GIS Motivation
GIS Consultants, Oakland, CA Page 1
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WHY GIS?
Bruce Joffe, AICP
GIS Consultants
Oakland, CA
510/238-9771
Personal Motivation Unlocks the Energy
GIS ConsultantsGIS ConsultantsGIS Consultants
WHY ARE YOU USING GIS?
• What Interests You?
• Why Were You Drawn to GIS?
• What Inspires You?
• How is it Working?
• What is Needed?
GIS Motivation
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REASONS FOR ADOPTING GIS
• Special ProjectO Ward / District ReapportionmentO Land Use Management PlanO Emergency Dispatch SystemO Storm Drain Analysis (NPDES)
• Mapping (Update) ProjectO Rapid Growth SubdivisionsO Digital Orthophotography
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REASONS FOR ADOPTING GIS
• Comprehensive I.S. PlanO Enterprise-wide Database IntegrationO Utility Management Plan
• "Back Door" DevelopmentO CADO CAMO IM / FMO GIS
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Why Does GIS Interest YOU?
• Understanding Urban GrowthO Control Urbanization
• Understanding Environmental ChangesO Protect the Environment
• Understanding Demographic PatternsO Improve Social-Economic Equity
• Visualizing RealityO Use Tools for Improvement and Change
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Why Were YOU Drawn to GIS?
GIS Motivation
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Why Were YOU Drawn to GIS?
• Understand Our World• Use New Technology• Share, Learn, Build Relationships• Work-related Requirement• It is Fun• Competance: "I can do anything with GIS"• Leaving the World better than when I found it
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How Does GIS Inspire You?
GIS Motivation
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How Does GIS Inspire You?
• Geography Brings Us Together• Context Organizing Content• Implementing Wholistic Thinking• Access to Information – Democratization• New Way of Working – Cooperating• Improve Decision Processes – Coordinating• Being a Respected Service Provider
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How Well is GIS Meeting Your Expectations?
• How Well is it Working?
• What is Snagging?
• What is Missing?
• Where do We Go from Here?
GIS Motivation
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What is Snagging GIS Progress?
• Detailed Database Construction• Learning the Software• Developing Useful Applications• Cooperation for Data Maintenance• Acceptance in the Organization• Staffing, Training, Budgetary Support
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What is Missing?
• A Credible Plan to the End of the Tunnel
• Highly Useful ApplicationsO critical to the organization?
• Staffing, Training, Budgetary Support
• Re-design of Business ProcessO still automating paper processes?
• Participation & Cooperation from Peers, Staff Managers
GIS Motivation
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GIS IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
PALO ALTO GIS IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 [ Year 4 Year 5 Ongoing Operation
MANAGEMENT
OrganizationalStructurePolicy }
Budgeting &Reporting
}
Priorities
Project Mgt. }STAFFING
Positions
Training }HW/SW
Acquisition
Integration
System Mgt. }DB STRUCTURE & PROGRAMMING
Map Structure
DB Structure
QC Programming
ApplicationProgramming
}DATA ACQUISITION
City's DBConstruction
}
Outside ServiceDB ConstructionVerification
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What is Missing?
• A Credible Plan to the End of the Tunnel
• Highly Useful ApplicationsO critical to the organization
• Staffing, Training, Budgetary Support
• Re-design of Business ProcessO still automating paper processes?
