- 68 -

Chapter III

33..11 IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn

33..22 UUrrbbaann LLaanndduussee PPaatttteerrnn

33..33 UUrrbbaann LLaanndduussee CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonn

33..44 LLaanndduussee AAnnaallyyssiiss

33..55 HHoouusseehhoollddss aanndd PPooppuullaattiioonn iinn AAuurraannggaabbaadd CCiittyy

33..66 PPooppuullaattiioonn

33..77 GGrroowwtthh ooff PPooppuullaattiioonn ((11990011 ttoo 22000011))

33..88 WWaarrdd wwiissee DDiissttrriibbuuttiioonn ooff PPooppuullaattiioonn

33..99 DDeennssiittyy ooff PPooppuullaattiioonn

33..1100 ZZoonneewwiissee PPooppuullaattiioonn DDeennssiittyy

33..1111 SSeexx RRaattiioo

33..1122 LLiitteerraaccyy

33..1133 SScchheedduulleedd CCaassttee aanndd SScchheedduulleedd TTrriibbeess PPooppuullaattiioonn

33..1144 OOccccuuppaattiioonnaall SSttrruuccttuurree

33..1155 DDeeggrreeee ooff UUrrbbaann CCoonncceennttrraattiioonn

33..1166 DDeeggrreeee ooff UUrrbbaanniizzaattiioonn

Socio-Economic Characteristics of

Aurangabad City�

- 69 -

CHAPTER - III

SOCIO - ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF

AURANGABAD CITY

3.1 Introduction

The physical setup of the Aurangabad city has been studied

in the previous chapter. The development of the city from the

historical period and the various factors responsible for the growth

of the city has been studied. This chapter contains the economical

and social background of the Aurangabad city. The landuse of the

city and changes therein, increasing population and present

structure of population have also included in this chapter. The

information regarding landuse of Aurangabad city has been

collected from Municipal Corporation and Town Planning

Department. The information and data regarding population

collected from the District Census Handbooks for the year 1961,

1971, 1981 and 2001 of Aurangabad district.

Society means nothing but it is the homogenous group of

persons which possessed certain characteristics and bindings. The

structure, diversity, characteristics, nature and social stages are

included in the social factors. Social factors and the evaluation of

settlements are closely related. Human settlement is the reflection

of man’s social attitude. Man is the fundamental factor of social

structure.

According to human geographer Parpilu has expressed his

opinion “Since ancient period certain cultural and social bindings

are found on the human groups because of their social attitude.

- 70 -

Therefore, this attitude of human groups leads towards the

permanent establishment of human settlements. Main causes of

the social commitments are namely, regional or bindings and fear

regarding natural calamities, social protection in the social groups,

requirement of agricultural labour and feeling of cooperativeness,

distribution of resources available in the area, family system-

marriage, relatives and relationship, various responsibilities, social

justice and need of decision making, distribution of human

resources and work distribution, social peacefulness and need of

stability, feelings of integrity, unity and ethical value and cultural

prestige and development. Human being has to face all the

responsibility within the frame work of social structure.

Man performed various duties and functions are related to

the settlements. Therefore, social bindings and commitments are

influenced on location and development of the settlements. While

considering the evolution of society, it is essential to see the

characteristics of the society. Since long also the various social

structures are found in the different part of the world. But never

the less some important things are common everywhere in the

world, e.g. farming. It is the backbone of social economy,

landholding, co-operative farming, work distribution; rules of

ownership, these factors affect the settlements. Landlords or

Landholders have much land in different part of the area and it

leads in different part of the area and it leads formation of

settlements of labour.

Man is interested not only in economical development but

also in art, dance, music, sculpture, religion and languages.

Therefore, later era, the establishment of the settlements has its

- 71 -

base on its structure and the functions. In India, settlements have

influenced by religion, culture, languages and thinking. Because of

restriction of culture special impact can be seen on any settlement.

Internal and external structure of the town or city influences by

social and economic system. India is the only country in the world

having cultural diversity.

Mostly settlement names are based on caste and races. In

most of the towns we can see the names of Galli, Mohalla, street or

ward regarding the business. The structure of settlement can be

understand by studying human groups, social structures,

administration and other certain characteristics evaluated in the

modern settlement and towns. We can study any town by studying

historical evidences monuments caves, sculpture, house structure,

ornaments pots, grains, arts and documents. The development of

town depends upon the functions which can be observed there.

The speciality of town depends upon the functions. Some towns are

world famous for their functions and business, i.e. Allahabad,

Kashi, Baudhagaya, Banaras, Amarnath, Tirupati, Ujjain, Nasik,

Nagpur, Paithan, Pandharpur, Tuljapur, Shirdi, Shegaon, and

Kolhapur are famous for the religious purposes.

Now a days, Shirdi, Shegaon, Nagpur, Shanisingnapur,

Khultabad, and Akkalkot are in progressive stage. Madurai,

Mysore, Ichalkaranji, Solapur, Nagpur and Ahmedabad are famous

in India for Cotton textile industries. Aurangabad is a world

famous tourist centre as well as rapidly growing city in the

country. This city is well known for educational facilities,

industrialization, agricultural trading and marketing. World

heritage like Ellora and Ajintha caves are near to Aurangabad.

- 72 -

3.2 Urban Landuse Pattern

Landuse simply means the utilization of land devoted to

human activities. In any region, the land under different use has

got importance in the economy of the region. The nature of landuse

is fixed on the basis of relationships between the condition and

community within a particular time period. The land use is

dynamic concept as social needs change the landuse. The demand

of society may change in both way temporary and permanently.

The functions of urban colonies are complicated, mixed and

speedy. Hence, the geographical distribution of landuse in urban

areas is of prime interest to the geographers, urban sociologists

and city planners.

The differentiation in landuse patterns in urban areas vary

due to its locational, commercial establishments, administrative

offices, factories and residences. The rapid increase in population

and size of the urban areas are influencing land use changes. This

is particularly in case of rural sector. Urban geographers in India

have also contributed to urban landuse study, by Gist (1958),

Rajgopalan (1960), Chatterji (1965), Aslam Alam (1965) and Singh

(1966). Land use planning in urban area is a part of process of city

planning. It is basically concerned with the location, intensity and

amount of land development required for various uses namely,

industry, whole selling, business, housing, recreation, education,

religious and cultural activities of the people (Chapin, 1957).

The term ‘landuse’ can be defined as “actual use of any

piece of land” Sauer (1919) has defined land use as “The use to

which the entire land surface is put.” Land use has been changed

- 73 -

by human being from place to place and time to time. With the

human progress and increasing in population, use of land for

many purposes changed. Therefore, there has been a notable

increase of interest in the urban land and its use in recent years.

The growth of urbanization leads to the expansion of urban limit

and more intensive use of land due to competition for different

uses. Urbanization and industrialization, land devoted to

agriculture, pasture and forest enters the market for houses,

factories, offices, stores, recreation, transportation and many more.

Urbanization leads the conversion of land from agriculture

to urban use. The development over peripheral land in urban area

is responsible for population shifts and landuse changes. Due to

lack of employment and amenities in rural areas people migrate

from rural to city in order to get job in industries, service sectors,

trade and commerce. It leads to expansion of urban limit and

change in the pattern of urban landuse also.

The process of urbanization further gets momentum due to

sky rocketing in urban land and property values. The poor

encroachment and middle class resort to unauthorized colonies.

This is true to almost all urban centers of reasonable size in India.

The study of urban landuse is considered as the use of non-

agricultural land by human being for various activities.

Urbanization is also responsible for population shifts and changes

in existing urban landuse. The residential areas can get

transformed into commercial areas. Thus, study of urban landuse

is of immense value to city planners, urban researchers,

businessmen, industrialists and common people too.

- 74 -

The present chapter attempts to study the landuse pattern

of Aurangabad city and changes occurred during study period.

3.3 Urban Landuse Classification

There is no standardization in the classification of urban

landuse as adopted by different geographers and planners. The

types of land use in Indian cities as well as western cities are not

spatially distributed (Singh, 1976).

Generally, there are four major landuse categories in urban

areas i.e. agriculture, residential, commercial and industrial

(Gallion and Eisner 1965). In addition to this transport and

communication, open public places and public buildings have

added in other landuse category recognized in American cities

(Berry and Horton, 1970).

In India, the recognized urban landuse categories are of two

types. One is suggested by town planners and other by

geographers and has marginal difference in it. The town planners

very often categories urban landuse into residential, commercial,

industrial, transport and communication, public utilities, public

and semi-public use, open spaces, agricultural, vacant land and

water bodies (Gowda,1972).

Urban geographers have recognized the urban landuse

categories as the residential, agricultural, open spaces, military

lands, parks and play grounds, commercial, administrative,

educational, industrial and burial grounds (Singh, 1964, Sinha,

1970, Alam, 1972). Two major categories of urban areas namely

developed and undeveloped have introduced first by Bartholomew

(1955) for American cities.

- 75 -

In Britain, six landuse categories were recognized for urban

landuse by the government in 1950. These landuse categories are

namely, residential, administrative and commercial, industrial,

educational, open land and large establishments like the hospitals

and cantonments. At present, major landuse categories in Britain

are residential, open space, public buildings and institutions,

industrial, commercial statutory undertakers, vacant and derelict

buildings (Collions, 1965). The Britain landuse categories in urban

areas differ than that of America. In general, the public buildings

in America are public properties while in Britain and India, public

buildings are not essentially publicly own, even a privately owned

house may be called a public building if it is used by government

for official purposes.

The land use categories recognized by Planning Organization

are considered as a base for planning study. Before analyzing the

landuse pattern of Aurangabad city, it is essential to know the

meaning of certain terms used regarding landuse classification.

(i) Built-up Land

Built-up Land is defined as an area of human habitat and

other constructions developed due to non agricultural use for

various uses. Like (a) Residential of those lands which man used

for his dwelling by using bricks, cement, concrete, iron and steel,

etc. (b) Industry of the manufacturing activity exists where people

work for their livelihood. It can also define as large, medium or

small based on the capital invested in it. (c) Commercial centers

where selling of finished products is carried out for day to day.

