Office québécois de la langue française, 2010-2011

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Pgdd|i{

Cfn{régd

_icf|pbi

PalrorffblHg{inlg|

_f|yn#Nfrgnkg Pgh|lngy

[rfip#_iziárlp

W|éol`

Odgn`#Pg

Jlrcfn{

Nlcgpbg

@aiof|hgcg| Plu{#Îdlp

Hgpué

Dlp Îdlp#kl#dg#Cgkldlinl

?575#?577

Fjji`l w|éoé`fipkl dg dgnh|l jrgnègipl

In`d|gn{ dl rguufr{ k’g`{izi{épkl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil

_GUUF_[ GNN\LD

KL HLP[IFN



Pgdd|i{

Cfn{régd

_icf|pbi

Palrorffbl

O|rlg|q réhifng|q

Hg{inlg|

_f|yn#Nfrgnkg Pgh|lngy

[rfip#_iziárlp

W|éol`

Odgn`

Jlrcfn{

Nlcgpbg

@aiof|hgcg| Plu{#Îdlp

Hgpué


?575#?57

Fjji`l w|éoé`fipkl dg dgnh|l jrgnègipl

_GUUF_[ GNN\LDKL HLP[IFN



Dl `fn{ln| kl `l{{l u|odi`g{ifn g é{é urfk|i{ ugr dg Kirl`{ifn kl dg rlàlràl l{ kl

d’ézgd|g{ifn gzl` dg ugr{iìug{ifn kl {f|{lp dlp kirl`{ifnp kl d’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg

dgnh|l rgnègipl ginpi w|’gzl` dg `fddgofrg{ifn kl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil.

Uf|r kl ud|p gcudlp rlnplihnlcln{p$ zl|iddl} zf|p gkrlpplr å =

F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl

Éki`l @gciddl#Dg|rin

7?<$ r|l Palrorffbl F|lp{

Cfn{régd !W|éol`) A?Q 7Q;

[édéuafnl = <7; 180#:<:<

Pgnp rgip = 7 111 180#:?5?

[édé`fuil|r = <7; 1:;#5900

Pi{l Xlo = xxx.fwd.hf|z.w`.`g

@f|rrild = infEfwd.hf|z.w`.`g

Id lp{ ufppiodl kl `fnp|d{lr `l rguufr{ kgnp dl pi{l Xlo kl d’Fj`l.

Kéuû{ déhgd ‐ ?577

Oiodif{aáw|l l{ Gràizlp ng{ifngdlp k| W|éolÒiodif{aáw|l l{ Gràizlp @gngkg

IPON zlrpifn icuricél = 981#?#<<5#:??<0#:

IPON zlrpifn édl`{rfniw|l = 981#?#<<5#:??<;#0

IPPN zlrpifn icuricél = 7851#?;;8

IPPN zlrpifn édl`{rfniw|l = 7851#?;;<

© Hf|zlrnlcln{ k| W|éol`$ ?577Dg rlurfk|`{ifn {f{gdl f| ugr{ilddl kl `l kf`|cln{ lp{ g|{fripél

å dg `fnki{ifn w|l dg pf|r`l pfi{ cln{ifnnél.



_guufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn ?575#?577

FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL

Cfnpil|r Mg`w|lp @aghnfn

Urépikln{ kl d’Gpplcodél ng{ifngdl k| W|éol`

Aû{ld k| Ugrdlcln{

7lr é{ghl$ o|rlg| 7.05

75;<$ r|l klp Ugrdlcln{girlp

W|éol` !W|éol`) H7G 7G;

Cfnpil|r dl Urépikln{$

M’gi d’afnnl|r kl zf|p urépln{lr dl _guufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn ?575#?577 kl d’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dgdgnh|l rgnègipl$ w|i in`d|{ dl rguufr{ k’g`{izi{ép kl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil.

@fnfrcécln{ g|q kipufpi{ifnp kl dg Dfi p|r d’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l$ `lp rguufr{p rlnkln{ nf{gccln{

`fcu{l klp rép|d{g{p fo{ln|p g| rlhgrk klp friln{g{ifnp l{ klp foml`{ip é{godip kgnp dl Udgn p{rg{éhiw|l

ln cg{iárl kl ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l ?559#?57; ginpi w|l kgnp dlp ké`dgrg{ifnp kl plrzi`lp g|q `i{fylnp

kl `ag`|n klp kl|q frhgnipclp. Dl urépln{ kf`|cln{ `fn{iln{ éhgdlcln{ kl nfcorl|q rlnplihnlcln{p

k’in{érí{ u|odi` w|i gikln{ å cil|q `fnngî{rl d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn.

Zl|iddl} ghrélr$ Cfnpil|r dl Urépikln{$ d’lqurlppifn kl cg ag|{l `fnpikérg{ifn.

Dg cinip{rl kl dg @|d{|rl$ klp @fcc|ni`g{ifnp

l{ kl dg @fnki{ifn écininl

l{ cinip{rl rlpufnpgodl kl d’guudi`g{ifn

kl dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$

@arip{inl P{#Uilrrl

W|éol`$ f`{forl ?577





Cgkgcl @arip{inl P{#Uilrrl

Cinip{rl kl dg @|d{|rl$ klp @fcc|ni`g{ifnp

l{ kl dg @fnki{ifn écininl

l{ cinip{rl rlpufnpgodl kl d’guudi`g{ifn

kl dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl

??<$ Hrgnkl Gddél Lp{$ 7lr é{ghl$ odf` G

W|éol` !W|éol`) H7_ <H<

Cgkgcl dg Cinip{rl$

@fnfrcécln{ å dg Dfi p|r d’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l$ m’gi d’afnnl|r kl zf|p urépln{lr dl _guufr{ gnn|ld

kl hlp{ifn ?575#?577 kl d’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl uf|r dg uérifkl `fcuripl ln{rl dl

7lr gzrid ?575 l{ dl 07 cgrp ?577$ w|i in{áhrl dl oidgn klp g`{izi{ép kl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil. Id zf|p

lp{ {rgnpcip uf|r kéuû{ å d’Gpplcodél ng{ifngdl.

@l rguufr{ urépln{l dlp rép|d{g{p fo{ln|p ugr d’F`l l{ ugr dg @fccippifn g| rlhgrk klp ìodlp qélp

kgnp dl Udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ln cg{iárl kl ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l ?559#?57;$ klp lnhghlcln{p énfn`ép ugr

d’|n l{ d’g|{rl kgnp dl|r ké`dgrg{ifn kl plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp$ l{ klp g|{rlp lqihln`lp réhdlcln{girlp l{

déhipdg{izlp g|qw|lddlp idp pfn{ gpp|ml{{ip.

Ln ufp{l klu|ip mgnzilr ?577$ ml urf{l k| kéuû{ kl `l rguufr{ uf|r rlclrìlr cg uréké`lppl|rl$

Ccl Jrgn`l Of|àlr$ dlp éw|iulp kl kirl`{ifn kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn ginpi w|l {f|{ dl ulrpfnnldkl `lp kl|q frhgnipclp$ kfn{ dlp `fcué{ln`lp l{ dlp lfr{p w|f{ikilnp hénárln{ |nl zéri{godl pynlrhil.

Ml {ilnp éhgdlcln{ å pf|dihnlr d’icufr{gn{l `fn{rio|{ifn kl nfp clcorlp l{ kl nfp ugr{lngirlp k| cfnkl

klp ggirlp$ ginpi w|l klp cidil|q hf|zlrnlcln{gd$ |nizlrpi{girl l{ gppfìg{i. [f|p ugr{iìuln{ g`{izlcln{

å girl k| rgnègip dg dgnh|l `fcc|nl kl dg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl.

Zl|iddl} ghrélr$ Cgkgcl dg Cinip{rl$ d’lqurlppifn kl cg `fnpikérg{ifn {ráp kip{inh|él.

Dg urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl$

Df|ipl Cgràgnk$ gzf`g{l

Cfn{régd$ f`{forl ?577




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL:

[godl klp cg{iárlpFjji`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l jrgnègipl

7

?

Ké`dgrg{ifn kl dg urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7?_guufr{ kl dg érii`g{ri`l in{lrnl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Clppghl kl dg urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7;

Clcorlp kl d’Fi`l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:

Jgi{p pgiddgn{p kl ?575#?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Fjji`l w|éoé`Fip kl dg dgnh|l jrgnègipl

Cippifn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?0

@fn{lq{l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?0

@diln{ádlp l{ cgnkg{p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?;

Plri`lp$ u|odi`g{ifnp l{ f|{idp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<

Frhgnipg{ifn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<@frup gkcinip{rg{i. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?:

Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl kl dg rgnìpg{ifn l{ k| {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?:

Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl klp plrzi`lp dinh|ip{iw|lp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?8

Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl klp plrzi`lp å dg hlp{ifn l{ klp fcc|ni`g{ifnp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?8

Kirl`{ifn kl dg rlàlràl l{ kl d’ézgd|g{ifn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?8

@fccippifn kl {fufnycil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?1

_lppf|r`lp a|cginlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?1

Kézldfuulcln{ klp ulrpfnnlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?1

Kf{g{ifn l{ cfoidi{é . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Lcog|àl$ rlurépln{g{izi{é l{ rép|d{g{p fcugrg{ip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Urfhrgccl k’gikl g|q lcudfyép . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0;_ldg{ifnp k| {rgzgid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0;

Pgn{é l{ pé`|ri{é g| {rgzgid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0;

[rgzg|q p|r d’lnhghlcln{ k| ulrpfnnld l{ p|r dg rl`fnngippgn`l ln cidil| kl {rgzgid . . . . . . . . . . . 0<

_lppf|r`lp ingnìárlp l{ cg{érilddlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0<

_lppf|r`lp jngnìárlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0<

_lppf|r`lp cg{érilddlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:

Frhgnihrgccl kl d’Fi`l g| 07 cgrp ?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:

_lppf|r`lp infrcg{ifnnlddlp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08

[lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08

_lppf|r`lp kf`|cln{girlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01

`gkrl kl hlp{iFn

Uaidfpfuail kl hlp{ifn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;7

Urinìulp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;7

Édécln{p fnp{i{|{ip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;7

Ké`dgrg{ifn kl gdl|rp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;0

Friln{g{ifnp p{rg{éhiw|lp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;<

P|ii kl hlp{ifn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;:

Égd|g{ifn klp urfhrgcclp ginpi w|l klp f|{idp l{ klp plri`lp flr{p ugr d’Fi`l . . . . . . . . . . . . ;:






0régdipg{iFnp kl d’Fjji`l ugr rguuFr{ g|q Foml`{ijpk| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;

Pfccgirl klp rép|d{g{p ?575#?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <7

F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L 7_lnfr`lr dg udg`l k| rgnègip kgnp dlp cidil|q kl {rggid l{ kgnp dlp plri`lp g| u|odi` . . . . . . . . <1

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.7 D’|pghl k| rgnègip kgnp d’lpug`l u|odi` w|éoé`fip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <1

Foml`{i 7.7.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <9

Foml`{i 7.7.?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :?

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.? Dg rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :0

Foml`{i 7.?.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :<

Foml`{i 7.?.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ::Foml`{i 7.?.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :8

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.0 Dg rgnìpg{ifn kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :1

Foml`{i 7.0.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :9

Foml`{i 7.0.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.; Dl rlpul`{ kl dg @agr{l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Foml`{i 7.;.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L ?@iodlr l{ ofniilr d’frl dinh|ip{iw|l$ {lrcinfdfhiw|l l{ {fufnyciw|l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8?

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.7 Dg {lrcinfdfhil kl dgnh|l rgnègipl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8?

Foml`{i ?.7.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8?

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.? Dlp f|{idp k’gikl å dg cgî{ripl k| rgnègip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Foml`{i ?.?.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Foml`{i ?.?.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Foml`{i ?.?.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8;

F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L 0Kf`|cln{lr dlp fnngippgn`lp p|r dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l l{ p|r dlp w|lp{ifnp

{f|àgn{ dg dgnh|l rgnègipl g| W|éol` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8<

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 0.7 Dl p|izi kl d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l g| W|éol` . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8<

Foml`{i 0.7.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8<

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 0.? D’lqulr{ipl ln cg{iárl k’gcénghlcln{ dinh|ip{iw|l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8<

Foml`{i 0.?.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8<

F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L ;Cl{{rl ln gdl|r dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl l{ édéorlr dg i{gdi{é k| rgnègip . . . . . . . . . 8:

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.7 Dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:

Foml`{i ;.7.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8:

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.? Dg plnpioidipg{ifn å dg zil ln rgnègip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Foml`{i ;.?.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Foml`{i ;.?.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Foml`{i ;.?.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL1


;<

F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L <

Cfklrniplr d’frl kl plri`l l{ g``rfî{rl dg ulrfrcgn`l kl d’frhgnipg{ifn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.7 Dl {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Foml`{i <.7.7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.? D’gkcinip{rg{ifn klp lqgclnp kl rgnègip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Foml`{i <.?.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Foml`{i <.?.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.0 Dg hlp{ifn klp fcué{ln`lp l{ klp pgzfirp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Foml`{i <.0.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Foml`{i <.0.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1?

Foml`{i <.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1?

régdipg{iFnp kl d’Fjji`l ugr rguuFr{ å dg ké`dgrg{iFn kl plrzi`lpg|q i{Fylnp

_ép|d{g{p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1<

guudi`g{iFn klp Fodihg{iFnp déhipdg{izlp l{ hF|zlrn lcln{gdlp

_lpufnpgoidi{é kl d’Fi`l ln cg{iárl kl fnngippgn`l k| rgnègip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

G``áp å d’infrcg{ ifn l{ urf{l`{ifn klp rlnplihnlcln{p ulrpfnnldp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Ufdi{iw|l hf|lrnlcln{gdl rldg{il å d’lcudfi l{ å dg w|gdi{é

kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kgnp d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Ufdi{iw|l k’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp dlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn

l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’Fi`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9;Ufdi{iw|l kl ingn`lcln{ klp plri`lp u|odi`p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9;

Ofnip g| rlnklcln{ g``frkép ln ?575#?577 uf|r dg uérifkl k’égd|g{ifn k| rlnklcln{

k| 7lr grid ?559 g| 07 cgrp ?575 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9<

Kéldfuulcln{ k|rgodl !KK). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9:

gnnlqlp

7 Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln å dg rgnìpg{ifn ugr dlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn

l{ klp fcc|ni`g{ifnp ![I@) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 758

Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp uf|r dg urfcf{ifn kl dg rgnìpg{ifn

kgnp dlp ln{rluriplp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759? Dfi p|r d’g``áp g|q kf`|cln{p klp frhgnipclp u|odi`p l{ p|r dg urf{l`{ifn

klp rlnplihnlcln{p ulrpfnnldp !D_W$ . G#?.7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775

0 Frhgnihrgccl kl d’Fi`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl g| 07 cgrp ?577. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777






dip{l klp {godlg|q

7 Ll`{i g|{fripé ugr |ni{é gkcinip{rg{izl l{ ugr `g{éhfril k’lcudfi !g| 07 cgrp ?577). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

? _éugr{i{ifn klp ulrpfnnlp lcog|àélp pldfn dl p{g{|{ k’lcudfi !?575#?577) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05

0 [g|q k’lcog|àl klp clcorlp klp hrf|ulp ìodlp pldfn dl p{g{|{ k’lcudfi !?575#?577) . . . . . . . . . . . . 07

; [g|q k’lcog|àl hdfog|q klp clcorlp klp hrf|ulp ìodlp pldfn dl p{g{|{ k’lcudfi !?551#?577) . . . . 0 7

< [g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é klp clcorlp klp hrf|ulp ìodlp pldfn dg g{éhfril k’lcudfi

!g| 07 cgrp ?577) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0?

: [g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é klp clcorlp klp hrf|ulp ìodlp !g| 07 cgrp) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0?

8 [g|q k’lcog|àl klp lcclp pldfn dl p{g{|{ k’lcudfi !?575#?577) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00

1 [g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é klp lcclp pldfn dg g{éhfril k’lcudfi !g| 07 cgrp ?577) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00

9 [godlg| `fcugrg{i klp kéulnplp ?559#?575 l{ ?575#?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0<

75 Nfcorl l{ uf|r`ln{ghl k’ln{rluriplp$ pldfn dlp é{gulp kl `lr{ii`g{ifn

!Lnplcodl k| W|éol`$ kl ?557#?55? å ?575#?577) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :;

77 Uf|r`ln{ghl k’frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn pldfn dlp é{gulp kl `lr{ ii`g{ifn

!Lnplcodl k| W|éol`$ kl ?55:#?558 å ?575#?577) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :1

7? Nfcorl k’frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn nfn `lr{iiép w|i fn{ fo{ln| |n `lr{ii`g{

kl `fnfrci{é g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l !Lnplcodl k| W|éol`$ 07 cgrp ?577). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:9





[godl klp cg{iárlpkl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil

0

7

?

Clppghl kl dg urépikln{l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <

Clcorlp kl dg @fccippifn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Jgi{p pgiddgn{p kl ?575#?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

W|ldw|lp `airlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

`FccippiFn kl {FuFnycil

Cippifn l{ cgnkg{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7<

@fn{lq{l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:

@diln{ádlp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Plri`lp$ u|odi`g{ifnp l{ f|{idp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Frhgnipg{ifn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Frhgnihrgccl kl dg @fccippifn g| 07 cgrp ?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

régdipg{iFnp kl dg FccippiFn ugr rguuFr{ g|q Foml`{ijpk| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;

Pfccgirl klp rép|d{g{p uf|r ?575#?577. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?0

F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L ?@iodlr l{ ofniilr d’frl dinh|ip{iw|l$ {lrcinfdfhiw|l l{ {fufnyciw|l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.0 Dg nfcln`dg{|rl héfhrguaiw|l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<

Foml`{i ?.0.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<

Foml`{i ?.0.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?8

Foml`{i ?.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?1

F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L ;Cl{{rl ln gdl|r dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl l{ édéorlr dg i{gdi{é k| rgnègip . . . . . . . . . ?9

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.? Dg plnpioidipg{ifn å dg zil ln rgnègip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Foml`{i ;.?.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.0 D’lqulr{ipl {fufnyciw|l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Foml`{i ;.0.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05

Foml`{i ;.0.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05

régdipg{iFnp kl dg `FccippiFn ugr rguuFr{ å dg ké`dgrg{iFn kl plrzi`lp

g|q i{Fylnp_ép|d{g{p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL7?

Ké`dgrg{ifnkl dg urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl

Dlp rlnplihnlcln{p `fn{ln|p kgnp dl rguufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn rldázln{ kl cg rlpufnpgoidi{é$ dgw|lddl

ufr{l p|r dg goidi{é klp kfnnélp `fn{ln|lp kgnp dl rguufr{ l{ klp `fn{rûdlp y gérln{p.

Dl _guufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn ?575#?577 kl d’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl zipl å =

  ké`rirl ikádlcln{ dg cippifn$ dlp cgnkg{p l{ dlp zgdl|rp kl d’frhgnipcl2

  urépln{lr dlp friln{g{ifnp p{rg{éhiw|lp$ dlp foml`{ip$ dlp inki`g{l|rp$ dlp `iodlp å g{{linkrl ginpi w|ldlp rép|d{g{p fo{ln|p2

  urépln{lr klp kfnnélp lqg`{lp l{ igodlp.

Ml ké`dgrl kfn` w|l dlp kfnnélp in`d|plp kgnp dl urépln{ rguufr{ `frrlpufnkln{ å dg pi{|g{ifn {lddl w|’lddl

pl urépln{gi{ g| 07 cgrp ?577 l{ w|l `lp rlnplihnlcln{p ginpi w|l dlp `fn{rûdlp y gérln{p pfn{ godlp.








_guufr{kl dg zériji`g{ri`l in{lrnl

Cgkgcl Df|ipl Cgràgnk

Urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl

F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl

Éki`l @gciddl#Dg|rin

7?<$ r|l Palrorffbl F|lp{

Cfn{régd !W|éol`) A?Q 7Q;

Cgkgcl dg Urépikln{l#Kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl$

Uf|r kfnnlr p|i{l g| cgnkg{ kl zéri`g{ifn in{lrnl w|l m’gi rlè| kl d’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l

rgnègipl$ ml cl p|ip gpp|rél w|l dl `fn{ln| k| rguufr{ gnn|ld$ uf|r d’lqlrì`l w|i p’lp{ {lrciné dl

07 cgrp ?577$ é{gi{ zgdiké.

@l{{l zgdikg{ifn g urip dg frcl k’|nl cippifn k’lqgcln l{ zipgi{ å g{{lp{lr w|l dlp kfnnélp p|r dg hlp{ifn$

ginpi w|l dlp rép|d{g{p urépln{ép rldg{izlcln{ g|q foml`{ip k| Udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ln cg{iárl kl ufdi{iw|l

dinh|ip{iw|l ?559#?57;$ pfn{ faérln{p l{ frrfofrép ugr k’g|{rlp pf|r`lp. D’lqgcln g fnpip{é å rl`|liddir

klp rlnplihnlcln{p$ å ll`{|lr klp gngdyplp$ å réziplr dlp `gd`|dp$ å fo{lnir klp uiá`lp m|p{i`g{izlp l{

å kip`|{lr klp kfnnélp f|rnilp.

D’gngdypl ginpi gi{l cl ulrcl{ kl `fn`d|rl w|l dlp rép|d{g{p urépln{ép kgnp dl _guufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn ?575#?577 kl d’F`l ginpi w|l dlp lqudi`g{ifnp `fnnlqlp cl ugrgippln{$ å {f|p éhgrkp$ udg|piodlp l{

`faérln{p.

Zl|iddl} ghrélr$ Cgkgcl dg Urépikln{l#Kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl$ clp pgd|{g{ifnp kip{inh|élp.

Dg zéri`g{ri`l in{lrnl$

Ciàldinl Fp{fm





FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL7;

Clppghlkl dg urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl

Ml p|ip al|rl|pl kl zf|p urépln{lr dl _guufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn ?575#?577 kl d’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl l{ dl _guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{izi{ép

?575#?577 kl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil. @’lp{ gzl` lr{é w|l ml rlnkp`fcu{l klp régdipg{ifnp kl lp kl|q frhgnipclp w|i pfn{ écinlccln{ fcué#{ln{p kgnp {f|p dl|rp gpul`{p.

Urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl kl d’F`l l{ urépikln{l kl dg @fccippifnklu|ip dl 75 mgnzilr ?577$ m’giclrgip k’gofrk rlclrìlr cg uréké`lppl|rl$Ccl Jrgn`l Of|àlr$ uf|r {f|p dlp lfr{p `fnpln{ip k|rgn{ pfn cgnkg{.

Id c’icufr{l ugr giddl|rp kl pf|dihnlr w|l dg rlkki{ifn kl `fcu{l kfn{ nf|p nf|p g`w|i{{fnp kgnp dl

urépln{ rguufr{ gnn|ld {écfihnl kl nl| cfip kl {rgzgid g``fcudi pf|p pg hf|zlrnl.Ml rlclrìl éhgdlcln{ dlp clcorlp kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn kl cícl w|l dlp clcorlp klp`fci{ép k’fìgdipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l l{ kl p|izi kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l uf|r dl|r hénérl|pl `fn{rio|{ifnå nfp g`{izi{ép. @lp ulrpfnnlp g``lu{ln{ kl ugr{ghlr dl|r dfnh|l lquériln`l l{ dl|r lqulr{ipl inkénigodlgzl` nfp frhgnipg{ifnp$ l{ dg `g|pl k| rgnègip n’ln lp{ w|l cil|q plrzil.

Ml urf{l lnn kl d’f``gpifn uf|r rlclrìlr {f|{ dl ulrpfnnld kl d’g``|lid w|’id c’g gi{ dfrp kl cfn grrizélln mgnzilr. Ml cl plnp urizidéhiél k’í{rl å dg ogrrl kl `lp kl|q frhgnipg{ifnp l{ m’y gi {rf|zé klp éw|iulprlcgrw|godlp ugr dl|r lnhghlcln{$ dl|r lrzl|r l{ dl|r ln{af|pigpcl cgnilp{l å uf|rp|izrl dlp cippifnpw|i nf|p pfn{ `fnélp. Lnplcodl$ g| `f|rp klp urfàginlp gnnélp$ nf|p nf|p lcudfilrfnp å rldlzlr dlpnfcorl|q kép w|i pl urépln{lrfn{ å nf|p.

Klp g`{ii{ép `fcudécln{girlp

Ginpi$ m’gi u| `fnp{g{lr w|l d’F`l zliddl gpp|récln{ g| rlpul`{ kl dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ugr{iìul g`{izlcln{ å dg cipl ln Ő|zrl kl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl$ in{lrziln{ rihf|rl|pl#cln{ ln cg{iárl k’fìgdipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l f| kl {lrcinfdfhil l{ gi{ dg urfcf{ifn k| rgnègip kl olddlpl{ c|d{iudlp gèfnp. Dg @fccippifn ugr{ghl `l cgnkg{$ ln ud|p k’inzln{frilr lqag|p{izlcln{ dlp nfcpkl dil|q$ kl zfir cé{afkiw|lcln{ å dl|r `fnplrzg{ifn l{ kl kénir `dgirlcln{ dlp nfrclp l{ dlp ráhdlpk’é`ri{|rl å rlpul`{lr uf|r `lp kénfcing{ifnp.

Klp in{lrln{ifnp p{rg{éhiw|lp

Kgnp |n zéri{godl lpuri{ kl `fn`lr{g{ifn$ d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn `fddgofrln{ gzl` dl @fnplid p|uéril|rkl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl l{ dl Pl`ré{grig{ å dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l gn kl `fn`ré{iplr |nl zipifn `fcc|nl$énfn`él kgnp dl Udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ln cg{iárl kl ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l ?559#?57;$ pfi{ ¢ R…S dg zfdfn{é kldg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl kl zizrl ln rgnègip kgnp |n `fn{lq{l kl kizlrpi{é l{ k’f|zlr{|rl p|r dl cfnkl ².D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn fn{ url|zl k’|nl rélddl l`gì{é kgnp dg uf|rp|i{l klp foml`{ip k| udgn p{rg#{éhiw|l l{ k’|nl `rég{izi{é pgnp ofrnl kgnp d’gkfu{ifn kl cfylnp gkgu{ép å dl|rp cippifnp rlpul`{izlp.

@l{{l zipifn `fcc|nl p’in`grnl ln kizlrp urfml{p$ ugr lqlcudl `ld|i ufr{gn{ p|r dg rézipifn kl dg Ufdi{iw|lhf|zlrnlcln{gdl rldg{izl å d’lcudfi l{ å dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kgnp d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn. Pf|p dgrlpufnpgoidi{é k| Pl`ré{grig{$ `l{{l nf|zlddl ufdi{iw|l g é{é gkfu{él ln cgrp ?577. D’F`l g ugr{iìué åpg cipl å mf|r l{ p’guudiw|l$ klu|ip$ å dg cl{{rl ln zgdl|r g|uráp klp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp k’É{g{.





Klp clp|rlp lj`g`lp

G| `f|rp kl dg klrniárl gnnél$ d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn fn{ oriddgccln{ gi{ g`l å klp lnml|q kl {giddl.Ml kfip pf|dihnlr dl|r zgp{l lqulr{ipl l{ inzi{lr dg ufu|dg{ifn å ké`f|zrir d’ézln{gid kl dl|rp urfhrgcclp$kl dl|rp plrzi`lp l{ kl dl|rp f|{idp. Kl nf|zlg|q lfr{p plrfn{ kéudfyép kgnp dl o|{ kl cil|q infrclrnfp `diln{ádlp hénérgdlp l{ puéìgdipélp. Klp `gcughnlp `fccl Clr i kl cl plrzir ln rgnègip l{ klpézénlcln{p {lddl dg Jrgn`fí{l ?577 g|hcln{ln{ nf{rl zipioidi{é l{ fn`f|rln{ å dg zgdfripg{ifn kl dg dgnh|lrgnègipl.

D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn fn{ dl pf|ì kl kézldfuulr l{ kl ki|plr klp f|{idp dinh|ip{iw|lp$ {lrcinfdfhiw|lpl{ {fufnyciw|lp gkgu{ép g|q olpfinp kl dg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl$ l{ pl cfn{rln{ lq{ríclcln{ urfk|`{ip

kgnp `l kfcginl. Nfn pl|dlcln{ dl {rgzgid w|f{ikiln klp {lrcinfdfh|lp l{ klp dinh|ip{lp w|i lnriàippln{Dl hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l l{ dg Ognw|l kl kéugnnghl dinh|ip{iw|l lp{ |{idl g|q urflppifnnldpkl dg dgnh|l$ cgip `lp f|{idp rlurépln{ln{ |nl pf|r`l in{grippgodl kl `fnngippgn`lp g``lppiodlp å {f|pl{ å {f|{lp$ hrg{|i{lcln{ l{ ln dihnl. D’|{idipg{ifn `rfippgn{l w|i ln lp{ gi{l {écfihnl kl dl|r riàlppl l{kl dl|r ulr{inln`l.

Å klp foml`{ip rldlzgn{ kl dg cgî{ripl kl dg dgnh|l p’ln gmf|{ln{ k’g|{rlp$ kfn{ l|q rldg{ip å dg uréufnké#rgn`l k| rgnègip kgnp d’lpug`l u|odi` w|éoé`fip. @fnpliddlrp l{ `fnpliddárlp ln rgnìpg{ifn$ puéìgdip{lpk| {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp {rgzgiddln{ kl `fn`lr{ l{ g``fcughnln{ dlp ln{rluriplp$ dlp cinip{árlp l{ dlpfrhgnipclp kgnp dl|rp kécgràlp kl rgnìpg{ifn. Ln ?575#?577$ 91 , klp udgin{lp kéufpélp å d’F`lfn{ ginpi é{é `frrihélp å dg pg{ipg`{ifn kl {f|{lp dlp ugr{ilp$ pgnp rl`f|rir g| Kirl`{l|r klp uf|rp|i{lp`ricinlddlp l{ uéngdlp. Ln f|{rl$ d’F`l p|i{ gppikòcln{ d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l g| W|éol`$

ugr{i`|diárlcln{ kgnp dg réhifn kl Cfn{régd$ l{ uréugrl ud|pil|rp é{|klp p|r dl p|ml{.

\nl réérln`l in`fn{f|rngodl

Ln ?577 l{ ln ?57?$ klp g`{izi{ép puéìgdlp pf|dihnlrfn{ dl <5l gnnizlrpgirl kl d’F`l l{ dlp 755 gnp klhlp{ifn klp nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol`. @fccl urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl kl d’F`l l{ urépikln{lkl dg @fccippifn$ ml p|ip gnicél k| ziorgn{ képir kl dlp girl cil|q `fnngî{rl l{ ml c’ln lrgi |n ufin{k’afnnl|r. Ml c’lcudfilrgi pgnp rldïàl å `l w|l dlp ì{fylnp l{ ì{fylnnlp k| W|éol` pgàln{ w|l nfpkl|q frhgnipg{ifnp n’g|rfn{ kl `lppl w|l dlp nfcorl|q l{ uréìl|q f|{idp cip å dl|r kipufpi{ifn pfiln{ln`frl ud|p |{idipép$ w|l `l pfi{ nfp pi{lp Xlo$ nf{rl ki`{ifnngirl$ nfp ognw|lp kl kfnnélp$ nfp oiodif#{aáw|lp$ nfp u|odi`g{ifnp f| ln`frl nfp f|{idp kl rgnìpg{ifn.

Uf|r dl ud|p hrgnk oiln kl dg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl l{ gzl` dl pf|{iln k’éw|iulp àlzrfnnélp$ ml c’lnhghlå clnlr kihnlcln{ dlp klp{inélp kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn l{ å rlnfr`lr dl|r icghl kl cgrw|l${gn{ g| W|éol` w|l kgnp dg rgn`fuafnil f| giddl|rp kgnp dl cfnkl.






FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL7:

Clcorlp kl d’Fjji`l

Ccl

Df|ipl Cgràgnk lp{ clcorl l{ urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl kl d’Fi`l w|éoé`fip kl dgdgnh|l rgnègipl ginpi w|l clcorl l{ urépikln{l kldg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil klu|ip ?577. Gzf`g{lkl frcg{ifn l{ clcorl k| Ogrrlg| k| W|éol`$ lddlg g`w|ip |nl zgp{l lquériln`l kl d’gkcinip{rg{ifnu|odiw|l å {i{rl kl hlp{ifnngirl kl ag|{l kirl`{ifn$ln ud|p k’gzfir é{é g`{izl {gn{ kgnp dl kfcginl klp`fcc|ni`g{ifnp w|l kgnp `ld|i klp rldg{ifnp k|{rgzgid. Ccl Cgràgnk g nf{gccln{ é{é urépikln{lkl dg @fccippifn kl d’éw|i{é pgdgrigdl guráp gzfiré{é `fccippgirl uf|r `l{{l cícl frhgnipg{ifn$zi`l#urépikln{l kl dg ffrking{ifn klp ufdi{iw|lp å dgJékérg{ifn klp àgcorlp kl `fcclr`l k| W|éol`

l{ kirl`{ri`l kl dg rlàlràl pfìfufdi{iw|l l{ klprldg{ifnp k| {rgzgid g| @fnplid k| ug{rfng{ k| W|éol`.

Ccl Cfniw|l @. @frcilr lp{ clcorl l{ urépikln{lk| @fci{é k’fìgdipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l klu|ip ?55?.[i{|dgirl k’|n kf`{frg{ ln {rgk|`{ifn kl d’|nizlrpi{éUgrip III#Pfrofnnl nf|zlddl$ k’|nl cgî{ripl l{k’|n og``gdg|rég{ ln {rgk|`{ifn kl d’\nizlrpi{é klCfn{régd$ lddl lp{ urflppl|rl {i{|dgirl l{ zi`l#kfylnnlg|q ggirlp urflppfrgdlp å dg Jg`|d{é klp gr{p l{ klppìln`lp kl d’\nizlrpi{é kl Cfn{régd. Plp {rgzg|q klrlàlràl ufr{ln{ p|r d’aip{firl klp ki`{ifnngirlp$ lnugr{i`|dilr dlp f|zrghlp oidinh|lp rgnègip#gnhdgip klpQZIIl l{ QZIIIl piá`dlp.

C. Hiddlp K|d|kl lp{ clcorl klu|ip 7999. Kiudûcéln rldg{ifnp ink|p{rilddlp kl d’\nizlrpi{é kl Cfn{régdl{ ln cgnghlcln{ kl d’\nizlrpi{é Xlp{lrn Fn{grif$id ufppákl ud|p kl {rln{l gnnélp k’lquériln`l lnhlp{ifn klp rlppf|r`lp a|cginlp$ klp `fcc|ni`g#{ifnp$ kl dg p{rg{éhil k| àgnhlcln{ l{ kl d’gcédifrg#{ifn kl dg urfk|`{izi{é. Klu|ip gzrid 7999$ C. K|d|klkirihl |nl éw|iul kl `fnp|d{gn{p ln rlppf|r`lpa|cginlp g| plin kl Pynlrhrf|ul$ plrzi`l#`fnplidln rlppf|r`lp a|cginlp.

Ccl Cgril Hlnkrfn lp{ clcorl klu|ip ?55<.Ogàldiárl áp gr{p kl d’\nizlrpi{é Oipafu’p$ lddl lp{

puéìgdip{l klp fcc|ni`g{ifnp l{ k| cgrbl{inh. G| dk| {lcup$ lddl g f``|ué kiérln{p ufp{lp = gngdyp{l g|cinip{árl k| @fnplid lqé`|{i$ kirl`{ri`l klp `fcc|#ni`g{ifnp l{ k| cgrbl{inh àl} Oldd @gngkg$ kirl`{ri`lklp rldg{ifnp u|odiw|lp å dg Pfìé{é _gkif#@gngkgl{ zi`l#urépikln{l g|q `fcc|ni`g{ifnp l{ g| cgrbl#{inh å d’Ghln`l cé{rfufdi{ginl kl {rgnpufr{$ uf|r n’lnnfcclr w|l w|ldw|lp#|np. Lddl lp{ g|mf|rk’a|i kirl`#{ri`l hénérgdl$ Fuérg{ifn pfìé{gdl$ uf|r dg Jfnkg{ifnD|ìl#l{#Gnkré#@aghnfn.

C. Mg`w|lp Hfppldin lp{ clcorl klu|ip ?559.Id ufppákl |n kf`{frg{$ |nl cgî{ripl l{ |n og``gdg|#rég{ ln krfi{ ginpi w|’|n og``gdg|rég{ ln grài{l`{|rlkl d’\nizlrpi{é Dgzgd. C. Hfppldin lp{ pf|p#cinip{rlgppfìé rlpufnpgodl kl d’guudi`g{ifn kl dg ufdi{iw|ldinh|ip{iw|l klu|ip gfò{ ?559. Clcorl kl dg fn`{ifnu|odiw|l w|éoé`fipl klu|ip |nl zinh{ginl k’gnnélp$id g nf{gccln{ {rgzgiddé g| Pl`ré{grig{ g|q ggirlpin{lrhf|zlrnlcln{gdlp `gngkilnnlp$ g| cinip{árl kldg M|p{i`l ginpi w|’g| Pl`ré{grig{ å dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip#{iw|l.

C. Éri` Ngklg| lp{ pl`ré{girl kl d’Fi`l klu|ip?55<. Clcorl k| Ogrrlg| k| W|éol` klu|ip 799<$

Cl

Ngklg| ghi{ `fccl `fnpliddlr m|rikiw|l å d’F`lklu|ip 7999.

C. _lné _fy lp{ clcorl klu|ip ?55?. [làniìlnln édl`{riì{é kl frcg{ifn$ id lp{ rl`fnn|$ ugr dgp|i{l$ `fnpliddlr ln rldg{ifnp ink|p{rilddlp. C. _fy lp{pl`ré{girl hénérgd kl dg Jékérg{ifn klp {rgzgiddl|rp l{{rgzgiddl|plp k| W|éol` !J[W) l{ pl`ré{girl k| Jfnkpkl pfdikgri{é J[W klu|ip 7991. Id g f``|ué dl ufp{l klzi`l#urépikln{ kl dg J[W kl 7918 å 7991. Id ufppákl|nl hrgnkl lquériln`l ln néhfìg{ifn l{ hlp{ifn kl`fnji{p.

