preliminary results of the

questionnaire survey for Brno

V. Discussion

Outline of the presentationOutline of the presentation

• Why brownfields? They are connected with many

other important problems - e. g. environmental

pollution, urban sprawl, crime….

� Previous research projects - (e.g. projects –

VW, REURBAN) - issue of brownfields in the

urban spaces

� Current research projects: (1) Destiny of

Czech post-industrial landscape and (2)

Revitalisation of urban brownfields.

Comparative analyses, best practices and

open research questions in Eastern Germany

and the Czech Republic

I. I. IntroductionIntroduction – 1) – 1)

• After 1989 – Deindustrialisation process in

Brno – impacts on the urban structure• – e.g. new apartment dwelling house and

unused textile factory Vlněna in Brno

I. I. IntroductionIntroduction – 2) – 2)

• revitalisation of the brownfields in Brno – apartment dwelling houses (about 270 new flats) – Křenová/Masná – new street Zderadova

I. IntroductionI. Introduction - 3 - 3))

• The most famous example of brownfield revitalisation – Vaňkovka - „from a metal factory to the shopping centre and other services“

I. Introduction – 4)I. Introduction – 4)

• Questionnaire survey was realised in Brno in cooperation

with Masaryk University (Dr. Kunc) in the sommer 2009

• The results are based on analysis of the answers from

382 respondents

• The spatially the research was realised in two central

parts in Brno: (a) City Core (Náměstí Svobody, Česká,

Zelný trh, Špalíček) – medieval city – area within former

city walls (181 respondents), (b) Inner city (Vaňkovka,

Mendlovo náměstí, Pekařská, hlavní nádraží) – close

surroundings of the medieval city (201 respondents)

IIII. Methodology – . Methodology – 11))

• Gender of respondents

IIIIII. Sample information – 1). Sample information – 1)

49%

51%

Male Female

• Education of respondents

IIIIII. Sample information – 2). Sample information – 2)

12%

51%

37%

Basic and middle /high school without matricula tion Imatricula tion University

• Age structure of respondents

IIIIII. Sample information – 3). Sample information – 3)

28%

34%

19%

19%

‘Young adults’ = 18 – 24 years of age ‘Adults’ = 25 – 35 years of age

‘Middle-aged’ = 36 – 49 years of age ‘Older’ = 50+ years of age.

• What kind of image comes to your mind when you hear the word

“brownfield” ?

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 1)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 1)

45%

21%

5%

29%

Don't know

Unused facilities

Deteritora ting facilities

Other individua l responses

• Which project concerned with re-using some “falling apart, i.e.,

neglected” and “presently not in use” (for example, closed-down

factories, mines, out-of-use military barracks, etc.), or plans for

revitalization of these facilities, comes to your mind and you judge

it to be most successful for Brno?

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 2)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 2)

21%

68%

11%

Don't know

Vaňkovka

Other locations in Brno

• In your opinion, do the unused and deteriorating facililities (for

example, closed-down factories, mines, out-of-use military

barracks, etc.) in the area of Brno city cause:

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 3)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 3)

16%

46%

17%

21%

Serious problem

Problem of considerableconcern

Problem without seriousimportance

Don't know

16%

46%

17%

21%

Serious problem

Problem of considerableconcern

Problem without seriousimportance

Don't know

• The project Vaňkovka changed the former factory to the shopping

centre? Do you think that this project was :

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 4)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 4)

50%

35%

13% 1%1%

Very good

Good

Average

Bad

Very bad

• Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “The

realization of the Vaňkovka project -- for the historical centre of

Brno – was “A definitely positive gain, since it started the necessary

development of the City Centre and therefore it increased the

attractiveness of the City Centre for shopping.

