SECURITE - silar.fr · Page : 2 FICHE DE DONNEES DE Edition révisée n° : 4 SECURITE Date : 12 /...

Page : 1

FICHE DE DONNEES DE Edition révisée n° : 4

SECURITE Date : 12 / 4 / 2011

Remplace la fiche : 10 / 9 / 2009

OXYDE DE ZINC SIL-001

îñï̀Santé : 1 PRUDENCE : peut être irritant.

0Inflammabilité : 0 Non combustible.

1 0Réactivité : 0 Stable : non-réactif lorsque mélangé avec l'eau.

--Notification spéciale : -- ---

ProducteurSILOX S.A.Rue Joseph Wauters, 144B-4480 Engis Belgique-BelgieTel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36En cas d'urgence : +32 (0)70 245 245

SynonymesOxyde de zinc SILOX 2 C / 3 C / HR 10

Oxyde de zinc SILOX ACTIF

Oxyde de zinc SILOX HR 30

Oxyde de zinc SILOX ACTIF FREE FLOWING

Oxyde de zinc SILOX HR 20

Oxyde de zinc SILOX G 50

SECTION 1. Identification de la substance/du mélange et de la société/l’entreprise

1.1. Identificateur de produit

Nom chimique : Zinc oxide

Nom commercial : OXYDE DE ZINC

Formule chimique : ZnO

Type de produit : Oxyde de zinc.

Numéro EC : 215-222-5

Numéro d'enregistrement Reach : 01-2119463881-32-0009

Numéro CAS : 1314-13-2

1.2. Utilisations identifiées pertinentes de la substance ou du mélange et utilisations déconseillées

Usage : Produit utilisé tel quel, en formulation ou en formulation de produits pour :Agent colorant et Pigment , Nourriture pour bétail et Additif alimentaire , Fioul etAdditif pour fioul , Intermédiaire , Substance de laboratoire , Lubrifiant et Additifpour lubrifiant , Agent de métallisation et Traitement de surface du métal ,Régulateur de processus ( Pas utilisé pour ou Utilisé pour : Polymérisation ,Vulcanisation ), batteries , Inhibiteur de corrosion et Détartrant , Fertilisant ,Industrie pharmaceutique , Produits photo-chimiques , Semi-conducteurs ,Adjuvants de fabrication

1.3. Renseignements concernant le fournisseur de la fiche de données de sécurité

Identification de la société : Voir producteur.

Courriel de la personne compétente : [email protected] de la Fiche de Sécurité

1.4. Numéro d’appel d’urgence (24/24 - 7/7)

N° de téléphone en cas d'urgence : SILOX PRAYON S.A. : Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11En cas d'urgence (centre belge antipoison) : +32 (0)70 245 245Autres pays : voir section 16 ouhttp://www.who.int/ipcs/poisons/centre/directory/euro/en/

SILOX S.A. En cas d'urgence : +32 (0)70 245 245Rue Joseph Wauters, 144 B-4480 Engis Belgique-Belgie

Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

Page : 2





SECTION 2. Identification des dangers

2.1. Classification de la substance ou du mélange

2.1.1 Classification (EC) N° 1272/ : Danger pour le milieu aquatique - Danger aigu - Catégorie 1 - Attention (CLP :2008 (CLP/GHS) Aquatic Acute 1)

Danger pour le milieu aquatique - Danger chronique - Catégorie 1 - Attention (CLP : Aquatic Chronic 1)

2.1.2 Classification 67/548/CEE ( : N; R50-53DPD)

2.1.3 Note : Voir point 16 pour les phrases de risques (R-H-EUH).

2.2. Éléments d’étiquetage

Règlement d'Etiquetage CE 1272/2008 (CLP)

• Pictogramme(s) de danger

MÅ• Mention d’avertissement : Attention

Identification des dangers (CLP) H410 : Très toxique pour les organismes aquatiques, entraîne des effetsnéfastes à long terme.

• Conseils de prudence

- Prévention : P273 : Éviter le rejet dans l’environnement.

- Intervention : P391 : Recueillir le produit répandu.

- Considérations relatives à : P501 : Eliminer ce produit et son récipient dans un centre de collecte des déchetsl'élimination dangereux ou spéciaux, conformément à la réglementation locale, régionale,

nationale et/ou internationale.

2.3. Autres dangers

Pas PBT ou vPvB selon le règlement (EC) No 1907/2006, Annexe XIII.

SECTION 3. Composition/informations sur les composants

Nom de la substance Contenance No CAS No CE Annexe CE Classification

Oxyde de zinc : > 94 % 1314-13-2 215-222-5 030-013-00-7 ----- N; R50-53

----------------------------------

Aquatic Acute 1 (H400)

Aquatic Chronic 1 (H410)

SECTION 4. Premiers secours

4.1. Description des premierssecours

- Inhalation : Amener la victime à l'air libre.En cas de troubles, appeler un médecin ou demander une aide médicaled'urgence.

- Contact avec la peau : Laver la peau avec de l'eau savonneuse.Enlever vêtements et chaussures contaminés.Lavez les vêtements avant réutilisation.

- Contact avec les yeux : Rincer immédiatement à l'eau claire durant 15 minutes.En cas de troubles, appeler un médecin ou demander une aide médicaled'urgence.

- Ingestion : Rincer immédiatement la bouche avec un peu d'eau.Ne pas faire vomir.En cas de troubles, appeler un médecin ou demander une aide médicaled'urgence.


Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

Page : 3





SECTION 4. Premiers secours (suite)

4.2. Principaux symptômes et effets,aigus et différés

- Effets et symptômes : Des symptômes type fièvre des fondeurs peuvent apparaître en cas d'inhalationimportante.

4.3. Indication des éventuels soins : Administrer du charbon actif.médicaux immédiats et traitementsparticuliers nécessaires

SECTION 5. Mesures de lutte contre l’incendie

5.1. Moyens d'extinction

- Agents d'extinction appropriés : Non combustible. Utiliser un moyen d'extinction se trouvant à proximité.

- Agents d'extinction non appropriés : Aucun.

5.2. Dangers particuliers résultant de la substance ou du mélange

- Produits de décomposition et de : Aucun.combustion dangereux

5.3. Conseils aux pompiers

- Protection des intervenants : Utiliser un appareil respiratoire (appareil respiratoire autonome avec protectionfaciale totale).Porter un vêtement de protection approprié.

- Protection contre l'incendie : Endiguer les eaux d'extinction d'incendie pour un traitement ultérieur.

SECTION 6. Mesures à prendre en cas de dispersion accidentelle

6.1. Précautions individuelles, équipement de protection et procédures d’urgence

- Précautions individuelles : Eviter la production de poussières.EPI : voir point 8.2.2

6.2. Précautions pour l'environnement

- Précautions pour l'environnement : Empêcher la dispersion.Eviter la contamination du sol.Eviter la pénétration dans les égouts, les eaux de surface et les eaux souterraines.Ne pas laisser partir les résidus par les égouts.

6.3. Méthodes et matériel de confinement et de nettoyage

- Mesures après fuite / épandage : Ramasser avec des outils mécaniques.Ramasser le produit déversé et le mettre dans un récipient approprié.Il est fortement recommandé de réutiliser/recycler les déchets.

6.4. Référence à d’autres sections

Voir point 8 et 13 pour plus d' information.

SECTION 7. Manipulation et stockage

7.1. Précautions à prendre pour une manipulation sans danger

7.1.1 Mesures de protection

- Manipulation : Assurer une extraction ou une ventilation générale du local.Eviter toute exposition inutile.Eviter la production de poussières.


Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

Page : 4





SECTION 7. Manipulation et stockage (suite)

7.1.2 Conseil sur l'hygiène du travail

Ne pas manger, ne pas boire et ne pas fumer pendant l'utilisation.Se laver les mains et toute autre zone exposée avec un savon doux et de l'eau, avant de manger, de boire, de fumer, etavant de quitter le travail.