C. Cgr` [lrcf{l lp{ clcorl l{ urépikln{ k|

@fci{é kl p|izi kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l klu|ip?559. [i{|dgirl k’|n kf`{frg{ ln krfi{ l{ k’|n kf`{frg{ln pìln`lp é`fnfciw|lp kl d’\nizlrpi{é kl Df|zginginpi w|l k’|nl cgî{ripl ln pìln`lp réhifngdlp kld’\nizlrpi{é kl Ulnnpydzgnil$ id lp{ urflppl|r afnf#rgirl å d’Inp{i{|{ ng{ifngd kl dg rlàlràl pìln{iw|ll{ urflppl|r gppfìé å d’\nizlrpi{é kl Cfn{régd. Plpàgcup kl rlàlràl urizidéhiép pfn{ dg kécfhrg#uail |roginl l{ réhifngdl$ dlp cihrg{ifnp in{lrnlp l{in{lrng{ifngdlp$ dg kécfdinh|ip{iw|l l{ dlp urézipifnpkécfhrguaiw|lp.

C. Mfan [rln{ lp{ clcorl klu|ip ?55<. [i{|dgirlk’|n og``gdg|rég{ ln pìln`l ufdi{iw|l kl d’\nizlr#

pi{é Agrzgrk l{ k’|nl cgî{ripl ln pìln`l ufdi{iw|l kld’\nizlrpi{é kl Cfn{régd$ id g é{é urflppl|r å d’\nizlr#pi{é k’F{{gxg ulnkgn{ ud|p kl ?< gnp. Id lp{ cgin{l#ngn{ àlràl|r g| @ln{rl k’é{|klp ln hf|zlrngn`lå d’\nizlrpi{é k’F{{gxg$ l{ plp {rgzg|q ufr{ln{ p|r dg{rgnpfrcg{ifn klp Ng{ifnp |nilp$ dg réfrcl ufdi{iw|lg| @gngkg$ dlp cinfri{ép dinh|ip{iw|lp l{ dl kézldfu#ulcln{ kl dg pìln`l ufdi{iw|l.





Clcorlp kl d’Fjji`l

Urlciárl rgnhél$ kl hg|àl å krfi{l C clp Cgril Hlnkrfn$ Df|ipl Cgràgnk l{ Cfniw|l @. @frcilr

Kl|qiácl rgnhél$ kl hg|àl å krfi{l CC. Mg`w|lp Hfppldin$ Hiddlp K|d|kl$ _lné _fy$ Cgr` [lrcf{l l{ Éri` Ngklg|

Gopln{ = C. Mfan [rln{





Jgi{p pgiddgn{p kl ?575#?577

\nl nf|lddl urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl

  Dl 7< ké`lcorl ?575$ dl @fnplid klp cinip{rlp g nfccé Ccl Df|ipl Cgràgnk clcorl l{ urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl kl d’Fi`l$ ginpi w|l clcorl l{ urépikln{l kl dg @fccippifn. Ccl Cgràgnk lp{ln{rél ln fn`{ifn dl 75 mgnzilr ?577 l{ p|``ákl å Ccl Jrgn`l Of|àlr.

\nl urépln`l cékig{iw|l pf|{ln|l

  Dg urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl ln{lnk girl cil|q `fnngî{rl dlp kizlrplp régdipg{ifnp kl d’Fi`ll{ kl dg @fccippifn$ ln{rl g|{rlp ugr |nl urépln`l g``r|l kgnp dlp cékigp. Guráp gzfir lqufpé pgzipifn kgnp |nl dl{{rl f|zlr{l$ lddl g nf{gccln{ g``frké klp ln{rlz|lp å klp w|f{ikilnp l{ å klp

p{g{ifnp kl rgkif. Ccl Cgràgnk g g|ppi ugr{iìué å |nl ré|nifn kgnp dl `gkrl kl dg Plcginl kl dgrgn`fuafnil l{ g urfnfn`é |nl `fnérln`l dfrp kl dg 79l rln`fn{rl klp clcorlp klp `fci{ép klrgnìpg{ifn kl dg J[W.

Klp in{lrln{ifnp pfdikgirlp uf|r dg urfcf{ifn k| rgnègip

  D’Fi`l |ni{ plp lfr{p å `l|q klp hlnp k’ggirlp l{ klp ugr{lngirlp pfìfé`fnfciw|lp kgnp dlpkizlrplp kécgràlp rg{{gàélp å dg P{rg{éhil `fcc|nl k’in{lrzln{ifn uf|r Cfn{régd ?551#?570$Dl rgnègip$ nf{rl ggirl å {f|p$ gkfu{él dl 75 f`{forl ?575.

  Ln zih|l|r klu|ip 799:$ dg Ufdi{iw|l hf|zlrnlcln{gdl rldg{izl å d’lcudfi l{ å dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|lrgnègipl kgnp d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn g gi{ d’foml{$ ln `f|rp k’gnnél$ k’|nl g`{|gdipg{ifn uf|r dgw|lddl dlp`fccln{girlp kl nfcorl kl cinip{árlp l{ k’frhgnipclp k’É{g{ fn{ é{é pfddiì{ép. Z| plp `fcué{ln`lpln dg cg{iárl$ d’Fi`l g g`{izlcln{ ugr{iìué å dg rédlqifn ln{f|rgn{ `l{{l nf|zlddl zlrpifn. Id frlcgin{lngn{ pfn pf|{iln g|q frhgnipg{ifnp w|i kfizln{ rlzfir dl|r urfurl ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l l{ pl`fnfrclr g|q `dg|plp gkfu{élp ln cgrp ?577.

@grrlf|r rgnìpg{ifn

  Klp{iné g|q ul{i{lp ln{rluriplp l{ g|q `fcclr`lp cfn{régdgip$ dl @grrlf|r rgnìpg{ifn g é{é p|ozln#{ifnné ugr d’Fi`l kgnp dl `gkrl k| Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp uf|r dg urfcf{ifn k|rgnègip kgnp dlp ln{rluriplp. @l pi{l lp{ |n h|iàl{ |niw|l rgpplcodgn{ klp rlnplihnlcln{p p|r dlpurfhrgcclp$ dlp plrzi`lp l{ dlp p|ozln{ifnp |{idlp å dg rgnìpg{ifn !xxx.`grrlf|rrgnìpg{ifn.`fc) .

Dlp cf{p kl dg zfil

  Dl ufr{gid {lrcinfdfhiw|l lrrfzigirl Dlp cf{p kl dg zfil$ dgn`é ln cgrp ?577$ g é{é `fnè| uf|r girl dgurfcf{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp `l pl`{l|r k’g`{izi{é l{ g| {rgzgid. D’Fi`l g nfn pl|dlcln{ `fn{rio|é ingn#ìárlcln{ g| kézldfuulcln{ kl `l pi{l Xlo$ cgip id g éhgdlcln{ f|rni klp rlppf|r`lp puéìgdipélpuf|r {f|{lp dlp é{gulp kl dg régdipg{ifn k| `fru|p dinh|ip{iw|l !xxx.dlpcf{pkldgzfil.`g) .





Klp cfkij`g{ifnp å dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl

  Dl 79 f`{forl ?575$ dl urfml{ kl dfi n½ 77< g é{é gkfu{é l{ pgn`{ifnné$ klzlngn{ dg Dfi gipgn{ p|i{lg|q kéìpifnp m|kiìgirlp ln cg{iárl kl dgnh|l k’lnplihnlcln{ !DW$ ?575$ `. ?0). @l{{l dfi cfkiil dg@agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl. Ud|pil|rp àgnhlcln{p pfn{ guufr{ép ln cg{iárl kl dgnh|l k’lnpli#hnlcln{$ gdfrp w|l k’g|{rlp {f|àln{ dlp kipufpi{ifnp uéngdlp. @l pfn{ `lp klrniárlp cfkii`g{ifnpw|i in{érlppln{ {f|{ ugr{i`|diárlcln{ d’Fi`l.

Dlp gclnklp uréz|lp å d’gr{i`dl ?5< kl dg @agr{l fn{ é{é rlz|lp å dg ag|ppl$ {gn{ uf|r dlp ulrpfnnlpuaypiw|lp w|l uf|r dlp ulrpfnnlp cfrgdlp. G| cfcln{ kl ké{lrcinlr dl cfn{gn{ k’|nl gclnkl$ dlp

m|hlp klzrfn{ képfrcgip {lnir `fcu{l klp rlzln|p l{ klp g|{rlp gzgn{ghlp w|’|n fn{rlzlngn{ g {irép

kl dg ulrué{rg{ifn kl d’inrg`{ifn$ ginpi w|l k| urém|ki`l l{ klp `fnpéw|ln`lp pfìfé`fnfciw|lp w|iln rép|d{ln{. P’gmf|{ln{ å `lp édécln{p klp kipufpi{ifnp rldg{izlp å |nl gclnkl p|uudécln{girl uf|rdg ulrpfnnl ké`dgrél `f|ugodl$ å dg ugr{iìug{ifn å |nl inrg`{ifn$ å |nl inrg`{ifn `fccipl ugr |nghln{$ |n cgnkg{girl f| |n lcudfyé$ kl cícl w|’å |n kédgi kl urlp`riu{ifn gddfnhé.

Pgil}#f|p w|l…Dl 07¥cgrp$ Ccl @arip{inl¥P{#Uilrrl$ cinip{rlrlpufnpgodl kl dg @agr{l$ g urépln{é dg cf{ifn p|izgn{l$w|i g é{é gkfu{él å d’|ngnici{é = ¢ W|l d’Gpplcodélng{ifngdl pf|dihnl dlp <5lp¥gnnizlrpgirlp kl dg rég{ifnk| cinip{árl klp Ggirlp |d{|rlddlp l{ kl d ’F`lw|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl. ²



7

Fjji`l w|éoé`fip

kl dg dgnh|l jrgnègipl





7Fjji`l w|éoé`fipkl dg dgnh|l jrgnègipl

7.7 CippifnD’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl lp{ |n frhgnipcl k’É{g{ kfn{ dg cippifn lp{ {rg`él ugr dg @agr{l

kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl l{ dlp ráhdlcln{p w|i ln réhippln{ d’guudi`g{ifn. D’F`l g uf|r cippifn kl kénir

l{ kl `fnk|irl dg ufdi{iw|l w|éoé`fipl ln cg{iárl k’fìgdipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l$ kl {lrcinfdfhil ginpi w|l

kl rgnìpg{ifn kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn l{ klp ln{rluriplp. Id lp{ éhgdlcln{ àgrhé k’gpp|rlr dl rlpul`{ kl

dg dfi. Lnn$ id p|rzliddl d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l g| W|éol` l{ ln gi{ rguufr{ g| cinip{rl g|

cfinp {f|p dlp ìnw gnp.

D’F`l zliddl å `l w|l dl rgnègip pfi{ dg dgnh|l nfrcgdl l{ agoi{|lddl k| {rgzgid$ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp$

k| `fcclr`l l{ klp ggirlp kgnp d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn l{ dlp ln{rluriplp. Id gikl å kénir l{ å édgofrlr dlpurfhrgcclp kl rgnìpg{ifn uréz|p ugr dg dfi l{ ln p|i{ d’guudi`g{ifn. Id ul|{ g|ppi urlnkrl {f|{lp dlp

clp|rlp |{idlp uf|r gpp|rlr dg urfcf{ifn k| rgnègip. Id ul|{ gppip{lr l{ infrclr d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn$ dlp

frhgnipclp ugrgu|odi`p$ dlp ln{rluriplp$ dlp gppfìg{ifnp kizlrplp l{ dlp ulrpfnnlp uaypiw|lp ln `l

w|i `fn`lrnl dg `frrl`{ifn l{ d’lnriàipplcln{ kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl ugrdél l{ é`ri{l g| W|éol`. Id ul|{

éhgdlcln{ rl`lzfir dl|rp foplrzg{ifnp l{ p|hhlp{ifnp p|r dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl ginpi w|l p|r

dlp ki`|d{ép k’guudi`g{ifn kl dg dfi l{ ln girl rguufr{ g| cinip{rl. Id ul|{ é{godir klp ufdi{iw|lp gn kl

ogdiplr d’|pghl k| rgnègip$ pl kf{lr kl urfhrgcclp kl urfk|`{ifn$ kl ki|pifn l{ k’gppip{gn`l {lrcinf#

dinh|ip{iw|lp l{$ p|r urfufpi{ifn k| @fci{é k’fìgdipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l$ rl`fccgnklr f| nfrcgdiplr klp

{lrclp l{ lqurlppifnp. Lnn$ id é{godi{ dlp urfhrgcclp kl rlàlràl né`lppgirlp å d’guudi`g{ifn kl dg dfi l{

ul|{ `fn`d|rl klp ln{ln{lp f| ugr{iìulr å klp urfml{p `fcc|np gzl` {f|{l ulrpfnnl f| {f|{ frhgnipcl.

7.? @fn{lq{lKiérln{p g`{l|rp kécfhrguaiw|lp$ é`fnfciw|lp$ pfìg|q l{ `|d{|rldp inj|ln`ln{ dlp g`{ifnp kl d’F`l.

Ugrdé ugr |nl zgp{l cgmfri{é kl dg ufu|dg{ifn w|éoé`fipl$ cgip dgnh|l cinfri{girl g| @gngkg l{ ln

Gcériw|l k| Nfrk$ dl rgnègip fn{in|l kl girl d’foml{ kl nfcorl|plp urlppifnp$ y fcurip g| W|éol`. Dg

ké`rfippgn`l kl dg ugr{ w|l rlurépln{ln{ dlp rgn`fuafnlp g| @gngkg$ d’g``rfipplcln{ k’|nl iccihrg{ifn

kl ud|p ln ud|p kizlrpiél l{ dl giodl {g|q kl é`fnki{é kl dg ufu|dg{ifn rgn`fuafnl klu|ip dl cidil|

klp gnnélp 79:5 fn{ é{é `fnrcép ugr dl rl`lnplcln{ kl ?55: l{ kfizln{ képfrcgip í{rl `fnpikérép

`fccl klp {lnkgn`lp df|rklp gl`{gn{ dl p{g{|{ k| rgnègip. Å `ldg p’gmf|{ln{ dlp fr`lp kfcingn{lp

k| cgràé nfrk#gcéri`gin$ d’|pghl réugnk| klp nf|zlddlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn$ d’lqugnpifn kl

d’gnhdgip g| plin klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp in{lrng{ifngdlp l{ dg cfnkigdipg{ifn klp g`{izi{ép é`fnfciw|lp$g|{gn{ kl g`{l|rp w|i gzfripln{ d’|pghl kl d’gnhdgip. @l{{l pi{|g{ifn g klp ll{p `lr{ginp p|r dg kyngciw|l

dinh|ip{iw|l kgnp dlp cidil|q kl {rgzgid$ kgnp dlp g`{izi{ép é`fnfciw|lp l{ `fcclrìgdlp$ ginpi w|l klp

inìkln`lp p|r dg cgî{ripl l{ dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl.




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL?;

Fjji`l w|éoé`fipkl dg dgnh|l jrgnègipl7

D’frhgnipcl rlpplcodl$ ln hénérgd$ å d’lnplcodl kl d’guugrlid hf|zlrnlcln{gd$ nf{gccln{ ln `l w|i g {rgi{

g| ziliddipplcln{ kl pfn ulrpfnnld. Id p’ln kip{inh|l `lulnkgn{ ugr pfn cgnkg{ ugr{i`|dilr k’guudi`g{ifn

kl dg dfi zipgn{ å rgnìplr dl W|éol`. G|ppi$ gn kl pl kfnnlr dlp cfylnp kl uf|rp|izrl pg cippifn l{ kl

rlcudir gkéw|g{lcln{ dlp cgnkg{p w|i d|i pfn{ `fnép$ d’F`l g édgofré `lr{ginlp clp|rlp gkcinip{rg#

{izlp uf|r gpp|rlr dg rldázl klp ulrpfnnlp w|i w|i{{ln{ d’frhgnipcl. Id p’lcudfil éhgdlcln{ å rlnf|zldlr

d’inrgp{r|`{|rl infrcg{iw|l né`lppgirl g| p|izi l`g`l kl dg rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp$ klp cinip{árlp

l{ klp frhgnipclp l{ å gkgu{lr dg udg{lfrcl dfhiìlddl k| Hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l g|q nf|zlddlp

régdi{ép {lànfdfhiw|lp l{ g|q olpfinp klp |pghlrp l{ klp ugr{lngirlp.

7.0 @diln{ádlp l{ cgnkg{pDlp cgnkg{p fnép å d’F`l {f|àln{ d’lnplcodl klp W|éoé`fip l{ klp W|éoé`fiplp$ ud|p ugr{i`|diá#

rlcln{ dlp {rgzgiddl|rp l{ dlp fnpfccg{l|rp$ l{ pl rép|cln{ ginpi =

  zliddlr g| rlpul`{ kl dg @agr{l$ ln `l w|i g {rgi{ g|ppi oiln å dg dgnh|l k| {rgzgid w|’å dg urf{l`{ifn k|krfi{ klp `fnpfccg{l|rp k’fo{lnir klp urfk|i{p l{ klp plrzi`lp ln rgnègip2

  gpp|rlr dg rgnìpg{ifn klp cidil|q kl {rgzgid2

  frir å dg ufu|dg{ifn w|éoé`fipl klp f|{idp {lrcinfdfhiw|lp l{ dinh|ip{iw|lp gkéw|g{p$ gin kl gìdi{lrd’gcénghlcln{ k| `fru|p kl dg dgnh|l l{ k’gpp|rlr |nl ud|p hrgnkl cgî{ripl k| rgnègip ugrdé l{ é`ri{g| W|éol`2

  p|rzliddlr d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l g| W|éol`$ nf{gccln{ ln `l w|i `fn`lrnl d’|pghl$ dgcgî{ripl l{ dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ ginpi w|l dlp fcufr{lcln{p l{ dlp g{{i{|klp klp kiérln{phrf|ulp dinh|ip{iw|lp2

  rl`fnngî{rl klp frhgnipclp ln zlr{| kl d’gr{i`dl ?9.7 kl dg @agr{l l{ guurf|zlr dlp udgnp kl plrzi`lpln rgnègip kl cícl w|l dlp `ri{árlp l{ dlp cfkgdi{ép kl zérii`g{ifn kl dg `fnngippgn`l k| rgnègipkl `lp frhgnipclp2

  zériilr dg `fnngippgn`l k| rgnègip kl `lr{ginp clcorlp klp frkrlp urflppifnnldp l{ p{g{|lr p|r dlrlnf|zlddlcln{ klp ulrcip {lcufrgirlp w|i dl|r pfn{ kédizrép$ dl `gp éàégn{2

  lqlr`lr p|r klcgnkl dl rûdl kl cékig{l|r `fn`lrngn{ d’lqihln`l gi{l ugr |n lcudfyl|r kl `fnngî{rl

|nl g|{rl dgnh|l w|l dg dgnh|l fiìlddl uf|r gzfir g``áp å |n lcudfi f| å |n ufp{l.






7.; Plrzi`lp$ u|odi`g{ifnp l{ f|{idpD’F`l p’g`w|i{{l kl plp cgnkg{p ln frgn{ nf{gccln{ dlp plrzi`lp$ dlp u|odi`g{ifnp l{ dlp f|{idp

p|izgn{p =

  klp `gup|dlp k’infrcg{ifn p|r dg @agr{l ki|pélp ugr d’ln{rlcipl kl pfn plrzi`l kl rlnplihnlcln{phénérg|q l{ kl pfn pi{l Xlo2

  kl d’gppip{gn`l#`fnplid ln cg{iárl kl rgnìpg{ifn l{ kl d’gppip{gn`l {làniw|l ln cg{iárl kl rgnìpg#{ifn klp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp2

  klp urfhrgcclp k’gikl ingnìárl å d’in{ln{ifn klp ln{rluriplp `fcu{gn{ ln{rl 77 l{ 99 lcudfyép$ klpgppfìg{ifnp ginpi w|l klp {rfip hrgnklp `ln{rgdlp pynki`gdlp2

  |n plrzi`l k’ézgd|g{ifn kl dg fnngippgn`l k| rgnègip kl lr{ginp clcorlp klp frkrlp urflppifnnldp2

  klp plrzi`lp l{ klp f|{idp {lrcinfdinh|ip{iw|lp$ {ldp w|l klp `fnp|d{g{ifnp {lrcinfdfhiw|lp l{ dinh|ip#{iw|lp ulrpfnngdipélp$ Dl hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l$ dg Ognw|l kl kéugnnghl dinh|ip{iw|l l{dlp inzln{girlp kl {rgzg|q {lrcinfdfhiw|lp ki|pép kgnp In{lrnl{2

  klp u|odi`g{ifnp$ kfn{ Dl rgnègip g| o|rlg| l{ Gzfir ofn hlnrl å d’é`ri{$ klp dlqiw|lp l{ klp zf`go|#dgirlp$ klp h|iklp l{ klp ufdi{iw|lp2

  klp gpì`|dlp k’inki`g{l|rp l{ klp é{|klp ulrcl{{gn{ kl p|izrl d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l2

  klp oiodif{aáw|lp fù dlp `fddl`{ifnp pfn{ ciplp å dg kipufpi{ifn k| ulrpfnnld l{ k| hrgnk u|odi`.

7.< Frhgnipg{ifn Ginpi w|l dl urézfi{ d’gr{i`dl 7:< kl dg @agr{l$ d’F`l pl `fcufpl kl a|i{ clcorlp$ kfn{ dg urépikln{l#

kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl. Dlp clcorlp lqlr`ln{ dlp rlpufnpgoidi{ép w|i dl|r pfn{ kézfd|lp ugr dg dfi ln `l w|i

g {rgi{ å dg rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp$ klp cinip{árlp l{ klp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn$ å d’fìg#

dipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l$ ginpi w|’g| p|izi kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l.

Uf|r p’g`w|i{{lr kl plp cgnkg{p k’fìgdipg{ifn l{ kl p|izi kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l$ d’F`l p’guu|il p|r

dlp gzip l{ dlp {rgzg|q kl kl|q `fci{ép k’lqulr{p$ dl @fci{é k’fìgdipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l l{ dl @fci{é klp|izi kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l$ frcép `fnfrcécln{ å d’gr{i`dl 7:<.77 kl dg @agr{l l{ urépikép àg`|n

ugr |n clcorl kl d’F`l.




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL?:


7.: @frup gkcinip{rg{iDl `frup gkcinip{rg{i kl d’F`l lp{ `fnp{i{|é kl {rfip kirl`{ifnp hénérgdlp = dg Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl kl dg

rgnìpg{ifn l{ k| {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp$ dg Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl klp plrzi`lp dinh|ip{iw|lp l{ dg Kirl`{ifn

hénérgdl klp plrzi`lp å dg hlp{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp. Dg Kirl`{ifn kl dg rlàlràl l{ kl d’ézgd|g{ifn

`fcudá{l dl {f|{.

Ugr giddl|rp$ ginpi w|l dl urézfi{ d’gr{i`dl 7?? kl dg @agr{l$ dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil lp{ inp{i{|él l{ rg{{g#

àél gkcinip{rg{izlcln{ å d’F`l. Dg @fccippifn lp{ `fcufpél kl plu{ clcorlp$ kfn{ |n urépikln{$

nfccép ugr dl hf|zlrnlcln{ uf|r g| ud|p ìnw gnp. Dg @fccippifn lp{ kfn` g|{fnfcl ln `l w|i g

{rgi{ å dg régdipg{ifn kl pg cippifn !zfir dl rguufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{izi{ép urépln{é å dg n kl `l kf`|cln{)$cgip d’F`l d|i f|rni{ {f|p dlp plrzi`lp gkcinip{rg{ip né`lppgirlp uf|r gpp|rlr pfn fn`{ifnnlcln{ l{

ln rlnk `fcu{l kgnp dl urépln{ rguufr{.

7.:.7 Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl kl dg rgnìpg{ifn l{ k| {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp

@l{{l kirl`{ifn hénérgdl rlcudi{ |n kf|odl cgnkg{. K’|nl ugr{$ lddl kfi{ gpp|rlr l{ cgin{lnir dg rgnì#

pg{ifn klp cidil|q kl {rgzgid$ w|’id p’ghippl klp ln{rluriplp kl <5 lcudfyép f| ud|p f| klp frhgnipclp

kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn$ l{ `l$ `fnfrcécln{ g|q kipufpi{ifnp kl dg @agr{l$ klp ráhdlcln{p y gérln{p l{

klp kiérln{lp ufdi{iw|lp#`gkrlp. Å `l{{l n$ lddl kézldfuul l{ f|rni{$ ln{rl g|{rlp$ kl d’lqulr{ipl ln

cg{iárl kl rgnìpg{ifn klp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp. Lddl régdipl g|ppi klp

in{lrzln{ifnp ugr{i`|diárlp zipgn{ nf{gccln{ å rgnìplr dlp urfk|i{p flr{p g|q `fnpfccg{l|rp. Lnn$

lddl gkcinip{rl klp lqgclnp kl rgnègip å `lr{ginp clcorlp klp frkrlp urflppifnnldp$ gn kl p’gpp|rlrw|l `lp ulrpfnnlp ul|zln{ `fcc|niw|lr ln rgnègip kgnp dl|r cidil| kl {rgzgid.

K’g|{rl ugr{$ lddl zliddl g| rlpul`{ kl dg @agr{l w|i gi{ k| rgnègip dg dgnh|l k| {rgzgid$ klp `fcc|ni`g#

{ifnp$ k| `fcclr`l l{ klp ggirlp g| W|éol`$ l{ {rgi{l kfn` dlp udgin{lp kéufpélp ugr dl u|odi` uf|r

nfn#rlpul`{ kl dg dfi.

Uf|r p’g`w|i{{lr kl `lp rlpufnpgoidi{ép$ dg Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl kl dg rgnìpg{ifn l{ k| {rgi{lcln{ klp

udgin{lp frl klp plrzi`lp#`fnplidp å ugr{ir klp o|rlg|q kl d’F`l å Cfn{régd l{ å W|éol`$ l{ kl piq

g|{rlp o|rlg|q ln réhifn !_icf|pbi$ Pgh|lngy$ [rfip#_iziárlp$ Palrorffbl$ _f|yn#Nfrgnkg l{ Hg{inlg|).






7.:.? Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl klp plri`lp dinh|ip{iw|lp

@l{{l kirl`{ifn hénérgdl gpp|cl dg rlpufnpgoidi{é kl dg urfk|`{ifn$ kl dg ki|pifn l{ kl d’gppip{gn`l {lrci#

nfdinh|ip{iw|lp. Lddl uf|rp|i{ éhgdlcln{ dlp réjlqifnp né`lppgirlp å d’lqudiì{g{ifn kl dg nfrcl dinh|ip{iw|l

k| rgnègip å urfcf|zfir g| W|éol`.

Ginpi$ lddl gpp|rl dg cipl å mf|r l{ d’lnriàipplcln{ k| Hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l$ w|i `fnp{i{|l

|nl réérln`l ln cg{iárl kl kéni{ifn l{ kl {rgk|`{ifn !ln rgnègip l{ ln gnhdgip) g``lppiodl hrg{|i{lcln{

kgnp In{lrnl{$ l{ cl{ å dg kipufpi{ifn klp cékigp |n plrzi`l ulrpfnngdipé$ guuldé IccékiE{. Kl cícl$

lddl frl |n plrzi`l kl `fnp|d{g{ifnp {griélp å d’in{ln{ifn kl dg ufu|dg{ifn w|éoé`fipl l{ rlnk kipufniodl

å {f|p dlp in{lrng|{lp dg Ognw|l kl kéugnnghl dinh|ip{iw|l$ w|i urfufpl klp réufnplp g|q w|lp{ifnp dlp

ud|p réw|ln{lp ufr{gn{ p|r dg pyn{gql$ dg hrgccgirl$ d’fr{afhrgual l{ g|{rlp ufin{p kl dgnh|l.

Lnn$ lddl `fddgofrl å d’é{godipplcln{ l{ å dg nfrcgdipg{ifn kl dg {lrcinfdfhil héfhrguaiw|l kl dg @fccip#

pifn l{ gpp|rl g|ppi dl pl`ré{grig{ k| @fci{é k’fìgdipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l.

7.:.0 Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl klp plri`lp å dg hlp{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp

@l{{l kirl`{ifn hénérgdl `fnpliddl dlp hlp{ifnngirlp ln cg{iárl kl hlp{ifn klp rlppf|r`lp a|cginlp$

ngnìárlp$ infrcg{ifnnlddlp l{ cg{érilddlp. Lddl édgofrl kizlrp urfhrgcclp l{ clp|rlp å d’in{ln{ifn

k| ulrpfnnld$ ln{rl g|{rlp ln cg{iárl kl kézldfuulcln{ klp `fcué{ln`lp ginpi w|l kl pgn{é l{ kl

pé`|ri{é g| {rgzgid. Lddl lp{ àgrhél kl d’inp{gddg{ifn l{ kl d’lqudfi{g{ifn k| réplg| infrcg{iw|l$ ginpi w|l

kl d’icudgn{g{ifn l{ k| kézldfuulcln{ klp pyp{áclp k’infrcg{ifn. Lddl gpp|rl g|ppi dg hlp{ifn kl kl|q

oiodif{aáw|lp l{ d’gràizghl.

@l{{l kirl`{ifn hénérgdl lp{ éhgdlcln{ rlpufnpgodl klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp in{lrnlp l{ lq{lrnlp$ l{ mf|l

å `l{ éhgrk |n rûdl kl `fnplid g|uráp kl dg kirl`{ifn l{ klp |ni{ép gkcinip{rg{izlp. Jingdlcln{$ lddl lp{

àgrhél kl d’éki{ifn klp u|odi`g{ifnp$ kl dg {ln|l å mf|r klp pi{lp Xlo kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn$

kl d’infrcg{ifn {rgnpcipl g| u|odi` rldg{izlcln{ å d’guudi`g{ifn kl dg @agr{l$ kl d’frhgnipg{ifn kl dg

Jrgn`fí{l l{ kl dg `ffuérg{ifn in{lrng{ifngdl.

7.:.; Kirl`{ifn kl dg rlàlràl l{ kl d’égd|g{ifn

@l{{l kirl`{ifn régdipl dl p|izi kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l. Å `l{{l n$ lddl cánl dlp {rgzg|q né`lppgirlp å dg

urfk|`{ifn klp kiérln{p inki`g{l|rp$ klp é{|klp l{ klp pyn{aáplp {aécg{iw|lp klzgn{ rlnkrl fcu{l kl

d’ézfd|{ifn klp kyngciw|lp dinh|ip{iw|lp g| W|éol`. Lddl gpp|cl éhgdlcln{ dl pl`ré{grig{ k| @fci{é klp|izi kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l. Lddl lp{ lnn rlpufnpgodl kl d’ézgd|g{ifn klp plrzi`lp$ klp urfhrgcclp$

klp f|{idp l{ klp g`{izi{ép kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn.




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL?1


7.:.< @fccippifn kl {fufnycil

Frhgnipcl rlpufnpgodl kl dg hlp{ifn klp nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol`$ dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil g dl

klzfir kl urf`éklr å dl|r inzln{girl l{ å dl|r fìgdipg{ifn$ l{ lddl kfi{ éhgdlcln{ zliddlr å dl|r `fnplrzg#

{ifn l{ å dl|r ki|pifn. Uf|r `l girl$ lddl {rgi{l dlp nfcp kl dil|q {gn{û{ kgnp dl `gkrl kl dg `fcué{ln`l

lq`d|pizl w|l d|i rl`fnngî{ dg @agr{l$ {gn{û{ kgnp `ld|i k’|nl `fcué{ln`l `fn`|rrln{l gzl` dlp g|{fri{ép

g|qw|lddlp k’g|{rlp dfip `fnárln{ klp uf|zfirp {fufnyciw|lp$ l{ `l$ nf{gccln{ gzl` dlp c|niìugdi{ép

ln `l w|i g {rgi{ g|q nfcp kl zfilp kl `fcc|ni`g{ifn. Dg @fccippifn cánl éhgdlcln{ klp lnw|í{lp

{fufnyciw|lp p|r dl {lrrgin.

Dg @fccippifn f|rni{ |n plrzi`l ulrpfnngdipé kl fnp|d{g{ifn {fufnyciw|l hrg{|i{ l{ lddl ufppákl |nl

`fddl`{ifn kf`|cln{girl |niw|l w|’lddl cl{ å dg kipufpi{ifn kl dg ufu|dg{ifn. Lddl rlnk éhgdlcln{ kipuf#

niodl pg ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol`$ [fufp p|r dl Xlo$ l{ lddl `fcu{l |n `lr{gin nfcorl kl

u|odi`g{ifnp kfn{ dlp ud|p ufu|dgirlp pfn{ pgnp fn{rlki{ dl ki`{ifnngirl idd|p{ré Nfcp l{ dil|q k| W|éol`$ dl

H|ikl kl d’gjàghl fkfnyciw|l l{ dlp réulr{firlp {fufnyciw|lp w|i {rgi{ln{ kl dg {fufnycil g|{fà{fnl.

Lnn$ dg @fccippifn g dl uf|zfir k’écl{{rl klp gzip p|r {f|{l w|lp{ifn {fufnyciw|l$ l{ lddl ugr{ghl pfn

lqulr{ipl ln ugr{iìugn{ å klp g`{izi{ép p|r dlp p`ánlp ng{ifngdl l{ in{lrng{ifngdl$ `fn{rio|gn{ ginpi g|

rgyfnnlcln{ k| W|éol` å d’é{rgnhlr.

7.8 _lppf|r`lp a|cginlp7.8.7 Kéldfuulcln{ klp ulrpfnnlp

D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn cipln{ p|r dl kézldfuulcln{ kl dl|r ulrpfnnld. Ginpi$ kgnp dl rlpul`{ kl dg Dfi

gzfripgn{ dl kézldfuulcln{ l{ dg rl`fnngippgn`l klp `fcué{ln`lp kl dg cgin#k’Ő|zrl$ idp fn{ lnplcodl

kéugppé$ `l{{l gnnél ln`frl$ d’foml`{i kl 7 , kl dg cgppl pgdgrigdl å `fnpg`rlr å dg frcg{ifn.

G| `f|rp kl d’lqlr i`l ?575#?577$ ?7; ??8$8< + fn{ é{é gddf|ép å klp g`{izi{ép kl frcg{ifn$ y `fcurip dl

{rgi{lcln{ klp ulrpfnnlp zipélp$ `l w|i `frrlpufnk å 7$< , kl dg cgppl pgdgrigdl hdfogdl.

@l cfn{gn{ pl réugr{i{ kl dg gèfn p|izgn{l =

Jrgip k’inp`riu{ifn G|{rlp rgip- _éc|nérg{ifn [f{gd

<1 10:$;7 + ?5 ;75 + 70; 917$0; + ?7; ??8$8< +

- Jrgip kl kéudg`lcln{$ k’aéolrhlcln{$ kl rlugp l{ kl df`g{ifn k’éw|iulcln{

Dg frcg{ifn g é{é gqél urinìugdlcln{ p|r dl cgin{iln l{ d’g``rfipplcln{ klp `fcué{ln`lp ln lcudfi

ginpi w|l p|r dg plnpioidipg{ifn å dg pé`|ri{é infrcg{iw|l. Dg ugr{iìug{ifn klp clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld g|q

g`{izi{ép kl frcg{ifn rlurépln{gi{$ g| `f|rp k| klrnilr lqlrì`l$ <90$; mf|rp#ulrpfnnlp.






7.8.? Kf{g{ifn l{ cfoidi{é

Ln ?575#?577$ ud|pil|rp nf|zlddlp ulrpfnnlp fn{ é{é g``|liddilp g| plin kl d’frhgnipg{ifn. W|ldw|lp

clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld fn{ ugr giddl|rp afipi kl urlnkrl dl|r rl{rgi{l f| kl uf|rp|izrl dl|r grriárl giddl|rp.

Ginpi$ ?; lcudfyép ulrcgnln{p fn{ urip dl|r rl{rgi{l g| `f|rp kl d’gnnél ?575#?577.

@fnfrcécln{ å dg ufdi{iw|l in{lrnl zipgn{ å ln`f|rghlr dg cfoidi{é k| ulrpfnnld$ dlp ufp{lp zg`gn{p

uf|rz|p k|rgn{ d’gnnél fn{ é{é flr{p$ kgnp |n urlcilr {lcup$ g| ulrpfnnld kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccip#

pifn. G| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l$ 1 ufp{lp fn{ ginpi é{é uf|rz|p ugr klp cf|zlcln{p å d’in{lrnl$ 7< g|{rlp$

ugr klp ulrpfnnlp urfzlngn{ k’g|{rlp cinip{árlp f| frhgnipclp$ l{ 7?$ ugr rl`r|{lcln{ lq{lrnl.

7.8.0 Lcog|àl$ rlurépln{g{ii{é l{ rép|d{g{p `fcugrg{ip

7.8.0.7 _lnplihnlcln{p hénérg|q

  Ll`{i g|{fripé

G| 07 cgrp ?577$ d’ll`{i g|{fripé kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn p’é{godippgi{ å ?<7 ufp{lp$ `fccl dl

cfn{rl dl {godlg| p|izgn{ =

[godlg| 7

LJJL@[IJ G\[F_IPÉ UG_ \NI[É GKCINIP[_G[IZL L[ UG_ @G[ÉHF_IL K’LCUDFI!g| 07 cgrp ?577)

Kirl`{ifn Afrp`gkrl

Ulrpfnnldk’ln`gkrlcln{

Ulrpfnnldurfjlppifnnld

Ulrpfnnld{làniw|l

Ulrpfnnldkl o|rlg|

[f{gd

O|rlg| kl dg urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`lhénérgdl

7 7 7? < 0 ??

Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl kl dg rgnìpg{ifnl{ k| {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp

< 88 9 7<- 75:

Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl klp plrzi`lpdinh|ip{iw|lp

0 0? 7 ? 01

Kirl`{ifn hénérgdl klp plrzi`lp å dghlp{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp

; ?0 ?; 75 :7

Kirl`{ifn kl dg rlàlràl l{ kld’ézgd|g{ifn

7 8 7 5 9

@fccippifn kl {fufnycil 7 9 0 ? 7<

[f{gd 7 7< 7:5 ;0 0? ?<7

- Kfn{ 0 ufp{lp å {lcup ugr{ild

  Nfcorl k’lcudfyép ulrcgnln{p

G| 07 cgrp ?577$ dl nfcorl k’lcudfyép ulrcgnln{p$ y fcurip dlp ulrpfnnlp å p{g{|{ {lcufrgirl$ é{gi{ kl

?50. @’lp{ å ugr{ir kl l{{l kfnnél w|l p’ll`{|l dl gd`|d kl dg rlurépln{g{izi{é klp kizlrp hrf|ulp iodlp.






  Lcog|àl

D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn pl `fnfrcln{ g|q lqihln`lp k| @fnplid k| {répfr ln cg{iárl k’lcog|àl k|

ulrpfnnld l{ gpp|rln{ dl rlnf|zlddlcln{ l{ dl rgml|nipplcln{ kl dl|rp ll`{ip. G| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l

?575#?577$ 7? ulrpfnnlp fn{ é{é rl`r|{élp uf|r f``|ulr |n ufp{l ulrcgnln{ l{ 70 fn{ é{é lcog|àélp

uf|r klp `fn{rg{p å k|rél zgrigodl. Kl ud|p$ 7; é{|kign{p l{ ; p{ghigirlp fn{ é{é g``|liddip.

[godlg| ?

_ÉUG_[I[IFN KLP UL_PFNNLP LCOG\@AÉLP PLDFN DL P[G[\[ K’LCUDFI!?575#?577)

P{g{|{ k’lcudfi Ulrpfnnlp lcog|àélp

Ulrcgnln{ !y fcurip dlp {lcufrgirlp) 7?

F``gpifnnld 70

É{|kign{ 7;

P{ghigirl ;

7.8.0.? Clcorlp klp `fcc|ng|{ép `|d{|rlddlp$ gnhdfuafnlp$ g|{fà{fnlp l{ ulrpfnnlpagnki`guélp

Ln ?575#?577$ d’foml`{i gnn|ld k’lcog|àl kl ulrpfnnld urfzlngn{ klp hrf|ulp ìodlp$ pfi{ dlp `fcc|#ng|{ép `|d{|rlddlp$ dlp gnhdfuafnlp$ dlp g|{fà{fnlp l{ dlp ulrpfnnlp agnki`guélp$ g é{é qé å ?< ,

kl d’lcog|àl {f{gdl klp nf|zlg|q lcudfyép ulrcgnln{p !y `fcurip `l|q å p{g{|{ {lcufrgirl)$ klp

f``gpifnnldp ginpi w|l klp é{|kign{p l{ klp p{ghigirlp. @l{ foml`{i zipl å ag|pplr dg rlurépln{g{izi{é kl

`lp hrf|ulp kgnp dg fn`{ifn u|odiw|l.

  [g|q k’lcog|àl

Dl {godlg| p|izgn{ gi{ é{g{ k| nfcorl kl clcorlp klp `fcc|ng|{ép `|d{|rlddlp$ k’gnhdfuafnlp$

k’g|{fà{fnlp l{ kl ulrpfnnlp agnki`guélp lcog|àép g| f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l. Fn y {rf|zlrg g|ppi dl {g|q

k’lcog|àl pldfn dl p{g{|{ k’lcudfi$ dl {g|q hdfogd$ ln ?575#?577$ gygn{ é{é kl 7; ,$ pfi{ : ulrpfnnlp

p|r |n {f{gd kl ;0.






[godlg| 0

[G\Q K’LCOG\@AL KLP CLCO_LP KLP H_F\ULP @IODLP PLDFN DL P[G[\[ K’LCUDFI!?575#?577)

P{g{|{k’lcudfi

Lcog|àl{f{gdl

Nfcorl kl ulrpfnnlp lcog|àélp pldfn dl hrf|ul ìodl

@fcc|ng|{ép`|d{|rlddlp

Gnhdfuafnlp G|{fà{fnlpUlrpfnnlp

agnki`guélp[f{gd

[g|qk’lcog|àl

pldfn dl p{g{|{k’lcudfi-

Ulrcgnln{ 7? 5 5 5 5 5 5 ,

F``gpifnnld 70 ; 5 5 5 ; 07 ,

É{|kign{ 7; 7 5 5 5 7 8 ,

P{ghigirl ; 7 5 5 5 7 ?< ,

[f{gd ;0 : 5 5 5 : 7; ,

- Dl {g|q k’lcog|àl pldfn dl p{g{|{ k’lcudfi pl `gd`|dl ln kizipgn{ dl nfcorl {f{gd kl ulrpfnnlp ipp|lp k| hrf|ulzipé kgnp |n p{g{|{ k’lcudfi kfnné ugr dl nfcorl {f{gd kl ulrpfnnlp lcog|àélp ln ?575#?577 l{ gygn{ `l p{g{|{k’lcudfi.

[godlg| ;

[G\Q K’LCOG\@AL HDFOG\Q KLP CLCO_LP KLP H_F\ULP @IODLPPLDFN DL P[G[\[ K’LCUDFI !?551#?577)

Ulrcgnln{ F``gpifnnld É{|kign{ P{ghigirl

?551#?559 00 , 09 , 10 , ;0 ,

?559#?575 00 , ?? , ?< , <: ,

?575#?577 5 , 07 , 8 , ?< ,

  [g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é

Ln ?575#?577$ dlp ìodlp hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp ln cg{iárl kl rlurépln{g{izi{é é{giln{ kl 9 , uf|r dlp

clcorlp klp `fcc|ng|{ép `|d{|rlddlp l{ kl ? , uf|r dlp ulrpfnnlp agnki`guélp.

Dl {godlg| p|izgn{ gi{ é{g{ klp {g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é klp clcorlp kl àg`|n klp hrf|ulp ìodlp g|

plin k| ulrpfnnld ulrcgnln{$ pldfn dg `g{éhfril k’lcudfi l{ ugr rguufr{ å d’ll`{i {f{gd.






[godlg| <

[G\Q KL _LU_ÉPLN[G[IZI[É KLP CLCO_LP KLP H_F\ULP @IODLPPLDFN DG @G[ÉHF_IL K’LCUDFI

!g| 07 cgrp ?577)

Ulrpfnnldk’ln`gkrlcln{-

Ulrpfnnldurflppifnnld

Ulrpfnnld{làniw|l l{kl o|rlg|

[f{gd

Norl , Norl , Norl , Norl ,

@fcc|ng|{ép `|d{|rlddlp 7 8$8 70 75 < 1$0 79 9$;

Gnhdfuafnlp 5 5 7 5$1 5 5 7 5$<

G|{fà{fnlp 5 5 7 5$1 5 5 7 5$<

Ulrpfnnlp agnki`guélp 5 5 7 5$1 7 7$: ? 7

- D’ll`{i pldfn dg `g{éhfril k’lcudfi pl réugr{ippgi{ ginpi = ulrpfnnld k’ln`gkrlcln{ !N370)$ ulrpfnnld urflppifnnld!N3705)$ ulrpfnnld {làniw|l l{ kl o|rlg| !N3:5 )$ uf|r |n {f{gd kl ?50 ulrpfnnlp.

Dl {godlg| ì#klppf|p urépln{l dl {g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é gnn|ld kl àg`|n klp hrf|ulp g| `f|rp klp

{rfip klrniárlp gnnélp.

[godlg| :

[G\Q KL _LU_ÉPLN[G[IZI[É KLP CLCO_LP KLP H_F\ULP @IODLP!g| 07 cgrp)

?559 ?575 ?577

Nfcorlk’lcudfyépulrcgnln{p

kgnpdl hrf|ul

ìodl

[g|q klrlurépln{g{izi{é

ugr rguufr{å d’ljjl`{ijulrcgnln{

{f{gd!,)


kgnpdl hrf|ul

ìodl



{f{gd!,)


kgnpdl hrf|ul

ìodl



{f{gd!,)

@fcc|ng|{ép `|d{|rlddlp 77 ;$9 79 1$: 79 9$;

Gnhdfuafnlp 0 7$; ? 5$9 7 5$<

G|{fà{fnlp 7 5$< 7 5$< 7 5$<

Ulrpfnnlp agnki`guélp 0 7$; 0 7$; ? 7






7.8.0.0 Clp|rlp f| g`{ifnp gzfripgn{ d’lcog|àl$ d’in{éhrg{ifn l{ dl cgin{iln ln lcudfi

Ln`frl `l{{l gnnél$ dlp clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld k’ln`gkrlcln{ fn{ é{é plnpioidipép å d’icufr{gn`l

k’lcog|àlr klp ulrpfnnlp guugr{lngn{ g|q hrf|ulp ìodlp l{ infrcép klp foml`{ip hf|zlrnlcln{g|q.

Å `l {i{rl$ 07 , k| ulrpfnnld f``gpifnnld lcog|àé guugr{iln{ g|q hrf|ulp ìodlp$ kéugppgn{ dg ìodl

hf|zlrnlcln{gdl kl ?< ,.

7.8.0.; Jlcclp

  [g|q k’lcog|àl

Ln ?575#?577$ dl ulrpfnnld écinin fnp{i{|gi{ 8; , kl d’lnplcodl klp ulrpfnnlp lcog|àélp. Dl {godlg|p|izgn{ idd|p{rl dlp {g|q k’lcog|àl klp lcclp pldfn dl p{g{|{ k’lcudfi.

[godlg| 8

[G\Q K’LCOG\@AL KLP JLCCLP PLDFN DL P[G[\[ K’LCUDFI!?575#?577)

Ulrcgnln{ F``gpifnnld É{|kign{ P{ghigirl [f{gd

Nfcorl kl lcclp lcog|àélp 75 9 9 ; 0?

Nfcorl kl ulrpfnnlp lcog|àélp 7? 70 7; ; ;0

[g|q k’lcog|àl 10 , :9 , :; , 755 , 8; ,

  [g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é

G| 07 cgrp ?577$ dlp lcclp `fcu{giln{ uf|r :: , kl d’ll`{i ulrcgnln{. Dl {godlg| p|izgn{ cfn{rl

dl {g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é klp lcclp pldfn dg `g{éhfril k’lcudfi.

[godlg| 1

[G\Q KL _LU_ÉPLN[G[IZI[É KLP JLCCLP PLDFN DG @G[ÉHF_IL K’LCUDFI!g| 07 cgrp ?577)

Ulrpfnnld

k’ln`gkrlcln{-

Ulrpfnnld

urflppifnnld--

Ulrpfnnld {làniw|ll{ ulrpfnnld kl

o|rlg|[f{gd

Nfcorl k’lcudfyép ulrcgnln{p 70 705 :5 ?50

Nfcorl kl lcclp gygn{ dl p{g{|{k’lcudfyé ulrcgnln{

77 8< ;1 70;

[g|q kl rlurépln{g{izi{é 1;$: , <8$8 , 15 , :: ,

- Y `fcurip dl ulrpfnnld afrp `gkrl-- Y `fcurip dlp gzf`g{p l{ dlp `fnpliddlrp ln hlp{ifn klp rlppf|r`lp a|cginlp






7.8.; Urfhrgccl k’gikl g|q lcudfyép

@l urfhrgccl zipl å ulrcl{{rl g|q clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld k’g``éklr$ kl gèfn `fnkln{ilddl$ å klp

plrzi`lp urflppifnnldp kl w|gdi{é gn kl dlp giklr å réhdlr$ dl `gp éàégn{$ {f|{ urfodácl ulrpfnnld

p|p`lu{iodl kl ulr{|rolr dl|r fn`{ifnnlcln{ urflppifnnld f| ulrpfnnld. Å `l{{l n$ d’F`l g urfdfnhé

dl `fn{rg{ `fn`d| gzl` d’ln{rluripl Dlp @fnp|d{gn{p Dfnhuré l{ gppfìép in`.

G| `f|rp kl d’lqlr i`l w|i g urip n dl 07 cgrp ?577$ : ulrpfnnlp fn{ l| rl`f|rp å `lp plrzi`lp$ `l w|i

rlurépln{l |nl kéulnpl {f{gdl kl ; ::;$;1 +.

7.8.< _ldg{ifnp k| {rggid

Dl @fci{é cinip{érild p|r d’frhgnipg{ifn k| {rgzgid !@CF[) p’lp{ ré|ni å {rfip f``gpifnp g| `f|rp kl

d’lqlrì`l ?575#?577.

Ulnkgn{ dg cícl uérifkl$ dl @fci{é cinip{érild kl rldg{ifnp urflppifnnlddlp !@C_U) p’lp{ ré|ni ìnw fip.

Ln `l w|i g {rgi{ g| @fci{é ciq{l cinip{érild kl rldg{ifnp urflppifnnlddlp !@CC_U)$ id n’y g ugp l| kl

rln`fn{rl$ `fcu{l {ln| kl d’gopln`l klp rlurépln{gn{p kl dg ugr{il pynki`gdl.

7.8.: Pgn{é l{ pé`|ri{é g| {rggid

Ln ?575#?577$ d’F`l g pf|{ln| dl @fci{é kl dg pgn{é l{ kl dg pé`|ri{é g| {rgzgid l{ fn{rio|é å plp {rgzg|q

g| o|rlg| kl W|éol`. @l `fci{é g réufnk| g|q klcgnklp rldlzgn{ kl pfn cgnkg{. Kl ud|p$ d’F`l g

frhgnipé$ uf|r dl ulrpfnnld kl Cfn{régd l{ klp réhifnp$ |nl `fnérln`l in{i{|dél Pgn{é l{ l`gì{é = kl|qinhrékiln{p `fcug{iodlp.

Uf|r `l w|i lp{ kl pg rlpufnpgoidi{é ln cg{iárl kl pgn{é l{ kl pé`|ri{é g| {rgzgid$ d’F`l g gpp|ré dl

rlnf|zlddlcln{ klp éw|iulp kl pl`f|rip{lp$ å Cfn{régd l{ å W|éol`$ l{ d’g`{|gdipg{ifn kl dl|r frcg{ifn. Id

g cip å `fn{rio|{ifn plp réufnkgn{p$ frcép p|r dlp urinìulp kl ogpl ln lrhfnfcil k| {rgzgid kl o|rlg|$

uf|r ézgd|lr l{ gm|p{lr ud|pil|rp ufp{lp kl {rgzgid gn kl {lnir `fcu{l klp olpfinp lrhfnfciw|lp kl

plp lcudfyép.

D’F`l g éhgdlcln{ cgin{ln| pfn urfhrgccl kl urfcf{ifn kl d’g`{izi{é uaypiw|l ln pf|{lngn{ dlp

ini{ig{izlp kl pfn ulrpfnnld l{ ln ln`f|rghlgn{ dg {ln|l kl pégn`lp k’g`{izi{ép p|r dlp dil|q k| {rgzgid$

å d’al|rl k| kînlr. Id g ugr giddl|rp rlnf|zldé plp ln{ln{lp k’gofnnlcln{ gzl` klp ln{rluriplp lq{lrnlp.Lnn$ kgnp dg f|dél kl pg `gcughnl `fn{rl dg hriuul pgipfnniárl$ d’F`l g plnpioidipé pfn ulrpfnnld

å d’icufr{gn`l k| dgzghl klp cginp l{ kl d’ayhiánl rlpuirg{firl. Id g éhgdlcln{ {ln| klp `diniw|lp kl

zg`ìng{ifn w|i fn{ ulrcip å :0 ulrpfnnlp$ pfi{ 07 , kl d’ll`{i$ kl rl`lzfir dl zg`ìn `fn{rl dg hriuul

å d’g|{fcnl ?575.






7.8.8 [rgg|q p|r d’lnhghlcln{ k| ulrpfnnld l{ p|r dg rl`fnngippgn`l ln cidil|kl {rggid

Ln ?575#?577$ gzl` dg `fn{rio|{ifn kl dg Pfìé{é Uilrrl#Of|àlr$ d’Fi`l g uf|rp|izi plp {rgzg|q

k’gcédifrg{ifn k| `dicg{ kl {rgzgid$ kl cfoidipg{ifn l{ k’lnhghlcln{ k| ulrpfnnld.

7.1 _lppf|r`lp jngnìárlp l{ cg{érilddlp7.1.7 _lppf|r`lp jngnìárlp

Gn kl rlnkrl `fcu{l kl kfnnélp ngnìárlp m|p{lp l{ `fcugrgodlp$ dl {godlg| p|izgn{ gi{ é{g{ klp

kéulnplp uf|r dlp gnnélp ?559#?575 l{ ?575#?577 =

[godlg| 9

[GODLG\ @FCUG_G[IJ KLP KÉULNPLP ?559#?575 L[ ?575#?577

?559#?575!555 +)

?575#?577!555 +)

O|khl{ kl kéulnplp

_éc|nérg{ifn 7; 98<$9 7; ?8<$9

Jfn`{ifnnlcln{- < 5<5$8 ; <<<$:

[rgnplr{ 7 ;51$0 7 8;5$<

[f{gd ?7 ;0;$9 ?5 <8?$5

O|khl{ k’inzlp{ipplcln{

Iccfoidipg{ifn ?00$< 711$:

- Y `fcurip dlp kéulnplp k’gcfr{ipplcln{






G| `f|rp k| klrnilr lqlrì`l$ d’F`l g rlè| dlp `réki{p p|uudécln{girlp p|izgn{p =

  0; 555 + k| cinip{árl kl d’Lcudfi l{ kl dg Pfdikgri{é pfìgdl gin kl ulrcl{{rl d’lcog|àl k’é{|kign{pl{ k’é{|kign{lp uf|r dg uérifkl lp{izgdl ?5752

  < 855 + k| cinip{árl klp _ldg{ifnp in{lrng{ifngdlp kgnp dl `gkrl kl dg cipl ln Ő|zrl kl dg Ufdi{iw|lin{lrng{ifngdl k| W|éol`.

K’g|{rl ugr{$ d’F`l g {rgnpéré dlp `réki{p p|izgn{p =

  755 555 + g| cinip{árl kl d’Iccihrg{ifn l{ klp @fcc|ng|{ép `|d{|lddlp uf|r |nl `gcughnl k’infr#

cg{ifn l{ kl urfcf{ifn p|r dg rgnìpg{ifn kgnp dl `gkrl kl dg P{rg{éhil `fcc|nl k’in{lrzln{ifn uf|rCfn{régd ?551#?570.

Uf|r dg uf|rp|i{l k| udgn k’g`{ifn hf|zlrnlcln{gd _é|ppir lnplcodl ln rgnègip$ ? 555 555 + ln o|khl{

kl {rgnplr{ fn{ é{é gl`{ép g| Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln å dg rgnìpg{ifn ugr dlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infr#

cg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp ![I@) l{ 7 555 555 + g| Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp uf|r dg

urfcf{ifn kl dg rgnìpg{ifn kgnp dlp ln{rluriplp. Kl|q {godlg|q gipgn{ é{g{ klp pfcclp lnhghélp l{

zlrpélp ln zlr{| kl lp kl|q urfhrgcclp pfn{ mfin{p å d’gnnlql I k| urépln{ rguufr{. Klp fcurlppifnp

{f{gdipgn{ 7 :<< 555 + fn{ ugr giddl|rp hrlzé `l{{l lnzldfuul o|khé{girl. K’g|{rlp `fcurlppifnp fn{

éhgdlcln{ l| |nl inìkln`l p|r dl o|khl{$ pfi{ ?91 <55 + uf|r `l w|i lp{ kl dg réc|nérg{ifn l{ 11 955 +

ln `l w|i `fn`lrnl dl fn`{ifnnlcln{.

7.1.? _lppf|r`lp cg{érilddlpLn ?575#?577$ |nl cipl å nizlg| k| pyp{ácl kl `dicg{ipg{ifn kl dg pgddl klp plrzl|rp g é{é ll`{|él.

Kl nfcorl|q régcénghlcln{p klzln|p né`lppgirlp$ ln{rl g|{rlp å dg p|i{l kl d’grrizél kl ud|pil|rp

lcudfyép$ fn{ é{é ll`{|ép ln `f|rp k’gnnél kgnp dlp kizlrp df`g|q f``|uép ugr d’F`l l{ ugr dg

@fccippifn.

7.9 Frhgnihrgccl kl d’Fj`l g| 07 cgrp ?577Fn {rf|zlrg å dg n k| urépln{ rguufr{ d’frhgnihrgccl g| 07 cgrp ?577.






7.75 _lppf|r`lp infrcg{ifnnlddlpDlp rlppf|r`lp infrcg{ifnnlddlp plrfn{ gofrkélp pf|p kl|q gnhdlp$ pfi{ ld|i klp rlppf|r`lp gygn{ {rgi{

g|q {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ `ld|i gygn{ {rgi{ g|q rlppf|r`lp kf`|cln{girlp.

7.75.7 [lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn

D’frhgnipg{ifn k| {rgzgid lp{ pf|{ln|l ln cgml|rl ugr{il ugr d’|{idipg{ifn klp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn.

Ud|pil|rp pyp{áclp diép kirl`{lcln{ å dg cippifn kl rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp fn{ ginpi é{é cfkiép

uf|r í{rl gkgu{ép å dg urfk|`{ifn kl nf|zlg|q inki`g{l|rp kl hlp{ifn l{ uf|r í{rl cip å mf|r k’|n ufin{

kl z|l {lànfdfhiw|l.

@l{{l gnnél$ dlp {rgzg|q `fn`lrngn{ dg régdipg{ifn {làniw|l k’|n pyp{ácl kl {godlg| kl ofrk infrcg#

{ipé l{ dg rlfn{l k| pyp{ácl kl ki|pifn k| Hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l !HK[) fn{ é{é ln{gcép.

Kgnp dl `gkrl k| rlnf|zlddlcln{ k| pyp{ácl kl ki|pifn {lrcinfdfhiw|l$ |nl é{|kl lrhfnfciw|l g é{é

régdipél gzl` d’gikl k’|n hrf|ul {écfin lq{lrnl$ l{ klp cgw|l{{lp uf|r kénir dg nf|zlddl in{lrg`l k|

HK[ fn{ é{é ézgd|élp.

Ln `l w|i `fn`lrnl dlp pyp{áclp k’infrcg{ifn$ dg régdipg{ifn kl {rgzg|q kl `fnzlrpifn {lànfdfhiw|l

rldg{ip g|q lnzirfnnlcln{p k’lqudfi{g{ifn kl dg rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp !PKJ[) l{ kl dg hlp{ifn klp

udgin{lp !UD[) g é{é urifripél$ gn kl dlp rlnkrl `fcug{iodlp gzl` dlp `fcufpgn{lp k’F`l ?558. Uf|r

pg ugr{$ dl pyp{ácl k’gkcinip{rg{ifn klp lqgclnp kl rgnègip !GLJ) g mf|i k’|nl g{{ln{ifn {f|{l ugr{i`|#

diárl kgnp dg régdipg{ifn kl ud|p k’|nl ìnw|gn{ginl k’in{lrzln{ifnp zipgn{ å édicinlr kizlrp irri{gn{p l{ å`fnpfdiklr d’in{éhri{é kl dg ogpl kl kfnnélp.

D’F`l g éhgdlcln{ ugr{iìué g| hrgnk urfml{ hf|zlrnlcln{gd kl cihrg{ifn k| _L[LC !_éplg| kl

{édé`fcc|ni`g{ifn c|d{icékig kl d’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l w|éoé`fipl) g| _I[C !_éplg| in{éhré kl

{édé`fcc|ni`g{ifn c|d{icékig) uf|r d’lnplcodl kl plp o|rlg|q. Ln cg{iárl kl pé`|ri{é l{ k’é{aiw|l ln

{lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn$ d’F`l g ln{rlurip |nl rézipifn ln urffnkl|r kl plp ufdi{iw|lp$ ln ud|p

k’inzlp{ir kgnp |nl frcg{ifn ln dihnl flr{l å d’lnplcodl k| ulrpfnnld.

Ln`frl l{{l gnnél$ kl nfcorl|plp ciplp å mf|r klp {lànfdfhilp fn{ é{é ll`{|élp gn kl cfklrniplr

d’lnzirfnnlcln{ kl {rgzgid. @i{fnp$ ln{rl g|{rlp$ dl rlnf|zlddlcln{ kl ?5 , klp ufp{lp kl {rgzgid$ dl kéo|{

kl d’icudgn{g{ifn k’|nl nf|zlddl zlrpifn k| pyp{ácl kl clppghlril$ dg cipl ln udg`l k’|n nf|zlg| ogp{ifn

In{lrnl{ l{ dl rlcudg`lcln{ kl w|ldw|lp plrzl|rp klzln|p zé{|p{lp.






G| àgui{rl kl dg `fn{in|i{é klp plrzi`lp {lànfdfhiw|lp$ d’F`l kfi{ gpp|rlr dl pf|{iln {làniw|l

k’lnzirfn ?<5 ufp{lp kl {rgzgid$ kl nfcorl|q plrzl|rp kl plp pyp{áclp$ k| plrzi`l kl clppghlril$ k’|n

kipufpi{i dié g|q {lrcing|q `ldd|dgirlp kl {yul Odg`bOlrry$ k| cg{érild kl kl|q pgddlp kl zipif`fnérln`l$

klp kipufpi{ip kl pé`|ri{é !ogp{ifn$ gn{izir|p$ gn{iuf|rrild$ fuil kl kfnnélp$ digipfn å kip{gn`l)$ klp dilnp

In{lrnl{ l{ hf|zlrnlcln{g|q$ l{ klp pi{lp Xlo kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn.

Id lp{ å pf|dihnlr w|l d’F`l gpp|rl dg cgin{lngn`l l{ dl ulrl`{ifnnlcln{ kl pfn grài{l`{|rl {lànf#

dfhiw|l gzl` |n pf|ì ugr{i`|dilr uf|r {f|{ `l w|i `fn`lrnl pfn fn`{ifnnlcln{ ln rgnègip.

Nf{fnp lnn w|l d’F`l f|rni{ å dg @fccippifn |n pf|{iln `fcudl{ ln cg{iárl kl {lànfdfhilp kl

d’infrcg{ifn.

7.75.? _lppf|r`lp kf`|cln{girlp

Ln ?575#?577$ 87: ulrpfnnlp kl d’lq{lrnl fn{ l| rl`f|rp g| plrzi`l kl pf|{iln kf`|cln{girl l{ g|q fddl`#

{ifnp flr{lp kgnp dlp kl|q oiodif{aáw|lp kl d’F`l. Kl ud|p$ 709 `gnkikg{p l{ `gnkikg{lp g|q frkrlp

urflppifnnldp fn{ rlè| kl d’gikl uf|r pl uréugrlr g|q lqgclnp kl rgnègip gkcinip{rép ugr d’frhgnipcl.

Dg hlp{ifn kf`|cln{girl kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn p’ll`{|l å d’gikl k| dfhiìld Kf`|cln{ib$ kgnp

dl rlpul`{ klp kl|q `gdlnkrilrp kl `fnplrzg{ifn guurf|zép ugr Oiodif{aáw|l l{ Gràizlp ng{ifngdlp k|

W|éol`.

Pgil}#f|p w|l…

Ln cgrp ?577$ dg nf|zlddl ufdi{iw|lhf|zlrnlcln{gdl rldg{izl å d’lcudfi l{å dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kgnpd’Gkcinip{rg{ifn g é{é gkfu{él ugr dl@fnplid klp cinip{rlp.



@gkrl kl hlp{ifn

?



@gkrl kl hlp{ifn



?

?.7 Uaidfpfuail kl hlp{ifnDlp urinìulp l{ dlp édécln{p fnp{i{|{ip kl dg uaidfpfuail kl hlp{ifn$ kfn{ id lp{ w|lp{ifn kgnp l rguufr{$

fn{ é{é gkfu{ép g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l ?55?#?550 ugr d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn$ l{ id ln lp{ ginpi kl dg

Ké`dgrg{ifn kl zgdl|rp.

?.7.7 Urinìulp

Gn kl mf|lr udlinlcln{ dl|r rûdl$ d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn gkfu{ln{ |nl uaidfpfuail kl hlp{ifn gqél

p|r d’frl kl plrzi`l kl w|gdi{é$ w|i p’guu|il p|r klp `ri{árlp k’l`gì{é$ kl rih|l|r l{ kl {rgnpugrln`l.

@l{{l uaidfpfuail kl hlp{ifn rlufpl g|ppi oiln p|r dg riàlppl klp rlppf|r`lp a|cginlp w|l p|r dl

pln{icln{ k’guugr{lngn`l k| ulrpfnnld. Uf|r cl{{rl å `fn{rio|{ifn$ kl gèfn `rég{izl l{ in{lddihln{l$dl|rp rlppf|r`lp a|cginlp$ d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn gkaárln{ g|q urinìulp kl hlp{ifn p|izgn{p$ w|i

p’inp`rizln{ kgnp dl `gkrl kl dg cfklrnipg{ifn kl d’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l.

Nf{rl rgipfn k’í{rl = dg pg{ipjg`{ifn kl dg `diln{ádl

Dg `diln{ádl g krfi{ å klp plrzi`lp kl w|gdi{é g| cliddl|r `fò{.

Nf{rl fr`l = dg ulrjfrcgn`l k| ulrpfnnld

\n ulrpfnnld rlpufnpgodl$ `fcué{ln{ l{ å d’é`f|{l kl dg `diln{ádl hgrgn{i{ dg w|gdi{é klp plrzi`lp flr{p.

Nf{rl rlpufnpgoidi{é = |nl `fcc|ni`g{ifn in{lrnl jrgnàl l{ f|zlr{l

Pf|r`l kl cfoidipg{ifn k| ulrpfnnld$ dg `fcc|ni`g{ifn `rél |n `dicg{ kl `fngn`l$ kl `fcuréalnpifn

l{ gzfripl |nl gcédifrg{ifn `fn{in|l klp plrzi`lp.

?.7.? Édécln{p `fnp{i{|{ip

D’Fj`l l{ dg @fccippifn l{ dl|rp `diln{ádlp

7. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn zipln{ å frir å dl|rp `diln{ádlp klp plrzi`lp kl w|gdi{é g| cfinkrl`fò{.

?. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn `fnpikárln{ w|l àgw|l clcorl k| ulrpfnnld kfi{ `fn{rio|lr$ kgnpdg puaárl k’g`{izi{é w|i d|i lp{ urfurl$ å cgin{lnir l{$ dl `gp éàégn{$ å gcédifrlr `l nizlg| klw|gdi{é.

D’Fj`l l{ dg @fccippifn l{ dl|rp rlppf|r`lp a|cginlp0. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn `fnpikárln{ dl ulrpfnnld `fccl dg rlppf|r`l `dé kl dl|r frhgnipcl.

;. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn lp{icln{ w|l dl ulrpfnnld lp{ `fcué{ln{.

<. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn `rfiln{ w|l dl ulrpfnnld kfi{ ézfd|lr kgnp |n cidil| kl {rgzgid p{ic|#dgn{$ urfui`l g| kézldfuulcln{ kl plp `fnngippgn`lp l{ kl plp agoidl{ép.



@gkrl kl hlp{ifn


FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL;?

?

:. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn gzfripln{ dg ufdyzgdln`l l{ dg dlqioidi{é kl dl|r ulrpfnnld.

8. Dl ulrpfnnld kl d’Fi`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn uf|rp|i{ klp foml`{ip `dgirp lquricép pf|p frclkl rép|d{g{p friln{ép zlrp d’frl kl plrzi`l å dg `diln{ádl.

1. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn fn{ uf|r foml`{i kl rlpufnpgoidiplr dl ulrpfnnld ln d|i dgippgn{ dgcgrhl kl cgnŐ|zrl né`lppgirl l{ ln dl rlnkgn{ rlpufnpgodl klp rép|d{g{p g{{lnk|p.

9. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn `fnpikárln{ dlp clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld `fccl kl zéri{godlp gcogp#pgkl|rp l{ képirln{ g``rfî{rl dl|r pln{icln{ k’guugr{lngn`l å dl|r frhgnipcl.

75. D’g{{lin{l klp rép|d{g{p ginpi w|l dl `fn{rûdl kl dg ulrfrcgn`l `fnp{i{|ln{ klp uréf``|ug{ifnpicufr{gn{lp g| plin kl d’Fi`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn.

D’Fj`l l{ dg @fccippifn l{ dl|r hlp{ifn

77. Dlp hlp{ifnngirlp fn{ klp foml`{ip uréìp å g{{linkrl {f|{ ln oénéiìgn{ kl pf|udlppl kgnp dlpcfylnp å |{idiplr. Ln `fn{rlugr{il$ idp pfn{ rlpufnpgodlp kl dg w|gdi{é kl dl|rp g`{ifnp l{ kl dghlp{ifn klp éw|iulp kfn{ idp kirihln{ dg urlp{g{ifn kl plrzi`lp å dg `diln{ádl.

7?. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn rl{ilnnln{ dg ugr{iìug{ifn `fccl cfkl kl hlp{ifn l{ `fcu{ln{ p|rdlp hlp{ifnngirlp uf|r dl cl{{rl ln guudi`g{ifn. Idp gzfripln{ k| cícl `f|u dg `fcudécln{gri{éin{lrkirl`{ifnnlddl l{ dlp hrf|ulp kl {rgzgid c|d{ikipìudingirlp.

70. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn kfnnln{ g|q hlp{ifnngirlp dg rlpufnpgoidi{é kl cfoidiplr dl ulrpfnnldpf|p dl|r kirl`{ifn l{ kl dl rlnkrl pfdikgirl klp kéìpifnp uriplp ugr dg kirl`{ifn.

7;. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn inì{ln{ dlp hlp{ifnngirlp å gkfu{lr klp urg{iw|lp kl hlp{ifn w|izipln{ dg rl`fnngippgn`l k| {rgzgid k| ulrpfnnld.

7<. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn `fnpikárln{ w|l dlp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp ln{rl dlp kizlrp nizlg|q kl dgp{r|`{|rl aiérgràiw|l pfn{ lppln{ilddlp l{ kfizln{ pl girl kgnp |n `dicg{ kl `fnign`l l{ klrlpul`{.

7:. D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn zgdfripln{ dg `ri{iw|l `fnp{r|`{izl$ dg rlàlràl kl d’innfzg{ifn l{ dgpicudii`g{ifn klp urf`ék|rlp gkcinip{rg{izlp.

78. Dg uaidfpfuail kl hlp{ifn kl d’Fi`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn p’g``fcughnl kl dg Ké`dgrg{ifn klzgdl|rp ì#klppf|p$ w|i g uf|r foml`{i kl h|iklr dlp g`{ifnp k| ulrpfnnld gin w|l `l klrnilr`fn{rio|l å d’gcédifrg{ifn klp plrzi`lp flr{p g|q ì{fylnp l{ g|q ì{fylnnlp.



@gkrl kl hlp{ifn



?

?.? Ké`dgrg{ifn kl zgdl|rpD’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn fn{ àg`|n |nl cippifn k’in{érí{ u|odi` ln rgipfn klp plrzi`lp icufr{gn{p w|’idp

rlnkln{ å dg ufu|dg{ifn k| W|éol`. @l{{l cippifn$ idp kfizln{ dg rlcudir nfn pl|dlcln{ gzl` l`gì{é$

cgip g|ppi kgnp dl rlpul`{ kl zgdl|rp fnkgcln{gdlp. @lp zgdl|rp urlnnln{ |nl icufr{gn`l g``r|l ln

rgipfn klp urinìulp régrcép kgnp dg Dfi p|r d’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l$ w|i pfn{ d’g|{fnfcil k’g`{ifn$

d’fodihg{ifn kl rlnkrl `fcu{l$ dg {rgnpugrln`l l{ dg uricg|{é klp plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp l{ g|q ì{fylnnlp.

Dg w|gdi{é klp plrzi`lp å dg ufu|dg{ifn l{ dg uf|rp|i{l kl d’in{érí{ u|odi` in{lrulddln{ kfn` g| ud|p ag|{

ufin{ d’lnplcodl klp clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn$ l{ lddlp friln{ln{ dl|r rldg#

{ifn gzl` dl u|odi`. @lp icuérg{ip p’guu|iln{ p|r klp zgdl|rp é{aiw|lp w|i plrzln{ k’gppipl g| ulrpfnnld

l{ kfn{ id `fnziln{ k’grclr dlp ud|p fnkgcln{gdlp. @l àfiq p’inpuirl kl dg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl zgdl|rp kld’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l w|éoé`fipl kéufpél ugr dl cinip{rl k’É{g{ å d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn l{ å dg Jfn`{ifn

u|odiw|l l{ urépikln{ k| @fnplid k| {répfr dl ?7 nfzlcorl ?55?.

Dg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl zgdl|rp kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn `fnp{i{|l |n h|ikl dfrpw|l$ klzgn{ |n kidlccl

é{aiw|l$ gdfrp w|l dg ráhdl lp{ gopln{l f| n’guugrgî{ ugp `dgirlcln{$ |n clcorl k| ulrpfnnld lp{ guuldé

å urlnkrl |nl kéìpifn. @l h|ikl g uf|r foml`{i k’friln{lr dl plnp klp hlp{lp g``fcudip ugr dl ulrpfnnld

kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn zlrp `l w|l `lp frhgnipclp `fnpikárln{ `fccl ofn l{ pf|agi{godl.

D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn gkaárln{ kfn` g|q zgdl|rp p|izgn{lp.

Pgil}#f|p w|l…

Dlp fnpliddlrp l{ `fnpliddárlp ln rgnìpg{ifn fn{ll`{|é ?¥:;5¥zipi{lp kgnp klp ln{rluriplp k| W|éol`l{ 759 kgnp klp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn.



@gkrl kl hlp{ifn


FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL;;

?

