„Efficient bioenergy utilisation – production and consumption„Efficient bioenergy utilisation – production and consumption”

Use of solid biomass in heat production and cogeneration –technologies and approaches

eddie.johansson@rindi.se

Rindi w Europa

FilipstadsVärme AB

VårgårdaVärmecentral AB

Spolki w Szwecji

50% z udzialem

komunalnalnym

Rindi Energi ABCa 300 akcjonarjuszySpolki w Szwecji

100%

Rindi Flen AB

Rindi Västerdala AB

KombinatEnergetyczny

Rindi Gnesta AB

RindiSunne AB

Spolki zagraniczne

Rindipol S APolska

Cieplownia, Elektrocieplownia

Biopal Sp z.ooPolska

ProdukcjaRindi Hörby AB

Rindi Sjöbo AB

RindiTomelilla AB

Rindi Vingåker AB

Vansbrofästet AB

Sunne Energi AB

RindiVadstena AB

Rindi ÄlvdalenKombinat

Energetyczny

Produkcjabiomasy

Rindi EC Kolobrzeg

PolskaElektrocieplownia

Daimyo RindiEnergy ASNorwegia

Odpady/biomasa

RINDIBELBialorus Serwis lesny, Produkcja

biomasy energetyka

Statements

• The flowing energy on global level is 1000 times the today demand

• Locally produced bio energy is cheaper than • Locally produced bio energy is cheaper than any fossil fuels

• Burning bio fuel is more fun than fossil fuels

• Existing energy actors are not taking necessary actions

The Ineffective energy system

Reach the goals by utilising the losses

• The today primary energy consumption will be decreased by utilising the losses

• The losses can only be utilised for low temperature demandstemperature demands

• Low temperature demands is space heating, drying and evaporation

• Heat distribution system is the key

• District heating must be built in Europe as infrastructure

Strategic resources for District Heating

Geothermal Energy

Industrial Waste Heat

Fossil Fuels, for peak load

Biofuels

Energy from Waste

Combined Heat and Power

Source: Swedish District Heating Association

District Heating an integrated part of the energy system

Heat market

Industrial Waste Heat

ALDE, Worksop on Biofuels

Fossil Fuels, peak load

Bio Fuels

Combined Heat and PowerCombined Heat and Power

Energy from Waste

Fuel production

Share of CHP in DH and amount of DH per person

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Fraction of CHP heat in district heat

generation

FI

PL

CZDKDE BG

ROHU

AT

BE LU NL

CHIT

HR

SI

UK

PT

Share of CHP in DH

%

Energilunch 2008-04-16

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

District heat generated per capita, GJ

PL

SKLT

LVEE

SEFR

NO

Fjärrvärmeproduktionen per capita, GJ

Demography Latvia

• Population[milj] 2 270 900

• Area [ha] 6 358 900 • Area [ha] 6 358 900

• Tot arable land [ha] 2 692 500

• Utilized agricultural area [ha]1 701 700

• Not used arable land [ha] 990 900

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

MWh per person

One tenth of ha per person

Energy consumption in Latvia/person

0.000

2.000

4.000

Food(vegetable) Food (animal) Heat Tranportation fuel

Electricity

One tenth of ha per person

Latvia opportunities

• Large amount of district heating

• Large amount of farming land per person

• Natural gas dominating fuel today• Natural gas dominating fuel today

• No use of burnable waste today, only landfill

• Big part of district heating not used for CHP

Economical means of control, results

Energy supply for Swedish district heating system

OilBio

DH price developmentFjärrvärmeprisets utveckling 1996-2006

650

700

750

Medelpris

[kr/MWh inkl moms]Fortum-sfären

E.ON AG-sfären

Vattenfall-sfären

Graninge-sfären

Private owned companies

Municipal owned companies

450

500

550

600

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 År

Rindi Energi-

sfären

Samtliga i

huvudsak

kommunalt ägda

Kommunalt ägda

(>250 GWh)