- 76 -

At few places commercial areas can aggregate to form

definite cluster especially at the core area i.e. Central Business

District. (d) Institutional space over which educational centers,

universities, insurance offices and similar to these activities exists

and are used for the activities associated with all these land use.

(e) Recreational areas where people visit to seek entertainment like

parks, playgrounds, open or close theatres etc. (f) Transportation

spaces used for mobility by man. It includes airports, railway

stations, roads, railways, and harbors etc.

(ii) Public Utilities

This category is divided into following three classes, namely,

the educational places where knowledge is imparted like

universities, colleges, schools etc. are included in this category.

Institutional place where private business or government

transactions are carried out like insurance offices, secretariat or

corporations.

(iii) Agricultural land

It is defined as the land used for primary activity, viz.

agriculture. The land used for production of food crops and

horticultural crops as well as both to irrigated and non-irrigated

cropland, fallow and plantation also.

(iv) Wastelands

It is described as ‘degrade land’ or ‘under utilized lands’

which can be or can not be brought under cultivation. However, it

is emphasized to improve the wasteland for cultivation. Wastelands

- 77 -

have to be brought under crop, tree plantation and tree growth and

for grassland/ grazing land. Land with or without scrub on thin

soil cover have affected by salinity or coarse gravely texture or

degraded conditions leading to the growth of small and sturdy

plants and scrubs.

(v) Water Bodies

Water bodies consist of occupied with water manmade

features like reservoirs, tanks, canals or natural features like

rivers, lakes etc.

(vi) Other type of uses

The Grassland are the areas covered with naturally growing

grasses along river courses, hill slopes etc. In some urban areas,

this is being carefully maintained from commercial point of view

developed by real estate agents for construction of buildings. These

are generally located on the periphery of urban areas. This land

encroaches the agricultural land due to urbanization.

3.4 Landuse Analysis

The development of any urban centres is closely associated

with the intensive use of available land. Along with the

development of urban areas, the area under agriculture, forests or

uncultivable land get transformed into residential, industrial or

any other category of urban landuse. Sometimes, due to change in

functional importance within the city, the residential areas get

converted into commercial areas. Thus the spatial and temporal

changes occur in urban landuse pattern.

- 78 -

3.4 Landuse Analysis :

3.4.1 Landuse Pattern in 1991:

The Aurangabad Municipal Council was formed in 1936

when the geographical area of the town 54.20 sq. km. In 1982 the

council was converted into a Municipal Corporation and 18 nearby

villages were included in the city. The area of Municipal

Corporation at present is 138.5 sq.km.

Table 3.1 shows the area under different landuse categories

in Aurangabad city during the year 1991. In 1991, total

geographical area of Aurangabad city was about 13,846.85

hectares. Out of total geographical area 1993.44 hectares (14.39%)

area was developed and 535.41 hectares (3.87%) area was

underdeveloped. 11318 hectares (81.74%) area was occupied by

CIDCO (9.11%), MIDC (5.24%), No development zone (51.06%),

Additional Area (13.50%) and Overlapping Area (2.83%) in the year

1991.

Out of total developed and underdeveloped area, most

portion of land was under residential use (37.27%), the area under

public semipublic use was about 23.55%, the area under transport

and communication was 8.40% and 2.84% area was under open

spaces, play ground, parks and gardens. The lowest area

(0.87%)was found under public utility. In case of under developed

area, the area under vacant land was 15.49% whereas water

bodies occupied only 2.72%.

- 79 -

Table 3.1

Landuse Pattern in Aurangabad City, 1991

Sr. No.�

Land Use� Area in Ha.�

% to Developed

Area in Hectare�

% to Total Area in Hectare�

1� Residential� 942.40� 37.27� 6.81�

2� Commercial� 80.26� 3.17� 0.58�

3� Public - Semipublic� 595.67� 23.55� 4.30�

4� Industrial� 64.20� 2.54� 0.46�

5� Public Utility� 26.54� 1.05� 0.19�

6�Open Spaces Play ground Parks And

Gardens�71.86� 2.84� 0.52�

7�Transport and

Communication�212.51� 8.40� 1.53�

A� Total Area Developed� 1993.44� 78.83� 14.39�

8� Agriculture� 74.88� 2.96� 0.54�

9� Water Bodies� 68.87� 2.72� 0.50�

10� Vacant Lands� 391.66� 15.49� 2.83�

B�Total Undeveloped

Area�535.41� 21.17� 3.87�

� Total A+B� 2528.85� 100.00� 18.26�

11� CIDCO� 1262.00� � 9.11�

12� MIDC� 725.00� � 5.24�

13� No Development Zone� 1869.00� � 51.06�

14� Additional Area� 7070.00� � 13.50�

15� Overlapping Area� 392.00� � 2.83�

C� Total Other Area� 11318.00� � 81.74�

� Total A+B +C� 13846.85� � 100.00

Source : Draft Development Plan, Town Planning, 1983 of Aurangabad City.

Note : TGA = Total Geographical Area.

- 80 -

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1991 2010

Year

Aurangabad City

Landuse Pattern

Overlapping Area

Additional Area

No Development Zone

MIDC

CIDCO

Vacant Lands

Water Bodies

Agriculture

Transport andCommunication

Open Spaces Play groundParks And Gardens

Public Utility

Industrial

Public - Semipublic

Commercial

Residential

���������

- 81 -

3.4.2 Landuse in Year 2010

Aurangabad city has witnessed rapid growth resulting

increase in city limit. Aurangabad city was extends over 138.50

square kilometers. Area under different uses in Aurangabad city

during the year 2010 is mentioned in table 3.2. It is observed

from the table 3.2 that the total area of Aurangabad city was

about 13848 hectares. Out of this, about 17.63 percent land was

developed and underdeveloped land was 0.63%.

Out of total geographical area of the city, CIDCO occupied

9.11%, MIDC-5.24%, Additional area-13.50%, and Overlapping

area occupied 2.83%. It means developed and under-develop

area occupied 18.26% area whereas other area occupied 81.74%

land. In the category of other area included CIDCO-9.11%,

MIDC-5.24%, No development zone 51.06%, Additional area-

13.50%, overlapping area-2.83% land.

Out of total developed and under developed area, most

portion of land found under residential use (51.03%), the area

under public semipublic use was about 23.56%, the area under

transport and communication was 12.77% and 5.42% area was

under open spaces, play ground, parks and gardens. The lowest

area (0.87%) was found under commercial use. In case of under

developed area, the area under water bodies was 2.85% while the

lowest area was found under agriculture i.e. 0.28%.

- 82 -

Table 3.2 Landuse of Aurangabad City in 2010

Sr. No.�

Land Use�Area in Hectare�

% to developed

Area in Hectare�

% to total Area in Hectare�

1� Residential� 1291.00� 51.03� 9.32�

2� Commercial� 22.00� 0.87� 0.16�

3� Public Semipublic� 596.00� 23.56� 4.30�

4� Industrial� 45.00� 1.78� 0.32�

5� Public Utility� 29.00� 1.15� 0.21�

6�Open Spaces Play ground

Parks And Gardens�137.00� 5.42� 0.99�

7�Transport and

Communication�323.00� 12.77� 2.33�

A� Total Area Developed� 2443.00� 96.56� 17.63�

8� Agriculture� 7.00� 0.28� 0.05�

9� Water Bodies� 72.00� 2.85� 0.52�

10� Vacant Lands� 8.00� 0.32� 0.06�

B� Total Undeveloped Area� 87.00� 3.44� 0.63�

� Total A+B� 2530.00� 100.00� 18.26�

11� CIDCO� 1262.00� � 9.11�

12� MIDC� 725.00� � 5.24�

13� No Development Zone� 7070.00� � 51.06�

14� Additional Area� 1869.00� � 13.50�

15� Overlapping Area� 392.00� � 2.83�

C� Total Other Area� 11318.00� � 81.74�

� Total A+B +C� 13848.00� � 100.00

Source : Draft Development Plan, Town Planning 2001 of Aurangabad City.

Note : TGA = Total Geographical Area

- 83 -

(20

10)

��������

- 84 -

3.4.3 Changes In Landuse Pattern

There are certain changes have been observed in the

landuse pattern of Aurangabad city. (Table 3.1 and 3.2)

It is found that developed area of Aurangabad city has

increased from 1050.57 hectares in the year 1969 to 1993.44

hectares in 1991. Further it has been increased upto 2443.00

hectares in the year 2010. The total area of the city was 54.40

sq. km in 1981 and it has been rapidly increased upto 138.50 sq.

km. in 1991 and 2001. This trend shows the tremendous growth

in the area of the city.

(i) Residential landuse

Aurangabad is the rapidly growing city in the state. People

of the surrounding are especially from Marathwada region prefer

to reside in Aurangabad. Residential landuse has shared

considerable proportion of the urban land. About 328.70

hectares area of city was under residential use in 1981. In 1991,

total residential area of the city was 942.40 hectares and it

increased upto 1291 hectares in 2010 except CIDCO area. Thus,

during the period of last three decades, residential area has

increased by more than four times. In 1991, existing residential

areas was mainly concentrated in Gulmandi, Aurangpura,

Sarafa, Paithan Gate, City Chowk, Shahaganj, Begampura,

Jaysingpura, Pahadsingpura, Bhavsingpura, Osmanpura,

Padampura, Naralibag, Jubilee Park, Samarath Nagar,

Kotwalpura and nearby areas.

Padegaon, Mitmita, Pradnyanagar, Bhimnagar,

Garampani, Harshnagar, Dhanmandi, Bhoiwada, Bayjipura,

- 85 -

Khokadpura, Dattnagar, Gautamnagar, Shahanurwadi,

Garkheda, Naregaon, Ambedkaranagar, Mukundwadi,

Chikalthana, these slums are found in the city. The low class

residents have found in Noor Colony, Shantipura, Kutubpura,

Ekta Nagar, Asha Nagar, Arjun Nagar, Amrapalinagar,

Mohemudpura, Sundar nagar, Nageshwarwadi, Bhavani Nagar,

Kailashnagar, Telangwada, dada colony, sillekhana, husen

colony, Pundliknagar, Netaji Nagar, Srikrishnagar, Missarwadi,

Shahunagar, Bajrang Nagar, Gadhenagar, Vithkheda,

Rahulnagar, Hamalwada, Nagsen Nagar, Milind Nagar, Gadge

Nagar, Kabir Nagar, Krantinagar, Kokanwadi, Aman Colony,

Harsool, Rojabag, Fulenagar, Shahabajar, Faijalpura, and

Rashidpura.