Dg `fcué{ln`l

@agw|l ulrpfnnl p’g`w|i{{l kl plp {ïàlp gzl` urflppifnngdipcl. Lddl cl{ å `fn{rio|{ifn plp `fnngip#

pgn`lp$ plp agoidl{ép l{ pfn lquériln`l kgnp d’g{{lin{l klp rép|d{g{p zipép. Lddl lp{ rlpufnpgodl kl plp

g`{lp ginpi w|l kl d’|{idipg{ifn m|kiìl|pl klp rlppf|r`lp l{ kl d’infrcg{ifn ciplp å pg kipufpi{ifn. @agw|l

ulrpfnnl lp{ éhgdlcln{ rlpufnpgodl k| cgin{iln kl plp `fcué{ln`lp.

D’icugr{igdi{é

@agw|l ulrpfnnl gi{ url|zl kl nl|{rgdi{é l{ k’foml`{izi{é. Lddl urlnk plp kéìpifnp kgnp dl rlpul`{ klp

ráhdlp guudi`godlp l{ ln g``frkgn{ å {f|p l{ å {f|{lp |n {rgi{lcln{ éw|i{godl. Lddl rlcudi{ plp fn`{ifnp

pgnp fnpikérg{ifnp ugr{ipgnlp.

D’in{éhri{é

@agw|l ulrpfnnl pl `fnk|i{ k’|nl cgniárl m|p{l l{ afnní{l. Lddl ézi{l kl pl cl{{rl kgnp |nl pi{|g{ifn

fù lddl pl rlnkrgi{ rlklzgodl å w|i`fnw|l uf|rrgi{ d’inj|ln`lr inkòcln{ kgnp d’lqlrì`l kl plp fn`{ifnp.

Dg dfyg|{é l{ dg pfdikgri{é

@agw|l ulrpfnnl lp{ `fnpìln{l w|’lddl rlurépln{l d’F`l f| dg @fccippifn g|uráp kl dg ufu|dg{ifn.

Lddl lqlr`l plp fn`{ifnp kgnp dl rlpul`{ klp dfip$ klp ráhdlcln{p l{ klp kirl`{izlp hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp.

@agw|l ulrpfnnl pl pln{ diél ugr dlp friln{g{ifnp l{ dlp kéìpifnp uriplp ugr d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn.

Lddl `fddgofrl gzfrgodlcln{ l{ kgnp |n lpuri{ k’ln{rgikl å dg cipl ln guudi`g{ifn kl `lp kéìpifnp kgnp

pfn urfurl pl`{l|r k’g`{izi{é.

Dl rlpul`{

@agw|l ulrpfnnl cgnilp{l kl dg `fnpikérg{ifn å d’éhgrk kl {f|{lp dlp ulrpfnnlp gzl` w|i lddl in{lrghi{

kgnp d’lqlrì`l kl plp fn`{ifnp. Lddl gi{ url|zl kl `f|r{fipil$ k’é`f|{l l{ kl kip`ré{ifn å d’éhgrk klp

ulrpfnnlp gzl` dlpw|lddlp lddl ln{rl ln rldg{ifn kgnp d’lqlrì`l kl plp fn`{ifnp. Lddl gi{ éhgdlcln{ url|zl

kl kidihln`l l{ lddl ézi{l {f|{l frcl kl kip`ricing{ifn.



@gkrl kl hlp{ifn



?

?.0 Friln{g{ifnp p{rg{éhiw|lp@ag`|nl klp ìnw friln{g{ifnp k| Udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ln cg{iárl kl ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l ?559#?57; rlnzfil

nf{gccln{ å |nl kiclnpifn ugr{i`|diárl kl dg cippifn kl d’F`l. @lp friln{g{ifnp pl frc|dln{ fccl p|i{ =

G. _lnfr`lr dg udg`l k| rgnègip kgnp dlp cidil|q kl {rggid l{ kgnp dlp plri`lpg| u|odi`

Oiln w|l d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip gi{ urfhrlppé ln {gn{ w|l dgnh|l k| {rgzgid$ k| `fcclr`l l{ klp ggirlp

klu|ip {rln{l gnp$ klp ki`|d{ép p|opip{ln{$ ugr{i`|diárlcln{ kgnp dg réhifn kl Cfn{régd. D’F`l {rgzgiddl

kfn` å dg cipl ln Ő|zrl l{ g| p|izi k| udgn k’g`{ifn _é|ppir lnplcodl ln rgnègip l{ kl dg P{rg{éhil

`fcc|nl k’in{lrzln{ifn uf|r Cfn{régd ?551#?570. Id zliddl éhgdlcln{ å girl urfhrlpplr dlp ln{rluriplp l{dlp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn nfn `lr{iép zlrp dg hénérgdipg{ifn kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip$ l{ zliddl

å `l w|l dlp ln{rluriplp w|i pfn{ `lr{iélp dg cgin{ilnnln{.

O. @iodlr l{ ofnijlr d’frl dinh|ip{iw|l$ {lrcinfdfhiw|l l{ {fufnyciw|l

Dg dgnh|l rgnègipl lp{ |nl zgdl|r `fcc|nl kl dg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl. @’lp{ uf|rw|fi id icufr{l w|l

d’é`fdl$ dlp cidil|q kl {rgzgid l{ d’lnplcodl kl dg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl kipufpln{ kl dg {lrcinfdfhil rgn#

ègipl kfn{ idp fn{ olpfin$ l{ w|l dlp f|{idp k’gikl å dg cgî{ripl k| rgnègip pfiln{ g``lppiodlp kl gèfn å

gzfriplr dl rlcudg`lcln{ k’|nl {lrcinfdfhil lqip{gn{l inguurfuriél l{ å nfcclr dlp nf|zlddlp régdi{ép.

Uf|r `l girl$ d’F`l p’lcudfil$ ln{rl g|{rlp$ å gmf|{lr `fn{in|lddlcln{ kl nf|zlg|q {lrclp g| Hrgnk

ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l !HK[) l{ å lnriàir dg Ognw|l kl kéugnnghl dinh|ip{iw|l !OKD). Id zipl éhgdl#

cln{ å rlnkrl dl HK[ c|d{idinh|l.

@. Kf`|cln{lr dlp `fnngippgn`lp p|r dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l l{ p|r klpw|lp{ifnp {f|àgn{ dg dgnh|l rgnègipl g| W|éol`

D’lqgcln uérifkiw|l kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l l{ kl d’gzlnir kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl g| W|éol` ulrcl{

k’foplrzlr dlp c|{g{ifnp p|rzln|lp kgnp dg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl$ w|i klziln{ kl ud|p ln ud|p ud|rilddl l{

kizlrpiél. Kgnp `l `fn{lq{l$ d’F`l g dl cgnkg{ kl p|rzliddlr d’ézfd|{ifn kl `l{{l pi{|g{ifn l{ k’ln girl

rguufr{ g| cinip{rl rlpufnpgodl kl d’guudi`g{ifn kl dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl g| cfinp {f|p dlp

ìnw gnp.

K. Cl{{rl ln gdl|r dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl l{ pf|dihnlr dg i{gdi{é k|

rgnègipKlzln|l dgnh|l fìlddl k| W|éol` ln 798;$ dg dgnh|l rgnègipl lp{ g| Ő|r kl d’ikln{i{é w|éoé`fipl l{ dl

urinìugd uidilr kl pg `|d{|rl. D’F`l zliddl kfn` å plnpioidiplr dlp ulrpfnnlp w|i zizln{ g| W|éol` å dl|rp

krfi{p l{ fodihg{ifnp ln `l w|i g {rgi{ å d’|pghl kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ l{ id rl`fnngî{ d’guufr{ rlcgrw|godl

kl ulrpfnnlp$ kl hrf|ulp$ k’frhgnipclp f| k’ln{rluriplp ln gzl|r kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl. Jingdlcln{$

id cl{ ln zgdl|r dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl hrï`l g| pgzfir#girl w|’id g kézldfuué ln cg{iárl

k’gcénghlcln{ dinh|ip{iw|l.



@gkrl kl hlp{ifn


FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL;:

?

L. Cfklrniplr d’frl kl plri`l l{ g``rfî{rl dg ulrfrcgn`l kl d’frhgnipg{ifn

@fccl {f|p dlp g|{rlp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp$ d’F`l kfi{ `fn`f|rir g| rlnfr`lcln{ kl dg cfklr#

nipg{ifn kl d’É{g{. Å `l{{l n$ d’frhgnipcl cl{{rg ln udg`l |n pyp{ácl w|i ulrcl{{rg g|q ì{fylnp l{ g|q

ì{fylnnlp w|i |{idipln{ dl frc|dgirl édl`{rfniw|l kl udgin{l ginpi w|’g|q ulrpfnnlp inp`ri{lp å d’lqgcln kl

rgnègip kl p|izrl ln dihnl dl|r kfppilr. Id gìdi{lrg éhgdlcln{ d’gkcinip{rg{ifn å kip{gn`l klp lqgclnp kl

rgnègip. Id ln{lnk lnn icudgn{lr |nl `|d{|rl kl rl`fnngippgn`l gn k’g{{irlr l{ kl rl{lnir |n ulrpfnnld

`fcué{ln{ l{ l`g`l.

?.; P|izi kl hlp{ifn G| `f|rp klp klrniárlp gnnélp$ d’F`l g {rgzgiddé å d’édgofrg{ifn l{ å d’gkgu{g{ifn kl nfcorl|q inki`g#

{l|rp ln z|l k’ll`{|lr |nl hlp{ifn ugr rép|d{g{p. D’lnplcodl kl `lp inki`lp `fnp{i{|l dl {godlg| kl ofrk

|{idipé ugr dlp clcorlp l{ dg kirl`{ifn kl d’F`l uf|r lqlr`lr |n p|izi rihf|rl|q kl plp plrzi`lp. Å d’gikl

kl `l{ f|{id$ id lp{ ud|p ugr{i`|diárlcln{ ufppiodl kl p|izrl dlp g`{izi{ép kl rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp

l{ kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn$ kl {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp$ kl urfk|`{ifn$ kl ki|pifn l{ k’gppip{gn`l {lrcinf#

dinh|ip{iw|lp$ ginpi w|l `lddlp rldg{izlp å d’gkcinip{rg{ifn klp lqgclnp kl rgnègip w|l kfizln{ ugpplr

`lr{ginp clcorlp klp frkrlp urflppifnnldp. Id ulrcl{ éhgdlcln{ k’gpp|rlr dl p|izi klp klcgnklp kl

rlnplihnlcln{p ufr{gn{ p|r dg @agr{l l{ pfn in{lruré{g{ifn$ k| pf|{iln kf`|cln{girl flr{ å plp diln{ádlp$

ln{rl g|{rlp å `lddlp ln urfzlngn`l kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn l{ klp ln{rluriplp$ ginpi w|l `ld|i klp {rgzg|q kl

rlàlràl p|r d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl.

?.< Ézgd|g{ifn klp urfhrgcclp ginpi w|l klp f|{idpl{ klp plrzi`lp flr{p ugr d’Fj`l

Ln ?575#?577$ dg Kirl`{ifn kl dg rlàlràl l{ kl d’ézgd|g{ifn g rékihé |n rguufr{ p|r dg pg{ipg`{ifn kl dg

`diln{ádl w|i |{idipl dl pi{l Xlo kl d’F`l. Dl pfnkghl ln dihnl g é{é régdipé ln{rl dl 7: cgrp ?575 l{ dl

07 cgi ?575$ l{ <<0 ulrpfnnlp y fn{ ugr{iìué. Dlp rép|d{g{p kl d’gngdypl cfn{rln{ w|l dlp |pghlrp pfn{

kádlp g| pi{l kl d’F`l. Ln ll{$ 8; , klp réufnkgn{p |{idipln{ dl pi{l Xlo klu|ip g| cfinp 0 gnp l{

80 , dl `fnp|d{ln{ {ráp pf|zln{ f| pf|zln{. Dl pi{l lp{ p|r{f|{ |{idipé kgnp dl `gkrl k| {rgzgid !8; ,) l{

ugr{i`|diárlcln{ uf|r dlp f|{idp dinh|ip{iw|lp !17 ,). Ln hénérgd$ 1: , klp réufnkgn{p {rf|zln{ {f|mf|rp

f| pf|zln{ `l w|’idp àlràln{ kgnp dl pi{l. Jingdlcln{$ dl w|gr{ klp ulrpfnnlp `fcc|niw|l gzl` d’F`l

uf|r gzfir ud|p k’infrcg{ifn f| uf|r fo{lnir kl cliddl|rlp lqudi`g{ifnp w|l `l w|’idp fn{ {rf|zé p|r dl

pi{l. [f|{lfip$ dg pi{|g{ifn n’grrizl w|l rgrlcln{ !79 ,).



@gkrl kl hlp{ifn



?

0

Ln ?575#?577$ dl Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp uf|r dg urfcf{ifn kl dg rgnìpg{ifn kgnp dlp

ln{rluriplp l{ dl Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln å dg rgnìpg{ifn ugr dlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp

`fcc|ni`g{ifnp fn{ g|ppi gi{ d’foml{ k’|nl ézgd|g{ifn. @lp kl|q urfhrgcclp pfn{ hérép ugr d’F`l

klu|ip ?551.

Dl Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp uf|r dg urfcf{ifn kl dg rgnìpg{ifn kgnp dlp ln{rluriplp

zipl å `l w|l klp ugr{lngirlp pfìfé`fnfciw|lp ugr{ghln{ gzl` dl hf|zlrnlcln{ dg rlpufnpgoidi{é kl

girl k| rgnègip dg dgnh|l nfrcgdl l{ agoi{|lddl kl dg zil u|odiw|l. D’foml`{i |d{icl lp{ kl urfcf|zfir dl

rgnègip l{ kl rlnfr`lr pfn |{idipg{ifn g| {rgzgid$ kgnp dlp plrzi`lp å dg `diln{ádl$ kgnp dg cipl ln cgràé

kl urfk|i{p l{ kl plrzi`lp$ l{ kgnp d’gàghl$ l{ `l$ ugr{i`|diárlcln{ kgnp dlp ln{rluriplp w|i lcudfiln{

cfinp kl <5 ulrpfnnlp. Gn k’g{{linkrl dlp foml`{ip$ dl urfhrgccl p|ozln{ifnnl d’édgofrg{ifn l{ dg {ln|lk’g`{izi{ép g|uráp klp clcorlp kl `lp ugr{lngirlp f| kgnp dl|r `fcc|ng|{é. \nl lnzldfuul o|khé{girl

kl 7 555 555 + lp{ g``frkél gnn|lddlcln{ å d’F`l uf|r `l urfhrgccl. W|g{rl rl`fccgnkg{ifnp

fn{ é{é frc|délp uf|r gcédifrlr dg hlp{ifn k| urfhrgccl l{ uf|r cil|q dl girl `fnngî{rl g|uráp klp

gppfìg{ifnp k| W|éol`.

Dl Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln å dg rgnìpg{ifn ugr dlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp

zipl å giklr dlp ln{rluriplp gygn{ ln{rl 77 l{ 99 lcudfyép å oénéìlr k’|nl gikl ngnìárl guudi`godl å

dl|rp [I@ |niw|lcln{. Uf|r dlp ln{rluriplp w|i `fcu{ln{ ln{rl <5 l{ 99 lcudfyép klu|ip g| cfinp : cfip

l{ w|i pfn{ inp`ri{lp7 å d’F`l uf|r fo{lnir dl|r `lr{i`g{ kl rgnìpg{ifn$ dl urfhrgccl dlp guu|ilrg kgnp

dl|r kécgràl kl rgnìpg{ifn ln dl|r ulrcl{{gn{ k’fo{lnir `l `lr{i`g{. \nl lnzldfuul o|khé{girl kl

? 555 555 + lp{ g``frkél gnn|lddlcln{ å d’F`l uf|r `l urfhrgccl. @inw rl`fccgnkg{ifnp fn{ é{é

gi{lp å dg p|i{l kl `l{{l ézgd|g{ifn. @lddlp#ì zipln{ å gcédifrlr dg hlp{ifn k| urfhrgccl$ å ulrcl{{rl å

kl ud|p ul{i{lp ln{rluriplp k’y ugr{iìulr$ å gìdi{lr dg régdipg{ifn klp urfml{p l{ å é{lnkrl dl urfhrgccl

å d’gàghl u|odi` l{ å dg kf`|cln{g{ifn `fcclrìgdl gn kl p|ozln{ifnnlr klp urfml{p {f|àgn{

kgzgn{ghl dg rgnìpg{ifn klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp.

7. \nl ln{rluripl lp{ `fnpikérél `fccl inp`ri{l å d’Fj`l pi lddl g rgnài dlp kl|q urlciárlp é{gulp kl dg kécgràl kl rgnìpg{ifn =dl kéuû{ klp rlnplihnlcln{p hénérg|q l{ `ld|i kl d’gngdypl dinh|ip{iw|l.



_égdipg{ifnp kl d’Fjji`l ugr rguufr{

g|q foml`{ijp k| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;

0





0_égdipg{ifnp kl d’Fjji`l ugr rguufr{g|q foml`{ijp k| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;

Pfccgirl klp rép|d{g{p ?575#?577

Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l 7_lnfr`lr dg udg`l k| rgnègip kgnp dlp cidil|q kl {rgzgid

l{ kgnp dlp plrzi`lp g| u|odi`

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.7 D’|pghl k| rgnègip kgnp d’lpug`l u|odi` w|éoé`fip

Foml`{i Inki`g{l|r @iodl _ép|d{g{ Ughl

7.7.7 [rgzgiddlr å dg cipl lnŐ|zrl l{ g| p|izi k|udgn k’g`{ifn

_é|ppir lnplcodl ln rgnègip

É{g{ kl régdipg{ifn klpclp|rlp uréz|lp

P. F. Clp|rlp ln f|rpkl régdipg{ifn

G <9

7.7.? [rgzgiddlr å dg cipl lnŐ|zrl l{ g| p|izi kldg P{rg{éhil `fcc|nlk’in{lrzln{ifn uf|rCfn{régd ?551#?570

É{g{ kl régdipg{ifn klpclp|rlp uréz|lp

P. F. Clp|rlp ln f|rpkl régdipg{ifn

G :?

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.? Dg rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp


7.?.7 Jgirl urfhrlpplrdlp ln{rluriplp nfn`lr{iélp zlrp dghénérgdipg{ifn kld’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip

Nfcorl l{ uf|r`ln{ghlk’ln{rluriplp nfn `lr{iélpgygn{ rgnài g| cfinp|nl é{gul ké{lrcingn{l k|urf`lpp|p kl rgnìpg{ifn

85 , klp ln{rluriplpnfn lr{iélp inp`ri{lpg| 7lr gzrid kl àgw|lgnnél

<7 , 1 :<

?< , kl `lddlp inp`ri{lpg| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l

;9 , ; :<

7.?.? Zliddlr å `l w|l dlpln{rluriplp lr{iélpln{rl dl 7lr gzrid ?55:? l{ dl 07 cgrp ?577cgin{ilnnln{ dghénérgdipg{ifn kld’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip

Uf|r`ln{ghl klp rguufr{p{rilnng|q rlè|p g| `f|rp kld’lqlrì`l gnnizlrpgirl kldl|r lr {i`g{ifn

15 , klp rguufr{plqihiodlp

1; , ; ::

Uf|r`ln{ghl klp rguufr{p{rilnng|q zgdikép

8< , klp rguufr{p rlè|pg| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l

<0 , 1 ::

?< , klp rguufr{p rlè|pg| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`luré`ékln{

08 , ; ::

Uf|r`ln{ghl k’ln{rluriplp`fnfrclp 85 , klp ln{rluriplpkfn{ dl rguufr{ g é{ézgdiké

8? , ; ::

?. _l`{ij`g{ifn kl dg kg{l cgrw|gn{ dl kéo|{ kl dg uérifkl

déhlnkl

; foml`{i g{{lin{ f| kéugppé H urfhráp nf{é 1 kéj å rldlzlr G ln `f|rp å zlnir Ñ gognkfnné




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL<?

_égdipg{ifnp kl d’Fjji`l ugr rguufr{g|q foml`{ijp k| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;0


7.?.0 Clnlr klpin{lrzln{ifnppl`{frilddlp f| å dgpf|r`l ln z|l klrépf|krl hdfogdlcln{klp urfodáclp klrgnìpg{ifn

Nfcorl$ ng{|rl l{ foml{ klpin{lrzln{ifnp

G| cfinp75 in{lrzln{ifnp ugrgnnél

75 ; :8

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.0 Dg rgnìpg{ifn kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn


7.0.7 Jgirl urfhrlpplrdlp frhgnipclp kld’Gkcinip{rg{ifn zlrpdg hénérgdipg{ifn kld’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip

Uf|r`ln{ghl k’frhgnipclp`lr{iép

K’iì g| 07 cgrp ?57;$05 , kl `l|q inp`ri{p g|7lr gzrid ?559

?7 , G :9

7.0.? Zliddlr å d’g`{|gdi#pg{ifn k| `fn{ln| kld’in{rgnl{ dinh|ip{iw|lkl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn0

Nfcorl kl ré|nifnp {ln|lpugr dlp `fci{ép frcép å`l{{l n

G| cfinp 0 ré|nifnp ugrgnnél

7 Ñ 85

Uf|r`ln{ghl kl rézipifnrégdipé;

?< , k| fn{ln| 5 Ñ 85

Dip{l klp gcédifrg{ifnpll`{|élp P. F. P. F. Ñ 85

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.; Dl rlpul`{ kl dg @agr{l


7.;.7 P’gpp|rlr w|l dgk|rél cfylnnlkl {rgi{lcln{ klpkfppilrp kl udgin{lprlpul`{l |n kédgirgipfnngodl {f|{

ln é{godippgn{ klpurifri{ép k’g`{ifn kgnpdl|r p|izi

K|rél cfylnnl kl{rgi{lcln{ klp kfppilrplrcép k|rgn{ d’lqlrì`l l{n’gygn{ ugp é{é p|pulnk|p

Cgqic|c kl 7? cfip 1$7 cfip ; 85

Nfcorl kl urifri{ép G| cfinp ? ugr gnnél ? ; 85

0. Guulddg{ifn fjìlddl kl l{ in{rgnl{

;. Cfkij`g{ifn guufr{él å dg rékg {ifn

déhlnkl







Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ?@iodlr l{ ofniilr d’frl dinh|ip{iw|l$ {lrcinfdfhiw|l l{ {fufnyciw|l

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.7 Dg {lrcinfdfhil kl dgnh|l rgnègipl


?.7.7 Lnriàir dg {lrcinfdfhilln urizidéhign{ dlpkfcginlp klp {lànf#dfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifnl{ klp `fcc|ni#`g{ifnp$ k| kézldfu#

ulcln{ k|rgodl$ klppìln`lp l{ kl dgpgn{é

Nfcorl kl nf|zlg|q{lrclp `réép

7? {lrclp ugr gnnél 10 ; 8?

Nfcorl kl nf|zlg|q{lrclp réulr{friép

0 <55 {lrclp ugr gnnél ? 1?9 1 8?

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.? Dlp f|{idp k’gikl å dg cgî{ripl k| rgnègip


?.?.7 _lnkrl c|d{idinh|ldl Hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl{lrcinfdfhiw|l !HK[)$ln kfnngn{ dg urifri{é$f|{rl g| rgnègip$

g|q g|{rlp dgnh|lpdlp ud|p ugrdélp g|W|éol`

Dip{l klp dgnh|lp gmf|{élp Gnhdgip$ lpughnfd$ufr{|hgip l{ i{gdiln

Gnhdgip G 80

Nfcorl kl {lrclp in{éhréppldfn dg dgnh|l

P. F. ? ;8; {lrclpgnhdgip

05 guulddg{ifnppìln{iw|lp lndg{in

G 80

Kg{l kl régdipg{ifn 07 cgrp ?57? P. F. G P. F.

?.?.? _l`fnh|rlr d’grài#{l`{|rl infrcg{iw|lklp f|{idp k’gikl å dgcgî{ripl k| rgnègipgn kl dlp rlnkrlin{lrfuérgodlp

F|{idp rl`fnh|rép lnurifri{é

Dg Ognw|l klkéugnnghl dinh|ip{iw|ll{ Dl rgnègip g| o|rlg|

[rgzg|q ln f|rp 80

Kéuû{ k| `gdlnkrilr klp{rgzg|q

07 cgrp ?575 Kéuû{ rlufr{é 1 80

Kg{l kl régdipg{ifn 07 cgrp ?57; P. F. G P. F.

?.?.0 @rélr l{ cgin{lnirklp ugr{lngrig{p

g| W|éol` l{ åd’lq{éril|r k| W|éol`gn k’lnriàir dlpf|{idp {lrcinfdinh|ip#{iw|lp

Nfcorl kl ugr{lngrig{p`réép f| cgin{ln|p

G| cfinp 7? ugr{lngrig{pk’iì g| 07 cgrp ?57;

? `réép l{

; cgin{ln|p

G 8;

Dip{l klp ugr{lngrig{p `réépf| cgin{ln|p

P. F. @réép = JCI l{ I\DG

Cgin{ln|p =ONW$ @ln{rl kl{lrcinfdfhil kl[lrc`g{$ KHDJDJl{ FIJ

G 8;

déhlnkl





FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL<;


Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l 0Kf`|cln{lr dlp `fnngippgn`lp p|r dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l

l{ p|r dlp w|lp{ifnp {f|àgn{ dg dgnh|l rgnègipl g| W|éol`

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 0.7 Dl p|izi kl d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l g| W|éol`


0.7.7 _lcl{{rl g| cinip{rlrlpufnpgodl|n rguufr{ p|rd’ézfd|{ifn kl dgpi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|lw|éoé`fipl

Kéuû{ k| udgn kl {rgzgid 07 cgrp ?575 Kéuû{ lnézrilr ?575

; 8<

Kéuû{ k| rguufr{ G| f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l?570#?57;

P. F. P. F.

0.7.? _gnlr d’foplrzg{ifnkl d’ézfd|{ifn kl dgpi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l

Nfcorl l{ foml{ klp é{|klpkl ng{|rl cé{afkfdfhiw|lki|pélp

G| cfinp kl|q é{|klpk’iì g| 07 cgrp ?57;

P. F. P. F.

[ln|l k’|n `fddfw|l l{ki|pifn klp g`{lp

K’iì g| 07 cgrp ?570uf|r dl `fddfw|l

P. F. P. F.

K’iì g| 05 plu{lcorl?570 uf|r dlp g`{lp

P. F. P. F.

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 0.? D’lqulr{ipl ln cg{iárl k’gcénghlcln{ dinh|ip{iw|l


0.?.? Cgin{lnir l{kézldfuulr dlp`fnngippgn`lp lncg{iárl k’gcéng#hlcln{ dinh|ip{iw|l

Nfcorl l{ foml{ klpugr{lngrig{p cgin{ln|p f|é{godip

P. F. ? cgin{ln|p =`ffuérg{ifnW|éol`#@g{gdfhnll{ KHDJDJ

G 8<

Nfcorl l{ foml{ klp é{|klprégdipélp

P. F. P. F. P. F.

déhlnkl







Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ;Cl{{rl ln zgdl|r dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl

l{ `édéorlr dg zi{gdi{é k| rgnègip

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.7 Dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl


;.7.7 Cil|q girl`fnngî{rl dgufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|lg| W|éol` l{ åd’lq{éril|r k| W|éol`

Nfcorl kl rln`fn{rlp l{ kl`fnérln`lp

P. F. 7? rln`fn{rlp l{? fnérln`lp

; 8:

Nfcorl kl urfhrgcclp l{kl urfml{p kl `ffuérg{ifn

P. F. 7 ; 8:

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.? Dg plnpioidipg{ifn å dg zil ln rgnègip


;.?.7 Urfcf|zfir l{zgdfriplr dg zil lnrgnègip kgnp d’lpug`lu|odi`

Dip{l k’g`{izi{ép f| klu|odi`g{ifnp régdipélp f|pf|{ln|lp

P. F. Jrgn`fí{l

Pgdfnp l{ `fnhráp

_éicurlppifn klkéudign{p

; 88

;.?.? Pf|dihnlr$ ln ?577$ dlp<5 gnp k’lqip{ln`l kld’F`l

Kéuû{ k| urfhrgccl klpg`{izi{ép 07 ké`lcorl ?575 Kéuû{ ln mgnzilr?577 ; 81

;.?.0 Pf|dihnlr d’guufr{rlcgrw|godl ln gzl|rkl dg dgnh|l rgnègiplkl ulrpfnnlp$ klhrf|ulp$ k’frhg#nipclp f| k’ln{rl#uriplp

Dip{l klp uriq$ klp dg|rég{pl{ klp képihng{ifnp {fufny#ciw|lp `fccécfrg{izlp

P. F. 79 uriq rlcip ; 81

déhlnkl





FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL<:


Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l <Cfklrniplr d’frl kl plrzi`l l{ g``rfî{rl

dg ulrfrcgn`l kl d’frhgnipg{ifn

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.7 Dl {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp


<.7.7 Ulrcl{{rl g|q`i{fylnp w|i |{idipln{dl frc|dgirlédl`{rfniw|l kl p|izrlln dihnl dl|r kfppilrkl udgin{l

Kéuû{ k| `gdlnkrilr klcipl ln udg`l k’|n pyp{áclinfrcg{ipé

07 cgrp ?575 Kéuû{ lncgrp ?575

; 15

Kg{l kl régdipg{ifn 07 cgrp ?57? P. F. P. F.

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.? D’gkcinip{rg{ifn klp lqgclnp kl rgnègip


<.?.7 Ulrcl{{rl g|qulrpfnnlp inp`ri{lp åd’lqgcln kl rgnègipkl p|izrl ln dihnl dl|rkfppilr

Kéuû{ k| `gdlnkrilr klcipl ln udg`l k’|n pyp{áclinfrcg{ipé

07 cgrp ?575 Kéuû{ rlufr{é 1 15

Kg{l kl régdipg{ifn 07 cgrp ?577 Nfn régdipé 1 15

<.?.? Jg`idi{lr d’gkcinip#{rg{ifn å kip{gn`l klplqgclnp kl rgnègip

Nfcorl l{ dil| klp pégn`lp G| cfinp 75 pégn`lpugr gnnél 71;

17

Nfcorl kl ulrpfnnlpurépln{lp g|q pégn`lp<

P. F. 701 ; 17

<. Cfkij`g{ifn guufr{él å dg rékg {ifn

déhlnkl







Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.0 Dg hlp{ifn klp `fcué{ln`lp l{ klp pgzfirp


<.0.7 Icudgn{lr |nl `|d{|rlkl rl`fnngippgn`lgn k’g{{irlr l{ klrl{lnir |n ulrpfnnld`fcué{ln{ l{ulrfrcgn{

Kg{l k’icudgn{g{ifn K’i`i g| 07 cgrp ?57; [ln|l kl ? g`{izi{épuf|r pf|dihnlr dg`fn{rio|{ifn kl`lr{ginp clcorlpk| ulrpfnnld!?< gnp kl plrzi`lg| hf|zlrnlcln{l{ kéugr{ å dgrl{rgi{l)

G 17

<.0.? Jgzfriplr dlkézldfuulcln{ klp`fcué{ln`lp klphlp{ifnngirlp l{ k|ulrpfnnld

Uf|r`ln{ghl kl dg cgpplpgdgrigdl `fnpg`ré å dgfrcg{ifn

G| cfinp ? , 7$< , 1 1?

Nfcorl kl mf|rp#ulrpfnnlp`fnpg`rép å dg frcg{ifninkizik|lddl f| `fddl`{izl

P. F. <90$; mf|rp#ulrpfnnlp

; 1?

<.0.0 Jg`idi{lr dg{rgnpcippifn l{d’g`{|gdipg{ifn klppgzfirp p{rg{éhiw|lp

Nfcorl k’g`{izi{ép klcln{frg{

P. F. 5 1 1?

Nfcorl kl p{ghigirlp G| cfinp 0 ugr gnnél ; ; 1?

déhlnkl


Pgil}#f|p w|l…

Dl nfcorl k’ln{rluriplp`lr{ijélp lp{ ln urfhrlppifn`fnp{gn{l klu|ip ud|p kl 7< gnpl{ g g{{lin{ <¥5:: g| 07 cgrp.




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL<1


Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l 7_fr`r ` rèp p p cq {rz

{ p p prz`p `

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.7 D’|pghl k| rgnègip kgnp d’lpug`l u|odi` w|éoé`fip

@fn{lq{l = G| `f|rp klp klrniárlp ké`lnnilp$ dg rgnìpg{ifn klp cidil|q kl {rgzgid l{ klp `fcclr`lp

g| W|éol` p’lp{ gcédifrél. Id rlp{l `lulnkgn{ klp urfhráp å g``fcudir$ nf{gccln{ å Cfn{régd$ ginpi

w|l kgnp dlp ul{i{lp ln{rluriplp cfinp f|{iddélp uf|r dg rgnìpg{ifn w|l dlp ud|p hrgnklp. Ln ll{$ `’lp{

kgnp `lp cidil|q w|l dlp ll{p klp nf|zlddlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp$

klp àgnhlcln{p ké`f|dgn{ kl d’ézfd|{ifn kécfhrguaiw|l ginpi w|l kl dg cfnkigdipg{ifn klp é`fnf#cilp pfn{ p|p`lu{iodlp kl pl girl pln{ir gzl` dl ud|p k’g`|i{é g| rlhgrk kl d’|pghl k| rgnègip. Jg`l å

d’icufr{gn`l klp lnml|q l{ å d’gcudl|r k| ké w|l rlurépln{gi{ dg rlàlràl kl pfd|{ifnp uf|r rlnfr`lr

ln{rl g|{rlp dg rgnìpg{ifn å Cfn{régd$ |nl péril kl clp|rlp fn{ é{é inp{g|rélp kgnp dl udgn k’g`{ifn

hf|zlrnlcln{gd _é|ppir lnplcodl ln rgnègip ginpi w|l kgnp dg P{rg{éhil `fcc|nl k’in{lrzln{ifn uf|r

Cfn{régd ?551#?570.

Pgil}#f|p w|l…

Dl nfcorl k’lqgclnp klrgnègip gkcinip{rép ugr d’F`llp{ ln urfhrlppifn `fnp{gn{l.@l{{l ag|ppl g é{é kl 70$7¥, ugrrguufr{ å d’gnnél uré`ékln{l.






Dg cipl ln Ő|zrl kl ud|pil|rp k’ln{rl lddlp rlziln{ å d’F`l$ l{ dlp rép|d{g{p fo{ln|p uf|r àg`|nl$ ln

?575#?577$ pfn{ lqufpép ì#klppf|p.

Foml`{i 7.7.7 [rgzgiddlr å dg cipl ln Ő|zrl l{ g| p|izi k| udgn k’g`{ifn

_é|ppir lnplcodl ln rgnègip

Clp|rl uréz|l _ép|d{g{

7.7.7.7 Cipl ln Ő|zrl k’|n urfhrgccl kl rgnìpg{ifn klp{lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn kgnp dlp ln{rluriplpkl 77 å 99 lcudfyép$ ln ufr{gn{ |nl g{{ln{ifnugr{i`|diárl å `lddlp kl dg réhifn kl Cfn{régd

Ln ?575#?577$ dl Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln å dg rgnìpg{ifn ugrdlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp![I@) g ulrcip å 0; ln{rluriplp k’fo{lnir |nl gikl ngnìárl{f{gdipgn{ :17 0<1 +. @l{{l pfccl rlurépln{l |nl ag|ppl

kl 8 , ugr rguufr{ å `lddl f`{rfyél d’gnnél uré`ékln{l.Hrï`l å `lp 0; urfml{p$ ? 0:0 lcudfyép ézfd|ln{ kfréngzgn{kgnp |n lnzirfnnlcln{ fù idp oénéìln{ k’f|{idp {lànf#dfhiw|lp ln rgnègip. Ugrci dlp p|ozln{ifnp g``frkélp$ ?<fn{ é{é g{{rio|élp kgnp dg hrgnkl réhifn kl Cfn{régd$ uf|r|n cfn{gn{ kl <09 9:< +$ `l w|i éw|izg|{ å 89 , kl {f|{lpdlp p|ozln{ifnp gnn|lddlp g``frkélp. Pf|dihnfnp éhgdlcln{w|l$ klu|ip pfn lqip{ln`l$ `l urfhrgccl g ulrcip å<5 ln{rluriplp k’fo{lnir ud|p rguiklcln{ dl|r `lr{i`g{ klrgnìpg{ifn.

7.7.7.? Gmf|{ kl ?5 nf|zlddlp rlppf|r`lp Dlp ?5 nf|zlddlp rlppf|r`lp fn{ é{é gmf|{élp g| f|rp klplqlrì`lp ?551#?559 l{ ?559#?575.

7.7.7.0 Cipl ln réplg| !fr|c édl`{rfniw|l) klp `fci{épkl rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp kl 755 lcudfyép f|ud|p

Dl ufr{gid xxx.dgnh|lk|{rgzgid.`fc$ régdipé ugr dg Jékérg{ifnklp {rgzgiddl|rp l{ {rgzgiddl|plp k| W|éol` hrï`l å |nlp|ozln{ifn kl d’F`l$ `fnp{i{|l |n urlcilr f|{id in{lrg`{i kl

frcg{ifn l{ kl réérln`l cip å dg kipufpi{ifn klp clcorlpkl `fci{ép kl rgnìpg{ifn l{ ufr{gn{ p|r klp w|lp{ifnp diélpå dg rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp l{ å d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègipkgnp {f|p dlp gpul`{p k| {rgzgid. K’gofrk `fnè| uf|r dlp{rgzgiddl|rp k| pl`{l|r kl d’gérfpug{igdl ln ?559#?575$ `lufr{gid p’lp{ é{lnk| g| pl`{l|r klp {édé`fcc|ni`g{ifnp g|`f|rp kl ?575#?577$ `fcu{l {ln| k| zi p|``áp w|’id `fnngî{.

7.7.7.; Urfcf{ifn kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip `fccl dgnh|lkl plrzi`l g| cfyln k’|nl `gcughnl u|odiì{girlklp{inél g|q `fnpfccg{l|rp l{ g|q ln{rluriplp$ugr{i`|diárlcln{ kgnp dg réhifn kl Cfn{régd

Dg `gcughnl u|odiì{girl in{i{|dél Clrì kl cl plrzir lnrgnègip g é{é régdipél ln ?559#?575.