• Participation & Cooperation from Peers, Staff Managers
GIS Motivation
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APPLICATIONS BY GIS USERS
• Aquifer Pollution Modeling• Cadastral Information• Census Demographics• Data Access – Library• Engineering Design – Roads,
Utilities, Facilities• Facilities Operations & Repair• Infrastructure Management –
Pavement / Roadways• Infrastructure Management –
Sewer Collection• Infrastructure Management –
Storm Drain/Flood Control• Infrastructure Management –
Water Distribution
• Land Suitability Development Analysis
• Land Use Planning• Landfill Management• Leak Survey• Natural Resource Management• Noise Abatement• Police/Fire Emergency Response• Politics – Elections• ROW Survey, Expansion• Tract/Subdivision Design• Traffic Analysis• Utility Customer Information• Water Well Monitoring• Zoning
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PRIORITIZE APPLICATIONS
• Biggest Impact or Need• Easy, Fast• Foundation Building• Public Relations Impact• Decision Maker's Hot Button• Special Project Focus
GIS Motivation
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GIS BENEFITS
• Eliminates Redundancy• Improves Record Keeping• Timely Access to Information• Simplifies Access to Information• Decreases or Contains Operating Costs
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More Benefits Can Be Realized
• Decision Analysis of More Alternatives
• Decision Support Using More Data
• Integration with Organization's Other Data
• Synergy from Integrated Processes
GIS Motivation
GIS Consultants, Oakland, CA Page 10
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What is Missing?
• A Credible Plan to the End of the Tunnel
• Highly Useful ApplicationsO critical to the organization
• Staffing, Training, Budgetary Support
• Re-design of Business ProcessO still automating paper processes?
• Participation & Cooperation from Peers, Staff Managers
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• Maintain GIS Layers/Databases
• Maintain GIS System
• Perform Geoprocessing
• Certify Geoanalytic ProcessesO UnderstandableO RepeatableO Defendable
WHAT ARE THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF GIS PROFESSIONALS?
GIS Motivation
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What Are GIS Functions?
• Planning and Managing Enterprise-wide GIS• Identifying User Needs and Designing GIS
Applications• Map Design (cartography)• Database Design• Basemap Development• Thematic Map Development• Map/Database Development• Map/Database Maintenance• Quality Checking and Control• Application Software Programming
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• Application Software Programming• Geoprocessing Analysis for Specific Disciplines:
O Land Use PlanningO Geology, Forestry, Natural Resource ManagementO Infrastructure Management
• Design and Create Geoprocessing Maps and Products
• GIS System Analysis• GIS System Management• Database Administration• Staff Training
What Are GIS Functions?
GIS Motivation
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GIS STAFF DUTIES
• GIS ManagerOne person must take responsibility
• Applications ProgrammerUnderstands end-user's requirements and can manipulate
the GIS tools available
• Applications AnalystKnows model variables, data factors, and the GIS
processes required for applications
• Database Designer / Database AdministratorUnderstands information's characteristics, Classifies and
maintains data systematically in the GIS database
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GIS STAFF DUTIES (cont.)
• LibrarianCatalogs and stores data compatibly with the GIS
database dictionary
• CartographerThe graphic appearance of GIS products determines
the perceived value of the GIS data
• SurveyorResolves land base registration &
property parcel/lot lines
• Production & Quality Control SpecialistCorrects and updates changes to data
GIS Motivation
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GIS STAFF DUTIES (cont.)
• Lead OperatorDevelops techniques to maximize the efficiency of GIS
procedures.
• Staff TrainerAnswers questions, Shows examples,
Prepares lessons & manuals
• System AnalystTunes system performance
Makes components cooperate
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GIS SUPPORTTYPES REQUIRED
AM/GIS SUPPORT REQUIRED
YEAR
FTE
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
1 2 3 4 5 6
OPERATIONS
PROD. SUPER.
DB ADMIN.
TRAINING
APP. PROG.
LIBRARY
SYS. PROG.
MANAGER
in Full Time Equivalents (FTE)
Graph 6
GIS Motivation
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SUPPORT STAFFRAMP-UP
AM/GIS SUPPORT FULFILLED
YEAR
FTE
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
1 2 3 4 5 6
OPERATIONS
PROD. SUPER.
DB ADMIN.
TRAINING
APP. PROG.
LIBRARY
SYS. PROG.
MANAGER
EXTERNAL
INTERNAL
in Full Time Equivalents (FTE)
Graph 8b
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LEVERAGE STAFF TRAINING
•Train Core Staff to Operate Core System
•Develop User Training Materials
•Core Staff Trains Key Departmental Users
•Key Users Help Other Departmental Users
GIS Motivation
GIS Consultants, Oakland, CA Page 15
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What is Missing?