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 5)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 5)

45%

42%

7%2% 4%

Yes - a positive GAIN

Possibly yes for a positive ga in

Possibly not any ga in

No - not positive for city centre

Don't know

• Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “The

realization of the Vaňkovka project -- for the historical centre of

Brno – was “Probably (possibly) a gain, but it caused a decline in

the number of visitors to the historical centre

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 6)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 6)

9%

21%

35%

27%

8%

Yes- a possible positive GAINPossibly yes for a possible positive gainPossibly not any gainNo - not positive for city centreDon't know

• Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “The

realization of the Vaňkovka project = Negative effect - A possible

“depopulation” of the historical centre, since most of the visitors

went to Vaňkovka area

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 7)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 7)

3% 10%

23%

55%

9%

Yes - a possible depopula tion of CCPossibly yes for a depopula tion of CCPossibly not - any depopula tion of CCNo depopulation of city centreDon't know

• If you have to make a choice about shopping area between historic

centre or Vaňkovka. Do you usually decide for:

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 8)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 8)

35%

61%

4%

Historical centre Vaňkovka project Don't know

• The re-construction of the unused and deteriorating places/locations/objects in the city area

should proceed with: (1) with very sensitive care, i.e., to enable the use of the currently

existing buildings, because of their very important heritage value and their historical witness

to certain time periods;(2.)with moderate care, i.e., protect selected objects only, according

to their current state and their archaeological value (on a case-by-case evaluation basis) and

substitute the rest with new architecture; or with (3) architecturally brave approach –

basically clear out all disintegrating and unused objects (except for buildings protected by

the law) and create an image for these locations with the use of modern architecture

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 9)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 9)

33%

55%

12%

Very sensitive care

Modera te care

Architectura l replacement

• The locations containing some deteriorating and unused objects in

the Brno city areas should be used again and primarily for:

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 10)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 10)

3872 89

11067

31

67

8475

95

33

74

92 72

73

67

78

60 66

66168

5628 29

49

45 35 29 30 32

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

(1) forproduction

(2) forservices (e.g.business and

shopping);

(3) for newpublic housing

(4) for newgreen spaces

(5) forrecreationaland sporting

activities

Ranking not given

Fifth in importance

Fourth in importance

Third in importance

Second in importance

FIRST in importance

• For those projects already completed (e.g. Vaňkovka, Zderadovo

centrum.), what are the problems with them?

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 11)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 11)

49%

45%

6%

Do not see any problems

Too many single-purpose uses

Other problems

• If you had the choice of living in an apartment in an old/rebuilt

factory [lofts] or living in a standard apartment building, which one

would you choose, and why?

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 12)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 12)

27%

24%

49%

Apartment/loft in BF redevelopmentApartment in standard apartment building

Don't know which option

• Do you worry about possible pollution (in water, in soil) for using

the areas containing the neglected and unused objects (for

example, closed-down factories, out-of-use military barracks, etc.) ?

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 13)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 13)

9%

17%

16%40%

18%

Yes Possibly yes Don't know Possibly no No

• In your opinion, which financial sources would be able to secure the

repeated use of areas with neglected and unused objects (for

example, closed-down factories, out-of-use military barracks, etc.)

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 14)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 14)

12%

20%

58%

10%

Public Private Combination public/private Don't know

• Do you consider the existence of areas with neglected and unused

objects (for example, closed-down factories, out-of-use military

barracks, etc.) in Brno to be the sign of its decline?

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 15)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 15)

11%

29%

10%

32%

18%

Yes Possibly yes Don't know Possibly no No

• Overall, how do you evaluate the Brno city policy in utilization of

areas with unused and deteriorating objects ?

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 16)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 16)

1%19%

35%11%

2%

32%

Very good Good AverageBad Very bad Not able to judge

• In the framework of Brno city, which area with existing unused and

deteriorating objects is the most problematic one?

IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 17)IV. Preliminary result for Brno – 17)

19%

35%11%

2%

32%

1%

City centre with ra ilway station Zábrdovice behind ra ilway stationIndustria l zone [Ob řany - Komárov] Large old industries [Královopolská - Zbrojovka]Military barracks [ Řečkovice] No site identified

IIVV. Future research activities . Future research activities

• Results for Ostrava has not been analysed yet

(The similar structure of questionnaire survey for

Brno and Ostrava with some differences)

• The partial analysis of data for Ostrava – next task

• The main objective - an article focused on

brownfilds issue using data from both surveys

(Brno and Ostrava)

Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!

Thank you for your attention! Any questions?Thank you for your attention! Any questions?