7.7.7.< @rég{ifn k’|nl gkrlppl Xlo gn kl ulrcl{{rl g|qulrpfnnlp w|i p’y rlnkln{ kl `fnngî{rl dg kipufni#oidi{é ln rgnègip kl urfk|i{p kl dgrhl fnpfccg{ifn

Ln zlr{| k’|nl ln{ln{l `fn`d|l gzl` d’éki{l|r kl Urf{éhl}#zf|p$ d’F`l urf`ákl å d’gngdypl kl dg fnfrci{é dinh|ip{iw|lkl urfk|i{p {lp{ép kgnp dg rlz|l. Dlp `fn`d|pifnp kl `lpzérii`g{ifnp pfn{ lnp|i{l ki|pélp kgnp dl pi{l Xlo kld’F`l l{ kgnp `ld|i kl Urf{éhl}#zf|p. @l{{l gnnél$ d’F`lg ézgd|é kiérln{lp cgrw|lp kl {édéuafnlp in{lddihln{p. Id gginpi u| ké`lrnlr å ud|pil|rp guugrlidp dl p`lg| [lànfdfhil{f|{ ln rgnègip.




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL:5



7.7.7.: _égdi pg{ifn k’|nl kécgràl ìodél kl plnp ioidi#pg{ifn g|uráp klp ul{i{lp ln{rluriplp klp réhifnpkl Cfn{régd l{ kl d’F|{gf|gip gn kl dlp infrclrkl d’icufr{gn`l k’|{idiplr dl rgnègip `fccl dgnh|lkl plrzi`l

Dlp p|ozln{ifnp f`{rfyélp ugr d’Fi`l kgnp dl `gkrl k|Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp uf|r dg urfcf{ifnkl dg rgnìpg{ifn kgnp dlp ln{rluriplp d|i fn{ ulrcip kl`fn{rio|lr kl gèfn nf{godl å dg régdipg{ifn kl ud|pil|rpurfml{p kl plnpioidipg{ifn$ kfn{ =

  Dlufr{gid@grrljf|rjrgnìpg{ifn$régdipéugrdg@agcorlkl `fcclr`l k| Cfn{régd cé{rfufdi{gin$ w|i p’inp`ri{ kgnpdl `gkrl kl dg P{rg{éhil `fcc|nl k’in{lrzln{ifn uf|rCfn{régd ?551#?570 zipgn{ dg rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplpkl cfinp kl <5 lcudfyép. @l ufr{gid rgpplcodl d’infr#cg{ifn p|r dlp nfcorl|q f|{idp l{ plrzi`lp kl rgnì#pg{ifn w|l dl hf|zlrnlcln{ k| W|éol` urfufpl g|qln{rluriplp$ {ldp w|l klp `f|rp kl rgnègip$ klp cfkádlpkl `frrlpufnkgn`l$ klp dlqiw|lp l{ klp urfhrgcclp klp|ozln{ifnp.

  Dgciplp|ruilkk’|nléw|iulklnl|jkécgràl|rpw|ighippln{ `fccl rldgyl|rp uf|r plnpioidiplr dlp urfurié#{girlp kl `fcclr`lp l{ k’ln{rluriplp å d’icufr{gn`lk’frir dl|rp plrzi`lp ln rgnègip$ l{ uf|r dlp g``fcughnlrkgnp dg uf|rp|i{l kl `l{ foml`{i.

  Dg`gcughnlklplnpioidipg{ifnPlrzl}dljrgnègipåzfdfn{é$ clnél å d’g|{fcnl ?575 ugr d’Gppfìg{ifnklp rlp{g|rg{l|rp k| W|éol` g|uráp kl plp clcorlpgin k’g``rfî{rl d’|{idipg{ifn kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl l{kl urfcf|zfir dg w|gdi{é k| rgnègip g| {rgzgid$ {f|{ lnkécfn{rgn{ dlp gzgn{ghlp `fn`|rrln{ildp kl d’|pghl k|rgnègip kgnp dlp plrzi`lp kl rlp{g|rg{ifn.

  Dg`gcughnlklplnpioidipg{ifnkldgPfìé{éklkézldfu#ulcln{ k| of|dlzgrk Pgin{#Dg|rln{$ w|i g nf{gccln{urfk|i{ |n h|ikl urg{iw|l ln z|l k’gcédifrlr d’g``|lid l{ dlpplrzi`lp ln rgnègip$ l{ d’g kip{rio|é g|q :55 `fcclr`lpk| of|dlzgrk Pgin{#Dg|rln{.

  \nufr{giddinh|ip{iw|l`fnè|ugrdl_éplg|GjjgirlpUd|p$w|i g uf|r foml`{i kl ulrcl{{rl g|q `fcclr`lp kl dgréhifn kl Dgzgd l{ klp Ogpplp#Dg|rln{iklp k’gzfir g``ápå klp rlnplihnlcln{p urg{iw|lp l{ å klp f|{idp `fnzizig|qgn kl oiln plrzir dg `diln{ádl ln rgnègip.

7.7.7.8 [ln|l kl rln`fn{rlp gzl` dlp f|rnippl|rp kl hrgnkpké{giddgn{p uf|r dlp rlnplihnlr p|r dlp lqihln`lp kldg @agr{l

Kgnp dl gkrl kl d’ln{ln{l kl ugr{lngrig{ fn`d|l gzl` dg rlz|lUrf{éhl}#zf|p !zfir dg clp|rl 7.7.7.<)$ d’F`l g urf`éké$g| `f|rp kl ?575#?577$ å |nl ézgd|g{ifn {lànfdinh|ip{iw|lkl kiérln{lp cgrw|lp kl {édéuafnlp in{lddihln{p. @l{{lézgd|g{ifn g inì{é klp f|rnippl|rp cgml|rp g| W|éol` kfn{

dlp urfk|i{p é{giln{ nfn `fnfrclp å dg @agr{l å rlkf|odlrk’grkl|r uf|r ugrzlnir å pg{ipgirl$ g| of|{ kl w|ldw|lp cfip$g|q `ri{árlp kl d’ézgd|g{ifn {lànfdinh|ip{iw|l kl d’F`l.







7.7.7.1 Cipl ln Ő|zrl k’|n udgn kl p|izi l{ kl zliddl p|rd’gàghl$ ud|p ugr{i`|diárlcln{ kgnp dg réhifn klCfn{régd

@fnpikérgn{ d’ézfd|{ifn k| ugypghl dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fip$nf{gccln{ kgnp d’gàghl u|odi`$ d’F`l g ln{rlurip |nlpéril kl clp|rlp p{r|`{|rgn{lp. Id g$ ln{rl g|{rlp$ dgrhlcln{ki|pé dlp lqihln`lp ln cg{iárl k’giàghl u|odi` l{`fcclrìgd g|uráp kl kiérln{lp {rio|nlp puéìgdipélp$k’gppfìg{ifnp f| kl ugr{lngirlp$ l{ g clné klp g`{ifnpurézln{izlp$ ln ugr{i`|dilr g|uráp klp rgnàipl|rp. Id lp{éhgdlcln{ in{lrzln| kl gèfn ufn`{|lddl g|uráp kl ud|pil|rpln{rluriplp kfn{ dg rgipfn pfìgdl g gi{ d’foml{ k’|nl udgin{lf| k’|n lqgcln ud|p g{{ln{i kgnp dl `gkrl kl dl|r kécgràlkl rgnìpg{ifn.

7.7.7.9 _guuld l{ p|izi rlnfr`é$ g|uráp kl d’gkcinip{rg{ifnu|odiw|l$ klp ráhdlp kl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|lhf|zlrnlcln{gdl l{ kl dg U\J[I@

\nl kécgràl fìlddl g é{é ln{rluripl$ ln f`{forl ?559$g|uráp kl {f|p dlp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp gn kl rl`|liddirdlp kfnnélp né`lppgirlp uf|r ézgd|lr d’guudi`g{ifn w|’idp fn{kl dg Ufdi{iw|l k’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp dlp {lànfdfhilpkl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp !U\J[I@). D’F`l gurf`éké$ g| `f|rp kl ?575#?577$ å dg zgdikg{ifn l{ å d’gngdyplklp infrcg{ifnp f|rnilp ugr dlp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp.@fcu{l {ln| kl d’lnzlrh|rl l{ kl dg `fcudlqi{é kl dl|rplnzirfnnlcln{p infrcg{iw|lp$ dlp `fn`d|pifnp kl `l{{l`fddl`{l plrfn{ `fnn|lp ln ?577#?57?.

7.7.7.75 Urfcf{ifn kl d’in{rgnl{ dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn Ln ?575#?577$ d’F i`l g `fnp| d{é dlp cgnkg{g irlp klpcinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp uf|r zériilr dg ulr{inln`l klcgin{lnir d’in{rgnl{ dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn. Pldfndlp rép|d{g{p fo{ln|p$ id nl plrgi{ ud|p né`lppgirl u|ipw|ldg cgml|rl ugr{il kl pfn `fn{ln|$ pfi{ klp f|{idp {lrcinf#dinh|ip{iw|lp ginpi w|l d’infrcg{ifn rldg{izl å d’guudi`g{ifn

kl dg @agr{l l{ dlp ufdi{iw|lp hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp å inìkln`ldinh|ip{iw|l$ pl {rf|zl kémå kgnp dl pi{l Xlo kl d’Fi`l.D’in{rgnl{ dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn plrg kfn` rl{irékl d’in{rgnl{ hf|zlrnlcln{gd g| `f|rp k| urfàgin lqlrì`lngnìlr.

7.7.7.77 P{rg{éhil kl ud|p hrgnkl ki|pifn klp urfhrgcclp$f|{idp l{ plrzi`lp dinh|ip{iw|lp flr{p g| u|odi`

Dg cipl å mf|r alokfcgkgirl k| pi{l Xlo kl d’F`l ginpiw|l dg ugr{iìug{ifn å kiérln{p pgdfnp l{ `fnhráp fn{ é{éd’f``gpifn kl ki|plr å hrgnkl éàlddl kl d’infrcg{ifn p|rdlp urfk|i{p l{ plrzi`lp {lrcinfdinh|ip{iw|lp.

7.7.7.7? G`{izi{ép `|d{|rlddlp `édéorgn{ dg zi{gdi{é kl dg dgnh|lrgnègipl

G| `f|rp klp {rfip plcginlp kl dg Jrgn`fí{l$ klp ki}ginlpk’g`{izi{ép fn{ é{é frhgnipélp g|q w|g{rl `finp k| W|éol`!`fn`f|rp$ kéog{p$ cgrg{afnp kl dl`{|rl l{ k’é`ri{|rl$ki`{élp$ l{`.).

@fccln{girlp = Dl {godlg|#pyn{aápl uré`ékln{ gi{ é{g{ kl rép|d{g{p hdfogdlcln{ ufpi{ip. Ln ll{$ud|pil|rp clp|rlp pfn{ kémå régdipélp. Ugr giddl|rp$ id lp{ uréz| w|l `lr{ginlp k’ln{rl lddlp plrfn{ rl`fn#

k|i{lp g| `f|rp k| urfàgin lqlrì`l.




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL:?


Foml`{i 7.7.? [rgzgiddlr å dg cipl ln Ő|zrl l{ g| p|izi kl dg P{rg{éhil `fcc|nl k’in{lrzln{ifn

uf|r Cfn{régd ?551#?570


7.7.?.7 Cipl ln Ő|zrl k’|n urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|qgppfìg{ifnp

Ln ?575#?577$ dl Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnpuf|r dg urfcf{ifn kl dg rgnìpg{ifn kgnp dlp ln{rluriplpg ulrcip å 7: gppfìg{ifnp k’fo{lnir |nl gikl ingnìárl{f{gdipgn{ 99: ?95 +. @l{{l pfccl rlurépln{l |nl ag|pplkl uráp kl :5 , ugr rguufr{ å `lddl f`{rfyél d’gn klrnilr.

7.7.?.? Gikl ngnìárl g|q `ln{rgdlp pynki`gdlp uf|r dgrgnìpg{ifn

Dlp p|ozln{ifnp g``frkélp g|q frhgnipg{ifnp pynki`gdlp$kgnp dl gkrl k| Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln å dg rgnìpg{ifn uf|r

dlp ln{rgdlp pynki`gdlp$ fn{ {f{gdipé ;8< 555 + ln ?575#?577.

@lp p|ozln{ifnp fn{ ulrcip dg `fn`ré{ipg{ifn kl 7: urfml{pzipgn{ urinìugdlcln{ dg kyngcipg{ifn klp `fci{ép kl rgnì#pg{ifn l{ dg frcg{ifn klp clcorlp pynkiw|ép lnhghép kgnpdl urf`lpp|p kl rgnìpg{ifn k’ln{rluriplp lcudfygn{ ud|p kl755 ulrpfnnlp g| W|éol`.

7.7.?.0 Nf|zlg|q Céri{lp k| rgnègip uf|r dlp ul{i{lpln{rluriplp

Dl Céri{l k| rgnègip kgnp dlp UCL g é{é inp{g|ré ln?559#?575 gn kl rl`fnngî{rl dlp ul{i{lp ln{rluriplp w|i fn{rgyfnnlr dl rgnègip. Dlp `gnkikg{|rlp fn{ é{é rl`|liddilp g|cfyln k’|n fn`f|rp frhgnipé å l{{l n$ u|ip gngdypélp ugr|n m|ry. Ln ?577$ dl uriq g é{é rlcip å d’ln{rluripl @fn`lu{ifnHlnib dfrp kl dg Pfirél klp Céri{lp l{ klp uriq Jrgn`fu|o.

7.7.?.; Nf|zlddlp g`{izi{ép kgnp dlp ul{i{lp ln{rluriplp åd’f``gpifn kl dg Jrgn`fí{l

Uf|r dg {rfipiácl gnnél `fnpé`|{izl$ d’Fi`l g lnzfyé|n lqlcudgirl k| `gailr kl ml|q l{ kl d’giàl kl dg

Jrgn`fí{l g|q 75 555 ul{i{lp ln{rluriplp pi{|élp kgnp dlpziddlp p|izgn{lp = Cfn{régd$ Dgzgd$ Dfnh|l|id$ Pgin{#A|olr{$Orfppgrk$ Hrllnldk Ugrb$ ginpi w|l kgnp {f|{l dg réhifnkl d’F|{gf|gip.

Ugr giddl|rp$ ud|p kl ?8 555 `gailrp kl ml|q p|uudécln{girlpfn{ é{é klcgnkép ugr d’lnplcodl klp ln{rluriplp$ in`d|gn{dlp ln{rluriplp kl ud|p kl <5 lcudfyép.

7.7.?.< @gcughnl kl urfcf{ifn Jgirl klp ggirlp lnrgnègip

Dg `gcughnl u|odiì{girl in{i{|dél Clrì kl cl plrzir lnrgnègip g é{é régdipél ln ?559#?575.

7.7.?.: G`{ifnp kl plnpioidipg{ifn l{ k’infrcg{ifn ìodélpuf|r d’g``|lid l{ dlp plrzi`lp ln rgnègip kgnp dlp`fcclr`lp

Zfir dlp rép|d{g{p ké`ri{p å dg clp|rl 7.7.7.:.

7.7.?.8 Gcédifrg{ifn klp fnngippgn`lp klp {rgzgiddl|rp

l{ kl dl|rp lcudfyl|rp p|r dlp kipufpi{ifnp kldg @agr{l {f|àgn{ dg dgnh|l kl {rgzgid ginpi w|lp|r dlp rl`f|rp flr{p$ kfn{ dg cékig{ifn$ gnk’gpp|rlr dl rlpul`{ kl `lp kipufpi{ifnp

@l{ foml`{i g é{é g{{lin{ å d’gikl klp kiérln{p urfhrgcclp

kl p|ozln{ifnp ln zih|l|r å d’F`l. Ginpi$ dl Urfhrgcclkl pf|{iln å dg rgnìpg{ifn uf|r dlp `ln{rgdlp pynki`gdlp gulrcip kl ngn`lr ud|pil|rp urfml{p zipgn{ d’infrcg{ifn l{ dgfrcg{ifn k’|n nfcorl g``r| kl {rgzgiddl|rp kl cfylnnlp l{kl hrgnklp ln{rluriplp$ l{ `l$ kgnp dg ud|ugr{ klp réhifnpk| W|éol`. Ugr giddl|rp$ dlp urfml{p régdipép gzl` d’gikl k|urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp fn{ ulrcip$ w|gn{å l|q$ kl mfinkrl dlp ln{rluriplp kl cfinp kl <5 lcudfyép.






@fccln{girlp = Ln ?575#?577$ hrï`l g| urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp$ 7: ugr{lngirlp pfìf#

é`fnfciw|lp pl pfn{ cfoidipép gn kl kfnnlr |n nf|zld édgn å dg urfcf{ifn l{ å dg urf{l`{ifn k| rgnègip.

Hrï`l å `l{ icufr{gn{ réplg| kl rldgyl|rp$ kl nfcorl|plp g`{izi{ép kl urfcf{ifn$ kl plnpioidipg{ifn l{ kl

kézldfuulcln{ {lrcinfdfhiw|l fn{ é{é {ln|lp kgnp klp cidil|q k’ggirlp g|ppi kizlrpiép w|l dl pl`{l|r

kl dg rlp{g|rg{ifn$ dl kfcginl klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp hrguaiw|lp$ dl pl`{l|r klp {édé`fcc|ni`g{ifnp l{

`ld|i kl dg `|d{|rl. Kl ud|p$ d’F`l g f`{rfyé å a|i{ gppfìg{ifnp |nl p|ozln{ifn uf|r dg cipl ln udg`l

k’|n réplg| kl nl| kécgràl|rp w|i zipi{lrfn{ dlp ul{i{lp ln{rluriplp gn kl dlp inì{lr å pl rgnìplr l{

å oénéìlr kl urfhrgcclp hf|zlrnlcln{g|q.

Ugr giddl|rp$ d’F`l `fn{in|l kl ciplr p|r dl rûdl g`{i klp `fci{ép kl rgnìpg{ifn uf|r gpp|rlr f| girl

urfhrlpplr dg hénérgdipg{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp dlp hrgnklp ln{rluriplp:.

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.? Dg rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp

@fn{lq{l = D’F`l g rlè|$ ln{rl g|{rlp cgnkg{p$ `ld|i k’giklr dlp ln{rluriplp lcudfygn{ <5 ulrpfnnlp

f| ud|p å édgofrlr$ dl `gp éàégn{$ |n urfhrgccl kl rgnìpg{ifn `fnfrcl å dg @agr{l$ l{ å dl régdiplr.

Dfrpw|’id `fnp{g{l w|l d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip lp{ hénérgdipél kgnp |nl ln{rluripl$ id d|i kédizrl |n `lr{i`g{

kl rgnìpg{ifn.

Dl urf`lpp|p k’fo{ln{ifn k| `lr{i`g{ pl rép|cl `fccl p|i{ = |nl ln{rluripl kfi{ k’gofrk p’inp`rirl å

d’F`l$ u|ip urf`éklr å d’gngdypl kl pg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l l{ dg {rgnpcl{{rl å |n `fnpliddlr ln rgnì#

pg{ifn !ln{rluripl ln ézgd|g{ifn). Guráp zéri`g{ifn kl l{{l gngdypl$ |n lr{i`g{ kl rgnìpg{ifn ul|{ d|i

í{rl kédizré ugr d’F`l$ pi d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip y lp{ m|hél p|pgccln{ hénérgdipél uf|r pg{ipgirl g|q

lqihln`lp kl dg dfi !ln{rluripl `lr{iél pgnp urfhrgccl). Kgnp dl `gp `fn{rgirl$ d’ln{rluripl édgofrlrg

l{ pf|cl{{rg å d’F`l |n urfhrgccl gygn{ uf|r o|{ k’guufr{lr dlp `frrl`{ip lp{icép né`lppgirlp å pg

rgnìpg{ifn !ln{rluripl ln guudi`g{ifn kl urfhrgccl) l{ kfn{ dg régdipg{ifn d|i ulrcl{{rg å {lrcl k’fo{lnir

|n `lr{i`g{ !ln{rluripl `lr{iél guráp urfhrgccl). D’F`l réézgd|lrg lnp|i{l dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l kl

d’ln{rluripl {f|p dlp {rfip gnp l{ lqihlrg$ p’id y g dil|$ d’guudi`g{ifn kl clp|rlp kl rlkrlpplcln{.

Dl {godlg| l{ dl hrguaiw|l w|i p|izln{ fn{ é{g{ kl d’ézfd|{ifn k| urf`lpp|p kl rgnìpg{ifn g| `f|rp klp

kiq klrniárlp gnnélp. Fn rlcgrw|lrg w|l dl nfcorl k’ln{rluriplp inp`ri{lp g g|hcln{é g| d k| {lcup$

uf|r g{{linkrl < 917 g| 07 cgrp ?577. Ugr giddl|rp$ dl nfcorl k’ln{rluriplp `lr{iélp é{gi{ kl < 5:: å dg

n kl ?575#?577$ pfi{ |nl ag|ppl ugr rguufr{ å d’gnnél uré`ékln{l. Nf{fnp lnn w|l dl uf|r`ln{ghl kl

`lr{i`g{ifn fo{ln| ln ?575#?577 !1;$8 ,) lp{ ugrci dlp ud|p édlzép ln 75 gnp.

:. @fnfrcécln{ å dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ `lp `fci{ép kfizln{ {lnir g| cfinp |nl ré|nifn {f|p dlp piq cfip l{ í{rl `fcufpépk’|n nfcorl éhgd kl rlurépln{gn{p kl d’lcudfyl|r l{ klp {rgzgiddl|rp.




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL:;


[godlg| 75

Nfcorl l{ uf|r`ln{ghl k’ln{rluriplp$ pldfn dlp é{gulp kl `lr{ij`g{ifn!Lnplcodl k| W|éol`$ kl ?557#?55? å ?575#?577)

Lqlr i l- Ln{rluriplp ln ézgd|g{ifn--

Ln{rluriplpln guudi`g{ifn kl

urfhrgccl--

Ln{rluriplp`lr{ijélp--- [f{gd

Norl , Norl , Norl , Norl

?557#?55? 7 577 ?5$: 09; 1$5 0 ;98 87$; ; 95?

?55?#?550 7 500 ?5$0 0<7 :$9 0 85? 8?$1 < 51:

?550#?55; 88; 7;$9 ;8; 9$7 0 9<8 8:$5 < ?5<

?55;#?55< <75 9$8 <;< 75$0 ; ?7: 15$5 < ?87

?55<#?55: <9? 75$9 <?5 9$: ; 0?5 89$< < ;0?

?55:#?558 <99 75$: ;95 1$8 ; <<7 15$8 < :;5

?558#?551 :79 75$: ;<< 8$1 ; 887 17$: < 1;<

?551#?559 ;:? 8$9 ;09 8$< ; 987 1;$8 < 18?

?559#?575 <?1 9$5 ;?7 8$? ; 957 10$1 < 1<5

?575#?577 <51 1$< ;58 :$1 < 5:: 1;$8 < 917

- G| 07 cgrp-- Id p’ghi{ klp ln{rluriplp !HL l{ UCL) inp`ri{lp å d’Fj`l !rlnplihnlcln{p hénérg|q rlè|p)$ kfn{ dl urfhrgccl klrgn`ipg{ifn n’g ugp ln`frl é{é guurf|zé f| w|i pfn{ ln g{{ln{l k’|n `lr{ij`g{ kl rgn`ipg{ifn pgnp urfhrgccl.

--- @l nfcorl in`d|gi{$ g| 07 cgrp ?577$ 1?0 ln{rluriplp `lr{ijélp kl cfinp kl <5 ulrpfnnlp.






h_guaiw|l 7

Ézfd|{ifn k| uf|r`ln{ghl k’ln{rluriplp `lr{ijélp8 !Lnplcodl k| W|éol`$ kl ?557#?55? å ?575#?577)

Foml`{i 7.?.7 Jgirl urfhrlpplr dlp ln{rluriplp nfn `lr{iélp zlrp dg hénérgdipg{ifn

kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip

Inki`g{l|r @iodl _ép|d{g{

Nfcorl l{ uf|r`ln{ghl k’ln{rluriplp nfn`lr{iélp gygn{ rgnài g| cfinp |nl é{gulké{lrcingn{l k| urf`lpp|p kl rgnìpg{ifn

85 , klp ln{rluriplp nfn `lr{iélpinp`ri{lp g| 7lr gzrid kl àgw|l gnnél

<7 ,

?< , kl `lddlp inp`ri{lp g| `f|rp kld’lqlrì`l

;9 ,

8. Nf{fnp w|l dl {g|q kl `lr{ij`g{ifn cgqic|c n’g{{linkrg mgcgip 755 ,$ `gr kl nf|zlddlp ln{rluriplp p’inp`rizln{ àgw|l gnnél åd’Fj`l pgnp uf|r g|{gn{ {lrcinlr dl|r kécgràl kl rgnìpg{ifn g| f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l.

5

?5

;5

:5

15

755

?55?

87$; 8?$18:

15 89$< 15$8 17$:1;$8 10$1 1;$8

Jin kl d’lqlrì`l

U f | r ` l n

{ g h l

?550 ?55; ?55< ?55: ?558 ?551 ?559 ?575 ?577




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL::


@fccln{girlp = Pldfn `l{ foml`{i$ g| cfinp 85 , klp 1971 ln{rluriplp g`{izlp nfn `lr{iélp g|

7lr gzrid ?575 klzgiln{ rgnàir g| cfinp |nl é{gul ké{lrcingn{l k| urf`lpp|p kl rgnìpg{ifn 9.

Ln ?575#?577$ `l pfn{ ud|{û{ ;<0 f| <7 , kl `lp ln{rluriplp w|i é{giln{ kgnp `l{{l pi{|g{ifn. Uf|r dlp

g|{rlp$ dg ng{|rl l{ d’gcudl|r kl dl|rp g`{izi{ép ginpi w|l dg `fcudlqi{é klp clp|rlp `fn{ln|lp kgnp dl|r

urfhrgccl kl rgnìpg{ifn lqudiw|ln{ ln ugr{il dl gi{ w|’lddlp n’giln{ u| rlpul`{lr `l{{l g{{ln{l. Klp

urfhráp fn{ `lulnkgn{ u| í{rl régdipép ugr `lp ln{rluriplp ln{rl kl|q é{gulp kl rgnìpg{ifn.

@l pfn{ ugr giddl|rp 707 f| ;9 , klp ln{rluriplp inp`ri{lp g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l w|i fn{ ré|ppi å g{{linkrl

d’foml`{i g{{lnk| ln `l w|i g {rgi{ å dl|r urf`lpp|p kl rgnìpg{ifn$ pfi{ |n rép|d{g{ nl{{lcln{ p|uéril|r

å dg ìodl.

Foml`{i 7.?.? Zliddlr å `l w|l dlp ln{rluriplp `lr{iélp ln{rl dl 7lr gzrid ?55:75 l{ dl 07 cgrp ?577

cgin{ilnnln{ dg hénérgdipg{ifn kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip


Uf|r`ln{ghl klp rguufr{p {rilnng|q rlè|pg| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l gnnizlrpgirl kl dl|r`lr{i`g{ifn

15 , klp rguufr{p lqihiodlp 1; ,

Uf|r`ln{ghl klp rguufr{p {rilnng|q zgdikép 8< , klp rguufr{p rlè|p g| `f|rp kld’lqlrì`l

<0 ,

Uf|r`ln{ghl klp rguufr{p {rilnng|q zgdikép ?< , klp rguufr{p rlè|p g| `f|rp kld’lqlrì`l uré`ékln{

08 ,

Uf|r ln{ghl k’ln{rluriplp `fnfrclp 85 , klp ln{rluriplp kfn{ dl rguufr{ g é{ézgdiké

8? ,

@fccln{girlp = G| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l ?575#?577$ 7 7:1 rguufr{p {rilnng|q fn{ é{é rlè|p$ `l w|i rluré#

pln{l 1; , kl `l|q w|i é{giln{ ugr giddl|rp lqihiodlp k|rgn{ dg cícl uérifkl. Dg zgdikg{ifn kl {f|p dlp

rguufr{p {rilnng|q rlè|p g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l !N 3 7 07:) n’g {f|{lfip u| í{rl {lrcinél w|l kgnp <0 ,

klp `gp uf|r dlp rguufr{p rlè|p ln `f|rp k’lqlrì`l$ gdfrp w|’lddl g é{é {lrcinél kgnp 08 , klp `gp uf|r

dlp rguufr{p rlè|p dfrp kl d’lqlrì`l uré`ékln{. Dl urf`lpp|p kl zgdikg{ifn gygn{ rézédé klp giddlp w|gn{

å dg hénérgdipg{ifn kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp `lr{ginlp ln{rluriplp$ klp udgnp kl rlkrlpplcln{ pl

pfn{ gzérép né`lppgirlp. Dl|r édgofrg{ifn g kfn` cfoidipé dlp fnpliddlrp l{ `fnpliddárlp ln rgnìpg{ifn.

Å `l{ éhgrk$ dl w|g{riácl rép|d{g{ inp`ri{ g| {godlg| uré`ékln{ inkiw|l w|l ?1 , klp ln{rluriplp kfn{ dl

rguufr{ g é{é zgdiké klzrfn{ ll`{izlcln{ girl d’foml{ kl clp|rlp kl `frrl`{ifn.75

1. G| 7lr gzrid ?575$ d’fn kénfcorgi{ 9;1 ln{rluriplp nfn `lr{ijélp$ cgip <8 k’ln{rl lddlp pfn{ klzln|lp ing`{izlp k|rgn{ d’lqlrì`l.

9. Id p’ghi{ rlpul`{izlcln{ klp é{gulp kl d’gngdypl dinh|ip{iw|l$ kl d’guurfog{ifn kl urfhrgccl$ kl dg urépln{g{ifn k| rguufr{ kl ciplln Ő|zrl$ kl dg urfdfnhg{ifn kl urfhrgccl l{ kl dg lr {ij`g{ifn.

75. _l`{ij`g{ifn kl dg kg{l cgrw|gn{ dl kéo|{ kl dg uérifkl






Lnn$ dlp rép|d{g{p kl `l{ foml`{i$ w|i zipl dl cgin{iln kl dg hénérgdipg{ifn kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip$ pfn{

ufpi{ip$ u|ipw|l 8? , klp ln{rluriplp kfn{ dl rguufr{ {rilnngd g é{é zgdiké pfn{ `fnfrclp$ gdfrp w|l dg

ìodl lp{ kl 85 ,.

Foml`{i 7.?.0 Clnlr klp in{lrzln{ifnp pl`{frilddlp f| å dg pf|r`l ln z|l kl répf|krl hdfogdlcln{

klp urfodáclp kl rgnìpg{ifn


Nfcorl$ ng{|rl l{ foml{ klp in{lrzln{ifnp G| cfinp 75 in{lrzln{ifnp ugr gnnél 75

@fccln{girlp = Uf|r kénf|lr lr{ginlp pi{|g{ifnp fcudlqlp$ d’F`l ll`{|l klp in{lrzln{ifnp kirl`{lp

g|uráp k’ln{rluriplp é{godilp df`gdlcln{ f| å d’lq{éril|r k| W|éol`. Id `fcu{l ginpi inj|lr p|r klp kéì#

kl|rp å dg {í{l kl réplg|q$ p|r klp gori`gn{p é{rgnhlrp l{ p|r klp f|rnippl|rp w|i$ k’|nl gèfn f| k’|nl

g|{rl$ ké{lrcinln{ dl àfiq kl dg dgnh|l kl cipl ln cgràé kl dl|rp urfk|i{p l{ plrzi`lp zlnk|p g|

W|éol`. Ln fu{gn{ uf|r kl {lddlp p{rg{éhilp$ d’F`l pf|agi{l g|ppi ézi{lr kl c|d{iudlp kécgràlp df`gdlp

réué{i{izlp zipgn{ |n cícl foml{ f| |nl cícl `g{éhfril k’foml{p. Id {ln{l kfn` ud|{û{ k’ln grrizlr å klp

rép|d{g{p w|i {f|àln{ |n ud|p zgp{l lnplcodl kl cidil|q k’ggirlp l{ kl {rgzgid diép å |n cícl pl`{l|r

k’g`{izi{é. @l{{l gnnél$ piq in{lrzln{ifnp pl`{frilddlp l{ w|g{rl in{lrzln{ifnp å dg pf|r`l fn{ é{é régdipélp.

In{lrln{ifnp pl`{frilddlp

  D’gérfng|{iw|l l{ d’gérfpug{igdl !urfhrlppifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp dlp ln{rluriplp kl `lpl`{l|r)2

  Dlp {édé`fcc|ni`g{ifnp !urfhrlppifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp dlp ln{rluriplp kl `l pl`{l|r)2

  Dlp {édé`fcc|ni`g{ifnp !ézgd|g{ifn {lànfdinh|ip{iw|l klp {édéuafnlp in{lddihln{p l{ in{lrzln{ifng|uráp klp f|rnippl|rp cgml|rp k| W|éol` uf|r gpp|rlr dg `fnfrci{é kl `lp guugrlidp)2

  D’g|{fcfoidl !rgnìpg{ifn klp agoi{g`dlp)2

  Dl inécg !rgnìpg{ifn kl d’giàghl urfcf{ifnnld)2

  Dl {rgnpufr{ lrrfzigirl !u|odi`g{ifn k’|n zf`go|dgirl klp àlcinp kl lr).

In{lrln{ifnp å dg pf|r`l

  D’g|{fcfoidl !rgnìpg{ifn k| pyp{ácl kl ngzihg{ifn å rl`fnngippgn`l zf`gdl)2

  D’g|{fcfoidl !rgnìpg{ifn klp cgn|ldp kl réugrg{ifn klp{inép g|q cé`gniìlnp)2

  Dlp guugrlidp édl`{rfcénghlrp !rgnìpg{ifn klp inp`riu{ifnp p|r klp f|rp å ci`rf#fnklp)2

  Dl cg{érild ghri`fdl !rgnìpg{ifn kl urfk|i{p).




FJJI@L W\ÉOÉ@FIP KL DG DGNH\L J_GNÈGIPL:1


Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.0 Dg rgnìpg{ifn kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn

@fn{lq{l = D’F`l g g|ppi dg rlpufnpgoidi{é kl girl ln pfr{l w|’g| plin kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn d’|pghl k|

rgnègip pfi{ `fnfrcl g|q lqihln`lp kl dg @agr{l. Dlp urf`ék|rlp gkcinip{rg{izlp rl{ln|lp å `l{{l n

rlpplcodln{ ugppgodlcln{ å `lddlp p|izilp kgnp d’ln{rluripl urizél. Lddlp pfn{ {f|{lfip cfinp édgofrélp$

u|ipw|l dg dgnh|l kl {rgzgid y lp{ kémå dl rgnègip$ k| cfinp ln l w|i g {rgi{ g|q cinip{árlp$ g|q frhgnipclp

hf|zlrnlcln{g|q$ c|niìug|q l{ p`fdgirlp$ l{ g|q é{godipplcln{p kl pgn{é l{ kl plrzi`lp pfìg|q.

Å dg n kl d’gnnél ngnìárl$ d’fn `fcu{gi{ ? <9; frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn$ kfn{ 18$7 , é{giln{

`lr{iép$ 77 , ln ézgd|g{ifn l{ 7$9 , ln guudi`g{ifn kl urfhrgccl kl rgnìpg{ifn.

[godlg| 77

UF\_@LN[GHL K’F_HGNIPCLP KL D’GKCINIP[_G[IFNPLDFN DLP É[GULP KL @L_[IJI@G[IFN

!Lnplcodl k| W|éol`$ kl ?55:#?558 å ?575#?577)

Lqlrì`l-

Frhgnipclpln ézgd|g{ifn

!,)

Frhgnipclp lnguudi`g{ifn kl

urfhrgccl!,)

Frhgnipclp `lr{ijép!,) [f{gd

?55:#?558 1$8 7$: 19$8 ? 071

?558#?551 75$1 7$1 18$; ? ;?7

?551#?559 77$8 7$9 1:$; ? <?0

?559#?57577 7?$0 7$1 1<$9 ? :5<

?575#?577 77$5 7$9 18$7 ? <9;

- Dl 07 cgrp kl d’lqlrì`l

77. Klu|ip d’gkfu{ifn k| nf|zlg| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l$ dg fcu{goidipg{ifn klp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn inp`ri{p å d’Fj`l {iln{ fcu{l$ln{rl g|{rlp$ klp grrfnkipplcln{p w|i pfn{ rg{{gàép å |n frhgnipcl c|niìugd$ l{ `l$ `fccl dl urézfi{ d’gnnlql kl dg @agr{l kl dgdgnh|l rgnègipl !G$ 0o). Ln ?575#?577$ d’fn kénfcorgi{ ;< frhgnipclp ki{p ¢ å cg{ri`|dl dl{{ré ²$ kfn{ ;0 grrfnkipplcln{p.






Foml`{i 7.0.7 Jgirl urfhrlpplr dlp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn zlrp dg hénérgdipg{ifn

kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip


Uf|r`ln{ghl k’frhgnipclp lr{iép K’i i g| 07 cgrp ?57;$ 05 , kl l|qinp`ri{p g| 7lr gzrid ?559

?7 ,

@fccln{girlp = G| 7lr gzrid ?559$ 081 frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn inp`ri{p å d’F`l n’é{giln{ ugp

`lr{iép. Uf|r g{{linkrl dg ìodl zipél$ 770 ugrci l|q klzrfn{ pl zfir kédizrlr |n `lr{i`g{ kl `fnfrci{é

å dg @agr{l k’iì g| 07 cgrp ?57;. Klu|ip ?559#?575$ 15 frhgnipclp fn{ fo{ln| |n `lr{i`g{$ `l w|i

rlurépln{l$ ln kl|q gnp pl|dlcln{$ 87 , k| rép|d{g{ w|inw|lnngd.

[godlg| 7?