After 1991, the process of urbanization in Aurangabad city

became very fast. Aurangabad is a place of regional headquarter

of Marathwada region so headquarters of many government

officials, developed industrial zones, educational institutes,

entertainment facilities, marketing facilities, banking facilities,

good types of social amenities, water availability, and

transportation facilities have attracted many people from outside

to settle in Aurangabad city. Due to migration and natural

growth, population of Aurangabad has increased rapidly.

Consequently, number of new residential areas came into

existence in recent period. By the year 2010, area under

residential use has increased upto 1665.50 hectares including

residential area developed by CIDCO.

To fulfill the needs of growing population involve in the

various sector, CIDCO was setup by a government agency. Most

- 86 -

of the objectives setup by CIDCO, to develop a new city with a

healthy urban environment, to meet the need of rapid

urbanization, which has taken place due to fast development of

industries in Aurangabad and to prevent congestion in the old

city of Aurangabad. At present New Aurangabad means CIDCO

occupied 1262 hectares area for the city development purpose.

CIDCO has been established in 1973 for the development of New

Aurangabad.

New Aurangabad city has today a population of nearly 5

lakh. The development done by CIDCO. The development done by

CIDCO in Aurangabad has prevented unplanned, unauthorized

slums from cropping up. As an impact of urbanization, houses

density has increased earlier residential areas. Moreover,

number of new colonies came into existence on agriculture,

barren and rocky land.

The old as well as newly developed residential areas have

major features. (i) In old Aurangabad locality, high class

residents have found in Gulmandi, Aurangpua, Paithangate, City

Chowk, Nirala Bajar, Sarafa, Samarath Nagar, Jaysingpura,

Mondha Naka, Nandanvan Colony, and Khokadpura, which are

near to Central Business District zone. (ii) In new Aurangabad,

planned residential colonies have been found like CIDCO N-1, N-

2, N-3, N-4, N-8, Mhada Colony, Sahkar Colony, Bansilal Nagar,

and locality along Jalna road, Beed bypass, and Paithan road.

(iii) Industrial development have noticed along the Aurangabad-

Pune road, Jalna road, Railway station road resulting new

residential belts, along the road side.

- 87 -

(iv) Aurangabad Pune highway, Aurangabad Mumbai

highway, Aurangabad–hyderabad highway, Aurangabad Jalgaon

Highway, Aurangabad –Nagpur highway, Aurangabad-

Chalisgaon highway, Aurangabad Beed highway as and major

roads have passed through Aurangabad city. In order to divert

the heavy traffic from central parts to outside, the ring road has

been constructed. It lies outside the central part of city.

Considerable area under agricultural use has been transformed

into residential use. In recent years, number of new colonies or

residential areas have grew up outside the city comprising of

Kanchanwadi, Waluj Pandharpur, Chikalthana, Satara,

Padegaon, Mitmita, Harsool, Jadhavwadi, Garkheda. (v) The

administrative offices are lying in the middle part of the

Aurangabad. Zilla Parishad and Panchayat Samiti are located in

Aurangpura, S.P. office, A.M.C, Collectorate, Commissioner

Office is located on Station Road.

These major administrative units are attracting people to

settle down nearby this area. (vi) Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar

Marathwada Universiy and many higher government and private

educational institutions and schools have established nearby

administrative complex, hence people attract to reside nearby.

(vii) Gulmandi, Aurangpura, Shahaganj, Osmanpura,

Begampura, City chowk, Ghati, Bhavsingpura, Bhimnagar are

some of the densely populated area in the city. (viii) The core

part of Aurangabad city like Gulmandi, Nirala Bajar,

Aurangpura, Shahaganj, Paithangate, Canaught Place Jalna

road, TV Centre, City Chowk, Kranti Chowk, Jubilee Park, Tilak

Road are recognized as residential as well as commercial zones.

- 88 -

Residential

Map 3.2

- 89 -

(ix) There are 170 slums in the city. Among them fifty

three slums are declared slums and 117 slums are undeclared

slum. They have existed through unauthorized encroachment on

government land. Some of the major slums of the city known as

Bhavsingpura, Bhimnagar, Ramanagar, Gautamnagar,

Rahulnagar, Banewadi, Jadhavwadi, Mukundwadi, Waninagar,

Harshnagar Ashanagar, Ambedkarnagar, Ghati, Bhujbalnagar,

Bhavani nagar, Begampura, Osmanpura, Garkheda, Satara,

Naregaon, Karnapura, Padampura, Kotwalpura, Shantipura etc.

The slums of Aurangabad are characterized by dilapidated

houses, over-crowded, poor economy and sanitation and

unhealthy environment.

(x) In Aurangabad city, CIDCO has developed 1262 hectares

area, out of that, 374.50 hectares has been developed for the

residential purpose.

(ii) Commercial Landuse

Trade and commercial activity plays a vital role in urban

economy and process of urbanization. Aurangabad city is known

for trade and commerce. During 1991, 80.26 hectares land was

contributed to commercial use accounting 3.17%. On the whole

in last twenty years, area under commercial use was increased

by 30.08 hectares. In 2010, total area under the commercial use

was about 110.34 hectares. The area under commercial purpose

has increased mainly due to 66.59 hectares commercial land

developed by CIDCO, commercial area in MIDC 21.71 hectares

and 22 hectares commercial area in old city.

Agriculture produce market yard was located in Mondha

- 90 -

area near Jalna road. This agriculture produce market yard has

been shifted in Jadhavwadi which is fronting on Jalgaon road.

Old Mondha market area is likely to be used for local shopping.

There are three markets in the city. One near Jafargate, it is held

on Sunday. The other weekly market is Pir-bazar in Osmanpura

and it is held on Monday. Third weekly market is located in

Chikalthana and it is held on Friday.

Whole sale vegetable market developed at Shahaganj.

Municipal Corporation has developed five vegetable markets.

These markets are located in Shahaganj, Aurangpura mandai,

railway station near sale tax office, Pir-bazar and Supari

Hanuman road. There is no separate fruit market in the city,

however many fruit stall are established near Aurangpura Bhaji

market, Paithan Gate, Osmanpura Road, Railway Station Games

and Jalna road.

There are eight shopping centres developed in the city

under Aurangabad Municipal Corporation. These shopping

centres are located in Shahaganj (156 shops), Nizamuddin Darga

road (17 shops), Jafargate (23 shops), Aurangpura (34 shops),

Pirbazar (11 shops), Sabjimandi (37 shops), Railway station (31

shops), Nath Super Market (31 shops). At present there are four

Malls has been established in the city. Mega market mall is

located on Kranti chowk to Railway station road, Big Bazar and

More Malls are located near Akashwani on Jalna road and very

big - Prozon mall is located in CIDCO N-1 near API corner.

Mutton markets is located in Lotakaranja, Rajabazar,

Shahabajar, Motikaranja, Sillekhana, Mukundwadi and

Osmanpura.

- 91 -

During 20 to 25 years period, this city has witnessed rapid

changes in commercial activities. During this period the old

commercial areas have further developed and modified. Newly

shopping complexes and individual new shops have been

established. In central parts of Aurangabad city, Gulmandi,

Aurangpura, Shahaganj, Osmanpura, City chowk, Railway

station road, these area shows fast demand for commercial

activity and therefore area under old residential houses have

been transformed into wholesale or retail shops.

In addition to this, new commercial areas have came up

like new agricultural product market committee complex

established in Jadhavwadi near Jalgaon Road, TV Centre,

Canaught place in CIDCO, Jalna Road and Nirala Bajar have

opened various shops, namely, shoe, cloth, general stores and

medicine shops and stationery stores.

The many lodges, hotels and restaurants are situated in

the vicinity of bus stand. The belt extending Baba Petrol Pump to

Chikalthana has found shops of agricultural equipment,

hardware and electric tools. Near Gulmandi and Nirala Bazar

have numerous electrical and electronic shops beside steel

furniture and agricultural equipment shops.

(iii) Industrial Landuse

Manufacturing is the principal sector responsible for

progressive development of the city. Trade and commerce,

transport and communication are the other sectors which

develop as natural consequences of the development of

manufacturing sector. Therefore, study of industry, trade and

- 92 -

commerce as well as transport and tourism activities became

relevant for the present study.

The development of Aurangabad city has been mainly on

account of industrial development in MIDC estate at railway

station road, Chikalthana, Waluj, Shendra and Certain industrial

growth taking place along Paithan road, Beed Road, Jalna road

and some small industrial units developed in scattered locations

in the city.

Industrial activity in Aurangabad city plays a major role in

urban economy showing positive relation between

industrialization and urbanization. Industrial activity works as a

pull factor of urban population growth. Industries provide job

opportunities to people get attracted towards industry and

further for settled down. Thus, industrial growth causes rapid

change in urban landuse pattern by occupying cultivable land,

forest or barren land for the establishment of industries and

residents for factory workers in study area. Industrial estates in

developed area of Aurangabad in 1991 was 64.20 hectares

accounting 2.54 percent to the total developed and undeveloped

area. It is decreased upto 45 hectares accounting 1.78% to the

developed and undeveloped area in 2010. Details about

industrial growth of the city are depicted in table 3.3.

In 1960, about 34.95 hectares area was under industrial

activity which was found near railway station and other places in

the city. In 1970, Chikalthana MIDC was established and it had

occupied 719.68 hectares land. Further Waluj MIDC was

established in 1983 which occupied 1563.27 hectares area and

- 93 -

in 1998 Shendra MIDC (SEZ) was established which occupied

902.88 hectares area. It means at present about 3220.78

hectares area is under industrial activity in Aurangabad city and

surroundings.