7.2. Conditions d’un stockage sûr, y compris d’éventuelles incompatibilités

- Stockage : Conserver dans les conteneurs d'origine. Conserver dans des emballageshermétiquement clos. Conserver dans un endroit sec, frais et bien ventilé.Conserver à l'écart des acides et bases.Conserver à l'écart des aliments et boissons, y compris ceux pour animaux.Suivre les précautions d'usage pour la manipulation des produits poussiéreux.

SECTION 8 Contrôles de l’exposition/protection individuelle

8.1. Paramètres de contrôle

Limites d'exposition professionnelle

8 Heures TLV-TWA [mg/m3] : 5 (fumée) (Belgium 2002)10 (Poussières) (Belgium 2002)

15 minutesVLT-STEL [mg/m3/] : 10 (fumée) (Belgium 2002)

Autres : WorkersDNEL Inhalation solid zinc : 2,5 mg/m3DNEL Inhalation insolid zinc : 5 mg/m3

General populationDNEL Inhalation solid zinc : 1,3 mg/m3DNEL Inhalation insolid zinc : 2,5 mg/m3

PNEC:PNEC Aqua freshwater : 20,6 mg/LPNEC Aqua marine water : 6,1 mg/LPNEC sediment freshwater : 117,8 mg/kg sediment dwPNEC sediment marine water : 56,5 mg/kg sediment dwPNEC STP : 5, 2 mg/l

8.2. Contrôle de l'exposition

8.2.1 Mesures techniques : Utiliser autant que possible en système fermé.Ventilation locale avec aspiration par hotte de captageAssurer un contrôle régulier de l'atmosphère.L'équipement doit être nettoyé à fond après chaque utilisation.

8.2.2 Protection individuelle

- Protection des yeux : Porter des lunettes de sécurité avec écrans latéraux selon la norme EN 166.

- Protection de la peau : Porter un vêtement de protection fermé.

- Protection des mains : Utiliser des gants de protection chimique répondant à "EN 374-2" et "EN 374-3".Demander conseil au fournisseur de gants.Matériel: gants en cuir, gants en coton, gants en caoutchouc.

- Protection respiratoire : Porter un appareil respiratoire pour poussières si la manipulation du produitgénère des particules aériennes (type FFP2 selon la norme EN 140 ou 149).

8.2.3 Contrôle de l'exposition : Eviter le rejet dans l'environnement.environnementale


Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

Page : 5





SECTION 9. Propriétés physiques et chimiques

9.1. Informations sur les propriétés physiques et chimiques essentielles

Etat physique à 20 °C : Poudre

Couleur : Blanc cassé à jaune pâle.

Odeur : Inodore.

pH : 7 - 8 (suspension - eau) ISO 787 / 9

Point de fusion [°C] : 1970 - 1975°C

Point d'ébullition [°C] : Non applicable

Masse vol. apparente : 300 - 2000 Kg/m3DIN 53 466

Solubilité dans d'autres ingrédients : (substances organiques).Négligeable. Soluble dans les acides et les bases.

Propriétés d'oxydation : Non applicable

Coefficient de partage n-octanol/eau : Non applicable

Masse moléculaire : 81.38

Solubilité dans l'eau : < 2 mg/lLISEC BO 016 1997

Limites d'explosivité : Non explosif (VDI2263)

SECTION 10. Stabilité et réactivité

10.1. Réactivité : Stable dans les conditions normales de manipulation et de stockage.

10.2. Stabilité chimique : Stable dans les conditions normales de manipulation et de stockage.

10.3. Possibilité de réactions : Chauffé jusqu'au point de décomposition, libère des fumées dangereuses.dangereuses

10.4. Conditions à éviter : Aucun.

10.5. Matières à éviter : Conserver à l'écart des acides et bases.

10.6. Produits de décomposition : Aucun.dangereux

SECTION 11. Informations toxicologiques

11.1. Informations sur les effets toxicologiques

Toxicité aiguë

- Inhalation : LC50 (4 hours) : > 5,7 mg/L (rat, similar to OECD Guideline 403 (AcuteInhalation Toxicity), Klimisch reliable 2)Potential occurrence of metal fume fever by workers following exposure to ultrafineparticles of zinc oxide during specific operations.

- Cutanée : LD50 : > 2000 mg/kg (data derived via read across).

- Ingestion : LD50: > 5000 mg/kg bw/day (rat, similar to OECD Guideline 401 (Acute OralToxicity) Klimisch reliable 2)

Toxicité à doses répétées : Oral :NOAEL : 13 mg Zn/kg bw/day (rat) (data derived from a 13 weeks study via readacross)The maximum allowable daily intake has been established to be 50 mg zinc perday.Inhalation :NOAEC (subacute) : 2,7 mg ZnO/m3 (Guinea pig, Klimisch reliable 2)

Corrosion/irritation de la peau et de : Skin: not irritating (Rabbit,mouse, Klimisch reliable 2)l'oeil Eyes: not irritating (Rabbit, EU Method B.5 (Eye Irritation / Corrosion) Klimisch

reliable 1)


Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

Page : 6





SECTION 11. Informations toxicologiques (suite)

Sensibilisation respiratoire ou : Not a skin sensitizer (Guinea pig, EU Method B.6 (Skin Sensitisation) Klimischcutanée reliable 1)

No evidence for respiratory sentizitation properties (weight of evidence approach)

Cancérogénicité : On the basis of the existing information it can be concluded that there is noconclusive evidence for carcinogenicity

Mutagénicité : In vitro :Negative ( Salmonella typhimurium, Ames test, similar to OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay), Klimisch reliable 2)In vivo :Negative based on weight of evidence approach (EU risk assessment of zinccompounds, 2008)

Toxique pour la reproduction : Fertility: not considered to have detrimental effects on fertility (read acrossapproach)Developmental toxicity: not considered to be toxic for development (read acrossapproach)

SECTION 12. Informations écologiques

12.1. Toxicité

- Poissons : - Short-term toxicity to fish :freshwater:Lowest LC50: 0.169 mg Zn/l Oncorrhynchus Mykiss (read acrossapproach)

- Long-term toxicity to fish :Freshwater:Data on 7 species available. NOECs (chronic) range between 0.044 and 0.530 mgZn/l (read across approach)Marine:NOEC (30 days) = 0.025 mg Zn/l (read across approach)

- Plantes aquatiques : EC50: 0.21 mg Zn/l [ data derived from 72 hr, algae (Selenastrumcapricornutum) test according to OECD 201]

- Invertébrés aquatiques : - Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates :Lowest EC50: 0.147 - 0.228 mg Zn/l Ceriodapnia dubia (read across approach)

- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates :Freshwater:Data on 13 species available. NOECs range between 0.037 and 0.400 mg Zn/l (dissolved concentrations) (read across approach)Marine:Data on 26 species available. NOECs range between 0.0056 and 0.9 mg Zn/l (dissolved concentrations) (read across approach)

- Microorganismes / Effet sur les : EC50 (3d) : 5,2mg Zn/l (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test, readboues activées across approach)

12.2. Persistance - dégradabilité : Non pertinent. (substance inorganique)

12.3. Potentiel de bio-accumulation : Non. (Zinc is a natural, essential element which is actively regulated byorganisms).

12.4. Mobilité dans le sol : For zinc (like for other metals) the transport and distribution over the differentenvironmental compartments e.g. the water (dissolved fraction, fraction bound tosuspended matter), soil (fraction bound or complexed to the soil particles, fractionin the soil pore water,...) is described and quantified by the metal partitioncoefficients between these different fractions. A solids-water partitioning coefficientof 158.5 l/kg (log value 2.2) was applied for zinc in soils.


Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

Page : 7





SECTION 12. Informations écologiques (suite)

12.5. Résultats des évaluations PBT : Pas PBT ou vPvB selon le règlement (EC) No 1907/2006, Annexe XIII.et VPVB

12.6. Autres effets néfastes : Non.

SECTION 13. Considérations relatives à l’élimination

13.1. Méthodes de traitement des déchets

- Elimination des déchets : Eliminer le produit conformément aux réglementations locales.Eliminer le produit et son récipient comme un déchet dangereux.Eliminer comme déchet industriel ou déchet dangereux, en fonction du degré et dela nature de pollution.

- Emballage : Procéder à la séparation des déchets d'emballage.Eliminer comme déchet industriel ou déchet dangereux, en fonction du degré et dela nature de pollution.

- Codes déchet : 16 03 03 inorganic wastes containing dangerous substances

SECTION 14. Informations relatives au transport

14.1 - ADR/RID/ADN/IMO-IMDG/IATA

- No ONU : 3077

- Shipping name : UN3077 MATIÈRE DANGEREUSE DU POINT DE VUE DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT,SOLIDE, N.S.A. (Oxyde de zinc), 9, III, (E)

- Groupe d'emballage : IIICode tunnel : E : Passage interdit dans les tunnels de catégorie E.

- Etiquetage ADR

|àO ¿- I.D. n° : 90

- IMDG-Pollution marine : Oui.

- Autres informations relatives au : Classification code: M7transport

SECTION 15. Informations réglementaires

15.1. Réglementations/législation particulières à la substance ou au mélange en matière de sécurité, de santéet d’environnementS'assurer que toutes les réglementations nationales ou locales sont respectées.

- Autorisations : Non requis.

- Restrictions : Non.

- E.U. : Substance included in the Directive 96/82/EC (SEVESO)Classe WGK (Allemagne) : 2

Classification CE : N; R50-53

15.2. Évaluation de la sécurité chimique

Une évaluation de la sécurité chimique a été effectuée.


Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

Page : 8





SECTION 16. Autres informations

16.1. Indication des modifications : Total revision according to Reach regulation

16.2. Abbréviations et acronymes : ADN : European Agreement concerning international carriage of Dangerous goodsby Inland waterwaysADR: European Agreement concerning international carriage of Dangerous goodsby RoadBw : body weightCAS: Chemical Abstracts ServiceCLP : Classification, labelling, packagingDNEL: Derivative No effect LevelEC: European CommunityELV : Emission limit valuesEN: European NormEUH: European Hazard StatementEWC : European Waste catalogueICAO: International Civil Aviation OrganizationIMDG: International Maritime Dangerous GoodsIATA: International Air Transport AssociationLC50: Median lethal concentrationLD50 : Median lethal doseNOAEL : No-observed-adverse-effect-levelPBT: Persistent, bioaccumulative, ToxicPNEC: Predicted No effect ConcentrationREACH : Registration, evaluation and autorisation of chemicalsRID : Regulations concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by railSTEL: Short Term Exposure LimitTWA : Time weighted averagevPvB: Very persistent, very bioaccumulative

16.3 Sources des données utilisées : Reach dossierZinc oxide and Zinc Risk Assessment Reports (Final), EU 2008, ECB

16.4. Phrases relatives aux dangers : H410 : Très toxique pour les organismes aquatiques, entraîne des effets néfastes(R - H) à long terme.

R50/53 : Très toxique pour les organismes aquatiques, peut entraîner des effetsnéfastes à long terme pour l'environnement aquatique.

16.5. Conseils relatifs à la formation : Non.

16.6. Autres données : Emergency numbersAustria (Vienna) : +431 406 43 43Bulgaria (Sofia) : +359 2 9154 409Croatia (Zagreb) : +385 1 234 8342Cyprus (Nicosia) : 1401Czech Republic ( Praha) : +42 2 2491 9293 ou +42 2 2491 5402Denmark ( Copenhagen) : +45 82 12 12 12Estonia (Tallin) : 16662Finland (Helsinki) : +358 9 471 977France (Paris) : 01 40 05 48 48Germany (Berlin) : 49 30 19240Greece (Athens) : (0030) 2107793777Hungary ( Budapest): +36 80 20 11 99Iceland (Reykjavik) : +354 525 111 354 543 2222Ireland (Dublin): +353 1 8379964Italy (Roma) : +39 06 305 4343Latvia (Riga) : +371 704 2468Lithuania (Vilnius) : +370 2 36 20 52, +370 2 36 20 92The Netherlands : +31 10 232 2200Norway (Oslo) : +47 22 59 13 00Poland (Krakow) : 48 (12) 411 99 99Portugal (Lisbon) : 808 250 143Romania (Bucarest) : +40 06 282 2121 ou +40 06 183 2121


Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

Page : 9





SECTION 16. Autres informations (suite)

Slovakia (Bratislava) : + 421 2 5477 4166Slovenia (Ljubljana) : + 386 41 650 500Spain (Madrid) : 91 562 04 20Sweden (Stockholm) : 112Switzerland (Zurich) : 145Turkey (Ankara) : 0 800 314 7900United Kingdom (London) : +44 (0) 20 7188 0100

Le contenu et le format de cette fiche de données de sécurité sont conformes au RÈGLEMENT (CE) N° 1907/2006 DUPARLEMENT EUROPÉEN ET DU CONSEIL

DENEGATION DE RESPONSABILITE Les informations contenues dans cette fiche proviennent de sources que nousconsidérons être dignes de foi. Néanmoins, elles sont fournies sans aucune garantie, expresse ou tacite, de leur exactitude. Lesconditions ou méthodes de manutention, stockage, utilisation ou élimination du produit sont hors de notre contrôle et peuvent nepas être du ressort de nos compétences. C'est pour ces raisons entre autres que nous déclinons toute responsabilité en cas deperte, dommage ou frais occasionnés par ou liés d'une manière quelconque à la manutention, au stockage, à l'utilisation ou àl'élimination du produit. Cette FDS a été rédigée et doit être utilisée uniquement pour ce produit. Si le produit est utilisé en tantque composant d'un autre produit, les informations s'y trouvant peuvent ne pas être applicables.

Fin du document


Tel. +32 (0)4 273 92 11

Fax +32 (0)4 273 96 36

SILOX

Zinc oxide (ZnO)

EC number : 215-222-5

CAS number : 1314-13-2

Exposure scenarios

Page 1 sur 24

SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE SCENARIOS Zinc oxide (ZnO)

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 2 sur 24

Table of Contents

Introduction to (short) Generic Exposure Scenarios (GES)...….. ……………………………………………….. 3

Table: Generic exposure scenarios (GES) for zinc metal……………………………………………………… 3 Table: Identified uses for Zn metal and corresponding Generic Exposure Scenario (GES)…………………... 4

GES Zn-1: industrial use of zinc cathodes or slabs, primary or secondary, that are melted, possibly alloyed, and

cast/transformed in required massive formats and possibly stored: slabs, ingots, anodes, sheet, bar, wire,

pellets, die-cast parts .….. ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 5

GES Zn-2: industrial use of zinc, pure or alloyed, in the production of zinc powder and dust by different

sputtering techniques including coating and superficial passivation steps……..……………………………….. 7

GES Zn-3: industrial use of zinc ingots or zinc powder in the manufacturing of other inorganic or organic zinc

substances through different process routes, hydro-, pyro-, electrolytic processes……………….……….….. 8

Zn GES-4: Industrial and professional use of Zn massive or zinc powder, alloyed or not, passivated or not, as

active laboratory reagent in aqueous or organic media, as reduction agent for analysis or synthesis. .…….. 10

Zinc GES-5: Industrial use of Zinc, alloyed or not, for metal surface treatment (e.g. corrosion protection of steel

by hot dip galvanising) or for pyrometallurgical extraction processes.……………………………….……….. 12

GES Zn-6: industrial use of zinc massive pieces (i.e. slabs, bars, sheets...), pure or alloyed, cast and optionally

further rolled and/or punched to form semi-finished articles. ……………………………………………...…. 16

GES Zn-7: Industrial and professional use of metallic Zn-powder, alloyed or not, passivated or not, for

downstream use of zinc mixtures involving dry or wet processes. ………………………………………...…. 17

GES Zn - 8: Industrial and professional downstream use of massive pieces made of -or coated with- zinc,

alloyed or not. ………………………………………...………………………………………………………… 19

GES Zn - 9: Industrial and professional downstream use of massive zinc powder, contained in liquid

preparations. ………………………………………...…………………………………………………..……… 22

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 3 sur 24

Introduction to (short) Generic Exposure Scenarios (GES)

For assessment of exposures at local scale, several generic exposure scenarios (GES) were developed in the

chemical safety report (CSR) for each zinc substance. This was necessary because of the significant number of

uses that was identified for each of the substances. The multitude of identified uses was assigned to the

respective GES based on similarity of process, and, consequently, similarity in exposure and risk management

measures. So, GES are relevant for the different identified uses that they group at the same time.