Medelvärde Fjv

(Riket)

400 GWh Bio fuel

CHP Plant

100 GWh Electricity

250 GWh Heat

1 GWh = 3,6 TJ = 85,98 toe

Installed heat production:• 55 MW Heat including flue gas condensation

• 23 MW Electricity

CHP-exemple

By-products:•Bottom ash 900 ton/year•Fly ash 1000 ton/year

Fuel feed

Steam boiler

Economizer

Turbine and Generator set

Hot water

Cogeneration plant 20 MW heat, 8 MW el(CHP, Combined Heat and Power)

Ash conveyor

Flue gas cleaning

Nox/Sox reduction

Burnerand boiler, 5MW

Portable boiler house 2 MW

NSR returplastanläggning, Ängelholm

Biomass Boiler

�Grate fired boiler

� Vibrating grate

� Bottom and fly ash

�Separation of heavy metals

Producerad effekt som funktion av utetemperaturen

40

50

60

70MW

0

10

20

30

-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25

Utetemperatur, ºC

40

50

60

70

80

90

Träpulver 37 GWh

Rökgaskondensering 4 GWh

Kraftvärme, vä 204 GWh

Kraftvärme, el netto 87 GWh

Produktion i dag

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

30

40

50

60

70

80

90 Träpulver 7 GWh -30 GWh

Rökgaskondensering 4 GWh + 65 GWh

Kraftvärme, vä 204 GWh + 198 GWh

Kraftvärme, el netto 87 GWh + 90 GWh

Fullastproduktion

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

• Farmers

• Municipal of Enköping

• Waste Water Treatment

Working Together

Plant

• District Heating Operator

The Nynäs Projectsince 2001

• Three ponds

• Irrigation system

• Sewage water• Sewage water

• 80 hectares (198 acres)

• 350 km

• Approx 250-300 kg N

Electrostatic precipitator

Boiler Flue-gas condenser

100%

Cd: 10% Cu: 50% Cr: 60% Hg: 20%

Cd: 90% Cu: 50% Cr: 40% Hg: 80% Ni: 70% Pb: 80% Zn: 80%

Cd: 9,8 Cu: 55 Cr: 41

g/ha & year

Salix uptake from ground:

Chips Sawdust Willowtree Bark

Chimney

Metalcycle in Enköping CHP-plant

Fly ash

Bottom ash

120 ha willowfield

76 ha willowfield

Enköping river

3,8 milj. m3/year200 000 m3/year

Hg: 20% Ni: 30% Pb: 20% Zn: 20%

Zn: 80%

Condensed water 30 000 m3/year

Cr: 41 Hg: 0,34 Ni: 28 Pb: 9.86 Zn: 731

Cd: 0,75 Cu: 194,5 Cr: 26,1 Hg: 0,33 Ni: 12,9 Pb: 15 Zn: 324

g/ha & year

Cd:<1,1 Cu: 183 Cr: <13 Hg:<0,4 Ni: 25 Pb: 13

Zn: 341

g/ha & year

Ash/sludge mixDeposit

Clean waterIrrigation project

Digested sludge

Waste water treatment plant

Clean water + sludge water

2000-08-09

Evaporation temperatures

• P 280°C

• Cs 690°C

• Cd 765°C• Cd 765°C

• K 776°C

• Na 877°C

• Zn 907°C

Socio-economic benefits of using bio energy

• Land owners get long term contracts for energy supply and takes part in the local cooperation

• Uses the waste products from society as fertilizer

• Solves nitrogen leakage to recipient• Solves nitrogen leakage to recipient

• Clean farming land from heavy metals

• Local energy needs society planning

• Local energy needs local interests/owners

Rindi business model

• Feasability study together with local or regional authorities

• Find the optimum solution for the region • Find the optimum solution for the region

• PPP (Public Private Partnership)

• Sustainable solution for the region

• Profit for PPP and Rindi from renewable energy