Table 3.3

Industrial Areas in Aurangabad City

Sr. No.�

Industrial Area�Year of

Establishment�Area in

Hectares�

1�Industrial Area -Railway Station

Road�1960� 34.95�

2� Chikalthana� 1970� 719.68�

3� Waluj MIDC� 1983� 1563.27�

4� Shendra� 1998� 902.88�

Total area� 3220.78

Source: District Industrial Centre and MIDC Office, Aurangabad

(iv) Public and Semi-public Sector

This category includes area under government offices,

institutes, hospitals and lands reserved by government for

specific purpose. In 1991, this 595.67 hectares attributing 4.30

percent of geographical area. The area under public and semi

public sector has not shown remarkable change during the

period of investigation. The administrative offices are lying in the

middle part of the Aurangabad city. Zilla Parishad and

Panchayat Samiti are located in Aurangpura. S.P. office, A.M.C,

Collectorate and Commissioner Office are located on Bus Stand

to Delhi Gate Road.

- 94 -

(v) Area Under Public Utility

Area under public utility comprises the area used for

construction of water purification plants, overhead tanks,

drainage, electricity supply stations, fire brigade stations, etc.

The area under public utility category was 26.54 hectares

accounting 0.19% to total geographical area in 1991 and it is

increased upto 29 hectares accounting 0.21% to total

geographical area in 2010.

(vi) Area under Transport and Communication

Transport and communication play vital role in the

development of city. Transport and communication facilities

leads towards the urbanization and development of the city. The

space occupied by bus stand, railway station, roads, railways,

airport, communication complexes has occupied 212.51 hectares

area accounting 1.53% to total geographical area in 1991. Along

with the expansion of city transport and communication have

increased upto 323.00 hectares area accounting 2.33% in 2010.

The share of area under transport and communication to total

geographical area increased during the study period.

(vii) Area under Open Spaces, Gardens, Play and Fair

Grounds

According to 1991 landuse, 71.86 hectares area

accounting 0.52% to total geographical had occupied under open

spaces, garden, plays and fair grounds. After 1991, area under

this category has increased considerably in 2010, 137 hectares

of land was occupied by this landuse category accounting 0.99

percent of the total geographical area.

- 95 -

There are many gardens developed in the city by the

Municipal Corporation i.e. Sidharth Garden, Nehru Balodyan,

Kranti Chowk Udyan, Nandanvan Udyan, Majnu Hill Garden,

Canaught place garden etc. Shivaji Maidan, Garware stadium,

Sanskritik Maidan, Aurangabad Cricket Association's Maidan-

N2, CIDCO, Divisional Sports Complex, Garkheda, Amkhas

Maidan, Karnapura fair ground, university ground, PES ground,

District Police Ground, these are the playgrounds and open

space in the city.

(viii) Area under Water Bodies and Vacant Lands

In 1991, 459.87 hectares land was occupied by water

bodies and vacant land. The Kham river passes through the city

and formed vacant land. This vacant lands have found non-

residential use but later period this area have encroached by

slum dwellers. It is interesting to note that even after the

extension of city limit the area under water bodies and vacant

lands has decreased upto 95 hectares area under this category in

2010. The area under vacant land is considerably decreased in

the city due to the transformation of the vacant land into

residential, commercial and other purposes during study period.

(ix) Area under Agriculture

In 1991, as compared to total geographical area only

0.54% (74.88 hectares) area was found under agriculture use.

Further in 2010, the agricultural area considerably reduced upto

0.05% (8 hectares) to the total geographical area of the city.

Even today, the vast portion of the outer zone, located

between outer limits of the city to Beed bypass and Cambridge

- 96 -

High School to Harsool Bypass is devoted to agriculture and

forests. Since last two decade, it was noticed that, the area under

agriculture rapidly transformed to area under residential use,

industries and public and semi-public sector. It means the

agricultural land have transformed into built-up area in

Aurangabad city.

3.5 Households and Population in Aurangabad City

Aurangabad city has occupied 138.50 square kilometers

total geographical area. Aurangabad is the biggest city according

to area and population in Marathwada region. Table 3.4 shows

the number of houses, families and total male female population

in Aurangabad city. It is noticed that the number of families are

more than the number of houses.

Table 3.4

Households and Population in Aurangabad City

Decade�Number of Households�

Male Population�

Female Population�

Total Population�

1961� 21354� 47322� 40257� 87579�

1971� 37965� 82252� 68231� 150483�

1981� 55390� 159980� 138957� 298937�

1991� 116486� 305372� 267900� 573272�

2001� 167081� 459295� 414016� 873311

��� ���������� �������������������������������������� ����

- 97 -

The difference in the ratio of families and houses is

significant. In 1961, total numbers of households were 21354

and the total population of the city was 87579. The numbers of

households are increasing right from 1961 to 2001 in the city.

In 2001, there are 167081 households having total 873311

populations in Aurangabad city. According to 2001 census the

difference between the number of families and number of houses

was remarkable.

Table 3.5

Houses Construction and Duration

Group� Duration� Houses Construction�

A� Above 60 years� 19253�

B� 40 to 60 years� 28425�

C� 20 to 40 years� 44476�

D� Below 20 years� 59595�

E� Temporary� 8714

Source : Municipal Corporation, Aurangabad

Number of Households in Aurangabad City

0

40000

80000

120000

160000

1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Year

Po

pu

lati

on

����������

- 98 -

The data regarding age structure of the houses were

collected to find out the age based structure condition of

Aurangabad city. The houses of the city have classified into five

groups. Group-A included the houses built before 60 years,

group-B consists of the houses of 40 to 60 years, group-C

included the houses of 20 to 40 years age group, group D

included the houses of below 20 years age group and the last

group E included the temporary houses. According to table 3.5

most of houses have fallen in A & B-groups.

12.00 percent houses were found in above 60 years age

group followed by 40 to 60 years age group which accounting

17.71 percent houses of the Aurangabad city. In Aurangabad

27.52 percent houses were found in 20 to 40 years age group.

About 37.14 percent houses constructed in last 20 years.

Numbers of temporary houses were very few in the city. Only

5.43 percent houses were found temporary in the city during the

period of investigation. 29.71 percent houses of the city having

above 40 years age group and below 40 years age group only

64.66 percent houses were found during the study period. Old

houses are mostly found in the central part of the city and the

newly constructed houses are found in the surrounding parts

and new colonies especially Garkheda, Nandanwan Colony,

CIDCO, HUDCO and Beed bypass and Paithan road of the city.

3.6 Population

Population is the main factor which affects the progress

and development of the city. The study of population is

concerned with the number of people in a specific geographical

area, their growth and composition. Fertility, mortality and

- 99 -

migration are three basic factors affecting population growth.

The age structure, marriage and family formation and health

condition determine the population growth pattern. The

economic, sociological, psychological, geographical and genetic

factors act as the “determinants and consequences” of change in

population structure. The study of population and the

characteristics of population in terms of size and composition are

also very essential for various administrative purposes.

For the detailed study of population characteristics of

Aurangabad city, the ward wise population of the census year

1981, 1991 and 2001 has taken into consideration. However the

population features are discussed separately for each decade,

ward wise distribution of population have not studied due

boundaries and ward numbers are not fixed. Distribution of ward

and area occupies by each wards are not available for 1981 and

1991. As per Census 2001 the population of Aurangabad city is

873311. The population as per Census 1961 was 87579. During

the last four decade the population of Aurangabad city raised

more than 9 times. It shows tremendous positive change in the

growth of population.

3.7 Growth of Population (1901-2001)

The phenomenon of population growth has a special

significance. Population growth has played a significant role in a

region’s economic development, social awakening, historical and

cultural background, and political ideology. Population growth is

pivotal to the region’s demographic dynamism. The

understanding of population growth holds the key to the

understanding of the entire demographic structure of the area.

- 100 -

Table 3.6

Population Growth of Aurangabad City (1901 to 2001)

Year� Population� Absolute Change�Decadal Growth

Rate (%)�

1901� 28837� -- --

1911� 26902� -1935 -6.71

1921� 29876� 2974 11.05

1931� 29288� -588 -1.97

1941� 41644� 12356 42.19

1951� 57949� 16305 39.15

1961� 87579� 29630 51.13

1971� 150483� 62904 71.83

1981� 298937� 148454 98.65

1991� 573272� 274335 91.77

2001� 873311� 300039 52.34

Source: District Census Handbook, Aurangabad District.

Population Growth in Aurangabad City

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Year

Po

pu

lati

on

����������

- 101 -

Table 3.6 indicates that, in 1901 the population of

Aurangabad City was 28837. It decreased in 1911 & 1931 mainly

due to frequently occurring famines and epidemic diseases such

as plague, malaria, smallpox, and influenza. Since 1931,

population of Aurangabad city is continuously increasing with

fluctuating decadal growth rates. During 1921 to 1931, it

decreased by 1.97 percent.

The Aurangabad Municipal Council was formed in 1936. At

that time, nearby settlements were merged into the municipal

council limit. Therefore, this decade witnessed highest (42.91%)

population growth rate. It again decreased very sharply in the

decade 1951 upto 39.15%.

After 1961, the population of Aurangabad city constantly

increased upto 1991. Each decade shows average 16%

population growth between 1961 to 1991. In 1982, the municipal

council was converted into a Municipal Corporation and 18 nearby

villages were included in the city. The area of Municipal

Corporation at present is 138.5 sq.km. Because of that the

population of the city increased by 98.65% in the decade of 1981.

Further it had been increased by 91.77% in the census 1991.

Comparatively the high growth rate during this period

appeared due to the growth of industries, educational facilities,

recreational facilities, increase in infrastructural facilities in

Aurangabad city. According to 2001 census, the population of

the city has increased but the population growth rate decreased

upto 52.33% decadal growth rate as compared to 1991 census

- 102 -

growth rate. Population growth of Aurangabad city consists of

natural growth and migration from outside particularly in search

of job. This appears to be a floating population of seasonal

workers, skilled and unskilled worker working in construction

and factory migrated from the district as well as from

Marathwada region and Maharashtra.