Approaches for local exposure assessment

• Assessment of workers exposure is related to the place /process the worker is involved in. The GES

group different processes; exposure assessment is done using the worst case approach by considering

full shift exposure at the workplace with highest potential for exposure. Risk management measures

are specified accordingly.

• Environmental emissions (notably to water) are usually integrating the totality of emissions from a

given site, and cannot be distinguished for each process. Therefore assessments in the GES are done

for the site as a whole.

Shortened GES for annexing to the e-SDS

For reasons of clarity, shortened versions of the GES as documented in the CSR have been listed below. These

shortened versions focus on a) operational conditions and b) risk management measures. Repetition of

information contained in the SDS has been avoided by cross-referencing.

How to identify the GES related to a given use?

In table below, the generic exposure scenarios (GES) developed for Zn metal are presented.

Table: Generic exposure scenarios (GES) for zinc metal (ref : CSR zinc metal, version Nov 2010)

Number Sector Uses Code

1 Formulation step: melting, alloying and

casting in massive pieces

GESZn 1

2 Formulation step: melting, alloying

manufacture of powders

Formulation general

GESZn 2

3 Manufacturing of other

zinc compounds

GESZn 3

4 Laboratory reagent GESZn 4

5 Use of molten zinc GESZn 5

6 Transformation of

massive zinc

GESZn 6

7

First tier applications

Use of zinc powders GESZn 7

8 DU of massive pieces of

zinc

GESZn 8

9

Second tier applications

DU of preparations

containing zinc powder

GESZn 9

To facilitate the identification of the GES related to a given downstream use, the table below lists the

different uses that were identified for Zn metal. In this table, the downstream user can look up its use(s) and

find the corresponding GES for attachment to his e-SDS.

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 4 sur 24

Table: Identified uses for Zn metal and corresponding Generic Exposure Scenario (GES) (ref: CSR zinc metal,

version Nov 2010)

IU number Identified Use (IU) name GES code

3 Storage of ingots-slabs in warehouses GESZn 1

4 Production of chemicals (pyro) GESZn 3

5 Production of chemicals (hydro) GESZn 3

6 Additive for production of inorganic catalysts GESZn 2

7 Melting, alloying and casting GESZn 1

8 Cathodic protection - sacrifical anodes GESZn 1

9 Downstream use of zinc-based sacrifical anodes GESZn 8

10 Extraction of PM (Parkes process) GESZn 5

11 Zinc casting / granules, pellets, prills, … GESZn 1, GESZn 6

12 Zinc sheet casting and rolling GESZn 1, GESZn 6

13 Wire and rods manufacturing GESZn 1, GESZn 6

14 Downstream use of Zn based wire for metal spraying GESZn 8

15 Component for soldering/brazing/welding products GESZn 1, GESZn 6

16 Downstream use of Zinc based brazing/soldering products GESZn 8

17 Strips and coins manufacturing GESZn 1, GESZn 6

18 Batteries ballots, cans manufacturing GESZn 1, GESZn 6

19 Zinc (pure or alloyed) pwder manufacturing GESZn 2

20 Passivated zinc powder manufacturing (pure or alloyed) GESZn 2

21 Use of active powders for batteries GESZn 7

22 Use of Zinc powders, pure or slightly alloyed, for formulation

of paints, coatings, and inks

GESZn 7

23 Use of zinc powder based paints, coatings and inks GESZn 9

24 Use of zinc powder for mechanical plating GESZn 7

25 Use of zinc powder as reductant reagent GESZn 4, GESZn 7

26 Use of (alloyed) Zn powder as corrosion inhibitor for

lubricants

GESZn 7

27 use of zinc powder (pure or alloyed) in the manufacture of

diamond tools

GESZn 7

28 Use of zinc powder (pure or alloyed) in the manufacture of

friction lining

GESZn 7

29 Use of zinc powder (pure or alloyed) in the manufacture of

carbon brushes

GESZn 7

30 Brass manufacturing GESZn 1

31 Use of brass casts for transformation into semi-products GESZn 6

32 Use of brass containing products GESZn 8

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 5 sur 24

IU number Identified Use (IU) name GES code

33 Die-casting alloys manufacturing GESZn 1

34 Use of die-casting ingots GESZn 6

35 Manufacturing of Zinc containing Al-alloys GESZn 1

36 Use of zinc containing Al alloys GESZn 6

37 General hot dip galvanizing GESZn 5

38 Continuous hot dip galvanizing GESZn 5

39 Electrogalvanizing GESZn 5

40 Electroplating GESZn 5

41 Production of "targets by (EB) PVD or other sputtering

techniques

GESZn 5, Generic

consumer/environment*

42 Use of galvanized goods Generic consumer/environment

* corresponds to “GES 10” in IUCLID

GES Zn-1: industrial use of zinc cathodes or slabs, primary or secondary, that are melted, possibly alloyed,

and cast/transformed in required massive formats and possibly stored: slabs, ingots, anodes, sheet, bar,

wire, pellets, die-cast parts.

SU: 3,10, 14, 15, 0 (Nace C24.4.3./C25.6.1./C25.9.3./E38.3)

PROC: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8b, 9, 13, 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26

PC : 7, 38

AC : 1, 2, 3, 7

ERC : 1, 2, 5, 6a, 10a, 11a, 12b

Description of activities/process(es) covered in the Exposure Scenario

• Delivering and stockpiling of the slabs or ingots of zinc and other alloying metals (e.g. Al, Sn, Mg, Ti, Fe,

Co, Si, Cu, Ni, Bi …).

• The ingots are fed into the melting/alloying furnace.

• The alloying metals are molten and mixed/dissolved in the liquid phase at ~500°C up to 900°C

• the melt is transferred to the casting ladle or machines, cast into ingots or directly into a (continuous)

casting machine to form it as e.g. sheet, rods, bars, wires, sections and tubes

• Maintenance activities

Contributing scenario (1) controlling environmental exposure

Product characteristics: see sections 3 (composition) and 9 (phys-chem properties) of SDS

Physical state: massive solid

Amounts used Up to 1500 T zinc/day

Frequency and duration of use: Continuous use

Environment factors not influenced by risk management:

Flow rate of receiving surface water default: 18,000 m³/d, unless specified otherwise

Other given operational conditions affecting environmental exposure

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 6 sur 24

• Dry manipulations in the whole building: only cooling water is present, whether in closed circuit or re-

used in another process.

• Air on the working place is filtered before release outside the building

• All indoor processes, in confined area.

Technical conditions and measures at process level (source) to prevent release: see section 8.2.3. of SDS

Technical onsite conditions and measures to reduce or limit discharges, air emissions and releases to soil: see

section 8.2.3. of SDS

Organizational measures to prevent/limit release from site: see section 8.2.3. of SDS

Conditions and measures related to municipal sewage treatment plant:

In cases where applicable: default size of the municipal STP (2000 m³/d), unless specified otherwise

Conditions and measures related to external treatment of waste for disposal

• If any, all hazardous wastes are treated by certified contractors according to EU and national

legislation.