NFCO_L K’F_HGNIPCLP KL D’GKCINIP[_G[IFN NFN @L_[IJIÉPW\I FN[ FO[LN\ \N @L_[IJI@G[ KL @FNJF_CI[É G\ @F\_P KL D’LQL_@I@L

!Lnplcodl k| W|éol`$ 07 cgrp ?577)

[f|p dlp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn

Frhgnipclpnfn `lr{ijépg| 7lr gzrid?559 !N)

@iodl g|07 cgrp

?57;!N)

Frhgnipclp `lr{ijép ln{rl dl7lr gzrid ?559 l{ dl 07 cgrp ?577 !N)

?559#?575 ?575#?577 [f{gd

Cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp hf|zlrnlcln{g|q 08 5 7 7

Frhgnipclp c|niìug|q 79? ;: ?0 :9

Frhgnipclp kl pgn{é l{ kl plrzi`lp pfìg|q 77< ? 0 <

Frghnipclp p`fdgirlp 0; 0 ? <

[F[GD 081 770 <7 ?9 15






Foml`{i 7.0.? Zliddlr å d’g`{|gdipg{ifn k| `fn{ln| kl d’in{rgnl{ dinh|ip{iw|l

kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn7?


Nfcorl kl ré|nifnp {ln|lp ugr dlp `fci{épfrcép å `l{{l n

G| cfinp 0 ré|nifnp ugr gnnél 7

Uf|r`ln{ghl kl rézipifn régdipé ?< , k| fn{ln| 5

Dip{l klp gcédifrg{ifnp ll`{|élp P. F. P. F.

@fccln{girlp = Ln dihnl klu|ip nfzlcorl ?557$ d’in{rgnl{ dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn g é{é `réé

ln urlngn{ ln `fnpikérg{ifn dl ufin{ ; kl dg Ufdi{iw|l hf|zlrnlcln{gdl rldg{izl å d’lcudfi l{ å dg w|gdi{ékl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kgnp d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn !799:)$ w|i urézfi{ w|l ¢ d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn g``frkl |nl g{{ln#

{ifn `fnp{gn{l å dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl. Lddl zfi{ å urfcf|zfir |n rgnègip kl w|gdi{é kgnp dlp

`fcc|ni`g{ifnp kl {f|p frkrlp. Lddl zliddl nf{gccln{ å |{idiplr dlp {lrclp l{ lqurlppifnp nfrcgdipép ugr

d’F`l R…S ². D’in{rgnl{ réufnkgi{ gdfrp å |n olpfin lquricé ugr dlp clcorlp klp `fci{ép ulrcgnln{p

àgrhép kl d’édgofrg{ifn l{ kl d’guudi`g{ifn k’|nl ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l kgnp dlp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp.

Ln ?575#?577$ d’F`l g `fnp|d{é dlp cgnkg{girlp klp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp uf|r zérilr dg ulr{inln`l

kl cgin{lnir d’in{rgnl{ dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn$ u|ipw|l dg cgml|rl ugr{il kl pfn `fn{ln|$ pfi{

klp f|{idp {lrcinfdinh|ip{iw|lp ginpi w|l d’infrcg{ifn rldg{izl å d’guudi`g{ifn kl dg @agr{l l{ dlp ufdi{iw|lp

hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp å inìkln`l dinh|ip{iw|l$ pl {rf|zl kémå kgnp dl pi{l Xlo kl d’F`l. @fcu{l {ln| kl

`lp rép|d{g{p$ d’in{rgnl{ dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn plrg rl{iré kl d’in{rgnl{ hf|zlrnlcln{gd g| `f|rp

k| urfàgin lqlrì`l ngnìlr.

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 7.; Dl rlpul`{ kl dg @agr{l

@fn{lq{l = D’F`l zliddl g| rlpul`{ kl dg @agr{l w|i gi{ k| rgnègip dg dgnh|l klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp$ k|

{rgzgid$ k| `fcclr`l l{ klp ggirlp g| W|éol`$ l{ {rgi{l å `l{ éhgrk dlp udgin{lp kéufpélp ugr dl u|odi`

uf|r nfn#rlpul`{ kl dg dfi.

Foml`{i 7.;.7 P’gpp|rlr w|l dg k|rél cfylnnl kl {rgi{lcln{ klp kfppilrp kl udgin{lp rlpul`{l

|n kédgi rgipfnngodl {f|{ ln é{godippgn{ klp urifri{ép k’g`{ifn kgnp dl|r p|izi


K|rél cfylnnl kl {rgi{lcln{ klp kfppilrplrcép k|rgn{ d’lqlrì`l l{ n’gygn{ ugp é{ép|pulnk|p

Cgqic|c kl 7? cfip 1$7 cfip

Nfcorl kl urifri{ép G| cfinp ? ugr gnnél ?

7?. Guulddg{ifn fjìlddl kl l{ in{rgnl{






@fccln{girlp = G| f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l$ d’F`l g lrcé ? 15: kfppilrp kl udgin{lp kfn{ dg k|rél cfylnnl

kl {rgi{lcln{ g é{é kl 1$7 cfip$ `l w|i rlurépln{l |nl gcédifrg{ifn `fnp{gn{l ugr rguufr{ g|q gnnélp

uré`ékln{lp. Ugrci `lp kfppilrp$ 7 ;18$ pfi{ <0 ,$ fn{ é{é {rgi{ép ln cfinp kl : cfip2 805$ pfi{ ?: ,$

ln{rl : l{ 7? cfip2 l{ <19$ pfi{ ?7 ,$ ln ud|p kl 7? cfip. Dl {rgi{lcln{ k’|nl udgin{l lp{ |n urf`lpp|p

frcld k’lnw|í{l. Ln ?575#?577$ 80 , kl `lp kfppilrp fn{ é{é lrcép gzl` |nl `frrl`{ifn fo{ln|l m|hél

`fnfrcl å dg @agr{l å dg p|i{l kl d’in{lrzln{ifn kl d’F`l.

K|rél cfylnnl kl {rgi{lcln{ klp kfppilrp lrcép l{ n’gygn{ ugp é{é p|pulnk|p

?551#?559 ?559#?575 ?575#?577

Nfcorl cfyln kl cfip rlw|ip uf|r dl {rgi{lcln{k’|n kfppilr 77$; 1$; 1$7

@l{{l rék|`{ifn p’lqudiw|l ugr =

  d’foml{ klp udgin{lp rlè|lp. Ln ?575#?577$ ;:$< , kl `lddlp#ì ufr{giln{ p|r d’giàghl f| `lr{ginpkf`|cln{p `fcclrìg|q `fccl klp rlè|p l{ klp g`{|rlp. Fr$ `l {yul kl kérfhg{ifnp ul|{ í{rl`frrihé ud|p rguiklcln{ w|l dlp kérfhg{ifnp w|i `fn`lrnln{$ ugr lqlcudl$ |n pi{l Xlo f| dlp inp`riu#{ifnp ih|rgn{ p|r |n urfk|i{2

  d’gcédifrg{ifn `fn{in|l klp urf`lpp|p kl {rgzgid ln zih|l|r2

  d’guudi`g{ifn k’|n urf`lpp|p g``édéré kl {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp rldg{izlp g|q kl|q urifri{ép k’g`{ifnrl{ln|lp `fnfrcécln{ g| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l.

Ln {lngn{ `fcu{l k| nfcorl kl udgin{lp rlè|lp ugr foml{$ d’F`l g ln ll{ rl{ln| kl|q urifri{ép k’g`{ifn

kgnp dl|r p|izi.

Ginpi$ dlp kfppilrp p|r d’gàghl l{ p|r dlp plrzi`lp kl pgn{é l{ kl plrzi`lp pfìg|q fn{ gi{ d’foml{ k’|n

{rgi{lcln{ g``édéré å àg`|nl klp é{gulp k| urf`lpp|p$ pfi{ dg ré`lu{ifn l{ d’gngdypl kl dg udgin{l$

d’f|zlr{|rl k| kfppilr$ d’inpul`{ifn ginpi w|l dl {rgi{lcln{ zipgn{ d’fo{ln{ifn k’|nl `frrl`{ifn.






Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ?@r { fjr ’fr p{$ {rcff

{ {ffyc

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.7 Dg {lrcinfdfhil kl dgnh|l rgnègipl

@fn{lq{l = D’F`l kfi{ kénir l{ fnk|irl dg ufdi{iw|l w|éoé`fipl ln cg{iárl k’fìgdipg{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l l{

kl {lrcinfdfhil. Gn kl p’g`w|i{{lr kl `l cgnkg{$ id urfk|i{ d|i#cícl f| rl`|liddl$ g|uráp kl ugr{lngirlp$

klp kfnnélp {lrcinfdfhiw|lp w|i pfn{ né`lppgirlp å dg rgnìpg{ifn klp cidil|q kl {rgzgid k| W|éol`$

l{ w|i plrzln{ éhgdlcln{ å d’lnplcodl kl dg ufu|dg{ifn w|éoé`fipl ginpi w|’g| rlp{l kl dg rgn`fuafnil.

@lp kfnnélp pfn{ ki|pélp hrg{|i{lcln{ kgnp Dl hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l !HK[).

Foml`{i ?.7.7 Lnriàir dg {lrcinfdfhil ln urizidéhign{ dlp kfcginlp klp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn

l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp$ k| kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl$ klp pìln`lp l{ kl dg pgn{é


Nfcorl kl nf|zlg|q {lrclp réép 7? {lrclp ugr gnnél 10

Nfcorl kl nf|zlg|q {lrclp réulr{friép 0 <55 {lrclp ugr gnnél ? 1?9

@fccln{girlp = D’gnnél ?575#?577 g é{é cgrw|él ugr k’icufr{gn{p {rgzg|q kl réjlqifn ln z|l k’gpp|rlr

dg rl`fnh|rg{ifn klp kfnnélp w|i plrfn{ ki|pélp kgnp dlp àlp {lrcinfdfhiw|lp dfrp kl dg cipl ln

dihnl k| nf|zlg| cfk|dl kl ki|pifn c|d{idinh|l k| HK[. Kgnp `l `fn{lq{l$ dl nfcorl kl nf|zlg|q

{lrclp réulr{friép lp{ déhárlcln{ ln klèå kl d’foml`{i qé.

Ugr giddl|rp$ g| àgui{rl kl dg `rég{ifn kl nf|zlg|q {lrclp å d’F`l$ d’foml`{i g ln`frl é{é dgrhlcln{

kéugppé `l{{l gnnél$ `gr dlp kfcginlp kgnp dlpw|ldp p’ll`{|ln{ nfp {rgzg|q fipfnnln{ kl nf|zlg|q

`fn`lu{p å nfcclr$ pfi{ dlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp$ dl kézldfuulcln{

k|rgodl$ dlp pìln`lp l{ dg pgn{é$ cgip éhgdlcln{ k’g|{rlp pl`{l|rp$ nf{gccln{ `l|q klp pufr{p$ kl

d’gdicln{g{ifn$ k| krfi{ l{ kl dg `rég{ifn k’ln{rluripl.






Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.? Dlp f|{idp k’gikl å dg cgî{ripl k| rgnègip

@fn{lq{l = Dlp {rfip urfk|i{p zlkl{{lp k’gikl å dg cgî{ripl k| rgnègip kl d’F`l pfn{ Dl hrgnk ki`{ifn#

ngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l !HK[)$ dg Ognw|l kl kéugnnghl dinh|ip{iw|l !OKD) l{ Dl rgnègip g| o|rlg| !JGO).

Gn kl {lnir `fcu{l kl dg kizlrpi{é dinh|ip{iw|l l{ `|d{|rlddl w|i `grg`{éripl kl ud|p ln ud|p dl W|éol`$

d’F`l urézfi{ rlnkrl dl HK[ c|d{idinh|l k’iì g| 07 cgrp ?57?. Uf|r `l girl$ id y in{éhrlrg nf{gccln{

klp kfnnélp {lrcinfdfhiw|lp urfzlngn{ kl plp ugr{lngirlp !ln{rluriplp urizélp$ |nizlrpi{ép$ frhgnipclp

hf|zlrnlcln{g|q é{rgnhlrp l{ frhgnipclp in{lrng{ifng|q).

Foml`{i ?.?.7 _lnkrl c|d{idinh|l Dl hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l !HK[)$ ln kfnngn{

dg urifri{é$ f|{rl g| rgnègip$ g|q g|{rlp dgnh|lp dlp ud|p ugrdélp g| W|éol`


Nfcorl kl {lrclp in{éhrép pldfndg dgnh|l

P. F. ? ;8; {lrclp gnhdgip

05 guulddg{ifnp pìln{iw|lp ln dg{in

@fccln{girlp = G| `f|rp kl d’gnnél$ dlp lfr{p pl pfn{ uf|rp|izip ln z|l kl p{f`blr klp kfnnélp kgnp

k’g|{rlp dgnh|lp w|l dl rgnègip. @’lp{ ginpi w|l dl HK[ p’lp{ lnriài kl ? ;8; {lrclp ln gnhdgip l{ kl

05 guulddg{ifnp pìln{iw|lp ln dg{in. Kl ud|p$ ? ?0? {lrclp ln lpughnfd$ ;0< ln ufr{|hgip$ ;01 ln i{gdiln

l{ 7 7<? kgnp kizlrplp g|{rlp dgnh|lp dg{inlp !`g{gdgn$ hgdiìln l{ rf|cgin) pfn{ zln|p lnriàir dg ogpl

kl kfnnélp c|d{idinh|lp$ w|i `fcu{l cgin{lngn{$ kgnp `lp : dgnh|lp$ 79 :18 {lrclp w|i uf|rrfn{ í{rl

`fnp|d{ép káp dg cipl ln dihnl k| nf|zlg| pyp{ácl kl ki|pifn.

Foml`{i ?.?.? _l`fnh|rlr d’grài{l`{|rl infrcg{iw|l klp f|{idp k’gikl å dg cgî{ripl

k| rgnègip gn kl dlp rlnkrl in{lrfuérgodlp


F|{idp rl`fnh|rép ln urifr i{é Dg Ognw|l kl kéugnnghl dinh|ip{iw|ll{ Dl rgnègip g| o|rlg|

[rgzg|q ln `f|rp

Kéuû{ k| gdlnkrilr klp {rgzg|q 07 cgrp ?575 Kéuû{ rlufr{é

@fccln{girlp = @l{{l gnnél$ dg urifri{é g é{é g``frkél å d’édgofrg{ifn k| HK[ c|d{idinh|l l{ å dg cipl ln

udg`l kl d’inrgp{r|`{|rl k’in{lrfuérgoidi{é ln{rl dlp kizlrp f|{idp {lrcinfdinh|ip{iw|lp. Káp dfrp$ id lp{ guugr|

né`lppgirl kl cil|q gngdyplr d’gcudl|r klp {rgzg|q å ll`{|lr gn k’é{godir |nl udgni`g{ifn ké{giddél l{régdip{l. D’in{lrfuérgoidi{é klp f|{idp lp{ |nl gzln|l in`fn{f|rngodl$ {gn{ uf|r d’|pghlr$ w|i {rf|zlrg ud|p

gìdlcln{ l{ ud|p rguiklcln{ dg réufnpl å plp w|lp{ifnp {lrcinfdinh|ip{iw|lp$ w|l uf|r d’F`l$ w|i

uf|rrg ginpi p’gpp|rlr kl dg `faérln`l kl plp kfnnélp l{ ln girl klp ciplp å mf|r ud|p réw|ln{lp. \n

`gdlnkrilr klp {rgzg|q plrg kfn` kéufpé g| `f|rp kl dg urfàginl gnnél.

Ln l w|i fn`lrnl Dl Jrgnègip g| o|rlg|$ kl `fn`lr{ gzl` Dlp U|odi`g{ifnp k| W|éol`$ d’F`l g kéìké

kl nl ugp infrcg{iplr `l{ f|zrghl$ cgip ud|{û{ kl zlrplr pfn `fn{ln| kgnp dg OKD.






Foml`{i ?.?.0 @rélr l{ cgin{lnir klp ugr{lngrig{p g| W|éol` l{ å d’lq{éril|r k| W|éol`

gn k’lnriàir dlp f|{idp {lrcinfdinh|ip{iw|lp


Nfcorl kl ugr{lngrig{p `réép f|cgin{ln|p

G| cfinp 7? ugr{lngrig{p k’iì g|07 cgrp ?57;

? `réép l{ ; cgin{ln|p

Dip{l klp ugr{lngrig{p `réép f|cgin{ln|p

P. F. @réép = JCI l{ I\DG

Cgin{ln|p = ONW$ @ln{rl kl{lrcinfdfhil kl [lrc`g{$ KHDJDJl{ FIJ

@fccln{girlp = G| `f|rp kl d’gnnél ?575#?577$ d’F`l g cgin{ln|$ kgnp dl `gkrl kl w|g{rl ln{ln{lp

hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp$ plp dilnp gzl` kiérln{p ugr{lngirlp g|q np$ nf{gccln{$ kl d’lnriàipplcln{ kl

plp urinìug|q f|{idp {lrcinfdfhiw|lp !dl HK[ l{ INZLN[L_C). Id p’ghi{ rlpul`{izlcln{$ g| W|éol`$ k|

O|rlg| kl nfrcgdipg{ifn k| W|éol` !ONW) l{$ å d’é{rgnhlr$ k| @ln{rl kl {lrcinfdfhil kl [lrc`g{$ kl dg

Kédéhg{ifn hénérgdl å dg dgnh|l rgnègipl l{ g|q dgnh|lp kl Jrgn`l !KHDJDJ) l{ kl d’Frhgnipg{ifn in{lr#

ng{ifngdl kl dg Jrgn`fuafnil !FIJ).

D’F`l g ugr giddl|rp `fn`d| kl|q nf|zlddlp ln{ln{lp = |nl gzl` dl Jfnkp cfné{girl in{lrng{ifngd !JCI) l{

|nl gzl` d’Inp{i{|{ |nizlrpi{girl kl dinh|ip{iw|l guudiw|él !I\DG)$ å Ogr`ldfnl.

Ln f|{rl$ d’F`l g ln{rl{ln| klp dilnp gzl` k’g|{rlp ugr{lngirlp inp{i{|{ifnnldp å d’é{rgnhlr$ å pgzfir

d’\nifn dg{inl l{ dl _éplg| ugndg{in kl {lrcinfdfhil !_lgdi{lr). @lp `fddgofrg{ifnp gìdi{ln{$ ln{rl g|{rlp$d’g``áp å klp é{godipplcln{p |nizlrpi{girlp w|i p’gppfìln{ ginpi å klp urfml{p kl {lrcinfdfhil w|l d’F`l

`ffrkfnnl.

Pgil}#f|p w|l…

D’F`l g {ln| ?:; pégn`lp k’lqgcln g|qw|lddlppl pfn{ urépln{ép 7¥807¥clcorlp klp frkrlpurflppifnnldp gjn k’fo{lnir dl|r ulrcipulrcgnln{ k’lqlr`lr.






Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l 0kf`c{r p `fpp`p pr p{{f p{

{ pr p p{fp {f`{ rèp w`

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 0.7 Dl p|izi kl d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l g| W|éol`

@fn{lq{l = Ginpi w|l dl urézfi{ d’gr{i`dl 7:5 kl dg @agr{l$ d’F`l p|rzliddl d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn

dinh|ip{iw|l g| W|éol` l{ ln gi{ rguufr{ g| cfinp {f|p dlp ìnw gnp g| cinip{rl$ nf{gccln{ ln `l w|i g

{rgi{ å d’|pghl l{ g| p{g{|{ kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ ginpi w|’g|q `fcufr{lcln{p l{ g{{i{|klp klp kiérln{p

hrf|ulp dinh|ip{iw|lp.

Foml`{i 0.7.7 _lcl{{rl g| cinip{rl rlpufnpgodl |n rguufr{ p|r d’ézfd|{ifn

kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl


Kéuû{ k| udgn kl {rgzgid 07 cgrp ?575 Kéuû{ ln ézrilr ?575

@fccln{girlp = Dg urfhrgccg{ifn rldg{izl g| p|izi kl d’ézfd|{ifn kl dg pi{|g{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl$

{lddl w|’gkfu{él ugr dlp clcorlp kl d’F`l$ g é{é rlnk|l u|odiw|l ln ézrilr ?575.

Klu|ip$ f|{rl d’gàg{ kl kfnnélp kl rl`lnplcln{$ kiérln{p {rgzg|q kl `fddl`{l kl kfnnélp l{ k’gngdypl

fn{ é{é gcfr`ép$ l{ `l$ ud|p ugr{i`|diárlcln{ p|r dg pi{|g{ifn kécfdinh|ip{iw|l k| W|éol` l{ p|r dg dgnh|l

k| `fcclr`l l{ klp ggirlp.

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn 0.? D’lqulr{ipl ln cg{iárl k’gcénghlcln{ dinh|ip{iw|l

@fn{lq{l = Klu|ip ìnw|gn{l gnp$ d’F`l g kézldfuué |nl lqulr{ipl rl`fnn|l$ l{ pf|zln{ pfddiì{él$ ln

cg{iárl k’gcénghlcln{ dinh|ip{iw|l. Kgnp `l `fn{lq{l l{ gn kl pf|{lnir pfn g`{ifn$ id ln{rl{iln{ klp

dilnp$ uf|r `lr{ginp klu|ip ud|pil|rp gnnélp$ gzl` klp ugr{lngirlp `gngkilnp l{ in{lrng{ifng|q.

Foml`{i 0.?.? Cgin{lnir l{ kézldfuulr dlp `fnngippgn`lp ln cg{iárl k’gcénghlcln{ dinh|ip{iw|l


Nfcorl l{ foml{ klp ugr{lngrig{p

cgin{ln|p f| é{godip

P. F. ? cgin{ln|p = ffuérg{ifn gzl`

[lrc`g{ l{ dg KHDJDJNfcorl l{ foml{ klp é{|klp régdipélp P. F. P. F.

@fccln{girl = Ln ?575#?577$ |nl {lrcinfdfh|l g ll`{|é |n p{ghl kl kl|q plcginlp g| @ln{rl kl

{lrcinfdfhil [lrc`g{. @l p{ghl ufr{gi{ p|r dlp w|lp{ifnp cé{afkfdfhiw|lp rldg{izlp g| {rgi{lcln{ l{ å dg

ki|pifn kl dg néfdfhil {lrcinfdfhiw|l.






Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ;C{{r zr f{ p{ `fp

{ `rr z{{ rèp

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.7 Dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl

@fn{lq{l = Dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl lp{ dl r|i{ k’|n dfnh urf`lpp|p gcfr`é$ id y g |nl w|grgn#

{ginl k’gnnélp$ uf|r urf{éhlr l{ urfcf|zfir dg dgnh|l rgnègipl p|r dl {lrri{firl k| W|éol`. Lddl zipl å

`l w|l dl rgnègip pfi{ dg dgnh|l u|odiw|l klp W|éoé`fip l{ klp W|éoé`fiplp kl {f|{lp dgnh|lp l{ kl

{f|{lp frihinlp.

Foml`{i ;.7.7 Cil|q girl `fnngî{rl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l g| W|éol` l{ å d’lq{éril|r k| W|éol`


Nfcorl kl rln`fn{rlp l{ kl`fnérln`lp

P. F. 7? rln`fn{rlp l{ ? fnérln`lp

@fccln{girlp = Klp clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld l{ klp hlp{ifnngirlp fn{ ugr{iìué å kf|}l rln`fn{rlp l{ fn{

urfnfn`é kl|q `fnérln`lp gn kl cil|q girl `fnngî{rl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl.

_ln`fn{rlp

  _é|nifn l{ mf|rnél pìln{iiw|l k| réplg| _lgdi{lr !Jfrdi)2

  Kl|qiácl l{ {rfipiácl ré|nifnp k| hrf|ul kl {rgzgid klp [rfip lpug`lp dinh|ip{iw|lp !rgnègip$ lpughnfd$ufr{|hgip) p|r dg ki|pifn klp rlppf|r`lp {lrcinfdfhiw|lp !Ugrip)2

  _ln`fn{rlp gzl` klp ugr{lngirlp l{ klp `fn{rio|{l|rp ln {lrcinfdfhil k| Hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinf# dfhiw|l !Ugrip$ Jfrdi l{ Dipofnnl2 Nl|àï{ld$ Hlnázl l{ Olrnl)2

  @fddfw|l k| Hrf|ul kl dinh|ip{iw|l guudiw|él klp {édé`fcc|ni`g{ifnp !HDG[) ?575 = ¢ Dl c|d{i`|d{|#rgdipcl l{ dl rûdl klp dgnh|lp puéìgdipélp ² !Dipofnnl)2

  Mf|rnélp k’é{|kl kl dg @fnékérg{ifn hénérgdl k| {rgzgid !@H[) p|r dl ufr{gid dgnh|lk|{rgzgid.frh !Ugrip)2

  _ln`fn{rl gnn|lddl klp frhgnipclp kl hlp{ifn dinh|ip{iw|l !_éplg| FUGDL) !Nl|àï{ld)2

  @fddfw|l in{lrng{ifngd ¢ Dgnh|l l{ `faépifn pfìgdl ² {ln| ln cgrhl kl dg ré|nifn k| réplg| FUGDL!Nl|àï{ld)2

  P{ghl p|r dlp w|lp{ifnp cé{afkfdfhiw|lp rldg{izlp g| {rgi{lcln{ l{ å dg ki|pifn kl dg néfdfhil{lrcinfdfhiw|l !Ogr`ldfnl)2

  Ugr{iìug{ifn g| {f|rnghl k’|n rlufr{ghl kl d’écippifn Lpug`l rgn`fuafnl p|r dlp lfr{p kl rgnìpg{ifngi{p g| W|éol` kgnp dl pl`{l|r kl d’gérfng|{iw|l !Cfn{régd)2

  G``|lid kl C. Qgzilr Nfr{a$ kédéh|é hénérgd å dg dgnh|l rgnègipl l{ g|q dgnh|lp kl Jrgn`l !Cfn{régd)2

  G``|lid kl C. Gdlqgnkrl Xfd$ rlpufnpgodl kl d’Foplrzg{firl kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kl d’Frhgnipg{ifnin{lrng{ifngdl kl dg Jrgn`fuafnil !Cfn{régd).

http://www.languedutravail.org/

http://www.languedutravail.org/






@fnérln`lp

  Urépln{g{ifn$ å dg QIl Gpplcodél hénérgdl kl _lgdi{lr$ kl d’frl k’|n f|{id [lrcOgpl C|d{i{rgnp !Jfrdi)2

  Urépln{g{ifn k| cfkádl w|éoé`fip kl rgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp dfrp k| p{ghl p|r dg dgnh|l k| {rgzgidfrhgnipé ugr dg @H[ !@f|r`lddl).


@fn{lq{l = Å d’f``gpifn kl cgnilp{g{ifnp ugr{i`|diárlp {lddlp w|l dg Jrgn`fí{l l{ kiérln{p pgdfnp l{

`fnhráp$ d’F`l p’lcudfil å pf|dihnlr dg zi{gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ ginpi w|l `lr{ginlp ini{ig{izlp kl

dg ufu|dg{ifn w|i `fn{rio|ln{ kl gèfn nf{godl å dg w|gdi{é l{ g| rgyfnnlcln{ k| rgnègip.

Foml`{i ;.?.7 Urfcf|zfir l{ zgdfriplr dg zil ln rgnègip kgnp d’lpug`l u|odi`


Dip{l k’g`{izi{ép f| kl u|odi`g{ifnprégdipélp f| pf|{ln|lp

P. F. Jrgn`fí{lPgdfnp l{ `fnhráp

_éicurlppifn kl kéudign{p

@fccln{girlp = Dg w|in}iácl Jrgn`fí{l$ w|i p’lp{ kérf|dél k| ; g| ?8 cgrp ?577$ gzgi{ uf|r ufr{l#

ugrfdl d’g|{l|rl#`fcufpi{ri`l#in{lrurá{l l{ `fcékilnnl P{éuagnil Dgufin{l$ l{ uf|r Jrgn`fziddl$ Dézip.

@’lp{ dl {aácl kl dg pfdikgri{é w|l dg Jrgn`l$ dg @fcc|ng|{é rgnègipl kl Oldhiw|l$ dg P|ippl rfcgnkl$

d’Frhgnipg{ifn in{lrng{ifngdl kl dg Jrgn`fuafnil l{ dl W|éol` fn{ rl{ln| uf|r lquriclr dl kyngcipcl$

dg riàlppl l{ dg kizlrpi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl. Uf|r cl{{rl ln zlkl{{l `l {aácl$ àgw|l ugr{lngirlg urfufpé kl|q cf{p$ cgip {f|p fn{ gkfu{é gzl` ln{af|pigpcl d’lnplcodl klp kiq cf{p = g``|liddgn{$

ghgulp$ gzl`$ àŐ|r$ `fcudi`l$ `frkél$ jd$ cgin$ agrcfnil|plcln{ l{ réplg|{lr. G| W|éol`$ `’lp{

dl pdfhgn ¢ Dl rgnègip$ uf|r ghir lnplcodl ² w|i g é{é rl{ln|.

@l{{l gnnél ln`frl$ |n hrgnk nfcorl k’ln{rluriplp$ kl cinip{árlp l{ k’frhgnipclp fn{ réi{éré dl|r in{érí{

å urfcf|zfir d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip g|uráp kl dl|r ulrpfnnld. Ugr giddl|rp$ ln plnpioidipgn{ klp u|odi`p

g|ppi nfcorl|q w|l kizlrpiép g|q w|g{rl `finp k| W|éol`$ dlp ugr{lngirlp kl dg Jrgn`fí{l fn{ uf|r dl|r

ugr{ {écfihné kl dl|r lrcl lnhghlcln{ å `fn{rio|lr g| rgyfnnlcln{ k| rgnègip kgnp d’lpug`l u|odi`.

D’F`l g éhgdlcln{ urépln{é plp urfk|i{p l{ plrzi`lp dfrp kl {rfip pgdfnp !Pgdfn klp [I@$ Pgdfn klp

ugr{lngirlp l{ Pgdfn kl d’ék|`g{ifn) l{ kl piq `fnhráp !In{lr`g$ @fnhráp kl d’Gppfìg{ifn w|éoé`fipl

klp urflppl|rp kl rgnègip$ @fnhráp kl d’Frkrl klp {rgk|`{l|rp$ {lrcinfdfh|lp l{ in{lrurá{lp ghréép k|W|éol`$ @fnhráp kl d’Frkrl klp inrciárlp l{ inrcilrp k| W|éol`$ @fddfw|l k| _éplg| |nizlrpi{girl

klp plrzi`lp k’gikl ln rgnègip l{ Hrgnk _lnkl}#zf|p pgn{é l{ pé`|ri{é k| {rgzgid). Lnn$ 71 kéudign{p

fn{ é{é réicuricép gn k’gpp|rlr |nl cliddl|rl `fcuréalnpifn kl dg @agr{l.






Foml`{i ;.?.? Pf|dihnlr$ ln ?577$ dlp <5 gnp k’lqip{ln`l kl d’F`l


Kéuû{ k| urfhrgccl klp g`{izi{ép 07 ké`lcorl ?575 Kéuû{ ln mgnzilr ?577

@fccln{girlp = D’F`l `édéorlrg pfn <5l gnnizlrpgirl k’lqip{ln`l g| `f|rp k| urfàgin lqlrì`l. Dl

7lr gzrid 79:7$ å d’inp{ihg{ifn kl Hlfrhlp#Écidl Dgugdcl$ pfn{ `réép dl cinip{árl klp Ggirlp `|d{|rlddlp l{

d’F`l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl. Dl ?: gfò{ 7988$ dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl !urfml{ kl dfi 757) ln{rl

ln zih|l|r. @’lp{ dg urlciárl dfi dinh|ip{iw|l å `grg`{árl fodihg{firl. Dl pdfhgn k| <5 l ¢ D’F`l w|éoé`fip

kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ <5 gnp k’g`{ifn l{ kl ugppifn ² l{ pfn zip|ld lquricln{ dg zfdfn{é l{ d’lnhghlcln{

k| ulrpfnnld kl d’F`l lnzlrp pg cippifn g| `f|rp kl {f|{lp `lp gnnélp. Kl ud|p$ dg cinip{rl rlpufn#pgodl kl d’guudi`g{ifn kl dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ Ccl @arip{inl P{#Uilrrl$ g urépln{é |nl cf{ifn

puéìgdl klzgn{ dlp clcorlp kl d’Gpplcodél ng{ifngdl pf|dihngn{ dl <5l gnnizlrpgirl kl d’F`l. Dl udgn

k’g`{ifn$ kéufpé g| `fci{é kl kirl`{ifn ln mgnzilr ?577$ urézfi{$ ln{rl g|{rlp$ dg ki|pifn kl `gup|dlp

aip{friw|lp alokfcgkgirlp p|r dl pi{l Xlo kl d’F`l$ klp foml{p urfcf{ifnnldp$ dg {ln|l kl dg ré|nifn k|

réplg| _lgdi{lr l{ k’|nl mf|rnél pìln{iw|l$ |nl `érécfnil kl kézfidlcln{ k| o|p{l kl @gciddl Dg|rin

l{ |nl g`{izi{é uf|r dl ulrpfnnld.

Foml`{i ;.?.0 Pf|dihnlr d’guufr{ rlcgrw|godl ln gzl|r kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kl ulrpfnnlp$

kl hrf|ulp$ k’frhgnipclp f| k’ln{rluriplp


Dip{l klp uriq$ klp dg|rég{p l{klp képihng{ifnp {fufnyciw|lp`fccécfrg{izlp

P. F. 79 uriq rlcip

@fccln{girlp = Dg Pfirél klp Céri{lp l{ klp uriq Jrgn`fu|o$ {ln|l å d’f``gpifn kl dg Jrgn`fí{l$

p’lp{ gzérél$ ln`frl `l{{l gnnél$ |nl f``gpifn urizidéhiél kl pf|dihnlr dlp régdipg{ifnp lqlcudgirlp

kl ulrpfnnlp$ kl hrf|ulp$ k’frhgnipclp f| k’ln{rluriplp ln gzl|r kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl. G| `f|rp

kl `l{{l pfirél$ d’F`l l{ plp ugr{lngirlp fn{ rlcip 79 uriq l{ ké`lrné |nl cln{ifn puéìgdl. Uf|r

`fnngî{rl dlp régdipg{ifnp klp dg|rég{p l{ dg|rég{lp$ dl dl`{l|r lp{ inzi{é å zipi{lr dl pi{l kl dg Jrgn`fí{l

g| xxx.rgn`fl{l.w`.`g.






Céri{lp k| rgnègip uf|r dg rgnìpg{ifn klp nf|lg|q grrign{p7;

C. Ngnkg Dgd Ogp{fdg

Ccl Aédánl _iolrky

@ln{rl k’ék|`g{ifn klp gk|d{lp Gn{finl#Orfppgrk kl dg @fccippifn p`fdgirl Cgril#Zi`{frin

Afdikgy Inn Pédl`{ Cfn{régd @ln{rl#ziddl

70. \nl cln{ifn puéìgdl g é{é ké`lrnél å d’Ln`y`dfuékil k| ug{ricfinl |d{|rld kl d’Gcériw|l rgnègipl.

7;. @lp uriq pfn{ g{ {rio|ép ln fddgofrg{ifn gzl` dl cinip{árl kl d’Iccihrg{ifn l{ klp @fcc|ng|{ép |d{|rlddlp.

  Uriq@gciddl#Dg|rinC. Lkhgr Jr|i{ilr

  Céri{lAfccghlCcl Dfdg Dl Orgppl|r

  Céri{lk|jrgnègipkgnpdg`|d{|rlC. Mlgn#Mg`w|lp Ulddl{ilr

  Céri{lk|jrgnègipg|{rgzgidl{kgnpdl`fcclr l‐Ln{rluripl@fhiráp !Aû{ld @aï{lg| Dg|rilr W|éol`)

  Céri{lk|jrgnègipg|{rgzgidl{kgnpdl`fcclr l‐@fci{ékljrgnìpg{ifn‐Ln{rluriplDlp Pyp{áclp @ip`f @gngkg

  Céri{lk|jrgnègipg|{rgzgidl{kgnpdl`fcclr l‐Ul{i{ll{cfylnnlln{rluripl@fn`lu{ifn Hénib

  Céri{lk|jrgnègipkgnpd’Gkcinip{rg{ifn‐Dgnh|lk|{rgzgidl{plpplrzi`lp@ln{rl df`gd kl kézldfuulcln{ kl dg Cg{guékig

  UriqJrgn`fu|o&Of|rplPlrhlp#[f|hgp_énf#Kéuû{$ Ghln`l Pgin{#Mg`w|lp Zgddél Y * _$Ccl M|dil Klprfàlrp l{ C. Jrgnìp Dézlpw|l$`fn`lu{l|rp

  UriqJrgn`fu|o@gngd K$ Ghln`l Ofp$ C. Éri` @agzghng`$rékg`{l|r u|odiì{é rgkif

  Uriqk|u|odi`Jrgn`fu|o[Z<$ Ghln`l Ih?$ C. Ni`fdgp Ofipzlr{$ rékg`{l|ru|odiì{é

  Pi{lIn{lrnl{‐Hrgnklfrhgnipg{ifnInk|p{rilddl Gddign`l$ Gpp|rgn`l l{ plrzi`lpingnìlrp

  Pi{lIn{lrnl{‐Ul{i{ll{cfylnnlfrhgnipg{ifnWG In{lrng{ifngd$ kizipifn klp Éki{ifnpW|éol` Gcériw|l70

  Guudi`g{ifndfhiìlddl‐Ul{i{ll{cfylnnlfrhgnipg{ifn Gdfhiln{

  Ml|ql{d|kg`{iìldp\oipf{ Kizlr{ipplcln{

  Guurln{ippghllndihnlLddi`fc$ GQG @gngkg

Dg|rég{p

Céri{l k| rgnègip kgnp dlp [I






Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l <Cfrpr ’fr prz`

{ ``rfî{r rfrc` ’frp{f

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.7 Dl {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp

@fn{lq{l = Kgnp |nl fu{iw|l kl rlàlràl k’|nl ud|p hrgnkl lìln`l l{ k’|nl gcédifrg{ifn `fn{in|l

kl dg urlp{g{ifn kl plp plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp l{ g|q ì{fylnnlp$ d’F`l `fcu{l ud|p ugr{i`|diárlcln{

cfklrniplr d’frl diél g| {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp.