3.8 Ward wise Distribution of Population

For the intensive study of the population of Aurangabad

city, Ward-wise population and number of households has been

considered. Ward-wise distribution of population and total

number of households in 1981, 1991 and 2001 are given in table

3.7. It shows total population of Aurangabad city was 299897

with 55,390 household in 1981. The population was distributed

in 57 wards.

In 1981, the highest population was found in ward no.41

(Shahabazar) which was 16404 population followed by ward no.

10 (Jaysingpura) and it was 15940 population. The least

population was found in ward no.19 (Shivneri Colony) which was

1982 and second lowest population was observed in ward no. 28

(Nehrunagar) and it was 2433.

It is observed that, there were 40 wards having below

5000 population and 14 wards having 5000 to 10000 population

in 1981. Only 3 wards were having more than 10,000 population

according to 1981 census.

In 1991, the highest population was found in ward no.11

(Bhadkalget) and its population was 47557 followed by ward no.

- 103 -

59 (Ajabnagar, Khokadpura) and its population was 33814. The

least population was found in ward no.5 (Asifia Colony) and the

population was 3245 and second lowest population was observed

in ward no. 29 (Ganesh Colony) and it was 3387.

It is observed that, there were 14 wards having below

5000 population and 32 wards having population between 5000

to 10000 in the year 1991. In 1991, there were 14 wards having

more than 10,000 population. It shows the increasing population

of the wards as compared 1981 census position.

In 2001, the highest population was recorded in ward

no.16 (Mayur nagar) and its population was 42791 followed by

ward no. 46 (Altamash Colony) and its population was 26163.

The least population was found in ward no.83 (Kundliknagar)

and the population was 3202 and second lowest population was

noticed in ward no. 81 (Jaybhavani nagar) and it was 4389 .

It is found that, there were 5 wards having below 5000

population and 45 wards having population between 5000 to

10000 in 1991. In 2001, there were 33 wards having more than

10,000 population. It shows the increasing population of the

wards as compared 1991 census position.

On the whole, in 1981, there were 40 wards of below 5000

population and it decreased upto 5 wards in 2001. In 1981, there

were 14 wards which having the population between 5000 to

10000 and it tremendously increased upto 45 wards in 2001. In

1981 there were only 3 wards having above 10000 population

but it is significantly increased upto 33 wards in 2001.

- 104 -

Table 3.7 Ward-wise Population and Number of Households

1981� 1991� 2001�

Ward No.� N.H. S.� Population� Ward No.�N.H. S.� Population� Ward No.�N.H. S.� Population�

1 1224 6484 1 2609 12684 1 2103 11304

2 967 5884 2 1096 5148 2 1812 10506

3 1126 5320 3 1608 7994 3 1325 8067

4 631 3213 4 1408 8864 4 2873 15938

5 1754 9285 5 519 3245 5 3370 17159

6 909 5830 6 857 4672 6 1819 9124

7 648 3837 7 6704 29299 7 3961 19927

8 808 4720 8 1431 7284 8 2583 12525

9 1519 8948 9 2946 12957 9 2395 12409

10 3008 15940 10 1239 5520 10 1532 7713

11 1186 6846 11 11572 47557 11 2695 12136

12 688 4458 12 3580 21895 12 3968 18887

13 357 2630 13 1963 11664 13 4125 18390

14 783 4615 14 1044 5959 14 3951 17340

15 422 2651 15 1283 7160 15 1893 8353

16 494 2892 16 1116 6736 16 9097 42791

17 526 3777 17 863 5429 17 4891 23995

18 453 3206 18 976 6809 18 1857 8762

19 264 1982 19 903 5518 19 2638 12471

20 494 3052 20 1687 8200 20 2478 11276

21 662 3753 21 1448 7469 21 2625 12171

22 597 3984 22 1663 8783 22 1958 8726

3 846 4600 23 1223 7246 23 2175 11017

24 454 2969 24 1681 6794 24 2342 11020

25 470 2587 25 1007 4469 25 1344 8501

26 440 2453 26 807 4430 26 1871 11206

27 491 2967 27 588 3586 27 1710 8682

28 357 2433 28 770 4255 28 1869 9717

29 479 3097 29 673 3387 29 1533 9542

30 593 4109 30 965 4527 30 2177 12727

Continued ...

- 105 -

1981 1991 2001

Ward No. N.H. S. Population Ward No. N.H. S. Population Ward No. N.H. S. Population

31 610 3455 31 900 5267 31 2074 9520

32 551 3251 32 924 7092 32 1376 7140

33 500 2749 33 561 3764 33 1517 8212

34 665 3614 34 689 4651 34 1350 6822

35 711 3601 35 906 5366 35 1691 7596

36 1058 5774 36 1625 9196 36 1563 8740

37 1966 9373 37 3706 17142 37 1930 9843

38 724 3090 38 4256 20897 38 1402 6896

39 594 2845 39 1587 7301 39 1004 5971

40 555 3373 40 1417 6752 40 1124 6813

41 3165 16404 41 1038 6105 41 1771 11267

42 976 4811 42 941 4955 42 1488 8509

43 398 2280 43 694 3317 43 1409 6632

44 548 3384 44 1765 8528 44 2278 11703

45 1040 6079 45 1152 6262 45 3417 15729

46 1641 8579 46 1526 6480 46 4456 26163

47 912 4776 47 1428 7432 47 2632 11847

48 1092 5639 48 1613 6594 48 3102 13747

49 837 4173 49 3102 16243 49 2924 12875

50 1238 6866 50 1008 6340 50 1720 7793

51 2662 12064 51 1395 6684 51 1673 7366

52 1041 6192 52 1065 4822 52 2383 11489

53 1761 8957 53 1505 8424 53 1801 8585

54 1437 7141 54 2447 12617 54 1537 7383

55 1314 7615 55 763 3618 55 2596 14271

56 2142 7271 56 1588 8276 56 1158 6632

57 1602 7059 57 3123 14720 57 2660 15792

58 6637 28300 58 1672 9385

59 8273 33814 59 1051 5471

60 2623 12773 60 860 4444

Total 55390 298937 116486 573272 Continued to next page

- 106 -

�

2001

Ward No. N.H. S. Population

61 1125 7287

62 1100 6499

63 1586 7771

64 1411 7096

65 1798 9570

66 998 7451

67 911 6291

68 1215 7531

69 1222 7594

70 1896 12590

71 720 4869

72 1608 10595

73 1979 12559

74 1519 9050

75 1196 8189

76 1244 8559

77 1206 8566

78 831 4746

79 1079 6363

80 1410 7863

81 648 4389

82 1285 7463

83 505 3402

Total 167081 873311

Source : Census of India, 2001

NHS - Number of Households

- 107 -

3.9 Density of Population

One of the most common methods of areal distribution is

population density. It can be express in several forms by

denometer. There are several types of density of population viz.

Economic density, arithmetic density, physiological density,

caloric density etc. The simple ratio between total population and

the total geographical area and expressed in terms of persons per

unit of area was designated as arithmetic or general density. In

other words it is sometimes also called as the ratio of population

and area of a particular place, region or country. This is also

known as arithmetic density or simple arithmetical population

density. Besides the temporal variation, the intra-urban pattern

of density distribution is of great geographical significance for

the reconstruction and planning of towns.

Density of population is the most revealing and is useful

tool for the analysis of diversity in city. It is helpful for

implementation of schemes related to residence, health,

education, trade, transportation network, agriculture, etc. Thus,

knowledge of population density can play an important role for

better urban planning. Population density is one of the basic

element of urban form as the size, structure, age of the cities are

often expressed in urban growth and has its influence on urban

density. The population density greatly affect on the urban

landuse and land values.

The population density of Aurangabad city was changed

from 1961 to 2001 because of changes in urban areas. Average

population density of Aurangabad city for the Census 1961 to

2001 is shown in table 3.8.

- 108 -

Table 3.8

Population Density of Aurangabad City

Years� Population�Area in Square

Kilometers�Population Density

( Sq. Km.)�

1961� 87579� 40.87� 2143�

1971� 150483� 40.79� 3689�

1981� 298937� 54.20� 5455�

1991� 573272� 138.5� 4139�

2001� 873311� 138.5� 6305

Source : District Census Handbook, Aurangabad District.

Population Desity of Aurangabad City

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Year

Den

sity in

Per

Sq.K

M

����������

- 109 -

Table 3.8 indicates the average population density of

Aurangabad city it was 2143 persons per square kilometers in

1961. It increased to 3689 and 5455 persons per square

kilometers in 1971 and 1981 respectively. In 1982, the

Municipal Corporation limit extended by 84.30 square kilometers

and total area of the city increased upto 138.50 square

kilometers.

Due to extension in area of the city, population density is

found decreasing in succeeding year 1991 as compared to

population density in 1981. In 1991, density was 4139 persons

per square kilometers while in the year 2001, population density

increased to 6305 persons per square kilometers.

3.10 Zonewise Population Density

The population density differs from zone to zone. It can be

observed from following table.

Table 3.9

Zonewise Population Density in Aurangabad City, 2001

Sr. No.

Zone Population Density

per hectare

1 A 84

2 B 223

3 C 270

4 D 211

5 E 589

6 F 242

Source: Calculated by Researcher

- 110 -

The table 3.9 shows that, population density is high (589

persons per hectare) in Zone E as compared to other wards. Zone

E consists of Masnatpur, Chikalthana, Vidhyanagar, Nayanagar,

N - 3, N - 4, Cidco, S. T. Colony, N - 2, Cidco, Dnyaneshwar

Colony, Mukundwadi, Sanjay Nagar, Mukundwadi, Ramnagar,

Kamgar Colony, Vithalnagar, Chikalthana, Mukundwadi,

Ambikanagar, Mukundwadi, Jaibhawaninagar, Cidco,

Bharatnagar, Matoshrinagar, Garkheda, Pundliknagar,

Kalpataru Colony, and Balkrishnanagar. On the contrary, Zone A

has only 84 persons per hectare which is the least density as

compared to other zones. Zone A consists of Harsool,

Wankhedenagar N-13, Asifiya Colony Dilras Colony, Begumpura,

Bhavsingpura, Padegaon, Shantipura, Jaisinghpura,

Bhadkalgate, Ghati Parisar Asifiya Colony, Vishwasnagar,

Harshnagar, Lotakaranja Chelipura, Kabadipura, Chowk,

Uddhilane, Khadkeshwar and Kotwalpura.