• Users of Zn and Zn-compounds have to favour the recycling channels of the end-of-life products

• Users of Zn and Zn-compounds have to minimize Zn-containing waste, promote recycling routes and,

for the remaining, dispose the waste streams according the Waste legislation.

Conditions and measures related to external recovery of waste

By-products formed during the process are either recycled, internally or externally, or handled further as

waste , according the waste legislation

Contributing scenario (2) controlling worker exposure

Product characteristic: see sections 3 (composition) and 9 (phys-chem properties) of SDS

Physical status : massive solid

Amounts used Up to 500 T/shift

Frequency and duration of use/exposure 8hrs shift (worst case), continuous exposure is assumed as default

Human factors not influenced by risk management:

Uncovered body parts (potentially) face can be exposed as a result of the nature of the activity

Other given operational conditions affecting workers exposure

All processes are carried out indoor in confined areas.

Technical conditions and measures at process level (source) to prevent release

• Process enclosures or semi-enclosures where appropriate.

• Local exhaust ventilation on furnaces and other work areas with potential dust and fumes generation,

dust capturing and removal techniques

• Containment of liquid volumes in sumps to collect/prevent accidental spillage

Technical conditions and measures to control dispersion from source towards the worker See SDS section

8.2.1.

Organisational measures to prevent /limit releases, dispersion and exposure See SDS section 8.2.1.

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation: See SDS section

8.2.2.

Exposure estimation and reference to its source: not relevant, refer to CSR.

Risks for workers and to the environment have to be assessed considering the PNECs and DNELs mentioned

under SDS sections 8.1.4.

Guidance to DU to evaluate whether he works inside the boundaries set by the (G)ES.

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 7 sur 24

Occupational exposure/environmental emissions

The DU works inside the boundaries set by the ES if either the proposed risk management measures as

described above are met or the downstream user can demonstrate on his own that his operational conditions

and implemented risk management measures are adequate. Detailed guidance for evaluation of ES can be

acquired via your supplier or from the ECHA website (guidance R14, R16). Environmental and human exposure

can be measured or modelled (more information on tools available in SDS section 8.1.4.).

In addition, bioavailability corrections can be integrated in the exposure assessment, if the environmental

parameters that are needed for the calculations are documented (see SDS section 8.1.4.)

GES Zn-2: industrial use of zinc, pure or alloyed, in the production of zinc powder and dust by different

sputtering techniques including coating and superficial passivation steps.

• SU: 3, 8, 9, 10, 14, 0 (Nace C20.1.3.)

• PROC: 2, 3, 5, 8b, 9, 14, 22, 26,27a, 27b

• PC : 2, 7, 9b, 10, 14, 19, 20, 40

• AC : -

• ERC : 1, 2, 4, 5, 6a, 6b


• Delivering and stockpiling of the Zinc slabs or ingots.

• The Zinc ingots are fed into the melting/alloying furnace.

• Zinc and, optionally, alloying elements, are molten and mixed at 450-500°C

• By gravity, injection or suction, the liquid metal is fed into the sputtering chamber

• Further cooling, classification, blending and packaging of produced zinc dust and powder. Workers

have to place and adjust the bag or drum under the discharge pipe and to set the process in motion.

• Filled bags or drums are subsequently closed and carried to the storage area.




Zinc is produced in its pure form (typically : >99 %) or alloyed.

Amounts used Up to 30000 T/y

Frequency and duration of use Continuous production is assumed as a worst case

Environment factors not influenced by risk management

Flow rate of receiving surface water default: 18,000 m3/d, unless specified otherwise





Technical onsite conditions and measures to reduce or limit discharges, air emissions and releases to soil See

SDS section 8.2.3.

Organizational measures to prevent/limit release from site See section 8.2.3 of SDS


In cases where applicable: use default size of the municipal STP (2000 m3/d) unless specified otherwise.


SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 8 sur 24


legislation.

• Users of Zn powders have to favour the recycling channels of the end-of-life products

• Users of Zn powders have to minimize Zn-containing waste, promote recycling routes and, for the

remaining, dispose the waste streams according the Waste legislation.


By-products formed during the process are either recycled, internally or externally, or handled further as

waste , according the waste legislation



Zn-powders and dusts are packed in appropriate packaging (e.g. drums) and stored in enclosed buildings =>

High dustiness is assumed as worst case (particle size from <500µm (powders) down to 10µm (fine dusts)


Frequency and duration of use/exposure 8hrs shift (worst case), continuous exposure is assumed as default.

Human factors not influenced by risk management

Uncovered body parts: (potentially) face exposed as a result of the nature of the activity



Technical conditions and measures at process level (source) to prevent release: see section 8.2.1 of SDS

Technical conditions and measures to control dispersion from source towards the worker: See SDS section

8.2.1.

Organisational measures to prevent /limit releases, dispersion and exposure: See SDS section 8.2.1

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation: See SDS section

8.2.2













GES Zn-3: industrial use of zinc ingots or zinc powder in the manufacturing of other inorganic or organic zinc

substances through different process routes, hydro-, pyro-, electrolytic processes

• SU: 3, 8, 9, 10, 14, 0 (Nace C23.9.9.)

• PROC: 2, 3, 8b, 9, 22, 26

• PC : 7, 19, 20, 21

• AC : na

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 9 sur 24

• ERC : 1, 2, 6a


1. In case of wet processes:

a. Reception of the Zn metal, transfer to the reaction tank

b. Sequential addition of reagents for purification steps and filtration on press filter, when

needed (ventilation is adapted).

c. Concentration by solvent evaporation, under exhaust hood.

d. Possible pouring on a cooling belt or feeding to a crystaliser.

2. In case of dry process

a. Reception of zinc metal, transfer to the furnace

b. Fuming of the zinc vapour, oxidation in an air stream, cooling and collecting of the dust

3. Discharge and packaging of produced zinc compounds. Filled bags or drums are subsequently closed

and carried to the storage area.

4. Exposure to dust can occur during packing of the powder. Solutions are packed in intermediate bulk

containers (ca. 1 m3 capacity); solids are packed in bags or drums.

5. Maintenance activities



Zn-compounds are produced in their pure form e.g; > 99%, or in solution.

Amounts used Up to 75 T/d of Zn is transformed to equivalent Zn compound

Frequency and duration of use Continuous production is assumed as a worst case. It is possible that use is not

continuous; this has to be considered when estimating exposure.


Flow rate of receiving surface water default used: 18,000 m³/d, unless specified otherwise


• Dry process (fuming, oxidation) or wet processes (leaching, filtering, purification) followed by drying

(possible grinding), and packaging;



• High temperature around furnaces

• Dosing and packaging operations occur under a special ventilation hood


SDS section 8.2.3.

Organizational measures to prevent/limit release from site See SDS section 8.2.3.

Conditions and measures related to municipal sewage treatment plant

In cases where applicable: default size of the municipal STP (2000 m3/d) will be used unless specified

otherwise.



legislation.



for the remaining, dispose the waste streams according the Waste regulation.


SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 10 sur 24

• All residues from the wet process are recycled.



for the remaining, dispose the waste streams according to the Waste regulation.



• Zinc is transformed to equivalent pure zinc compound.

• The formed zinc compound can be produced as a powder with varying particle size (worst case

scenario) or can be in solution.

Amounts used Up to maximum 25T/shift

Frequency and duration of use/exposure 8hrs shift (worst case)

Human factors not influenced by risk management

Uncovered body parts: (potentially) face can be exposed as a result of the nature of the activity





8.2.1.

Organisational measures to prevent /limit releases, dispersion and exposure: See section 8.2.1. of SDS

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation: see section 8.2.2 of

SDS













Zn GES-4: Industrial and professional use of Zn massive or zinc powder, alloyed or not, passivated or not, as

active laboratory reagent in aqueous or organic media, as reduction agent for analysis or synthesis.

