WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Transcript of WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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S c h l um
b er g
er P
r i v a t e
Rock Mechanics and ApplicationsPore Pressure and Sanding Prediction
Data Consulting Services, Caspian
Ludovic de Labrusse, Rock Mechanics Coordinator
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Oil & Gas Show AshgabatData Consulting Services [email protected]
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Turkmenistan – Offshore & Onshore
• Overpressure Area
• Unconsolidated zone
• Sanding issue
• Unstable shale
Events experienced on the field:
Kick, well flowing,Stuck pipe, packoff,BHA lost,Sidetrack,
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Oil & Gas Show AshgabatData Consulting Services [email protected]
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Know drilling hazards
Breakouts
Hydraulic Fracture
Fractured Rock
Good hole cleaning
Wellbore Failure:Could lead toPackoff / Stuck Pipe
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Oil & Gas Show AshgabatData Consulting Services [email protected]
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Understanding the problems
Rock Mechanics is the prediction of themechanical properties of the rock.
1. Elastic Modulus – Young Modulus, Poisson’s Ratio2. Rock Strength – Friction Angle, Compressive Strength3. Stress Analysis – Pore Pressure, Min. and Max. horizontal stress,
Vertical stress
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Oil & Gas Show AshgabatData Consulting Services [email protected]
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Rock Failure versus Stress Orientation
Compression point- shear failure
- breakout
Tension point- tensile failure
- hydraulic fracture
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Oil & Gas Show AshgabatData Consulting Services [email protected]
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Mechanical Earth Model - MEM
Structure/Stratigraphy Rock Mechanical Parameters
Grain SupportFacies
Clay SupportFacies
Stratigraphy
Strength
UCS F
20 400
0 70
UCS
Friction Angle
Earth Stress &Pore Pressure
Pp S h S H S V
MPa0200Stress W N E
Stress Direction Sh
fault ?
RegionalTrend
PR E
1Poisson’sRatio
Young’sModulus
100
Elastic
1.0
0
10
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Mud Weight OptimizationMud Weight WindowFailure Modes
KickBreakouts
LossesHydraulic Fracture
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Calibration of the Modelusing offset dataDepth (m) Caliper (10-20 in) RAB images
1200.0
1220.0
1240.0
1260.0
1280.0
1300.0
1320.0
1340.0
1360.0
1380.0
1400.0
8 9 10 11 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 1 8
Mud Weight Window (ppg)
D e p t h ( m )
Te ns ile Failure Shear Failure Lo ss es
Pore Pres sure Min ECD Max ECD
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Wellbore Stability Analysis for DeviatedWell
Single Depth or Interval Analysis
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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3D Visualization 3D Modeling(Caviar, FloViz) (Eclipse)Well construction Optimization
Completion OptimizationField Development
Offset Well Information
Drilling InformationHazards, Events
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Pore Pressure introduction
Terzaghi’s effective stress principal:
Overburden = Effective Vertical Stress +Pore Pressure
OBG = σ e + PP
PorePress ure
OBG
T V D
Pressure/Stress
e
• Rock matrix does not support full load ofoverburden and horizontal stresses
• Pore Fluid supports part of the load
•The effective stress e felt by only the rockmatrix
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Pore Pressure Process
Pore Pressure Analysis
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
13 14 15 16 17 18
T V D
( f t )
OverBurden
Real Time Sonic Data
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
10 1000
T V D
( f t )
Delta T
Us/ft PPG
Transit Time DT from ISONIC or DSI OBG computed using density
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Pore Pressure Initial Calibration
Pore Pressure Analysis
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
13 14 15 16 17 18
T V D
( f t )
OverBurdenPore Pressure 1
Mud Weight
Real Time Sonic Data
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
10 1000
T V D
( f t )
Delta T
Trend1
PPGUs/ft
Connection Gas requiredincreasing MW
Draw a compaction trendline Computed Pore Pressure need Calibration
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Refine the model
Pore Pressure Analysis
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
13 14 15 16 17 18
T V D
( f t )
OverBurdenPore Pressure 1Pore Pressure 2
Mud Weight
PPGReal Time Sonic Data
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
10 1000
T V D
( f t )
Delta TTrend1
Trend2
Us/ft
Re-draw compaction trendlineCalibrate pore pressure model todrilling е vent
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Pore Pressure Final Calibration
Pore Pressure Analysis
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
13 14 15 16 17 18
T V D
( f t )
OverBurdenPore Pressure 1Pore Pressure 2Mud WeightMDTs
Real Tim e Sonic Data
15000
16000
17000
18000
19000
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
10 1000
T V D
( f t )
Delta TTrend1
Trend2
PPGUs/ft
Run wireline Formation Tester to confirm Pore Pressure model
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Sand Production
Objectives
Identify potential sanding zones
Determine sanding risks - PredictionRecommend optimum drilling, completion and
production techniques to reduce sanding problems
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Weak and unconsolidated rocks
Zero strength Very very weak Very weak Weak
Dry sand Damp sand Weakly-cemented Stronger cementhigh Φ lower Φ
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Sand Prediction in weak rock
To get sand from well or perforation:
• Stress - sand must be separated from the rock (failure)
• Flow Rate - sand must be transported
Change the geometry of completion and/or stimulate flowrate
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Sand Prediction - Methodology
Wellpressure
Reservoir pressure
No oil
Sand and oil
Just oil
Input required:
Rock mechanicpropertiesIn-situ stresses(magnitude andorientation)
Completions program
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8/17/2019 WestGeco Labrusse ENG SLB
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Oil & Gas Show AshgabatData Consulting Services [email protected]
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Sand PredictionSensitivity Analysis on input parameters
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Stress state evaluation and reservoir
characterisationReservoir performance and dynamics(coupled petrophysics)
Reservoir compaction & subsidence
Pore pressure prediction
Wellbore stability evaluation andmanagement
Mud window and ECD management
Solids control & completion design
Perforation design
Well design
Well and platform location planning, &
trajectory planningROP prediction & drilling optimization
Bit design & selection
Reservoir stimulation (frac treatments &injection)
Waste disposal (including cuttingsreinjection, NORM, liquids)
Fault activation (loss of containment & lossof wells) & induced seismicity
Underground storage (including gas, potablewater, rad waste)
Application of Rock Mechanics