Ward-wise population density of Aurangabad city is given in

Table 3.10 for the year 2001. The highest population density

1,472 persons per hectare are noticed in ward no.74

(Dnyaneshwar Colony, Mukundwadi). The second highest

population density was observed in ward no.82 (Bharat nagar,

Garkheda) which is 1309. On the other hand, lowest density of

population having 4 persons per hectare is found in ward no.1

(Harsool) which is located in north part of city. The most land of

this ward is dominated by agricultural activity. However second

lowest population density was observed in ward no.5 (Asifia

colony) having 6 persons per hectare. The density of population

is high in central part of the city near C.B.D. and surrounding

area.

- 111 -

Table 3.10

Ward wise Population Density in Aurangabad City, 2001

Ward Number�

Area in Hectare�

Total Population�

Population Density / Hectare�

Ward Number�

Area in Hectare�

Total Population�

Population Density / Hectare�

1� 2894.80� 11304� 4� 25� 15.36� 8501� 554�

2� 597.88� 10506� 18� 26� 67.52� 11206� 166�

3� 295.12� 8067� 27� 27� 247.04� 8682� 35�

4� 458.70� 6717� 15� 28� 1421.94� 9717� 7�

5� 1243.55� 7284� 6� 29� 81.45� 9542� 117�

6� 68.72� 9124� 133� 30� 250.71� 12727� 51�

7� 757.50� 19227� 25� 31� 110.82� 9520� 86�

8� 237.59� 12525� 53� 32� 24.54� 7140� 291�

9� 1059.26� 12409� 12� 33� 33.78� 8212� 243�

10� 478.13� 12136� 25� 34� 43.14� 6822� 158�

11� 335.98� 12136� 36� 35� 60.79� 7596� 125�

12� 92.13� 18887� 205� 36� 55.26� 8740� 158�

13� 147.17� 18390� 125� 37� 61.48� 9843� 160�

14� 201.84� 17340� 86� 38� 58.87� 6896� 117�

15� 63.85� 8353� 131� 39� 34.36� 5971� 174�

16� 222.50� 42791� 192� 40� 55.39� 6813� 123�

17� 66.43� 23995� 361� 41� 36.87� 11267� 306�

18� 34.39� 8762� 255� 42� 36.93� 8509� 230�

19� 36.92� 12471� 338� 43� 60.66� 6632� 109�

20� 177.70� 11276� 63� 44� 79.92� 11703� 146�

21� 67.76� 12171� 180� 45� 36.87� 15729� 427�

22� 36.94� 8726� 236� 46� 92.10� 26163� 284�

23� 61.33� 11017� 180� 47� 58.91� 11847� 201�

24� 61.35� 11020� 180� 48� 33.21� 13747� 414

c o n t d . . . .

- 112 -

Table 3.10

Ward wise Population Density in Aurangabad City, 2001

Ward Number�

Area in Hectare�

Total Population�

Population Density / Hectare�

Ward Number�

Area in Hectare�

Total Population�

Population Density / Hectare�

49� 33.22� 12875� 388� 67� 55.50� 7531� 136�

50� 49.89� 7793� 156� 68� 54.02� 7594� 141�

51� 40.57� 7366� 182� 69� 12.29� 7594� 618�

52� 27.63� 11489� 416� 70� 44.32� 12590� 284�

53� 33.18� 8585� 259� 71� 12.28� 4869� 396�

54� 128.18� 7383� 58� 72� 15.37� 10595� 689�

55� 15.37� 14271� 928� 73� 22.14� 12559� 567�

56� 15.37� 6632� 431� 74� 6.15� 9050� 1472�

57� 29.52� 15792� 535� 75� 24.60� 8189� 333�

58� 28.27� 9385� 332� 76� 18.42� 8559� 465�

59� 86.22� 5471� 63� 77� 14.75� 8566� 581�

60� 37.01� 4444� 120� 78� 18.41� 4746� 258�

61� 24.56� 7289� 297� 79� 7.37� 6363� 863�

62� 15.37� 6499� 423� 80� 14.75� 7863� 533�

63� 24.57� 7771� 316� 81� 9.84� 4389� 446�

64� 30.16� 7096� 235� 82� 18.44� 24136� 1309�

65� 73.68� 7481� 102� 83� 7.37� 3402� 462�

66� 39.29� 6291� 160� � � �

Source: Municipal Corporation, Aurangabad

- 113 -

Population density map 3.3

- 114 -

While studying the spatial variations in population density

in Aurangabad city during 2001, it is noticed that in 6 wards out

of 83 wards population density is above 600 persons per hectare.

These wards are - Jawahar Colony, Dnyaneshwar Colony-

Mukundwadi, Bharat Nagar-Matoshri nagar- Garkheda, N-2, N4-

CIDCO and Kaisar Colony. The density of population is high in

central part in city near CBD and surrounding area. The density

between 400 to 600 persons per hectare is found in 13 wards in

city center and surrounding in Rahemania colony, Avishkar

colony, Indira Nagar, Kotla nagar, ST Colony, Pundliknagar-

CIDCO, Ayodhya Nagar and Harshanagar.

Another 21 wards have recorded density between 200 to 400

persons per hectare. About 43 wards namely Harsool, Mayur

park, Yadav nagar, Wankhede nagar, Asifiya colony, Begumpura,

Bhavsingpura, Padegaon, Shantipura, Jaysingpura,

Bhadkalgate, Ghati, Vishwasnagar, Rajabag, Vivekanand nagar,

Mayur nagar, Ambedkar nagar, Misarwadi, Masnatpur, MIDC

Chikalthana, Ganesh nagar, Shatabdi nagar, Nehru nagar,

Ganesh Colony, Harshnagar Lotakaranja Khadkeshwar,

Kotwalpura, Negeshwarwadi, Bhoiwada, Aurangpura,

Paithangate, Gandhinagar, Rajabazar, Nawabpura, Sharif colony,

Kiradpura, Surana nagar, Indira nagar, Sanjay Nagar, Ajab

nagar, Khokadpura, Sillekhana, Ramnagar, Shivshankar colony,

Vishnunagar, Baudha nagar have found population density

below 200 persons per hectares. Among the 83 wards there are

11 wards which having below 50 persons per hectare population

density. These wards are Harsool, Jadhavwadi, Yadavnagar,

Wankhedenagar, Asifiya colony, Bhavsingpura, Shantipura,

Nehrunagar, Shatabdinagar, Bhadkalgate, and Jaysingpura.

- 115 -

3.11 Sex Ratio

Sex ratio is the important aspect of population

composition. It indicates the relative proportion of males and

females. It is expressed in terms of number of females per

thousand of males. It is the significant demographic and cultural

index and is very useful for the discussion of regional

characteristics. Furthermore, sex ratio can reflect the biological,

social, economic and community life which affect by large on

imbalances in sex composition. Imbalance in sex ratio originates

from various social and demographic factors such as migration,

differential births are essential to know the status of sex ratio in

study region. The sex ratio is calculated by apply following

formula

Total Female

Sex Ratio = --------------------- x 1000

Total Male

In table 3.11 shows the sex ratio of Aurangabad city for

the decade 1901 to 2001. It reveals that the Aurangabad city

witnessed large fluctuation in sex ratio. In 1901, sex ratio of

Aurangabad city was 978. It has decreased to 964 in 1911.

Initially there was slow decrease of sex ratio till 1931. In this

year there were only 916 females per 1000 of males. Then, ratio

has decreased upto 898 in 1941. It has again increased upto 936

in the decade of 1951. It means there was no continuous

increasing or decreasing trend in sex ratio. According to 2001

census, there are 901 female per 1000 male in the city.

- 116 -

Sex Ratio of Aurangabad City

750

800

850

900

950

1000

1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Year

Rati

o

����������

Table 3.11

Sex Ratio of Aurangabad City (1901 – 2001)

Sr. No.� Decade� Sex Ratio�

1� 1901� 978�

2� 1911� 964�

3� 1921� 972�

4� 1931� 916�

5� 1941� 898�

6� 1951� 936�

7� 1961� 850�

8� 1971� 829�

9� 1981� 872�

10� 1991� 877�

11� 2001� 901

Source: District Census Handbook, Aurangabad District.

- 117 -

In 1991, the lowest sex ratio was found in ward-2

(Mayurpark, Jadhavwadi) and it was 765 followed by 790 in ward

no. 57 (Bhavaninagar). Third lowest sex ratio was found in

Aviskar Colony, Ward no.48 and it was 793. The highest sex

ratio was found in ward no.53, Bari Colony and it was 962

females per thousand males.

The second highest sex ratio was found in Khadkeshwar

ward no.34 and it was 944 females while third highest sex ratio

was found in ward no.16 which was 943 (Mayurnagar).

In 1991, below 850, sex ratio was found in 13 wards

whereas 850 to 900 sex ratio was found in 12 wards, 900 to 950

sex ratio was found in 26 wards while above 950 sex ratio was

found in only one ward.

In 2001, below 850 sex ratio was found in 4 wards, 850 to

900 sex ratio was found in 30 wards while in 42 wards sex ratio

was found in between 900 to 950. Above 950 sex ratio was found

in 7 wards in 2001.

In 2001, the highest sex ratio was found in ward no.68

(Vishnunagar) and it was 976 females per thousand males while

967 sex ratio was found in ward no. 40 (Navabpura) followed by

958 sex ratio in N-3,N-4, CIDCO, ward no. 72. The lowest sex

ratio was found ward no.2 (Mayur park, Jadhavwadi) and it was

834 while 840 sex ratio was found in ward no. 24, MIDC

Chikalthana and the third lowest sex ratio was found in ward

no.11, Bhadkalgate and it was 847 in the year 2001.

- 118 -

Zonewise Sex Ratio in Aurangabad City :

The sex ratio differs from zone to zone. On the basis of

census 2001, zonewise sex ratio has been calculated and put in

the following table.