• A Credible Plan to the End of the Tunnel
• Highly Useful ApplicationsO critical to the organization
• Staffing, Training, Budgetary Support
• Re-design of Business ProcessO still automating paper processes?
• Participation & Cooperation from Peers, Staff Managers
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ManualDATA FLOW
Figure III-1Information Flow between Agencies
Financial Service
CITYDDS
Parks and Recreation
DPW Fire
PoliceCity Clerk
City DP
Emergency ServicesPrivate Firms
San Luis
Recorder
AO
YPG
YMPOFederal USGS &
Census
CountyDDS
YCWUA
Y-MIGNGIGYIG
State of AZBOR
USBR
BLM
MCAS
Airport Authority
Fish and Wildlife
Sheriff
County DP
GIS Motivation
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AUTOMATION vs INFORMATION
• Reproduce Manual Methods –> AM
vs
• Redesign Internal Processes –> GIS
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Automated INFORMATION FLOW
GIS Motivation
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GIS is MORE Than POWER MAPPING
GIS Capabities Enable It to Function as:• an INDEX to DATA
• a TOOL for SPATIAL ANALYSIS
• a MEANS of COORDINATION
• a CHANNEL for COMMUNICATION
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GIS is a MEANS of COORDINATION
Complex Processes with Multiple Participants
• Development Review & Permits
• Infrastructure Maintenance Management
• Emergency Response and Operations
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INTER-DEPARTMENTAL COORDINATION
Other Agencies outside city
Event
OES
OPD
OFD
OPB
OPW
State and/orFederalAgencies
HazardousMaterial
Info,Building
Floor Plan
Hazard Analysis,Census
Water Line,Storm Drain,Sewer Line
PoliceResource
Maintain Current Info for Planning
Purpose
Geological Report,
Telephone Lines, PG &
E Utility lines, EBMUD
Water Lines & Hydrants
Plans
Emergency Response
Consult & Activate Plan
CAD
Send outResource,
Support, &Aid
DeployResources
Emergency Recovery
Provide Aid
EstimateDamage & Recovery
Cost
Apply forFed Aid
Repair Streets& Utility Lines
ChangePlanning
Policy
Claim Emergency
ContactCounty,
State or Fed
EstimateDamage
Provide Services
CoordinateAdditional
Help
Call for Mutural Aid
RespondW/Aid
Provide Services
ProvideAid
ProvidePublic Info
Record Event History
ReportBack
ReportBack
ModifyEmergencyResponse
Plans
Emergency Preparedness
Send outResource,
Support, &Aid
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
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GIS COMMUNICATIONCHANNEL
GIS Motivation
GIS Consultants, Oakland, CA Page 19
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What is Missing?
• A Credible Plan to the End of the Tunnel
• Highly Useful ApplicationsO critical to the organization
• Staffing, Training, Budgetary Support
• Re-design of Business ProcessO still automating paper processes?
• Participation & Cooperation from Peers, Staff, and Managers
GIS ConsultantsGIS ConsultantsGIS Consultants
WHERE IS GIS GOING ?
• Access and Use by Non-GIS People (wwWeb)
• Greater Need to Understand Geo-Processes and Limitations (metadata)
• Organizational Restructuring to Use GIS EffectivelyO Bridging Interdepartmental BarriersO Customer-focused Work Ethic
• Organizational Therapy
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ORGANIZATIONAL THERAPY
Each person must understand and agree to the change.
• What Does the Organization Want to Be?
• Where am I in the Organization?
• What Does Each Person Need?
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WHY ARE YOU USING GIS?
• Why Were You Drawn to GIS?
• What Interests You?
• What Inspires You?
• What is Needed?
GIS Motivation
GIS Consultants, Oakland, CA Page 21
GIS ConsultantsGIS ConsultantsGIS Consultants
WHY GIS?
Bruce Joffe, AICP
GIS Consultants
Oakland, CA
510/238-9771
Personal Motivation Unlocks the Energy
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