Post on 05-Nov-2020
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ...................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ....................................................................... ii
SURAT PERNYATAAN ............................................................................. iii
PRAKATA ................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................ vi
DAFTAR SINGKATAN .............................................................................. ix
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... x
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... xii
INTISARI ................................................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................. 1
1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 4
1.3. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................... 4
1.3.1 Tujuan Umum ....................................................................................... 4
1.3.2. Tujuan Khusus ..................................................................................... 4
1.4. Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................. 5
1.4.1. Manfaat Teoritis .................................................................................. 5
1.4.2. Manfaat Praktis .................................................................................... 5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................... 6
2.1. Metabolisme Purin ................................................................................. 6
2.2. Hiperurisemia ......................................................................................... 8
2.3. Faktor Resiko Asam Urat ....................................................................... 9
2.4. Daun Seledri ......................................................................................... 10
2.4.1. Deskripsi Seledri ................................................................................ 10
2.4.2. Klasifikasi Tanaman Seledri .............................................................. 10
2.4.3. Morfologi ........................................................................................... 11
2.4.4. Kandungan Kimia Seledri ................................................................. 11
2.4.5. Manfaat Seledri .................................................................................. 12
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2.4.6. Apiin (Apigenin 7-O-Apioglukosida) ................................................. 12
2.4.7. Mekanisme Kimia Seledri Terhadap Penurunan Asam Urat ............. 12
2.5. Kafein ................................................................................................... 13
2.5.1. Deskripsi Kafein ................................................................................ 13
2.5.2. Sifat Kafein ........................................................................................ 13
2.5.3. Sumber Kafein ................................................................................... 14
2.5.4. Efek Kafein Terhadap Ginjal ............................................................. 15
2.6. Hati Ayam ............................................................................................. 15
2.6.1. Deskripsi Hati Ayam ......................................................................... 15
2.6.2. Kandungan Nutrisi Hati Ayam .......................................................... 16
2.6.3. Efek Hati Ayam Terhadap Kadar Asam Urat Darah ......................... 16
2.7. Kerangka Teori ..................................................................................... 17
2.8. Kerangka Konsep ................................................................................. 18
2.9. Hipotesis ............................................................................................... 18
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .............................................................. 19
3.1. Jenis Penelitian Dan Rancangan Penelitian .......................................... 19
3.2. Variabel Penelitian Dan Definisi Operasional ...................................... 21
3.2.1. Variabel Penelitian............................................................................. 21
3.2.2. Definisi Operasional .......................................................................... 21
3.3. Subjek Uji ............................................................................................. 23
3.4. Instrumen Dan Bahan ........................................................................... 24
3.4.1. Instrumen ........................................................................................... 24
3.4.2. Bahan ................................................................................................. 25
3.5. Cara Penelitian ...................................................................................... 25
3.5.1. Cara Pembuatan Air Rebusan Daun Seledri ...................................... 25
3.5.2. Cara Pembuatan Ekstrak Daun Seledri .............................................. 26
3.5.3. Dosis Penelitian ................................................................................. 26
3.5.4. Prosedur Penelitian ............................................................................ 28
3.5.5. Pemberian Perlakuan ......................................................................... 28
3.5.6. Cara Pengambilan Darah ................................................................... 30
3.5.7. Mengukur Kadar Hiperurisemia Dengan Spektrofotometer ............. 31
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3.6. Alur Penelitian ...................................................................................... 33
3.7. Tempat Dan Waktu Penelitian .............................................................. 34
3.7.1. Tempat Penelitian .............................................................................. 34
3.7.2. Waktu Penelitian ................................................................................ 34
3.8. Analisa Hasil ......................................................................................... 34
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN............................. 35
4.1. Hasil Penelitian ..................................................................................... 35
4.2. Pembahasan .......................................................................................... 37
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ...................................................... 41
5.1. Kesimpulan ........................................................................................... 41
5.2. Saran ..................................................................................................... 42
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................. 43
LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................ 45
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DAFTAR SINGKATAN
CO2 : Carbon dioksida
CPR : C-reactive protein
dl : desi liter
DNA : Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
EDTA : Ethylene Diamine Tetra acetic Acid
gr : gram
kg : kilo gram
MTP-1 : Metatarsofalangeal 1
MSU : Mono Sodium Urat
ml : mili liter
mg : mili gram
PPAR : Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor
RCT : Randomize Control Trial
RNA : Ribonucleic Acid
WHO : Wold Health Organization
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1. Hasil Analisis Statistik Kadar Asam Urat ...................................... 36
Tabel 4.2. Hasil Analisis Uji One Way Anova ................................................ 37
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Bagan Metabolisme Purin ................................................................ 7
Gambar 2.4. Tanaman Seledri dari Bandungan.............................................. ..... 10
Gambar 2.5. Rumus Bangun Kafein............................................. ....................... 13
Gambar 2.7. Kerangka Teori ............................................................................... 17
Gambar 2.8. Kerangka Konsep ........................................................................... 18
Gambar 3.1. Skema Rancangan Penelitian ......................................................... 19
Gambar 3.6. Alur Penelitian ................................................................................ 33
Gambar 4.1. Rerata dan Standarisasi Deviasi Kadar Asam Urat ........................ 35
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Hasil Uji Deskriptif ................................................................. 45
Lampiran 2. Hasil analisis data outlier normalitas dan homogenitas varian
data kadar asam urat ............................................................... 45
Lampiran 3. Hasil analisis perbedaan data kadar asam urat dengan uji one
way anova ................................................................................ 46
Lampiran 4. Ethical Clereance .................................................................... 47
Lampiran 5. Surat Keterangan Pembuatan Ekstrak dari Laboratorium
Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Semarang ........................ 48
Lampiran 6. Surat Keterangan Penelitian dari Laboratorium Biologi
FMIPA Universitas Negeri Semarang ..................................... 49
Lampiran 7. Dokumentasi ............................................................................ 50
Lampiran 8. Hasil Uji Serum Darah Tikus dari Balai Laboratorium
Kesehatan dan Pengujian Alat Kesehatan .............................. 52