Table 3.12

Zonewise Sex Ratio in Aurangabad City

Sr. No.

Zone Sex Ratio

(Per 1000 male)

1 A 893

2 B 912

3 C 897

4 D 893

5 E 904

6 F 907

Source: Calculated by Researcher

The table of sex ratio shows that Zone B has the highest

sex ratio i.e. 912. This zone consists of Mayur Park,

Jadhavwadi, Yadhavnagar, N - 11, Roza bagh, Swami

vivekanandanagar, Misarwadi, Shivneri colony, Mayurnagar,

Sudarshannagar, Shrikrishnanagar, Pawannagar, Mhada colony,

Ambedkarnagar, Naregaon, M.I.D.C. Chikalthana, Ayodhyanagar,

Ganeshnagar, N - 6 cidco, Avishkar colony, Gulmohar colony and

Satyamnagar. On the contrary, low sex ratio is observed in Zone

A and D i.e. 893.

- 119 -

SEX Ratio

Map 3.4

- 120 -

Zone A consists of Harsool, Wankhedenagar N-13, Asifiya

Colony, Dilras Colony, Begumpura, Bhavsingpura, Padegaon,

Shantipura, Jaisinghpura, Bhadkalgate, Ghati Parisar Asifiya

Colony, Vishwasnagar, Harshnagar, Lotakaranja Chelipura,

Kabadipura, Chowk, Uddhilane, Khadkeshwar and Kotwalpura.

Zone D consists of Gulmandi, Nageshwarwadi, Bhoiwada,

Aurangpura,, Paithangate, Gandhinagar, Rajabazar, Kailasnagar,

Ajabnagar, Khokadpura, Sillekhana, Samarthnagar, Kotla

Colony, Kokanwadi, Krantichowk, Ramnagar, Osmanpura,

Bansilalnagar, and Padampura.

3.12 Literacy

In modern days, literacy has become a significant

characteristic of population. Literacy and education are

reasonably good indicators of development in a society. Higher

level of education and literacy lead to a greater awareness and

also contributes in the improvement of economic condition.

Literacy can be studied with the help of literacy rate provided in

census data.

Table 3.13 reveals that, in 1961 census, total literacy of

Aurangabad city was 45.31 percent. It has increased upto 70.67

percentage in 2001. It means literacy rate has been increased by

1.55 times. As compared to male literacy to female literacy it has

been observed that the male literacy was greater. In 1961 male

literacy was 58.15 percent while female literacy rate was only

30.22 percent. In 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001, it has been

observed that literacy rate is constantly increasing but the

percent share of male literacy is greater than female literacy.

- 121 -

Aurangabad City - Literacy

0

20

40

60

80

1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Year

Lit

era

cy

in

%

Male Female�������� �

Table 3.13

Literacy in Aurangabad city (1961 to 2001)

Decade� Category� Total� Literate� Percentage�

Male� 47322� 27516� 58.15�

Female� 40257� 12167� 30.22�1961�

Total� 87579� 39683� 45.31�

Male� 82252� 53820� 65.43�

Female� 68231� 28133� 41.23�1971�

Total� 150483� 81953� 54.46�

Male� 151980� 105035� 69.11�

Female� 132627� 64544� 48.66�1981�

Total� 284607� 169579� 59.58�

Male� 305372� 212030� 69.45�

Female� 267900� 138024� 51.52�1991�

Total� 573272� 350054� 61.06�

Male� 459295� 351677� 75.56�

Female� 414016� 265509� 64.13�2001�

Total� 873311� 617186� 70.67

Source : District Census Handbook, Aurangabad District.

- 122 -

In the past period, female education was not allowed due

to traditional customs but now a day special efforts are being

made to improve the literacy among the female. Therefore,

literacy rate of females among all religions is increasing. In

succeeding decades the literacy was considerably improved in

many wards in Aurangabad city.

In 1991, total 61.06% literacy was found in Aurangabad city.

The lowest literacy was found in Ghat area (Ward no.12) it was

34.91%. The second lowest literacy was found in Ajabnagar

Khokadpura (Ward No.56) and it was 39.32% followed by 41.85%

literacy was found in Padegaon (Ward No.8). The highest literacy

was found in Altamash Colony (Ward No.46) and it was 83.23%

while second highest literacy was found in Ayodhya nagar (Ward

No.25) and it was 82.68%. Third highest literacy was found in

Ganesh colony (Ward No.29) and it was 82.02%.

In the year 2001 the lowest literacy was found in

Bhavsingpura (Ward No.7), Begumpura (Ward No.6) and N3,N4

CIDCO (Ward No.72) and it was 52.50%, 55.18%, and 56.34%

respectively. The highest literacy was found in Indiranagar

Baijipura (ward no.51) and it was 86.98% while 85.97% literacy

was found in MIDC Chikalthana, Ward No.24. Third highest

literacy was found in Gandhinagar (Ward No.38) and it was

85.36. As compare to 1991 both male and female literacy has

been increased in 2001.

- 123 -

Zonewise Literary Rate in Aurangabad City :

The literacy rate differs from zone to zone. On the basis of

census 2001, zonewise literacy rate has been calculated and put

in the following table.

Table 3.14

Zonewise Literacy Rate in Aurangabad City

Sr. No.

Zone Literacy Rate in %

1 A 66.51

2 B 75.13

3 C 70.17

4 D 71.27

5 E 68.46

6 F 72.50

Source: Calculated by Researcher

The table of literacy rate shows that, literacy rate is high

in Zone B as compared to other wards. It is also observed that in

the same zone sex ratio was highest. It means there is positive

correlation between sex ratio and literacy rate. This zone consists

of Mayur Park, Jadhavwadi, Yadhavnagar n - 11, Roza bagh,

Swami vivekanandanagar, Mayurnagar, sudarshannagar,

Shrikrishnanagar, Pawannagar, Shivneri colony, mhada colony,

Ambedkarnagar, Misarwadi, Naregaon, M. I. D. C., Chikalthana,

Ayodhyanagar, Ganeshnagar, N - 6 cidco, Avishkar colony,

Gulmohar colony and Satyamnagar.

- 124 -

Literacy Map 3.5

- 125 -

On the contrary, low literacy rate in comparison to other

zone is observed in Zone A i.e. 66.51. Zone A consists of Zone A

consists of Harsool, Wankhedenagar N-13, Asifiya Colony Dilras

Colony, Begumpura, Bhavsingpura, Padegaon, Shantipura,

Jaisinghpura, Bhadkalgate, Ghati Parisar Asifiya Colony,

Vishwasnagar, Harshnagar, Lotakaranja Chelipura, Kabadipura,

Chowk, Uddhilane, Khadkeshwar and Kotwalpura area.

3.13 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes Population

In India, rural population is greater than urban

population. The process of urbanization in India yet has not got

the satisfaction level. About 70% population of the country is

still living in rural area. India is also identified for the country of

rural people. In rural part, people have bifurcated among various

castes on the basis of work or business. It is called “Bara

balutedar”.

In rural population, people of backward classes are also

found. Among these backward classes SC and ST are the major

castes. Social and economic status of these castes is lower as

compared to other castes of upper groups. For the improvement

of social and economic condition of the scheduled castes and

scheduled tribes, some special schemes and programs have been

undertaken by central government as well as state government.

- 126 -

Table 3.15

Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes Population

SC Population� ST Population�

Years�

Total� Male� Female� Total� Male� Female�

1981� 14636� 8070� 6566� 1971� 1133� 838�

1991� 109105� 57749� 51356� 6373� 3475� 2898�

2001� 149072� 77359� 71713� 9159� 4768� 4391

Source : District Census Handbook, Aurangabad District.

The population of SC and ST has been recorded separately

at the time of census. Table 3.15 shows total number of SC and

ST population since 1981 of Aurangabad city. Due to poor

economic conditions, most of SC and ST people are forced to stay

in slums which adversely affect on the land values in the city.

Table 3.16

Zonewise SC / ST Population in Aurangabad City

Sr. No.

Zone Literacy Rate in %

1 A 28.56

2 B 17.00

3 C 15.93

4 D 17.46

5 E 8.12

6 F 10.67

Source: Calculated by Researcher

- 127 -

SC / ST Population Map 3.6

- 128 -

Table 3.16 shows zonewise percentage share of SC / ST

population based on 2001 census. Zone A shows the higher

share of population of SC / ST category whereas Zone E shows

the least.

In 1981 the percent share of SC population was 4.49

percent, whereas the ST population was 0.65 percentage of total

population. As per 1991 census, both SC and ST population has

been increased significantly. In 1991, the percent share SC

population was 19.03 whereas the ST population was 1.11%.

According to 2001 Census SC population was 17.07 percent and

ST population was 1.05 percent.

As compared to 1981 the population of ST was substantially

increased in 2001. In 2001, maximum proportion of 89.84

percent SC population noticed in Begampura (Ward No.6)

followed by ward no.26, Ganeshnagar noticed 69.27%

population. Ward no.12, Ghati Parisar recorded 3rd highest

percent share of SC population and it was 56.63% in 2001. Ward

no.71, Vidyanagar had observed no SC population.

Ward no.75, Sanjay Nagar, Mukundwadi and Ward no.67,

Baudhanagar, Uttamnagar has found 0.33% and 0.37% SC

population respectively. Bhimnagar, Ambedkarnagar,

Ramabainagar, Kotwalpura, Bhoiwada, Jaysingpura, Nandanwan

colony, Mukundwadi, Harshnagar these areas are having

remarkable SC population. SC and ST population mostly found

in slum area as well as outer part of the city.

- 129 -

In 2001, total ST population was 9159 (1.05%). Ward no.60

(Sillekhana), Ward no. 71 (Nayannagar) and ward no. 83

(Pundliknagar) had not found ST population. The highest ST

population was recorded in Ward no.36 (Nageshwarwadi) and it

was 4.42%. The second highest ST population share was found

in Ramnagar, ward no. 65 (2.63%) followed by Wankhedenagar,

ward no.4 (2.57%). Below 1% ST population was found in 46

wards whereas 1% to 2% ST population was found in 27 wards.

