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I 1 .

:

: 20V m= II 1, 0 / C mol=

20 'V m= II ' 1, 0 / C mol=

1

. 2

2 2

2 2

/ ( ) 2 ( )

/ ( ) ( ) 2

Cu Cu Cu aq e Cu aq Zn Zn Zn s Zn aq e

+ +

+ +

+ =

= +

:( )2 2( ) ( ) ( )Cu aq Zn s Zn aq Cu s+ ++ +

:364.10K =

:

2

2

, 22

( )

' '' 1( )

'

i

ir i

ii

n ZnZn C VV VQ

n Cu CVCu

V V

+

+

++

+= = = =

+

,r iQ K

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. .

2 . .

3 .

: .

2 2, ,Cu Zn K + + + .

24

,C SO .

4

:

:2( ) ( ) 2 Zn s Zn aq e+ = +

II

:2 ( ) 2 ( )Cu aq e Cu s+ + =

5 . :

2 2( ) ( ) ( ) ( )Cu aq Zn s Cu s Zn aq+ ++ +

II

. 6

.: 2Zn )1(+

:2

( ) ( ) 2 Zn s Zn aq e+ = +

2Cu ) )2+

24

SO )2(

))13 :

/ ) (

II 1

:

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1

M2

M 11

nM

+

2

2

nM

+.

.

1M2M .

11

nM

2+2

nM

+

.

.John Daniell 2

:1

1 1/

nM M

2+2 2

/n

M M+

1M

2M .

1

M 11

nM

+ :11 1 1

n M M n e

+ = +

. 2

2

nM

+ 2

M

:2

2 2 2

n M n e M

+ + =

:

2 1

2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1

n nn M n M n M n M

+ ++ +

:1 2

1 1 2 2( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

n n M s M aq M aq M s

+ +

1M .

2

2

n

M

+

. 3

: (P) (N)

E r

PNU E rI =

* ) )I

* :

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IV .. 1

: maxQ

.max ( ). . ( ).AQ n e N e n e F

= =

=1 .AF N e F 23 19 4 1

6, 02.10 1.6.10 9, 65.10 . .F C mol = =

): t S N. e. S:

.( )N e S maxt

:( )max . .Q N e N e= =

( )n e maxt :

( ) ( ). AA

Nn e N n e N

N

= = :max ( ). . ( ).AQ n e N e n e F

= =(

maxtmax max.Q I t=

maxQ

2 .

t

t >fx x :. ( ).Q I t n e F = =

3 .

: :

:2

2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Ag aq Cu s Ag s Cu aq+ +

+ + 86,0 1,5mint = I mA=

1 . 2 II .3 .