SU: 3, 9, 14,

PROC: 5, 8b, 15, 26

PC: 7

AC: not applicable

ERC: 6b

The zinc metal is used for

Analysis: sample (solid or liquid) treatment or preparation: the substance is in the sample or in the reagents

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 11 sur 24

Synthesis: manipulations are usually under ventilation (e.g. laminar flow, ventilation hood)

The substance is used at the industrial scale, in industrial installations for air control and water treatment and

at the professional scale by laboratories



Zn is used in minimum 80% purity; higher grades (>95%) are usual

Amounts used

• maximum 5 T/y (industrial scale)

• maximum 0.5 T/y (professional scale)

Frequency and duration of use Use is usually intermittent but continuous use is assumed as a worst case. It is

possible that use is not continuous; this has to be considered when estimating exposure.


Flow rate of receiving surface water default value 18,000 m3/d used unless specified otherwise


All processes are performed indoor in a confined area, with dedicated laboratory equipment. All solid residues

containing zinc are recovered for recycling


• Process enclosures and closed circuits where relevant

• If relevant, dust capturing and removal techniques are applied on local exhaust ventilation (centralised

treatment, scrubbers, filters, ...)

• Containment of liquid volumes to collect waste streams

Technical onsite conditions and measures to reduce or limit discharges, air emissions and releases to soil

• Industrial scale: see section 8.2.3.

• Professional scale, the emissions are treated usually by STP. Professional services will be used for

treating waste streams e.g. for the recovery of metallic solids (for recycling), and for the recovery of

e.g. acid solutions containing the substance

Organizational measures to prevent/limit release from site See SDS section 8.2.3

Conditions and measures related to municipal sewage treatment plant


otherwise.



legislation.





All residues are recycled or handled and conveyed according to waste legislation



• Zn is used in minimum 80% purity; higher grades (> 95%) are usual

• The sample is usually solid, but regularly added to liquid samples.

• When the preparation is in solid state, it can be characterised by high dustiness in a worst case

situation.

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 12 sur 24

Amounts used

• maximum 5 T/y (industrial scale)

• maximum 0.5 T/y (professional scale)

Frequency and duration of use/exposure

Use is usually intermittent but continuous use is assumed as a worst case.

Human factors not influenced by risk management: Uncovered body parts: (potentially) face can be exposed

as a result of the nature of the activity


• high temperature steps can occur in protected zones (fume cupboards);

• all indoor processes in confined area, including hazardous substances cabinets.


For laboratories more specifically:

• Local exhaust ventilation on work areas with potential generation of dust or fumes, dust capturing and

removal techniques (fume cupboards).

• Containment of liquid volumes and collection in special circuits

• Storage of Zn products in dedicated zones, e.g.: hazardous substances cabinets

Technical conditions and measures to control dispersion from source towards the worker: see section 8.2.1 of

SDS

For laboratories more specifically:

• Cleaning of process equipment and laboratory

• Storage of Zn products in dedicated zones, e.g.: hazardous substances cabinets

Organisational measures to prevent /limit releases, dispersion and exposure: See section 8.2.1 of SDS


SDS













Zinc GES-5: Industrial use of Zinc, alloyed or not, for metal surface treatment (e.g. corrosion protection of

steel by hot dip galvanising) or for pyrometallurgical extraction processes.

SU: 3, 5, 0 (NACE C25.6.1.)

PROC : 13, 22, 23

PC : 7,14

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 13 sur 24

AC : 1,2,3,7

ERC : 2,5

The hot-dip galvanising process includes the following steps:

1) In batch (general) galvanising:

• the steel article is immersed into a bath of molten zinc (kettle”) for a given time (typically 3-20

minutes). Prior to immersion, the steel article has been prepared by: i) mounting on a transportation

line, ii) pre-treatment by degreasing, pickling, fluxing and optionally drying)

• after removal from the kettle, the excess zinc drains back into the kettle. In semi-automated processes

for tubes and pipes, excess zinc can be removed with compressed air or steam.

2) In continuous galvanising:

• The steel articles (e.g.: sheet -strip/coil,…) are continuously unwound and fed to a fully or partially

automated process. Wire galvanising follows a similar process.

• The coils are automatically welded end-to-end to give a truly continuous process.

• The sheet strip undergoes surface cleaning (chemical and/or thermal treatment) and heat treatment

in special designed and closed furnace zones, before the zinc coating and finishing.

• The galvanising bath consists of one or more tanks, usually made of a ceramic material or steel, which

contain molten zinc (or zinc alloy). The steel passes through the bath and its surface is coated with

zinc/iron-zinc alloys. Because of the speed of the strip (up to 180 m/min) and the short exposure time,

the coating is very thin.

• When the steel leaves the bath, gas (air or nitrogen) “knives” wipe off the excess zinc. An automatic

gauge that measures the thickness of the coating, using e.g. X-ray measurement technology controls

the system.

• The steel is gradually cooled by air coolers after leaving the bath, possibly quenched in a water tank,

dried, “finished” (to give the desired surface properties and appearance), edge-trimmed if necessary,

cut to the required length and re-wound.

• “Galvannealing” is a special after-treatment in which galvanised steel strip is heated again to allow the

formation of a zinc-iron alloy (8-12% iron) on the surface, giving a particularly smooth appearance.

Coils of finished galvanised steel are large and very valuable products that have to meet very stringent quality

requirements. They are always stored under cover, usually in areas with temperature and humidity control.

They are also always protected against corrosion by a passivating rinse layer, an oil film, plastic wrap or

interleaved paper or a combination of some of these. In addition, they are always transported on covered truck

beds. Therefore, there is no possibility of zinc-containing run-off from these products while at the plant or

during transport (EU RA zinc metal, 2006).



• Pure zinc metal or zinc alloy is used in the molten state.

• During immersion, the surface of the steel sheet reacts with the zinc to form a coating consisting of

several zinc-iron alloy layers that are normally covered with an outer layer of zinc.

• The thickness of the zinc coating can vary generally between 250µm (batch galvanising) to <10-35 µm

(continuous hot dip galvanizing; for a tube of conduction, the thickness of the zinc coating can be up

to 60µm)

• During the Parkes-process (lead refining step)the formed triple alloy contains up to 35% w/w zinc

Amounts used

• Depending on the steel volume treated, a galvanising line will treat up to 3500 T Zn/y (general

galvanising) and up to 12000 t/y of Zn in continuous galvanising (EU RA). On the biggest continuous

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 14 sur 24

galvanising sites, up to 3 lines can be operational in parallel.

• Parkes process: up to 5000T/y.

Frequency and duration of use Continuous operations




• The galvanising process includes a high level of automation.

• All processes are performed indoor in a confined area. All residues containing zinc are recycled.

• The same technology is applied throughout the EU.


• Process enclosures and closed circuits where relevant and possible (e.g.: when coolers are used, the

cooling-water circulates in closed circuitry

• Dust capturing and removal techniques are applied on local exhaust ventilation on furnaces and other

work areas with potential dust generation.

• Containment of liquid volumes in sumps to collect/prevent accidental spillage


• On-site waste water treatment techniques can be applied to prevent releases to water (if applicable)

e.g.: chemical precipitation, sedimentation and filtration (efficiency 90-99.98%). It is specified that by

the implementation of BREF, the emission abatement efficiency is usually higher, resulting in a

maximum release of 200-300kg of zinc /year by 1 continuous galvanising line.

• Air emissions are controlled by use of bag-house filters and/or other air emission abatement devices

e.g. fabric (or bag) filters (up to 99% efficiency), wet scrubbers (50-99% efficiency). This may create a

general negative pressure in the building.

• Special procedures are used for cleaning and maintenance

Organizational measures to prevent/limit release from site: See section 8.2.3. of SDS



otherwise.



legislation.





• All residues are recycled or handled and conveyed according to waste legislation.

• The excess zinc in the process is recovered and is either returned to the zinc kettle or sent for zinc

recovery in the secondary industry. Zinc-enriched dross, ash and kettle skimmings are also either re-

utilised in the plant or by the secondary zinc industry



Pure Zinc metal or zinc alloy is used.