Above 2% ST population was recorded in 10 wards in 2001.

3.14 Occupational Structure

Occupational structure of the town is the social attribute

of population which is of paramount importance as it exerts the

vital influences on several personal, social and demographic

characteristics. Occupation structure shows the population

engaged various economic activities. The study of occupational

structure of town has become important field of research.

For the current study, the workers are engaged in

cultivation, agricultural labour, house holds, industry and other

works have been considered for the analysis period of 1981 to

2001. Categorywise main workers and their percentage to total

main workers, total marginal workers, total workers and non-

workers as well as their percent share in total population during

the year 1981 and 2001 are given in the table 3.16 & 3.17. It is

clear from the table 3.16 that, in 1981, total population of

Aurangabad city was 2,98,937. Out of this, 79,917 people

recognized as working force.

- 130 -

Table 3.17

Occupational Structure in 1981

Category� Total Workers�Percent of Total

Population�

Cultivators� 1285� 0.43�

Agricultural Labours� 1762� 0.59�

Household Industrial, Manufacturing, Processing�

2247� 0.75�

Other Workers� 71922� 24.06�

Marginal Workers� 2701� 0.90�

Total Workers� 79917� 26.73�

Non Workers� 219020� 73.27�

Total� 298937� 100

Source : Census of India, 1981.

That means in 1981, work participation rate of

Aurangabad city was 26.73 percent. Out of total workers, about

1285 workers were identified as cultivators, 1762 as agricultural

labours. Most of the workers were found in other workers

category. Marginal workers were 2701 having the share of 0.90%

to total population of the city. Non-workers population was found

219020 which shares 73.27% to total population. It clearly

shows that, non-working population in the Aurangabad city is

very large. Because, people from all over the Marathwada region

migrating to Aurangabad especially for educational and

residential purpose. This leads to increase the non-working

population in the city.

- 131 -

Aurangabad City

Occupational Structure (2001)

Cultivators

Agricultural Labours

Household Industrial, Manufacturing, Processing

Other Workers

Marginal Workers

Non Workers!�������

Table 3.18

Occupational Structure in 2001

Workers�Category�

Male� Female� Total�

Percentage of Total Workers�

Percentage of Total

Population�

Cultivators� 1775� 847� 2622� 1.05� 0.30�

Agricultural Labours� 1237� 1311� 2548� 1.02� 0.29�

Household Industrial, Manufacturing,

Processing�1905� 1774� 3679� 1.47� 0.42�

Other Workers� 187394� 28359� 215753� 86.39� 24.71�

Marginal Workers� 17261� 7884� 25145� 10.07� 2.88�

Total Workers� 209572� 40175� 249747� --� 28.60�

Non Workers� 249723� 373841� 623564� --� 71.40�

Total� 459295� 414016� 873311� --� 100.00

Source : Census of India, 2001

- 132 -

In 2001, total population of Aurangabad city was

8,73,311. Out of total population only 2,49,747 peoples were the

workers which accounts 28.60% population. Very few (1.05%)

peoples were found in agricultural sector because of lack of

cultivable land in Aurangabad city and surrounding area. About

1.47 percent workers were found involve in household industries

and processing and 12.14 percent marginal workers are found in

the city according to 2001 census.

Most of population was engaged in other workers category

which shares 86.39%. The above table shows a remarkable thing

and that is the working female population is only 40,175 which

shows only 16.08% share to total working population.

The non-working population of city is 623564 accounting

71.40% to total population. It indicates that there is a large

amount of non-working peoples in the city. The reason behind of

large non-working population is the residence and educational

facilities in the Aurangabad.

Now a days, Aurangabad has been considered as the

leading important city in the Maharashtra State. Aurangabad

city has become the hub of educational facilities, industry and

for living. Peoples from Marathwada region are migrating to

Aurangabad city.

- 133 -

Zonewise Non-Working Population:

Zonewise non-working population has been observed and

it is depicted in following table.

Table 3.19

Zonewise Non-Working Population in Aurangabad City

Sr. No.

Zone Population in %

1 A 69.31

2 B 70.74

3 C 72.10

4 D 72.20

5 E 73.34

6 F 73.40

Source: Calculated by Researcher

The above table reveals that, Zone F has the highest non-

working population in the city whereas Zone A has the low. While

analyzing ward-wise data, it is noticed that in west part of the

city, ward no.9, Shantipura recorded highest (36.74 percent)

working population followed by Vishwasnagar (Ward no.13)-

34.07% and Begumpura, (Ward no.6)- 32.77%. On the other

hand, the lowest working population (23.39 percent) was noted

in ward no.66 (Shivshankar colony), followed by ward no. 73 (ST

colony) - 23.50% and Ramnagar (Ward no.76) - 23.8%.

- 134 -

Work non ork pop map 3.7

- 135 -

It has been observed that where the percentage share of

working population is large, there the non-working population

shares decreases. It is seen that in 20 wards out of 83 wards, the

contribution of primary sector workers in total main workers was

above 30 percent. They are found in the south west, and east

part of the city.

In 2001, below 25% working population in various sectors

such as primary, secondary and tertiary was observed in 10

wards while 25% to 30% working population was recorded in 53

wards. Above 30% working population was noticed in 20 wards

of the city. In CBD area of the city most of the working

population has engaged in secondary and tertiary sector. These

wards are Gulmandi, Aurangpura, Asifiya Colony, Shahaganj,

Samarathnagar, City Chowk, Canaght place, Misarwadi,

Naregaon, Surananagar, Shatabdinagar etc.

Below 70% non working population in all sector was

observed in 20 wards whereas 70% to 75% non-working

population was recorded in 53 wards. Above 75% working

population was noticed in 10 wards of the city. Shivshankar

colony, ST Colony, Ramnagar, Mayurnagar-Jadhavwadi,

Vidyanagar, Rajabajar, Nayannagar, Altamas colony, N3 and N4

CIDCO, Begumpura had found more non-working population in

2001. About 80% people of the city are engaged in secondary and

tertiary sector while only 20% people are engaged in primary

sector. The working population of the city as compared 1981 and

1991, is growing in 2001 due to increasing urbanization,

industrial development and migration of the people from the

surrounding area.

- 136 -

3.15 Degree of Urban Concentration

The degree of urban concentration of urban population is

measured by apply simple equation as below :

Pi DC = ------- X 100 P1

Where :

DC = Degree of Concentration

Pi = Percentage of urban population of areal unit

P1 = Percentage of urban population of study area

This method is helpful in calculating the concentration of

urban population. Under these method areas having values less

than 100 are supposed to have no concentration. But in the case of

urban population concentration, we have considered the values

which are less than 100 to indicate the poor concentration of

urban population. As compared to 1981 the degree of

concentration was increased in 1991.

The degree of concentration in 1981 was 134.71 percent and

it was increased upto 142.33 percent in 1991. The degree of urban

concentration was increased rapidly in the decade 1981-1991. The

degree of concentration in 1991 was 142.33 percent and it was

increased upto 148.62 percent in 2001. The urban concentration of

the study area has shown positive change in 2001.

3.16 Degree of Urbanization

In present study degree of urbanization has been computed

by using the following equation

Urban Population of Areal Unit Degree of Urbanization = -------------------------------------------- x 100 Total Population of Areal Unit

- 137 -

Table 3.20

Degree of Urbanization of Aurangabad city

Decade� Total population� City Population�Degree of

Urbanization�

1951� 1179404� 57949� 4.91�

1961� 1532341� 87579� 5.72�

1971� 1401574� 150483� 10.74�

1981� 1581766� 298937� 18.90�

1991� 2213779� 573272� 25.90�

2001� 2897013� 873311� 30.15

Source : Computed by researcher.

Aurangabad City

Degree of Urbanization

0

10

20

30

40

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Year

Deg

ree

of

Urb

an

iza

tio

n

��������"�

- 138 -

The degree of urbanization of the Aurangabad city shows

constant increase. The degree of Urbanization of the study area

was 4.91 in 1951 which increased upto 10.74 in 1971. The degree

of Urbanization was 25.90 percent in 1991 and it was further

increased upto 30.15 percent in 2001.

The increase in degree of urbanization of the study area has

shown that the level of urbanization is increasing constantly

because of the migrant people from the surrounding area in

Aurangabad city. Aurangabad city is the headquarters of

Marathwada region and has become the hub of educational,

technological, industrial, entertainment, and infrastructural

facilities.

References: Bapat, M. (1991) : The Allocation of Urban Space in Maharashtra-

Rhetoric and Reality, Habitat International, Vol.-28 No.-15 (1-

2) Pp.7-25.

Census of India, 1981, 1991, 2001.

Chapin, F. S. (1957): Urban Landuse Planning, New York. Pp.207.

City Development Plan, Aurangabad Municipal Corporation,

Aurangabad

Das, A. K. (2007): Urban Planning in India, Rawat Publication,

Jaipur. Pp.148-150.

Govt. of Maharashtra, Human Development Report 2002, Govt. of

Maharashtra. Pp.24-25.

Gupta, R.C. (1982): Planning and Development of Towns D.D.A.

New Delhi.

- 139 -

Hiraskar, G. K. (1989): Fundamentals of Town Planning, Dhanpat

Rai and Sons, Delhi. Pp.58-62.

Knox, P. (1992) : Suburbia by Stealth-Geographical Magazine, Vol.-

64, No.-8, Pp.26-29.

Kosabi, Meera (1994): Urbanization and Urban Development in

India. CSSR Monograph, New Delhi.

Mahadev, P.D.(1986) : Urban Geography, Heritage Publishers, New

Delhi. Pp 176-196.

Mulik, A. D. (1989): Dynamics of Urbanization, Himalaya

Publishing House, Bombay. Pp.43-45.

Quereshi, D.G (2008): Tourism Potential in Aurangabad City,

Bhartiya Kala Prakashan, Delhi, pp.20-22.

Routray, J. K. (1993) : Urban and Regional Planning Practice in

India. Habitat International, Vol.-17, No.-3, Pp. 55-74.

*_*_*_*_*