Foml`{i <.7.7 Ulrcl{{rl g|q ì{fylnp w|i |{idipln{ dl frc|dgirl édl`{rfniw|l kl p|izrlln dihnl dl|r kfppilr kl udgin{l


Kéuû{ k| `gdlnkrilr kl cipl ln udg`l k’|npyp{ácl infrcg{ipé

07 cgrp ?575 Kéuû{ ln cgrp ?575

@fccln{girlp = Dg pfd|{ifn rl{ln|l urézfi{ lppln{ilddlcln{ dg cipl ln dihnl k’|n frc|dgirl ulrcl{{gn{

å dg ufu|dg{ifn kl pf|cl{{rl {f|{ pihngdlcln{ kl ufppiodlp kérfhg{ifnp å dg @agr{l.

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.? D’gkcinip{rg{ifn klp lqgclnp kl rgnègip

@fn{lq{l = D’F`l gkcinip{rl dlp lqgclnp kl rgnègip w|l kfizln{ ugpplr `lr{ginp clcorlp klp frkrlpurflppifnnldp k| W|éol` uf|r fo{lnir dl|r ulrcip ulrcgnln{ k’lqlrì`l.

Gn kl gìdi{lr dl p|izi klp kfppilrp$ d’F`l fcu{l rlzfir plp urf`lpp|p gzl` dg fddgofrg{ifn kl ag`|n

klp ;: frkrlp urflppifnnldp.

D’F`l zipl g|ppi å ulrcl{{rl$ g|q ulrpfnnlp w|i dl pf|agi{ln{$ kl p’inp`rirl å |n lqgcln kl rgnègip l{

kl dl ugpplr kgnp d’|n kl plp o|rlg|q réhifng|q.

Foml`{i <.?.7 Ulrcl{{rl g|q ulrpfnnlp inp`ri{lp å d’lqgcln kl rgnègip kl p|izrl

ln dihnl dl|r kfppilr


Kéuû{ k| `gdlnkrilr kl cipl ln udg`l k’|npyp{ácl infrcg{ipé

07 cgrp ?575 Kéuû{ rlufr{é

Kg{l kl régdipg{ifn 07 cgrp ?577 Nfn régdipé






@fccln{girlp = G| `f|rp kl ?575#?577$ d’F`l g gcfr`é |nl kécgràl ln z|l kl rlzfir d’lnplcodl

klp urf`lpp|p diép å d’gkcinip{rg{ifn klp lqgclnp kl rgnègip$ kfn{ dlp klcgnklp k’inp`riu{ifn å |n

lqgcln l{ kl rlnf|zlddlcln{ kl ulrcip {lcufrgirlp. @’lp{ g| {lrcl kl `l{ lqlrì`l w|’id plrg ln clp|rl

kl uréìplr dlp fn`{ifnngdi{ép k| pyp{ácl infrcg{iw|l å kézldfuulr.

Foml`{i <.?.? Jgìdi{lr d’gkcinip{rg{ifn å kip{gn`l klp lqgclnp kl rgnègip


Nfcorl l{ dil| klp pégn`lp G| cfinp 75 pégn`lp ugr gnnél 71

Nfcorl kl ulrpfnnlp urépln{lp7< g|qpégn`lp

P. F. 701

@fccln{girlp = G| `f|rp k| klrnilr lqlrì`l$ 71 pégn`lp k’lqgcln fn{ é{é {ln|lp kgnp dlp o|rlg|q

réhifng|q kl d’F`l$ pfi{ ? å _icf|pbi$ < å W|éol`$ ? å [rfip#_iziárlp$ ? å Palrorffbl$ : å Hg{inlg| l{

7 å _f|yn#Nfrgnkg. @ln{ {rln{l#a|i{ ulrpfnnlp p’y pfn{ urépln{élp.

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn <.0 Dg hlp{ifn klp `fcué{ln`lp l{ klp pgzfirp

@fn{lq{l = D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn àlràln{ å cl{{rl ln udg`l klp urg{iw|lp kl hlp{ifn p|p`lu{iodlp

k’g{{irlr l{ kl kédiplr dl ulrpfnnld$ l{ g|ppi k’g``rfî{rl dg ulrfrcgn`l frhgnipg{ifnnlddl. Dl kézldfu#

ulcln{ k’|nl `|d{|rl kl rl`fnngippgn`l g|uráp klp clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld `fnp{i{|l d’|n klp cfylnp

urizidéhiép uf|r y ugrzlnir.

Foml`{i <.0.7 Icudgn{lr |nl `|d{|rl kl rl`fnngippgn`l gn k’g{{irlr l{ kl rl{lnir |n ulrpfnnld

`fcué{ln{ l{ ulrfrcgn{

Kg{l k’icudgn{g{ifn K’iì g| 07 cgrp ?57; [ln|l kl kl|q g`{izi{épuf|r pf|dihnlr dg `fn{ri#o|{ifn kl `lr{ginp clcorlpk| ulrpfnnld !?< gnp klplrzi`l g| hf|zlrnlcln{ l{kéugr{ å dg rl{rgi{l)

@fccln{girlp = Kl|q g`{izi{ép fn{ é{é frhgnipélp uf|r pf|dihnlr dg `fn{rio|{ifn kl `lr{ginp clcorlp

k| ulrpfnnld = d’|nl uf|r dlp ?< gnp kl plrzi`l g| hf|zlrnlcln{ kl `lr{ginlp ulrpfnnlp l{ d’g|{rl uf|r

dg `grriárl k| ulrpfnnld gygn{ urip pg rl{rgi{l ln `f|rp k’gnnél.

7<. Cfkij`g{ifn guufr{él å dg rékg`{ifn






Foml`{i <.0.? Jgzfriplr dl kézldfuulcln{ klp `fcué{ln`lp klp hlp{ifnngirlp l{ k| ulrpfnnld


Uf|r`ln{ghl kl dg cgppl pgdgrigdl `fnpg`réå dg frcg{ifn

G| cfinp ? , 7$< ,

Nfcorl kl mf|rp#ulrpfnnlp `fnpg`rép å dgfrcg{ifn inkizik|lddl f| `fddl`{izl

P. F. <90$; mf|rp#ulrpfnnlp

@fccln{girlp = Kgnp dl rlpul`{ kl dg Dfi gzfripgn{ dl kézldfuulcln{ l{ dg rl`fnngippgn`l klp `fcué#

{ln`lp kl dg cgin#k’Ő|zrl$ 7$< , kl dg cgppl pgdgrigdl g é{é gddf|é d’gnnél klrniárl å dg frcg{ifn$ kéugp#

pgn{ ginpi d’foml`{i kl 7 , uréz| ugr dg dfi. G|ppi$ dl ulrpfnnld g ugr{iìué å klp g`{izi{ép kl frcg{ifn

inkizik|lddl f| `fddl`{izl {f{gdipgn{ <90$; mf|rp#ulrpfnnlp.

Foml`{i <.0.0 Jgìdi{lr dg {rgnpcippifn l{ d’g`{|gdipg{ifn klp pgzfirp p{rg{éhiw|lp


Nfcorl k’g`{izi{ép kl cln{frg{ P. F. 5

Nfcorl kl p{ghigirlp G| cfinp 0 ugr gnnél ;

@fccln{girlp = D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn zipln{ å in{érlpplr dlp é{|kign{p$ p{ghigirlp l{ nf|zlg|q

kiudûcép å klzlnir dg rldázl kl dg fn`{ifn u|odiw|l w|éoé`fipl. W|g{rl é{|kign{lp fn{ l| dg ufppioidi{é

k’ll`{|lr |n p{ghl réc|néré kl w|ldw|lp cfip å d’F`l f| å dg @fccippifn kgnp dl `gkrl kl dl|r

urfhrgccl k’é{|klp. Ginpi$ lddlp pl pfn{ gcidigripélp gzl` dg régdi{é kl dg fn`{ifn u|odiw|l l{ fn{ cip

ln urg{iw|l dlp `fcué{ln`lp g`w|iplp g| `f|rp kl dl|r frcg{ifn.

Pgil}#f|p w|l…

Dlp fccln{girlp frc|dép ugr dlp |{idipg{l|rpk| Hrgnk ki`{ifnngirl {lrcinfdfhiw|l l{ kl dg

Ognw|l kl kéugnnghl dinh|ip{iw|l `fn{rio|ln{réh|diárlcln{ å d’lnriàipplcln{ kl `lp uréìl|qf|{idp.



_égdipg{ifnp kl d’Fjji`l ugr rguufr{

å dg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl plrzi`lp g|q `i{fylnp

;





;_égdipg{ifnp kl d’Fjji`l ugr rguufr{å dg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp

_égdipg{ifnp kl d’Fj`l ugr rguufr{ å dg Ké`dgrg{ifnkl plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp@l{{l ugr{il k| rguufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn {rgi{l klp rép|d{g{p g{{lin{p g| rlhgrk kl dg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl

plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp w|i g é{é gkfu{él g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l ?550#?55; l{ w|i n’g ugp é{é cfkiél

klu|ip. Ln ?575#?577$ {f|p dlp lnhghlcln{p fn{ é{é rlpul`{ép$ `fccl dl cfn{rl dl {godlg| ì#klppf|p.

Lnhghlcln{ _ép|d{g{

7 _éufnkrl pgnp kédgi f|$ kgnp dlp `gp fù |nl rlàlràllp{ né`lppgirl$ kgnp dlp ?; al|rlp$ g|q w|lp{ifnp w|i pfn{

gàlcinélp å pfn plrzi`l kl rlnplihnlcln{p hénérg|q.

D’F`l g é{é ln clp|rl kl {rgi{lr {f|{lp dlp w|lp{ifnprlè|lp ln cfinp kl ?; al|rlp.

? P’gpp|rlr w|l dl ulrpfnnld lp{ g| plrzi l klp kirihlgn{pl{ klp rlpufnpgodlp kl dg rgnìpg{ifn klp cidil|q kl{rgzgid.

Dlp `fnpliddlrp ln rgnìpg{ifn fn{ ll`{|é ? :;5 zipi{lpkgnp klp ln{rluriplp k| W|éol` l{ 759 kgnp klpfrhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn. Kl dl|r `û{é$ ìnwpuéìgdip{lp ln rgnìpg{ifn klp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infr#cg{ifn fn{ réufnk| g|q klcgnklp k’gikl urfzlngn{ kldl|rp `fddáh|lp l{ k’|{idipg{l|rp. Kl ud|p$ hrï`l g| Ogn`k’ézgd|g{ifn {lànfdinh|ip{iw|l !Oé{ld)$ d’F`l g urfufpéklp pfd|{ifnp {làniw|lp ulrcl{{gn{ å klp ln{rluriplp l{å klp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn kl cil|q rgnìplrdl|rp guudi`g{ifnp dfhiìlddlp7:.

0 Lnzfylr$ kgnp |n kédgi kl ;1 al|rlp$ |n g``|pé klré`lu{ifn g|q ulrpfnnlp w|i ufr{ln{ udgin{l uf|rnfn#rlpul`{ klp kipufpi{ifnp kl dg dfi ugr dg ufp{l$ ugr{édé`fuil f| ugr `f|rrild.

\n g``|pé kl ré`lu{ifn g é{é lquékié å 98$1 , klpulrpfnnlp udgihngn{lp kgnp |n kédgi nl kéugppgn{ ugp;1 al|rlp.

; Cf{izlr {f|{l lrcl{|rl kl kfppilr kl udgin{l ugr |n é`ri{{rgnpcip å dg ulrpfnnl w|i g ufr{é udgin{l.

@l{ lnhghlcln{ g é{é rlpul`{é kgnp dg w|gpi#{f{gdi{é klp`gp kl udgin{lp {rgnpciplp ugr klp inkizik|p.

< Gpp|rlr |nl réufnpl iccékig{l f|$ kgnp dlp `gp fù|nl rlàlràl lp{ né`lppgirl$ kgnp dlp ?; al|rlp$ g|qklcgnklp urfzlngn{ kl d’gppip{gn`l {lrcinfdfhiw|l l{dinh|ip{iw|l ulrpfnngdipél.

D’gppip{gn`l flr{l g| cfyln klp `fnp|d{g{ifnp {édéuaf#niw|lp {griélp g ulrcip kl {rgi{lr 7 98< w|lp{ifnp w|i$uf|r 9: , k’ln{rl lddlp$ fn{ rlè| |nl réufnpl iccékig{ll{$ uf|r dlp g|{rlp$ kgnp dlp ?; al|rlp.

: Lnzfylr å d’|pghlr k| plrzi l Eppip{lrcl |nl `fuil klpàlp nf|zlddlp f| cfkiélp kgnp |n kédgi cgqicgd klìnw mf|rp f|zrgodlp.

Dl plrzi`l Eppip{lrcl n’é{gn{ ud|p flr{ klu|ip dl7lr gzrid ?551$ g|`|nl p{g{ip{iw|l n’g é{é urfk|i{l.

8 Ll`{|lr réh|diárlcln{ klp é{|klp uf|r `fnngî{rl dlklhré kl pg{ipg`{ifn klp |{idipg{l|rp klp urfk|i{p l{plrzi`lp kl d’F`l.

Ln ?575#?577$ dg Kirl`{ifn kl dg rlàlràl l{ kl d’ézgd|g{ifng rékihé |n rguufr{ p|r dg pg{ipg`{ifn kl dg `diln{ádl w|i|{idipl dl pi{l Xlo kl d’F`l !zfir dg pl`{ifn ?.<).

1 Kfnnlr p|i{l g|q udgin{lp klp i{fylnp l{ klp i{fylnnlprldg{izlp g|q urfk|i{p l{ plrzi`lp kl d’F`l kgnp |n kédgi

kl zinh{ mf|rp f|zrgodlp.

W|g{rl klp ìnw udgin{lp kéufpélp fn{ é{é {rgi{élp kgnpdl kédgi uréz|.

7:. CP Xinkfxp Plrzlr ?551 ln rgnègip$ Dlqiw|l rgnègip#gnhdgip & gnhdgip#rgnègip k’Gkfol Jdgpa @P< l{ Jrgnìpg{ifn k| dfhiìld kl

hlp{ifn kl `fn{ln| [YUF0



Guudi`g{ifn klp fodihg{ifnp

déhipdg{izlp l{ hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp

<





< Guudi`g{ifn klp fodihg{ifnpdéhipdg{izlp l{ hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp

@l{{l ugr{il k| rguufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn gi{ é{g{ klp fodihg{ifnp déhipdg{izlp l{ hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp kfn{

d’F`l kfi{ rlnkrl `fcu{l.

<.7 _lpufnpgoidi{é kl d’Fj`l ln cg{iárlkl `fnngippgn`l k| rgnègip

Ln zlr{| kl d’gr{i`dl 0< kl dg @agr{l$ d’F`l gkcinip{rl dlp lqgclnp kl `fnngippgn`l k| rgnègip w|l

kfizln{ ugpplr `lr{ginp nf|zlg|q clcorlp klp ;: frkrlp urflppifnnldp k| W|éol` uf|r fo{lnir dl|r

ulrcip ulrcgnln{ k’lqlrì`l. G| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l ?575#?577$ d’F`l g {ln| ?:; pégn`lp k’lqgcln

g|qw|lddlp pl pfn{ urépln{élp 7 807 ulrpfnnlp. Ginpi$ id g gkcinip{ré ? ;55 éurl|zlp$ kfn{ dl {g|q klré|ppi{l g é{é kl ;5$: ,78. Dlp `gnkikg{p w|i éàf|ln{ ul|zln{$ p|r klcgnkl$ rl`lzfir |nl ré{rfg`{ifn.

Å `l{ éhgrk$ ?0? p|izip fn{ é{é ll`{|ép. @lp ulrpfnnlp oénéìln{ éhgdlcln{ k’|n krfi{ kl rézipifn kl

dl|rp rép|d{g{p$ urérfhg{izl w|i g ln{rgîné dl rélqgcln kl <8 kfppilrp.

G|ppi$ pldfn dlp kipufpi{ifnp klp gr{i`dlp ?5 l{ ?0 kl dg @agr{l$ d’F`l ézgd|l dg `fnngippgn`l k| rgn#

ègip klp ulrpfnnlp w|l klp cinip{árlp f| klp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn w|éoé`fipl urézfiln{

lcog|àlr$ f| w|i uf|rrgiln{ y í{rl c|{élp f| urfc|lp. G| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l ?575#?577$ d’F`l n’g

rlè| g|`|n `gnkikg{ ln zlr{| kl `lp gr{i`dlp.

@fnfrcécln{ å |nl ln{ln{l in{lrzln|l ln{rl d’F`l$ dg Pfìé{é kl d’gpp|rgn`l g|{fcfoidl k| W|éol`

l{ dl O|rlg| k| {gqi l{ k| rlcfrw|ghl kl dg Ziddl kl Cfn{régd$ d’F`l {iln{$ g| olpfin$ klp pégn`lp

k’lqgcln kl rgnègip å d’in{ln{ifn klp àg|l|rp kl {gqi. Kl|q ulrpfnnlp pl pfn{ urépln{élp å |nl {lddlpégn`l ln ?575#?577.

Lnn$ ln zlr{| k| _áhdlcln{ p|r dg kédizrgn`l klp ulrcip kl `f|r{ilr f| k’ghln`l$ ln{ré ln zih|l|r dl

7lr cgi ?575$ d’Frhgnipcl k’g|{fréhdlcln{g{ifn k| `f|r{ghl iccfoidilr k| W|éol` rlw|ilr{ dlp plrzi`lp

kl d’F`l uf|r gkcinip{rlr klp lqgclnp kl dg `fnngippgn`l k| rgnègip g|q `gnkikg{p å d’lqlrì`l kl

dg urflppifn kl `f|r{ilr iccfoidilr. G| `f|rp k| urépln{ lqlrì`l$ {rfip `gnkikg{p pl pfn{ urépln{ép å

|nl pégn`l k’lqgcln.

G| {f{gd$ ? ;5< éurl|zlp fn{ kfn` é{é gkcinip{rélp$ `l w|i rlurépln{l |nl g|hcln{g{ifn kl 70$? , ugr

rguufr{ å d’lqlrì`l uré`ékln{.

78. Dl {g|q kl ré|ppi{l rlurépln{l dl rguufr{ ln{rl dl nfcorl kl `gnkikg{lp l{ kl `gnkikg{p w|i fn{ ré|ppi d’lqgcln g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`ll{ dl nfcorl {f{gd kl `gnkikg{lp l{ kl `gnkikg{p. @l {g|q é{gi{ kl 01$: , ln ?559#?575.





Guudi`g{ifn klp fodihg{ifnpdéhipdg{izlp l{ hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp<

Dlp clcorlp klp frkrlp urflppifnnldp w|i ré|ppippln{ d’lqgcln kl d’F`l fo{ilnnln{ |n ulrcip

ulrcgnln{ dl|r ulrcl{{gn{ k’lqlr`lr dl|r urflppifn g| W|éol`. @l|q w|i éàf|ln{$ cgip w|i kipufpln{$ dl

`gp éàégn{$ k’|n urlcilr ulrcip {lcufrgirl g``frké ugr dl|r frkrl urflppifnnld$ ul|zln{ ln klcgnklr

dl rlnf|zlddlcln{ uf|r |nl uérifkl k’|n gn$ l{ `l$ g| cgqic|c {rfip fip. @agw|l fip$ d’F`l kfi{

réézgd|lr pi d’in{érí{ u|odi` dl m|p{il. G| `f|rp kl d’gnnél$ ?:7 klcgnklp kl rlnf|zlddlcln{ d|i fn{ é{é

pf|ciplp$ l{ id ln g g|{fripé ?;<.

Zfiì dg réugr{i{ifn$ ln frkrl ké`rfippgn{$ klp ulrcip rlnf|zldép ugr frkrlp urflppifnnldp =

Frkrl klp inrciárlp l{ inrcilrp k| W|éol` :1

Frkrl klp inrciárlp l{ inrcilrp g|qidigirlp k| W|éol` 07

@fddáhl klp céklìnp k| W|éol` ?9

Frkrl klp àicip{lp k| W|éol` 78

Frkrl klp kln{ip{lp k| W|éol` 78

Frkrl klp inhénil|rp k| W|éol` 7:

Frkrl klp `fcu{godlp ghréép k| W|éol` 8

Frkrl klp lrhf{aérgul|{lp k| W|éol` 8

Frkrl klp upyàfdfh|lp k| W|éol` 8

Frkrl klp `fcu{godlp hénérg|q g``réki{ép k| W|éol` :

Frkrl klp uagrcgìlnp k| W|éol` :

Frkrl urflppifnnld kl dg uaypif{aérguil k| W|éol` :

Frkrl klp {lànfdfh|lp ln icghlril céki`gdl l{ ln rgkif#fn`fdfhil k| W|éol` ;

Frkrl klp ghrfnfclp k| W|éol` 0Frkrl klp fr{afuafnip{lp l{ g|kifdfhip{lp k| W|éol` 0

Frkrl klp {rgk|`{l|rp$ {lrcinfdfh|lp l{ in{lrurá{lp ghréép k| W|éol` 0

Frkrl urflppifnnld klp {rgzgiddl|rp pfìg|q k| W|éol` 0

Frkrl klp héfdfh|lp k| W|éol` ?

Frkrl klp ayhiénip{lp kln{girlp k| W|éol` ?

Frkrl klp céklìnp zé{éringirlp k| W|éol` ?

Frkrl klp àirfurg{iìlnp k| W|éol` 7

Frkrl klp fnpliddlrp k’friln{g{ifn l{ klp upyàfék|`g{l|rp k| W|éol` 7

Frkrl klp fu{iìlnp k’frkfnngn`lp k| W|éol` 7

Frkrl klp ufkig{rlp k| W|éol` 7

Frkrl klp |rognip{lp k| W|éol` 7

Frkrl urflppifnnld klp kié{é{ip{lp k| W|éol` 7[f{gd klp ulrcip rlnf|zldép ?;<

Lnn$ d’F`l kfi{ é{|kilr dlp w|ldw|lp klcgnklp w|’id rlèfi{ zipgn{ å fo{lnir dg kédizrgn`l kl ulrcip

rlp{ri`{ip. \n {ld ulrcip ul|{ í{rl g``frké å |nl ulrpfnnl gygn{ fo{ln|$ å d’lq{éril|r k| W|éol`$ dl

kiudûcl kfnngn{ g``áp å d’lqlrì`l kl pg urflppifn$ å dg `fnki{ifn w|’lddl nl {rgzgiddl w|l uf|r |n pl|d

lcudfyl|r l{ w|’lddl nl pfi{ ugp ln `fn{g`{ gzl` dl u|odi`. D’F`l g g|{fripé w|g{rl klcgnklp å `l{

ll{ ln ?575#?577.






<.? G``áp å d’infrcg{ifn l{ urf{l`{ifn klprlnplihnlcln{p ulrpfnnldp

G| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì l ?575#?577$ d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn fn{ rlè| :7 klcgnklp k’g `áp l{ k’infrcg#

{ifn$ fcugrg{izlcln{ å ;0 ln ?559#?575. @l{ é`gr{ p’lqudiw|l ugr dl nfcorl ud|p icufr{gn{ kl klcgnklp

kl `fnp|d{g{ifn lq{lrnlp$ w|i lp{ ugppé kl 05 d’gn klrnilr å ;: `l{{l gnnél. Dl nfcorl kl klcgnklp

k’|pghlrp in{lrnlp g$ uf|r pg ugr{$ `fnn| |nl déhárl g|hcln{g{ifn l{ lp{ ugppé kl 70 å 7<.

Dl {godlg| mfin{ å d’gnnlql ? urépln{l dlp urinìugdlp kfnnélp rldg{izlp g|q klcgnklp rlè|lp `l{{l gnnél.

<.0 Ufdi{iw|l hf|zlrnlcln{gdl rldg{izl å d’lcudfi l{ å dgw|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kgnp d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn

Ln zlr{| k| ufin{ 05 kl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l hf|zlrnlcln{gdl$ d’F`l kfi{ girl é{g{$ kgnp pfn rguufr{

gnn|ld$ kl dg cipl ln Ő|zrl k’g| cfinp |n édécln{ kl `l{{l ufdi{iw|l. @agw|l gnnél$ d’F`l ln{rlurlnk

|nl é{|kl ézgd|g{izl ln `l plnp.

Ln ?575#?577$ d’F`l g {lrciné dg rékg`{ifn k| rguufr{ ngd kl d’ézgd|g{ifn kl d’guudi`g{ifn k| ufin{ 79$

w|i urézfi{ w|l d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn n’lqihl dg `fnngippgn`l k’|nl g|{rl dgnh|l w|l dl rgnègip `fccl

`fnki{ifn kl rl`r|{lcln{$ kl c|{g{ifn f| k’gl`{g{ifn$ w|l pi d’g``fcudipplcln{ kl dg {ïàl né`lppi{l

dg `fnngippgn`l kl `l{{l g|{rl dgnh|l. @l{{l ézgd|g{ifn g ulrcip kl `fcugrlr dlp rép|d{g{p k’|nl é{|kl

plcodgodl régdipél ugr d’F`l ln ?55;#?55< l{ kl zfir p’id y g l| klp gcédifrg{ifnp å dg p|i{l klp in{lr#zln{ifnp kl d’F`l. Å ugr{ir kl d’gngdypl k’frlp k’lcudfi ugr|lp kgnp Inf#`grriárl$ dlp rép|d{g{p cfn{rln{

w|’id y g cfinp k’frlp k’lcudfi w|i lqihln{ dg `fnngippgn`l k’|nl g|{rl dgnh|l w|l dl rgnègip$ dl {g|q

é{gn{ ugppé kl 9$9 , ln ?55;#?55< å 0$8 , ln ?559#?575. \n ul| ud|p k| {ilrp !0< ,) klp ufp{lp

k’ghln{ kl rlàlràl l{ kl udgni`g{ifn pfìfé`fnfciw|l lqihlgiln{ |nl `fnngippgn`l kl d’gnhdgip.

Kl ud|p$ dl nizlg| kl dgnh|l rlàlràé lp{ cil|q ké`ri{ w|’id y g w|g{rl gnp. Id y g 87 , klp cinip{árlp

l{ frhgnipclp !CF) w|i fn{ lp{icé w|l dg `fnngippgn`l kl d’gnhdgip lp{ lppln{ilddl$ né`lppgirl$ rlw|ipl

f| lqihél$ `fcugrg{izlcln{ å 79 , ln ?55;#?55<2 d’gnhdgip é{gi{ gdfrp `fnpikéré `fccl |n ¢ g{f|{ ²

!17 ,). [f|{lfip$ dg rgipfn uf|r lqihlr dg fnngippgn`l k’|nl g|{rl dgnh|l w|l dl rgnègip lp{ {rfu pf|zln{

gopln{l !9: , klp `gp)$ kl pfr{l w|l dlp `gnkikg{p l{ `gnkikg{lp uf{ln{ildp nl pfn{ ugp ln clp|rl kl

oiln pgipir uf|r w|ld {yul kl {ïàlp l{ å w|lddl réw|ln`l idp klzrfn{ |{idiplr d’gnhdgip.






\n pfnkghl g éhgdlcln{ é{é ll`{|é g|uráp kl 758 ghln{p l{ ghln{lp kl kf{g{ifn !{g|q kl réufnpl kl

18 ,). Uráp kl dg cfi{ié !;1 ,) k’ln{rl l|q fn{ inkiw|é w|l$ g| `f|rp kl d’gnnél w|i uré`ékgi{ dl pfnkghl$

dl|r cinip{árl f| frhgnipcl !CF) gzgi{ lqihé dg `fnngippgn`l k’|nl g|{rl dgnh|l w|l dl rgnègip uf|r

g``éklr å |n lcudfi g| plin kl dl|r frhgnipg{ifn. Ln ?55;#?55<$ `l {g|q é{gi{ kl <; ,. Pldfn dlp réufn#

kgn{p$ dlp urinìugdlp rgipfnp uf|r lqihlr dg `fnngippgn`l kl d’gnhdgip pfn{ diélp å dg w|gdi{é k| plrzi`l

å dg `diln{ádl !:0 ,) l{ å dg réw|ln`l klp `fn{g`{p gzl` klp ulrpfnnlp ugrdgn{ |nl g|{rl dgnh|l w|l

dl rgnègip !<< ,). Dg @agr{l !gr{i`dl ;:) inkiw|l w|l d’lqihln`l k’|nl g|{rl dgnh|l lp{ ufppiodl dfrpw|l

d’g``fcudipplcln{ kl dg {ïàl dl né`lppi{l.

Ln ?575#?577$ d’F`l g éhgdlcln{ ll`{|é dg {rfipiácl l{ klrniárl uagpl k’|nl ézgd|g{ifn ufr{gn{ p|r dl

p{g{|{ k| rgnègip kgnp dlp pi{lp Xlo kl ;0 cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp. @l{{l ézgd|g{ifn g ulrcip k’lqgcinlrdl rlpul`{ klp ufin{p 0$ ;$ :$ 8$ 1$ 70 l{ 7< kl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l.

@l{{l {rfipiácl uagpl kl d’é{|kl gzgi{ uf|r foml`{i kl zérilr dg cipl ln guudi`g{ifn klp cfki`g{ifnp

rl`fccgnkélp ugr d’F`l gn kl rlnkrl dlp pi{lp Xlo `fnfrclp g|q lqihln`lp kl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip#

{iw|l hf|zlrnlcln{gdl.

Kl cgniárl hénérgdl$ d’lqgcln klp pi{lp g cfn{ré w|’id rlp{l klp lfr{p å girl uf|r w|l dg ufdi{iw|l

dinh|ip{iw|l hf|zlrnlcln{gdl pfi{ rlpul`{él ugr {f|p dlp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn. Ugr

lqlcudl$ ;< , klp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp ki|pln{ p|r dl|r pi{l Xlo kl d’infrcg{ifn hénérgdl ln gnhdgip

g|q ln{rluriplp é{godilp g| W|éol`$ gdfrp w|’idp klzrgiln{ ud|{û{ p’gkrlpplr å lddlp ln rgnègip. D’ézgd|g{ifn

klp pi{lp Xlo g éhgdlcln{ gi{ rlppfr{ir w|l lr{ginp édécln{p kl dg ugr{il gnhdgipl klp pi{lp pfn{ {rgk|i{p$

`l w|i lp{ `fn{rgirl å dg @agr{l. Kgnp dg cfi{ié klp pi{lp$ dl nfc klp ln{i{ép hf|zlrnlcln{gdlp lp{ {rgk|i{$gdfrp w|l d’gr{i`dl 7; kl dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl p{iu|dl `dgirlcln{ w|l ¢ dl hf|zlrnlcln{$ plp

cinip{árlp$ dlp g|{rlp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn l{ dl|rp plrzi`lp nl pfn{ képihnép w|l ugr dl|r

képihng{ifn rgnègipl ². Ln `l w|i `fn`lrnl dg {fufnycil fìlddl$ kgnp 8; , klp pi{lp$ d’é`ri{|rl klp

nfcp kl dil|q fìldp g é{é {rgk|i{l$ `l w|i lp{ nfn `fnfrcl å d’gr{i`dl 7?1 kl dg @agr{l.






Ugr giddl|rp$ klp gcédifrg{ifnp fn{ é{é nf{élp. Ugr lqlcudl$ {f|p dlp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp fn{ cgin#

{lngn{ |nl ughl k’g``|lid ln rgnègip ud|{û{ w|’|nl ughl k’f|zlr{|rl fodihlgn{ d’in{lrng|{l å àfipir ln{rl

dl rgnègip l{ d’gnhdgip uf|r `fnp|d{lr dl pi{l. \nl urfufr{ifn icufr{gn{l kl cinip{árlp l{ k’frhgnipclp

ki|pln{ dl|rp rguufr{p gnn|ldp !10 ,) l{ dl|rp fcc|niw|ép kl urlppl !91 ,) |niw|lcln{ ln rgnègip.

Idp pfn{ g|ppi ln hénérgd ud|p rlpul`{|l|q kl clnlr dlp in{lrng|{lp å dg ughl k’g``|lid ln rgnègip f| å

dg ughl kl hgrkl oidinh|l klp pi{lp k| hf|zlrnlcln{ ékérgd f| kl `ld|i k| Nf|zlg|#Or|npxi`b. @’lp{

éhgdlcln{ dl `gp uf|r dlp ayulrdilnp clngn{ g|q ln{rluriplp é{godilp g| W|éol`.

\nl {lddl ézgd|g{ifn gzgi{ é{é régdipél ugr d’F`l ln ?555$ l{ dfrpw|l d’lnplcodl klp rép|d{g{p lp{ fcugré

å d’é{|kl gi{l ln ?575#?577$ fn nf{l |n rl`|d kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp dlp pi{lp Xlo klp cinip{árlp

l{ klp frhgnipclp lqgcinép. D’F`l uf|rp|izrg plp g`{ifnp uf|r girl `fnngî{rl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l.

<.; Ufdi{iw|l k’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp dlp{lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp

Dl ufin{ ?5 kl dg Ufdi{iw|l hf|zlrnlcln{gdl rldg{izl å d’lcudfi l{ å dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kgnp

d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn urézfi{ w|l dlp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp k’É{g{ gppln{ rguufr{ gnn|lddlcln{ å d’F`l

kl d’guudi`g{ifn kl dg Ufdi{iw|l k’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip kgnp dlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifn l{ klp

`fcc|ni`g{ifnp !U\J[I@). @l{{l `fddl`{l kl kfnnélp$ ini{igdlcln{ ll`{|él `fnmfin{lcln{ ugr d’F`l

l{ dl cinip{árl klp Plrzi`lp hf|zlrnlcln{g|q$ lp{$ klu|ip ?559#?575$ régdipél |niw|lcln{ ugr d’F`l.

Ginpi$ ln f`{forl ?559$ d’F`l p’lp{ gkrlppé g|q kirihlgn{p klp 7:1 CF gpp|ml{{ip å dg U\J[I@ gnk’fo{lnir klp rlnplihnlcln{p ufr{gn{ nf{gccln{ p|r dl|r udgn k’g`{ifn ln cg{iárl kl rgnìpg{ifn klp

[I@$ dg urépln`l$ dl `gp éàégn{$ k’|nl `dg|pl rldg{izl g|q gàg{p kgnp dl|r ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l$ dlp

dfhiìldp w|’idp |{idipln{$ ginpi w|l dg dip{l kl dl|rp ogplp kl kfnnélp nfcing{izlp w|i nl rlpul`{ln{ ugp

in{éhrgdlcln{ dl rgnègip. Dg zgdikg{ifn l{ d’gngdypl klp infrcg{ifnp f|rnilp ugr dlp CF fn{ é{é régdipélp

g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l ?575#?577. @fnpikérgn{ d’lnzlrh|rl l{ dg `fcudlqi{é klp lnzirfnnlcln{p infrcg#

{iw|lp klp CF$ dlp `fn`d|pifnp kl `l{{l `fddl`{l plrfn{ ngdipélp ln ?577#?57?.






<.< Ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’Fj`l l{ kl dg @fccippifnDl cgnkg{ k| `fci{é kl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil `fnpip{l å

zliddlr å dg ulrcgnln`l kl d’|{idipg{ifn k| rgnègip å d’F`l l{ å dg @fccippifn l{ å gpp|rlr d’lqlcudgri{é

klp clp|rlp uriplp å l{{l n$ kl cgniárl å l w|l dlp kl|q frhgnipclp$ kgnp d’lqlr`i`l kl dl|rp g`{izi{ép

gkcinip{rg{izlp$ rlpul`{ln{ in{éhrgdlcln{ dg dl{{rl l{ d’lpuri{ kl dg Ufdi{iw|l hf|zlrnlcln{gdl rldg{izl å

d’lcudfi l{ å dg w|gdi{é kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kgnp d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn.

Dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l g`{|lddlcln{ ln zih|l|r g é{é gkfu{él dl 9 cgi ?550. @l {lq{l lp{ g``lppiodl

kgnp d’in{rgnl{ kl d’F`l. Dg klrniárl cfki`g{ifn$ guufr{él ln mgnzilr ?55:$ `fn`lrngi{ dg urépln{g{ifn

klp clppghlp rgnègip l{ gnhdgip kgnp dlp ofî{lp zf`gdlp kl d’F`l l{ kl dg @fccippifn.

<.: Ufdi{iw|l kl jngn`lcln{ klp plrzi`lp u|odi`p<.:.7 Oilnp l{ plri`lp g`{|lddlcln{ {griép

D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn n’fn{ g|`|n plrzi`l {grié. Dlp rgip kl < + ugr guuld uf|r dl plrzi`l klp `fnp|d#

{g{ifnp {édéuafniw|lp kl d’F`l pfn{ ufr{ép kirl`{lcln{ g| `fcu{l kl d’gofnné ugr pfn f|rnippl|r.

D’F`l nl ulrèfi{ g|`|nl pfccl.

<.:.? Nf|lg|q oilnp l{ plri`lp

G|`|n

<.:.0 Dip{l klp plri`lp w|i g|rgiln{ u| girl d’foml{ k’|nl {grij`g{ifn$ cgip w|ldl cinip{árl f| d’frhgnipcl nl {grijl ugp

G|`|n






<.8 Ofnip g| rlnklcln{ g``frkép ln ?575#?577uf|r dg uérifkl k’ézgd|g{ifn k| rlnklcln{k| 7lr gzrid ?559 g| 07 cgrp ?575

Ln ?575#?577$ d’F`l g g{{rio|é |n ofni g| rlnklcln{ å a|i{ `gkrlp uf|r |n cfn{gn{ kl 0: 705 +.

Nfcorl kl ofnipg| rlnklcln{ Cfn{gn{ {f{gd

@gkrlp 1 0: 705 +

[i{|dgirl k’|n lcudfi p|uéril|r å {lcup udlin 5 5 +

[f{gd 1 0: 705 +

Pgil}#f|p w|l…

Pldfn |n pfnkghl p|r dg pg{ipg`{ifnkl dg `diln{ádl w|i |{idipl dl pi{l Xlokl d’F`l$ 1: , klp réufnkgn{p{rf|zln{ {f|mf|rp f| pf|zln{ `l w|’idp`alr`aln{ kgnp dl pi{l.