Amounts used A general (batch) galvanising line will treat up to 3500 T/y of zinc, a continuous galvanising plant

will treat up to 12000 t/y of Zn (EU RA). This would result in a maximum use of about 12T/d, 40T/d,

respectively. These amounts have however no relation to worker exposure.

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 15 sur 24


• Continuous hot dip galvanising: continuous, largely automated process.

• Batch hot dip galvanising: immersion of a batch of steel articles in molten zinc typically occurs 3 to 4

times per hour during an 8-hour shift.




• The molten zinc (alloy) in the galvanising kettle is at 445-460 °C (batch-GHDG), and 440-520°C

(continuous-CHDG), resp.. Some GHDG process variants operate at up to 560°C. At this temperature

(just above the melting point) the formation of zinc oxide fumes is minimal.

• Thin layers of a mix of solidifying zinc-iron intermetallic phases and ZnO are formed at the surface of

the molten zinc bath and are removed manually or mechanically by “skimming”

• Some alloying elements may be used e.g. Pb, Ni, Al, Sb, Mg …which may trigger some specific risk

management measures for workers


• In general, process enclosures and closed circuits where relevant and possible, and in line with IPPC-

BREF

• If applicable, local exhaust ventilation on furnaces and other work areas with potential dust

generation, dust capturing and removal techniques.

o Batch galvanising: IPPC BREF requires that the galvanising kettle is fully enclosed for the

purpose of capturing emissions to air. These enclosures also restrict exposure of workers to

zinc and zinc compounds during immersion of the steel articles.

o Continuous galvanising: feeding of massive zinc blocks is automated, only traces of dust are

generated at (masked) kettle and generally no LEV or process enclosure is needed.

Technical conditions and measures to control dispersion from source towards the worker: see section 8.2.1 of

SDS

Local exhaust ventilation systems and process enclosures are generally applied in GHDG, so inhalation is also

prevented by process enclosures e.g. shields between the ventilation hood and the kettle

Organisational measures to prevent /limit releases, dispersion and exposure: see section 8.2.1 of SDS


SDS













SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 16 sur 24

GES Zn-6: industrial use of zinc massive pieces (i.e. slabs, bars, sheets...), pure or alloyed, cast and optionally

further rolled and/or punched to form semi-finished articles.

• SU: 3, 14, 15, 16, 0 (Nace C24.5.3&4./C25.9.3./C27.2.)

• PROC: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8b, 14, 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26

• PC : 7, 14, 15, 20, 21, 38

• AC : 1, 2, 3, 7

• ERC : 2, 3, 5, 6b

Description of processes covered in the exposure scenario, e.g. casting for rolling, granules/pellets casting, die

casting, brass casting...

• High purity zinc (alloy) ingot is melted, optionally alloyed, and poured onto the casting machine or fed

to the injection nozzles.

• After casting, the strip, the granules the die-cast, the brass bar are rapidly cooled down; the remainder

of the operations concerns automated operations of the final articles that are in the massive metal

form.

• All castings are performed in specially dedicated machines: continuous strip-casting (i.e. Hazelett …),

continuous brass-rod casting, batch hot-chamber die-casting machine.

• The fresh scrap is usually returned to the melting furnace for direct recycling

• The articles are stored before shipping to the final transformer




Zinc alloys for sheet rolling are typically made with Cu, Ti. Zinc alloys for die-casting are typically made of

aluminium and magnesium, optionally copper. Brass is made of copper and ~30% zinc. These alloying elements

may trigger some specific risk management measures for workers

Amounts used Up to 500 T zinc/day

Frequency and duration of use Continuous use




• The molten zinc in the kettle is at 450-615 °C (higher for Cu- or Al-rich alloys).

• Dry manipulations in the whole building: only cooling water is present, whether in closed circuit or re-

used in another process.





See SDS section 8.2.3.

Organizational measures to prevent/limit release from site: See SDS section 8.2.3.

Conditions and measures related to municipal sewage treatment plant: In cases where applicable: default size

of the municipal STP (2000 m3/d) will be used unless specified otherwise.


If any, all hazardous wastes are treated by certified contractors according to EU and national legislation.

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 17 sur 24

Users of Zn and Zn-compounds have to favour the recycling channels of the end-of-life products

Users of Zn and Zn-compounds have to minimize Zn-containing waste, promote recycling routes and, for the

remaining, dispose the waste streams according the Waste legislation


By-products formed during the process are either recycled, internally or externally, or handled further as waste

, according the waste legislation



• Besides brass, where zinc is in a proportion of ~30% w/w, the composition of major zinc alloys is

generally Zn: > 80 %.

• Variable amounts of Cu, Al, Ni, Bi, Mn, Ti, In, Sb, Mg … may be added to some alloy products to

improve specific properties of the material

• The final forms are massive metal


Frequency and duration of use/exposure 8hrs shift (worst case), continuous exposure is assumed as default.

Human factors not influenced by risk management: Uncovered body parts (potentially) face can be exposed



• The molten zinc in the kettle is basically at 450-615 °C, higher for Cu- and Al-rich alloys.

• All processes are carried out indoor in confined areas.



8.2.1.



SDS













GES Zn-7: Industrial and professional use of metallic Zn-powder, alloyed or not, passivated or not, for

downstream use of zinc mixtures involving dry or wet processes.

SU: 3, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 22, 0 (Nace C20.3./25.6.1./27.2)

PROC: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8a, 8b, 9, 10, 11, 14, 17, 18, 21, 22, 24, 26

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 18 sur 24

PC: 2, 7, 9a, 9b, 9c, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24

AC: 1, 2,3,7

ERC: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6b, 7, 10a, 10b, 11a

In the described process, the zinc powder containing preparation/mixture is:

• unpacked and possibly stored in silos

• Extracted from the silo, and

o in the making of basic mixtures, dosed and fed with the other reagents and/or solvents to the

mixing tank, batch-wise or continuously, according the process receipt. The resulting zinc

containing mixture (dispersion, paste) is directly further processed, or packed, for further

treatment/use.

o in the mechanical plating, the zinc powder is applied to the steel surface



Zn powder in preparation can be > 25%, usually <5%

Amounts used maximum 5000 T/y

Frequency and duration of use Continuous production is assumed as a worst case.




• Even when no process waters occur, some non-process water can be generated containing zinc (e.g.

from cleaning)

• All processes are performed indoor in a confined area.

• All residues containing zinc are recycled.


• Local exhaust ventilation on mixing tanks and other work areas with potential dust generation.

• Dust capturing and removal techniques are applied.

• Process enclosures where relevant and possible.


SDS section 8.2.3.

Organizational measures to prevent/limit release from site See SDS section 8.2.3.



otherwise.



legislation.





All residues are recycled or handled and conveyed according to waste legislation.


SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 19 sur 24


• The concentration of Zn in the mixtures can be up to >25% but is usually of the order of <= 5%,

depending on the application.

• The preparation can be solid, or in the liquid state, as a paste or dispersion or other viscous or

polymerized matrix, with a low level of dustiness; however, powder forms can occur, medium

dustiness is therefore applied as a worst case.

Amounts used Max 5000T/y = 20 T/d = 7T/shift depending of application

Frequency and duration of use/exposure 8 hour shifts (default worst case) are assumed as starting point; it is

emphasised that the real duration of exposure could be less. This has to be considered when estimating

exposure

Human factors not influenced by risk management: Uncovered body parts (potentially) face can be exposed



• Wet or dry processes

• All indoor processes in confined area.


Technical conditions and measures to control dispersion from source towards the worker

• Local exhaust ventilation systems and process enclosures are generally applied

• Cyclones/filters (for minimizing dust emissions): efficiency 70%-90% (cyclones); dust filters (50-80%)

• LEV in work area: efficiency 84% (generic LEV)



SDS













GES Zn - 8: Industrial and professional downstream use of massive pieces made of -or coated with- zinc,

alloyed or not.

SU: 3, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 0(NACEC25.9.3.)

PROC: 4, 7, 11, 13, 15, 21, 23, 25, 26

PC: 7, 9a, 14,38

AC: 1, 2, 3, 7

ERC: 5, 10a, 11a

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 20 sur 24

This scenario covers both the industrial scale processes and professional use. In the described process, the Zn

metal containing preparation/mixture is further processed, involving potentially the following steps:

• Reception/unpacking of material

• Final application, embedding, or shaping to produce the end product or article



Zn metal in the article is < 25% when located in the coating, >25% when located in the mass of the article.

Amounts used

Typical quantities for Industrial use are 50T/y (typical), maximum 500T/y (in industrial setting). For professional

use, quantities are much lower.

Frequency and duration of use: Continuous production is assumed as a worst case




• Solid, so in principle all dry processes throughout, no process waters. Even when no process waters

occur (with dry process throughout), some non-process water can be generated containing zinc (e.g.

from cleaning)

• In industrial and professional setting, processes are performed usually indoor in a confined area.

Professional use can be outdoors.



• In industrial and professional setting indoor, the following applies:

o Local exhaust ventilation on furnaces and other work areas with potential dust generation.

o Dust capturing and removal techniques are applied.

o Process enclosures where relevant and possible.

• In outdoor professional use, no LEV is assumed



o No process waters, so possible emissions to water are limited and non-process related.

o If zinc emissions to water, on-site waste water treatment techniques can be applied to

prevent releases to water (if applicable) e.g.: chemical precipitation, sedimentation and

filtration (efficiency 90-99.98%).

� By exposure modelling it is predicted that at use quantities of > 200T/y, refinement

of the exposure assessment to water and sediment needs to be made (exposure

assessment based on real measured data and local parameters). Treatment of the

emissions to water may be needed under such conditions.

o Air emissions are controlled by use of bag-house filters and/or other air emission abatement

devices e.g. fabric or bag filters, wet scrubbers. This may create a general negative pressure in

the building


Conditions and measures related to municipal sewage treatment plant: In cases where applicable: default size

of the municipal STP (2000 m3/d) will be used unless specified otherwise.



legislation.

SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 21 sur 24



for the remaining, dispose the waste streams according to the Waste legislation.

Conditions and measures related to external recovery of waste: All residues are recycled or handled and

conveyed according to waste legislation



Zn metal in the article is < 25% when located in the coating, >25% when located in the mass of the article.

• The zinc containing mixture is in the solid state, usually with a low level of dustiness;

• However, for some processes, e.g. welding (PC 38), fine powder forms can occur; for these processes,

high dustiness is considered

Amounts used

Typical quantities for Industrial setting are 50 T/y (typical), or 0.15 T/day, 0.05 T/shift. In industrial setting,

maximum use quantity is 500T/y (1.5T/d, 0.5T/shift). In professional use, quantities are much lower.


8 hour shifts (default worst case) are assumed as starting point; it is emphasised that the real duration of

exposure could be less. This has to be considered when estimating exposure.




• Industrial / Professional:

o Dry processes: dry operational conditions throughout the process; no process waters;

o Mostly indoor processes (industrial and professional) in confined area; professional use can

also occur outdoors.


• Industrial /professional indoor

o Local exhaust ventilation on work areas with potential dust generation, dust capturing and

removal techniques

o Process enclosures where appropriate

• Professional outdoor: no LEV assumed, only local ventilation of area


• Industrial /professional:

o Local exhaust ventilation systems and process enclosures are generally applied

o Cyclones/filters (for minimizing dust emissions): efficiency 70%-90% (cyclones); dust filters

(50-80%)

o LEV in work area: efficiency 84% (generic LEV)

• Professional outdoor: no LEV assumed, but ventilation and RPE for some PROC/PC recommended

Organisational measures to prevent /limit releases, dispersion and exposure: See section 8.2.1 of SDS


SDS




SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 22 sur 24










GES Zn - 9: Industrial and professional downstream use of massive zinc powder, contained in liquid

preparations.

SU: 3, 14, 21, 22, 0 (NACEC20.3.)

PROC: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8a, 8b, 9, 10, 11, 13, 19, 24

PC: 7, 9a, 9b, 9c, 18

AC: 1, 2, 7

ERC: 4, 5, 8a, 8c, 8d, 8f

This scenario covers both the industrial scale processes and professional use. In the described process, the Zn

metal containing preparation/mixture is further processed, involving potentially the following steps:

• Reception/unpacking of the preparation (zinc powder in suspension)

• Mixing, filling and/or application to produce the end product or article.

Contributing scenario (1) controlling environmental exposure.


Zn metal is usually > 25% in classical mixtures, sometimes <25%.

Amounts used

Typical quantities for Industrial use are 50T/y (typical), maximum 500T/y (in industrial setting). For professional

use, quantities are much lower

Frequency and duration of use

Continuous production is assumed as a worst case. Usually, use is not continuous; this has to be considered

when estimating exposure




• Liquid preparations, usually no process waters. Even when no process waters occur (with dry process

throughout), some non-process water can be generated containing zinc (e.g. from cleaning)

• In industrial and professional setting, processes are performed usually indoor in a confined area.

Professional use can be outdoors.



SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 23 sur 24


o Local exhaust ventilation on work areas with potential dust generation.

o Dust capturing and removal techniques are applied.

o Process enclosures where relevant and possible.



o If zinc emissions to water, on-site waste water treatment techniques can be applied to

prevent releases to water (if applicable) e.g.: chemical precipitation, sedimentation and

filtration (efficiency 90-99.98%).

� By exposure modelling it is predicted that at use quantities of > 200T/y, refinement

of the exposure assessment to water and sediment needs to be made (exposure

assessment based on real measured data and local parameters). Treatment of the

emissions to water may be needed under such conditions (see “exposure estimation

and risk characterisation”).

o Air emissions are controlled by use of bag-house filters and/or other air emission abatement

devices e.g. fabric or bag filters, wet scrubbers. This may create a general negative pressure in

the building.




otherwise.



legislation.





All residues are recycled or handled and conveyed according to waste legislation.



Zn metal is usually > 25% in classical mixtures, sometimes <25%.

• The zinc containing mixture is in the liquid state, usually with a low level of dustiness;

• However, for some processes, e.g. liquid spraying, fine particles (droplets) are formed, which directly

solidify to solid coating. For these processes, medium dustiness is considered as a worst case and PPE

are recommended.

Amounts used

Typical quantities for Industrial setting are 50 T/y (typical), or 0.15 T/day, 0.05 T/shift. In industrial setting,

maximum use quantity is 500T/y (1.5T/d, 0.5T/shift). In professional use, quantities are much lower.


8 hour shifts (default worst case) are assumed as starting point; it is emphasised that the real duration of

exposure could be less. This has to be considered when estimating exposure.




SILOX

Zinc oxide

EC number : 215-222-5


Exposure scenarios

Page 24 sur 24

• indoor processes (industrial and professional) in confined area;

• Professional use can also occur outdoors.


• Industrial /professional indoor

o Local exhaust ventilation on work areas with potential dust generation, dust capturing and

removal techniques

o Process enclosures where appropriate

• Professional outdoor: no LEV assumed, only local ventilation of area


• Industrial /professional:

o Local exhaust ventilation systems and process enclosures are generally applied

o Cyclones/filters (for minimizing dust emissions): efficiency 70%-90% (cyclones); dust filters

(50-80%)

o LEV in work area: efficiency 84% (generic LEV)

• Professional outdoor: no LEV assumed, but ventilation and RPE for some PROC/PC recommended


Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation: see sections 8.2.2 of

SDS













SECURITE - silar.fr · Page : 2 FICHE DE DONNEES DE Edition révisée n° : 4 SECURITE Date : 12 /...

Documents

Transcript of SECURITE - silar.fr · Page : 2 FICHE DE DONNEES DE Edition révisée n° : 4 SECURITE Date : 12 /...