<.1 Kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl !KK)Kgnp dg f|dél klp 0 lnml|q fnkgcln{g|q$ klp 9 friln{g{ifnp p{rg{éhiw|lp$ klp 79 gqlp k’in{lrzln{ifn

l{ klp ?9 foml`{ip kl dg P{rg{éhil hf|zlrnlcln{gdl kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl ?551#?570$ d’F`l l{

dg @fccippifn fn{ urizidéhié < g`{ifnp kgnp dl `gkrl kl dl|r urlcilr udgn k’g`{ifn kl kézldfuulcln{

k|rgodl rlnk| u|odi` g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l ?551#?559.

<.1.7 G`{ii{ép régdipélp g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l71

F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L HF\ZL_NLCLN[GDL 7 !urifri{girl)

Infrclr$ plnpioidiplr$ ék|w|lr$ innfzlr

Foml`{i hf|lrnlcln{gd 7 Cil|q girl `fnngî{rl dl `fn`lu{ l{ dlp urinìulp kl kézldfuulcln{

k|rgodl. Jgzfriplr dl ugr{ghl klp lquériln`lp l{ klp `fcué{ln`lp

ln `l{{l cg{iárl l{ d’gppicidg{ifn klp pgzfirp l{ pgzfir#girl w|i ln

gìdi{ln{ dg cipl ln Ő|zrl

Foml`{i frhgnipg{ifnnld Jgìdi{lr d’lnhghlcln{ k| ulrpfnnld kgnp dg cipl ln Ő|zrl l{ dg

urfcf{ifn k| kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl

G`{ifn 7 Cl{{rl ln Ő|zrl klp g`{izi{ép `fn{rio|gn{ å dg régdipg{ifn k| udgn

hf|zlrnlcln{gd kl plnpioidipg{ifn l{ kl frcg{ifn k| ulrpfnnld kld’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l

Hlp{l P|izi

7.7 Cl{{rl ln udg`l |n fci{é kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl !KK)w|i frhgnipl klp g`{izi{ép kl plnpioidipg{ifn l{ kl frcg{ifnufr{gn{ p|r dl KK

Dl `fci{é lqip{l klu|ip dl 05 gzrid ?559.

7.? Urépln{lr dl `fn`lu{ l{ dg kécgr al kl KK g| ulrpfnnld _égdipé ln ?559#?575

7.0 @rélr l{ cl{{rl å mf|r |n ogoiddgrk Kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl _égdipé ln ?575#?577

7.; @fn`lzfir l{ ki|plr |nl gàl énfnègn{ dl `fkl k’é{aiw|lk| fn`{ifnngirl é`frlpufnpgodl

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

7.< @rélr l{ cl{{rl å mf|r |nl r|oriw|l KK kgnp d’in{rgnl{

kl d’F`l

_égdipé ln ?575#?577

71. Uf|r d’lqlrì`l ?575#?577$ dlp clcorlp k| `fci{é kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl fn{ kéìké kl rl{lnir |n `lr{gin nfcorl klp hlp{lp åufplr ugrci d’lnplcodl kl l|q uréz|p ugr dl udgn k’g`{ifn. Uf|r ag`|n klp hlp{lp rl{ln|p$ |nl f|r {l klp`riu{ifn kl d’g`{izi{é jh|rlkgnp dlp {godlg|q w|i p|izln{. Pi g|`|nl g`{izi{é n’g é{é régdipél rldg{izlcln{ å |n hlp{l rl{ln|$ dg cln{ifn nfn régdipé lp{ inkiw|él. Dgcln{ifn nfn rl{ln| lp{ ugr giddl|rp |{idipél uf|r girl é{g{ k’|n hlp{l w|i nl gipgi{ ugp ugr{il kl dg dip{l klp g`{ifnp urifri{girlp é{godilugr dl fci{é.






Hlp{l P|izi

7.: Ki|plr kl d’infrcg{ifn p|r dl KK p|r |nl ogpl {riclp{rilddl _égdipé ln ?575#?577

7.8 Frhgniplr klp g {izi{ép l{ klp ré|nifnp é`frlpufnpgodlp Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

7.1 Gmf|{lr dg zlrpifn pyn{aápl k| udgn k’g`{ifn kgnp dg ufàl{{lk’g``|lid klp{inél g|q nf|zlg|q lcudfyép

_égdipé klu|ip ?559#?575

7.9 Frhgniplr gnn|lddlcln{ |nl `fnérln`l ciki p|r dl {aáclk| KK

Nfn régdipé

7.75 Ki|plr l{ cl{{rl å mf|r dl `gdlnkrilr klp mf|rnélp l{ klpg`{izi{ép fnpg`rélp g| KK


7.77 Ki|plr dg dip{l klp g`{izi{ép zipgn{ dg réagoidi{g{ifn k| cidil|ng{|rld l{ dg répidiln`l é`fdfhiw|l _égdipé ln ?575#?577

7.7? Kip{rio|lr |n kéudign{ lqudi`g{i ufr{gn{ p|r dg uréplrzg{ifnkl dg oifkizlrpi{é

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

7.70 Ki|plr dg dip{l klp frhgnipclp fcc|ng|{girlp kipufpépå g``|liddir klp oénézfdlp


7.7; Ki|plr dg dip{l klp frhgnipclp gzfripgn{ dg ré|{idipg{ifnklp mf|l{p$ klp zí{lcln{p l{ klp gr{i`dlp kl pufr{ |pghép


7.7< Ki|plr dg dip{l klp frhgnipclp ré fd{gn{ dlp cg{iárlprépik|lddlp !ulin{|rl$ a|idlp |pélp$ rérihérg{l|rp$ l{`.)


7.7: Plnpioidiplr dl ulrpfnnld å dg `fnpfccg{ifn klp urfk|i{péw|i{godlp f| oifdfhiw|lp

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

Inki`g{l|r [g|q k’lcudfyép mfin{p ugr dlp g`{izi{ép kl plnpioidipg{ifn g| kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl$ kfn{ dl{g|q kl l|q gygn{ g`w|ip |nl fnngippgn`l p|ipgn{l kl dg kécgràl kl kézldfuulcln{

k|rgodl uf|r dg urlnkrl ln `fcu{l kgnp dl|rp g`{izi{ép agoi{|lddlp

@iodl Jgirl ln pfr{l w|l 95 , klp clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld pfiln{ plnpioidipép k’iì dg in kl ?575 l{

w|l ;5 , k’ln{rl l|q giln{ |nl `fnngippgn`l p|ipgn{l kl dg kécgràl kl kézldfuulcln{

k|rgodl uf|r dg urlnkrl ln `fcu{l kgnp dl|rp g`{izi{ép agoi{|lddlp79

_ép|d{g{p Fn}l klp pli}l hlp{lp kl d’g`{ifn 7 pfn{ cgin{lngn{ régdipép$ nf{gccln{ ugr dg cipl ln

dihnl l{ d’lnriàipplcln{ k’|n in{rgnl{. Ln `l w|i `fn`lrnl dg ìodl zipél$ dl cinip{árl k|

Kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl$ kl d’Lnzirfnnlcln{ l{ klp Ugr`p g gi{ girl |n pfnkghl$ g| f|rp

kl d’lqlrì`l$ ugr d’Inp{i{|{ kl dg p{g{ip{iw|l k| W|éol`. Dlp rép|d{g{p kl l pfnkghl hdfogd

pfn{ zgdgodlp uf|r {f|p dlp CF w|i fn{ gi{ d’foml{ kl d’éàgn{iddfnnghl$ kfn{ d’Fi`l l{dg @fccippifn. @l pfnkghl rlcudg`l d’fodihg{ifn w|l d’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn gzgiln{

k’ézgd|lr dl {g|q kl plnpioidipg{ifn g| kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl kl dl|r ulrpfnnld.

79. Gjn k’|nifrciplr dg urépln{g{ifn kl lr{ginp édécln{p k| udgn k’g`{ifn$ l{{l iodl g é{é rlfrc|dél.






F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L HF\ZL_NLCLN[GDL ?

_ék|irl l{ hérlr dlp ripw|lp uf|r gcédifrlr dg pgn{é$ dg pé`|ri{é l{ d’lnzirfnnlcln{

Foml`{i hf|lrnlcln{gd ; Uf|rp|izrl dl kézldfuulcln{ l{ dg urfcf{ifn k’|nl `|d{|rl kl dg

urézln{ifn l{ é{godir klp fnki{ifnp gzfrgodlp å dg pgn{é$ å dg pé`|ri{é

l{ å d’lnzirfnnlcln{

Foml`{i frhgnipg{ifnnld Uf|rp|izrl |nl kécgràl kl urézln{ifn w|i p|uufpl |nl ugr{iìug#

{ifn g`{izl k| ulrpfnnld gjn kl ugrzlnir å |nl hlp{ifn `fn`lr{él klp

ripw|lp l{ å kl cliddl|rlp `fnki{ifnp uf|r dg pgn{é

G`{ifn ? Frhgniplr klp g`{izi{ép gzfripgn{ kl ofnnlp agoi{|klp kl zil l{

ulrcl{{gn{ |nl cliddl|rl hlp{ifn klp ripw|lp gjn k’gpp|rlr klp

`fnki{ifnp pginlp l{ pé`|ri{girlp uf|r dl ulrpfnnld ginpi w|l pfn lnzi#

rfnnlcln{

Hlp{l P|izi

?.7 Uf|rp|izrl dg kécgràl kl urézln{ifn pgn{é l{ pé`|ri{é ln{lngn{ klp pégn`lp k’infrcg{ifn f| klp g{ldilrp kl {rgzgid

\nl `fnérln`l p|r dg pgn{é l{ d’l`gì{é g|{rgzgid g é{é {ln|l.

?.? G` rfî{rl dlp fnngippgn`lp l{ dlp agoidl{ép ln cg{iárl klpgn{é ln gzfripgn{ dg {ln|l k’g`{izi{ép zipgn{ dl oiln#í{rl

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

?.0 Pl gcidigriplr gzl` dg nfrcl Ln{rluripl ln pgn{é l{ ézgd|lr dgulr{inln`l kl pfn guudi`g{ifn å d’F`l l{ å dg @fccippifn

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

Inki`g{l|r [g|q k’lcudfyép gygn{ ugr{iìué g|q hlp{lp uréz|p ugr d’g`{ifn ?$ kfn{ dl {g|q kl `l|q

gygn{ in{éhré kl nf|zlddlp agoi{|klp kl zil pginlp kgnp dl|rp g`{izi{ép agoi{|lddlp

@iodl Jgirl ln pfr{l w|l 05 , klp clcorlp k| ulrpfnnld ugr{iìuln{ g|q g`{izi{ép kl d’g`{ifn ?

l{ w|l <5 , k’ln{rl l|q pl kipln{ p|ipgccln{ plnpioidipép uf|r gzfir guudiw|é dlp nf{ifnp

guuriplp?5

_ép|d{g{p Dl {ilrp k| ulrpfnnld kl Cfn{régd l{ 10 , kl `ld|i klp o|rlg|q réhifng|q fn{ ugr{iìué

g| hlp{l ?.7. @lulnkgn{$ g|`|nl ézgd|g{ifn k| klhré kl plnpioidipg{ifn k| ulrpfnnld n’g

ln`frl é{é gi{l.

?5. Gjn k’|nifrciplr dg urépln{g{ifn kl lr{ginp édécln{p k| udgn k’g`{ifn$ l{{l iodl g é{é rlfrc|dél.






F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L HF\ZL_NLCLN[GDL 0 !urifri{girl)

Urfk|irl l{ `fnpfcclr kl gèfn rlpufnpgodl

Foml`{i hf|lrnlcln{gd : Guudiw|lr klp clp|rlp kl hlp{ifn lnzirfnnlcln{gdl l{ |nl ufdi{iw|l

k’g`w|ipi{ifn é`frlpufnpgodl g| plin klp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp

k’É{g{

Foml`{i frhgnipg{ifnnld Ln`f|rghlr klp cfklp kl `fnpfccg{ifn$ klp urg{iw|lp l{ klp

g`{izi{ép é`frlpufnpgodlp gzfripgn{ |nl cliddl|rl |{idipg{ifn klp

rlppf|r`lp

G`{ifn 0 Cl{{rl ln Ő|zrl klp urg{iw|lp l{ klp g`{izi{ép fn{rio|gn{ g|q kipuf#

pi{ifnp kl dg ufdi{iw|l uf|r |n hf|zlrnlcln{ é`frlpufnpgodl

Hlp{l P|izi

0.7 \{idiplr k| uguilr å ag|{l {lnl|r ln cg{iárl rl`y`dél uf|rd’lnplcodl klp icuricgn{lp l{ uaf{f`fuil|rp

[f|{ dl uguilr |{idipé lp{ å ag|{l {lnl|r lncg{iárl rl`y`dél.

0.? Ln`f|rghlr dg rék|`{ifn klp icurlppifnp _égdipé !|n clppghl k’infrcg{ifn ki|pékgnp d’in{rgnl{$ |n pdfhgn$ |nl gàlguufpél p|r àgw|l icuricgn{l l{ p|r àgw|luaf{f`fuil|r uf|r plnpioidiplr å dg rék|`{ifnklp icurlppifnp)

0.0 \{idiplr klp `gr{f|àlp rl`y délp uf|r dlp uaf{f`fuil|rpl{ dlp icuricgn{lp$ dfrpw|’lddlp pfn{ kipufniodlp

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

0.; Jgzfriplr |nl ud|p hrgnkl |{idipg{ifn kl dg zipif`fnérln`l Dg zipif`fnérln`l lp{ |{idipél klu|ip ud|pil|rpgnnélp2 uf|r g``rfî{rl pfn |{idipg{ifn$ |nl dip{lklp pgddlp kl zipif`fnérln`l kgnp dlp o|rlg|qréhifng|q g é{é ki|pél kgnp d’in{rgnl{.

0.< Ézgd|lr dg ufppioidi{é kl pl kf{lr kl pyp{áclp klzipif`fnérln`l inkizik|ldp


0.: Urizidéhilr d’gàg{ k’é`rgnp k’frking{l|r å rip{g|q diw|iklp$w|i `fnpfccln{ cfinp k’énlrhil w|l dlp é`rgnp å {|ol`g{afkiw|l


0.8 Ki|plr |nl fnpihnl gn k’é{linkrl dlp é`rgnp k’frking{l|rg| cfcln{ k| kînlr l{ å dg n kl dg mf|rnél

Nfn régdipé

0.1 @fnh|rlr dlp é`rgnp gn w|l dl cfkl zliddl p’g`{izl guráp75 cin|{lp

[f|p dlp é`rgnp pfn{ `fnh|rép ginpi klu|ip dl7lr gzrid ?559.

0.9 Infrclr dl ulrpfnnld p|r dg cgniárl kl urf`éklr åd’icurlppifn rl`{f zlrpf


0.75 Urfufplr g| ulrpfnnld kl cfkilr pg pihng{|rl f|rrildln gmf|{gn{ dg cln{ifn p|izgn{l = ¢ Klzl}#zf|p zrgicln{icuriclr `l `f|rrild6 Ulnpfnp å d’lnzirfnnlcln{. ²







Hlp{l P|izi

0.77 Ulnplr å gmf|{lr klp ri{árlp lnzirfnnlcln{g|q uf|r dlpgàg{p ll`{|ép kirl`{lcln{ ugr d’F`l

Dfrpw|’id lp{ ufppiodl kl dl girl$ klp urfk|i{poifdfhiw|lp f| klp f|rni{|rlp rl`y`délp pfn{gàl{ép.

0.7? Cl{{rl å dg kipufpi{ifn k| ulrpfnnld |n lnkrfi{ fù id lp{ufppiodl kl dgipplr dlp f|rni{|rlp kl o|rlg| |pghélp l{ln`f|rghlr dl ulrpfnnld å y rl`f|rir

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

0.70 @fn d|rl |nl ln{ln{l gn k’fo{lnir klp og p kl rl`y`dghlp|uudécln{girlp

D’ln{ln{l g é{é `fn`d|l gzgn{ d’gkfu{ifn k| udgnk’g`{ifn kl KK.

0.7; Cl{{rl ln udg`l |nl fddl {l pédl`{izl uf|r dlp uidlpkfclp{iw|lp l{ dlp og{{lrilp rlàgrhlgodlp ugr d’ln{rlciplk| urfhrgccl `gngkiln kl dg Pfìé{é kl rl`y`dghl klpuidlp rlàgrhlgodlp


0.7< Ulnplr å gmf|{lr dl ri{árl lnzirfnnlcln{gd uf|r d’gàg{k’éw|iulcln{ kl `|ipinl

Dl `ri{árl lp{ urip ln `fnpikérg{ifn$ cgip é{gn{kfnné dg cippifn kl d’F`l$ dg urifri{é lp{g``frkél å dg dgnh|l klp inp`riu{ifnp p|r dlpéw|iulcln{p.

0.7: P|uuriclr dlp zlrrlp ln p{yrfcf|ppl$ dlp hfoldl{p irép l{dlp oï{fnp å `gé ln udgp{iw|l

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577$ cgip dg ud|ugr{ klpzlrrlp ln p{yrfcf|ppl fn{ é{é édicinép.

0.78 Urfcf|zfir d’|{idipg{ifn klp {rgnpufr{p é`frlpufnpgodlp _égdipé !Gofnnl O|p uf|r dl o|rlg| klW|éol` l{ rlnplihnlcln{p p|r @fcc|ng|{fkgnp d’in{rgnl{)

0.71 Jgzfriplr d’inp{g|rg{ifn k’|nl ognw|l kl `fzfi{|rghl l{ lngirl dg urfcf{ifn g|uráp k| ulrpfnnld

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

0.79 Jgzfriplr d’g``áp å nfp plrzi lp ln réhifn uf|r ézi{lr dlpkéudg`lcln{p kl nfp `diln{ádlp

Klu|ip ?559#?575$ d’F`l frhgnipl klppégn`lp k’lqgcln kl rgnègip ln réhifn uf|rdlp clcorlp klp frkrlp urflppifnnldp.

Inki`g{l|r É{g{ k’gzgn`lcln{ kl dg cipl ln Ő|zrl klp clp|rlp fn{rio|gn{ å d’g{{lin{l klp foml`{ip

ng{ifng|q kl hlp{ifn lnzirfnnlcln{gdl l{ kl dg cipl ln Ő|zrl kl urg{iw|lp k’g`w|ipi{ifn

é`frlpufnpgodl

@iodl Cl{{rl ln Ő|zrl 79 hlp{lp uf|r fn{rio|lr kirl`{lcln{ å d’g{{lin{l klp foml`{ip ng{ifng|q

kl hlp{ifn lnzirfnnlcln{gdl?7

_ép|d{g{p Ln ?575#?577$ 7; klp 79 hlp{lp inp`ri{p g| udgn k’g`{ifn fn{ é{é régdipép ln ln{ilr f| ln

ugr{il.

?7. Gjn k’|nifrciplr dg urépln{g{ifn kl lr{ginp édécln{p k| udgn k’g`{ifn$ l{{l iodl g é{é rlfrc|dél.






F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L HF\ZL_NLCLN[GDL <

_éufnkrl g|q agnhlcln{p kécfhrguaiw|lp

Foml`{i hf|lrnlcln{gd 7: G``rfî{rl dg urfk|`{izi{é l{ dg w|gdi{é klp lcudfip ln gipgn{ guuld å

klp clp|rlp é`fdfhiw|lcln{ l{ pfìgdlcln{ rlpufnpgodlp

Foml`{i frhgnipg{ifnnld Gcédifrlr d’lnzirfnnlcln{ kl {rgzgid gjn k’g``rfî{rl dg w|gdi{é kl zil

k| ulrpfnnld

G`{ifn ; Fu{iciplr dg w|gdi{é kl zil g| {rgzgid

Hlp{l P|izi

;.7 Gcénghlr klp girlp fnziz igdlp gzfripgn{ dl cil|q#í{rl \nl pgddl kl ré|nifn g é{é éw|iuél gzl`klp {godlp p|r rf|dl{{lp uf|r gìdi{lr |ngcénghlcln{ ln fn`{ifn klp g`{izi{ép{ln|lp$ {lddlp w|l klp pégn`lp k’lqlrì`lpuaypiw|lp p|r d’al|rl k| kînlr.

;.? Fu{iciplr dl urf`lpp|p k’g``|lid l{ kl kéugr{ klp lcudfyép Ln `f|rp

;.0 Ln`f|rghlr dlp lcudfyép å ugr{i iulr zfdfn{girlcln{ å klpg`{izi{ép klp{inélp g| ulrpfnnld l{ å dl|r gciddl

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

Inki`g{l|r Nfcorl kl nf|zlg|q hlp{lp cip ln Ő|zrl

@iodl Gzfir g``fcudi dlp {rfip hlp{lp urfufpép

_ép|d{g{p \n hlp{l g é{é régdipé ln ?575#?577 l{ |n g|{rl lp{ ln `f|rp.






F_ILN[G[IFN P[_G[ÉHIW\L HF\ZL_NLCLN[GDL 8

Foml`{i hf|lrnlcln{gd ?0 In{lnpijlr dg `ffuérg{ifn gzl` dlp ugr{lngirlp ng{ifng|q l{ in{lr#

ng{ifng|q å klp urfml{p in{éhrép kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl

Foml`{i frhgnipg{ifnnld Plnpioidiplr dlp ugr{lngirlp ng{ifng|q l{ in{lrng{ifng|q g| p|ml{ k|

kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl

G`{ifn < É{godir klp ugr{lngrig{p l{ klp fddgofrg{ifnp gzl` k’g|{rlp cinip{árlp

l{ frhgnipclp kgnp |nl ulrpul`{izl kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl

Hlp{l P|izi

<.7 Ugr{i iulr g|q g`{izi{ép frhgnipélp ugr dl O|rlg| kl`ffrking{ifn kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl

Klp clcorlp k| `fci{é l{ k| ulrpfnnldfn{ ugr{iìué å ìnw g`{izi{ép k| O|rlg| kl`ffrking{ifn l{ å klp g`{izi{ép {f|àgn{ dl KKfrhgnipélp ugr k’g|{rlp frhgnipg{ifnp.

<.? @rélr kl nf|zlg|q réplg|q dfrp kl dg rlàlr al klugr{lngirlp uf|r |n `fddfw|l [fufnycil l{ KK

Nfn rl{ln| ln ?575#?577

<.0 Édgofrlr dg {lrcinfdfhil inaérln{l g| KK ln `fddgofrg{ifngzl` dl CKKLU

Dg {lrcinfdfhil lp{ cgin{lngn{ ln dihnl l{g``lppiodl å {f|p.

Inki`g{l|r Nfcorl kl nf|zlg|q hlp{lp cip ln Ő|zrl

@iodl Gzfir g``fcudi dlp {rfip hlp{lp urfufpép

_ép|d{g{p Kl|q klp {rfip hlp{lp fn{ é{é régdipép ln ?575#?577.

Pgil}#f|p w|l…

Dl h|ikl dinh|ip{iw|l Dl jrgnègip g| o|rlg|$urfk|i{ ugr d’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|lrgnègipl$ lp{ d’|n klp f|{idp kl réérln`l dlp ud|préugnk|p ln ci dil| kl {rgzgid g| W|éol`.






<.1.? Foml`{ip hf|lrnlcln{g|q nfn rl{ln|p

Ugrci dlp ?9 foml`{ip hf|zlrnlcln{g|q$ 1 n’fn{ ugp é{é rl{ln|p ugr d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn.

Foml`{i hf|zlrnlcln{gd nfn rl{ln| kgnpdl udgn k’g`{ifn kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl

Cf{i uf|r dlw|ld d’foml`{i hf|zlrnlcln{gdn’g ugp é{é rl{ln|

Foml`{i 1 = G|hcln{lr dg ugr { klp énlrhilp rlnf|zldgodlpgygn{ klp inìkln`lp cfinkrlp p|r d’lnzirfnnlcln{!oif`gro|rgn{p$ oifcgppl$ énlrhil pfdgirl$ éfdiln$héf{alrcil$ aykrf#édl`{r iì{é$ l{`.) kgnp dl oidgn énlrhé{iw|lk| W|éol`

Df`g{girlp klp iccl|odlp w|’idp f``|uln{$ d’F`l l{ dg@fccippifn `fn{rio|ln{$ kgnp `l{{l clp|rl$ å d’g{{lin{l kl`l{ foml`{i hf|zlrnlcln{gd ln gygn{ |nl `fnpfccg{ifnl`g`l kl d’é`dgirghl l{ k| àg|ghl.

Foml`{i 9 = Guudiw|lr kgzgn{ghl d’é`f`fnki{ifnngdi{é l{ dgrlpufnpgoidi{é pfìgdl kgnp dlp urfhrgcclp k’gikl u|odi`pl{ p|pì{lr dl|r icudgn{g{ifn kgnp dlp urfhrgcclp klpinp{i{|{ifnp ngnìárlp

D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn rlufr{ln{ å |n urfàgin udgnk’g`{ifn dl|r ugr{iìug{ifn å `l{ foml`{i hf|zlrnlcln{gd.

Foml`{i 7? = Jgzfriplr dl rl`f|rp g|q inì{g{ip é`fnfciw|lp$p`g|q l{ nfn p`g|q$ gn k’inp`rirl dg urfk|`{ifn l{ dg`fnpfccg{ifn kl urfk|i{p l{ kl plrzi`lp kgnp |nlulrpul`{izl kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl

@l{ foml`{i n’g ugp é{é rl{ln| uf|r klp rgipfnp ngnìárlp.

Foml`{i 78 = [rgnpcl{{rl g|q hénérg{ifnp |{|rlp klpngn`lp u|odiw|lp ln pgn{é

Dlp frhgnipclp kfizln{ girl url|zl k’|nl pginl hlp{ifngqél p|r dlp rép|d{g{p2 å `l{ éhgrk$ d’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn`fn{rio|ln{ kémå å d’g{{lin{l kl `l{ foml`{i.

Foml`{i 71 = In{éhrlr dlp icuérg{ip k| kézldfuulcln{k|rgodl kgnp dlp p{rg{éhilp l{ dlp udgnp k’gcénghlcln{ l{kl kézldfuulcln{ réhifng|q l{ df`g|q

@l{ foml`{i n’lp{ ugp dié å dg cippifn.

Foml`{i ?< = G``rfî{rl dg uripl ln fcu{l klp uréf``|ug{ifnpklp ì{fylnp kgnp dlp kéìpifnp

Dlp kl|q frhgnipclp réufnkln{ kémå å `l{ foml`{i lnrlpul`{gn{ àg`|n dlp lnhghlcln{p inp`ri{p kgnp dl|rKé`dgrg{ifn kl plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp.

Foml`{i ?8 = G``rfî{rl dg p`fdgr i{é$ dl {g|q kl kiudfcg{ifn l{dg w|gdi`g{ifn kl dg ufu|dg{ifn

D’F`l l{ dg @fccippifn fnpg`rln{ kémå ud|p kl 7 , kl dl|rcgppl pgdgrigdl g| kézldfuulcln{ l{ å dg rl`fnngippgn`lklp `fcué{ln`lp kl dg cgin#k’Ő|zrl.

Foml`{i ?9 = Pf|{lnir dlp ini{ig{izlp k| pl`{l|r kl d’é`fnfcilpfìgdl zipgn{ d’in{éhrg{ifn k|rgodl ln lcudfi klp ulrpfnnlpédfihnélp k| cgràé k| {rgzgid

D’Fi`l l{ dg @fccippifn rlufr{ln{ å |n urfàgin udgnk’g`{ifn dl|r ugr{iìug{ifn å `l{ foml`{i hf|zlrnlcln{gd.



Gnnlqlp





Gnnlql 7

Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln å dg rgnìpg{ifn ugr dlp {lànfdfhilp kl d’infrcg{ifnl{ klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp ![I@)

[godlg| ré`gui{|dg{i g| 07 cgrp ?577 klp p|ozln{ifnp g``frkélp

Ln{rluripl _éhifnP|ozln{ifng``frkél?575#?577

Zlrplcln{?575#?577

Ink|p{rilp Aykrg|cgr` in`. 5? 7: 070$55 + : <?<$55 +

Nfdi`gc Df`g{ifn kl `gcifnp in`. 5? ?75$55 + 1;$55 +

0519<<; Nfzg P`f{ig \D@ !]l{l` W|éol`) 50 78 909$55 + 8 78<$55 +

GO@U Grài{l`{|rl l{ |rognipcl d{él 50 ;9 8?8$55 + 79 197$55 +

W|gd{là in`. 50 7 9;;$55 + 7 <<:$55 +

PIC@F [lànfdfhilp in`. 50 00 ;<7$55 + 70 015$55 +

Ogn` [l` !@gngkg) in`. 5: 70 18?$55 + < <;9$55 +

@in{|ol d{él 5: 0? 0?7$55 +

Hrf|ul @fnplid JQinnfzg{ifn in`. 5: 75 705$55 + 75 705$55 +

Dgofrg{firlp céki`g|q Hgccg#Kyng`grl 5: ?; ?75$55 + 9 :1;$55 +

Ngbipg in`. 5: 75 ?<5$55 + 1 ?55$55 +

NK[ [lànfdfhilp in`. 5: 78 88<$55 + 8 775$55 +

_fnfr in{lrng{ifngd in`. 5: 0 8:0$55 + 7 <5<$55 +

Pgmf in`. 5: 7< ;71$55 + : 7:8$55 +

Plrzi`lp ln udg`lcln{p ULGB in`. 5: ;8 9;0$55 + 79 788$55 +

Plrzi`lp in{lrng{ifngdp Pbyufr{ in`. 5: 7; <<:$55 + < 1??$55 +

Zgn#G`{ifn !?55< ) in`. 5: 77 9;5$55 + ; 88:$55 +

Zi{rl#Gr{ @.G.O. !7911) in`. 5: 09 19;$55 + 7< 9<1$55 +

Zfr{lq P{r|`{|rlp gw|g{iw|lp in{lrng{ifngdlp in`. 5: 07 8?5$55 + 7? :11$55 +

;011?;7 @gngkg in`. !O.P._.O. Cg{érig|q) 58 78 ?5;$55 + 78 ?5;$55 +

Ngp`f Ln{rl{iln cénghlr k’iccl|odlp in`. 58 7 :5<$55 + 7 :5<$55 +

Dl @ln{rl k| `gcifn !Gcign{l) in`. 7? 0 555$55 + 0 555$55 +

@irifn OifUagrcg _làlràl in`. 70 <5 555$55 + ;5 555$55 +

Éw|iulcln{ k’lcogddghl C.C.@. d{él 70 ?< <9<$55 + 75 ?01$55 +

Hrf|ul Fulq in`. !Cl|odlp Gpadly) 70 9 <0<$55 + 0 17;$55 +

Dlp Ufr{lp Gdgin Of|rgppg in`. 7; 70 :7:$55 + < ;;:$55 +

95:<#7710 W|éol` in`. !Dg jfrhl Ogr l{ Hrid) 7< 7? 5;<$55 + ; 171$55 +





Gnnlql 7

Ln{rluripl _éhifnP|ozln{ifng``frkél?575#?577

Zlrplcln{?575#?577

@fdg`lc @gngkg in`. 7< 9 <1?$55 + 0 100$55 +

Mypb Dinln’n j|rni{|rl in`. 7< 75 185$55 +

Cgn|jg`{|rl LQC d{él 7< ?< ?;0$55 + 75 598$55 +

Cl|odlp @KMC in`. !Cl|odlp Gpadly) 7: ;9 75?$55 + 79 :;7$55 +

Jid{ld ci`rf#fnklp in`. 7: : 0<<$55 + < 51;$55 +

CPO Klpihn in`. 7: ; ?05$55 + 7 :9?$55 +

Pyp{áclp Nfrol` in`. 7: <5 555$55 + ;5 555$55 +

[f{gd :17 0<1$55 + 0?7 1;9$55 +

[f{gd klp zlrplcln{p jgi{p ln ?575#?577 rldg{izlcln{ g|q urfml{p g|{fripép ln ?551#?559 00 ?:9$55 +

[f{gd klp zlrplcln{p jgi{p ln ?575#?577 rldg{izlcln{ g|q urfml{p g|{fripép ln ?559#?575 789 755$55 +

[f{gd klp zlrplcln{p jgi{p ln ?575#?577 <0; ?71$55 +

@l urfhrgccl zipl å guu|ylr dlp ln{rluriplp w|i `fcu{ln{ ln{rl 77 l{ 99 lcudfyép kgnp dl|r kécgràl

kl rgnìpg{ifn. Ginpi$ ln oénéìgn{ k’|nl gikl ngnìárl guudi`godl g|q [I@ |niw|lcln{$ klp ln{rl#

uriplp kl <5 å 99 lcudfyép$ kémå gpp|ml{{ilp å dg @agr{l$ uf|rrfn{ fo{lnir ud|p rguiklcln{ dl|r `lr{i`g{

kl rgnìpg{ifn$ {gnkip w|l k’g|{rlp lcudfygn{ kl 77 å ;9 ulrpfnnlp g|rfn{ dg ufppioidi{é kl d’fo{lnir kl

gèfn zfdfn{girl. [f|{lp `lp ln{rluriplp$ w|i uf|rrfn{ clnlr å oiln dl|r urfml{ kl rgnìpg{ifn å cfinkrl`fò{$ plrfn{ g|ppi ud|p ln clp|rl k’frir |n lnzirfnnlcln{ kl {rgzgid rgnègip å dl|r ulrpfnnld l{ kl

plrzir dl u|odi` ln rgnègip.





Gnnlql 7

Urfhrgccl kl pf|{iln g|q gppfìg{ifnp uf|r dg urfcf{ifn kl dg rgnìpg{ifnkgnp dlp ln{rluriplp

[godlg| ré`gui{|dg{i g| 07 cgrp ?577 klp p|ozln{ifnp g``frkélp

Gppfìg{ifn _éhifnP|ozln{ifng``frkél?575#?577

Zlrplcln{?575#?577

Pfìé{é Pgin{#Mlgn#Ogu{ip{l kl dg Cg|riìl 5; <; 81?$?< + ?7 97?$95 +

Gppfìg{ifn klp rlp{g|rg{l|rp k| W|éol` 5: 70 <8<$55 + 70 07:$77 +

@ln{rl k’in{éhrg{ifn c|d{i#plrzi`lp kl d’F|lp{ kl d’Îdl 5: 80 ?55$55 + ?9 ?15$55 +

@agcorl kl `fcclr`l l{ k’ink|p{ril kl Pgin{#Dg|rln{ 5: 8< 555$55 + 05 555$55 +

@agcorl kl `fcclr`l kl d’Lp{ kl Cfn{régd 5: 8< 555$55 + 05 555$55 +

@fci{é pl`{frild kl cgin#k’Ő|zrl klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp hrguaiw|lp k| W|éol` 5: ?< ;?9$55 + 75 787$:5 +

@frufrg{ifn kl kézldfuulcln{ é`fnfciw|l `fcc|ng|{girl !@KL@)@û{l#klp#Nlihlp&Nf{rl#Kgcl#kl#Hrï`l 5: 8? 555$55 + ?1 155$55 +

@|d{|rl Cfn{régd !Zfdl{ 7 k| urfhrgccl) 5: 8< 555$55 + 05 555$55 +

@|d{|rl Cfn{régd !Zfdl{ ? k| urfhrgccl) 5: 755 555$55 + ;5 555$55 +

Jékérg{ifn klp {rgzgiddl|rp l{ {rgzgiddl|plp k| W|éol` 5: 755 555$55 + ;5 555$55 +

Pfìé{é kl kézldfuulcln{ `fcclrìgd Klp{ing{ifn `ln{rl#ziddl 5: 8< 555$55 + 05 555$55 +

Pfìé{é kl kézldfuulcln{ `fcclrìgd Zil|q#Cfn{régd#W|gr{ilr aip{friw|l 5: 80 <55$55 + ?9 ;55$55 +

Pfìé{é kl kézldfuulcln{ k| of|dlzgrk Pgin{#Dg|rln{ 5: ?5 17?$55 + 1 0?<$55 +

Icuérg{ij jrgnègip 58 ?5 555$55 + 71 8?:$:8 +

Icuérg{ij jrgnègip !uagpl ?) 58 << 555$55 + << 555$55 +

@agcorl kl `fcclr`l l{ k’ink|p{ril [aérápl#Kl Odginziddl !Zfdl{ 7 k| urfhrgccl) 7< ?; 555$55 + 9 :55$55 +

@agcorl kl `fcclr`l l{ k’ink|p{ril [aérápl#Kl Odginziddl !Zfdl{ ? k| urfhrgccl) 7< ;0 ::8$55 + 78 ;:8$55 +

@agcorl kl `fcclr`l l{ k’ink|p{ril kl dg _izl#P|k 7: : ;<5$55 + < 7:5$55 +

@agcorl kl `fcclr`l l{ k’ink|p{ril kl Pgin{#Défngrk#k’Gp{fn 78 70 18<$55 + 77 755$55 +

[f{gd 99: ?95$?< + ;<1 ?<9$?1 +

[f{gd klp zlrplcln{p jgi{p ln ?575#?577 rldg{izlcln{ g|q urfml{p g|{fripép ln ?551#?559 ;: ;:5$55 +

[f{gd klp zlrplcln{p jgi{p ln ?575#?577 rldg{izlcln{ g|q urfml{p g|{fripép ln ?559#?575 ??? 1?8$<5 +

[f{gd klp zlrplcln{p jgi{p ln ?575#?577 8?8 <;:$81 +

@l urfhrgccl zipl å girl ln pfr{l w|l klp ugr{lngirlp pfìfé`fnfciw|lp$ kfn{ dlp gppfìg{ifnp k|

pl`{l|r urizé$ ugr{ghln{ gzl` dl hf|zlrnlcln{ dg rlpufnpgoidi{é kl girl k| rgnègip dg dgnh|l nfrcgdl

l{ agoi{|lddl kl dg zil u|odiw|l. Id àlràl |d{iclcln{ å urfcf|zfir dl rgnègip l{ å rlnfr`lr pfn |{idipg#

{ifn g| {rgzgid$ kgnp dl plrzi`l å dg `diln{ádl$ kgnp dg cipl ln cgràé kl urfk|i{p l{ kl plrzi`lp l{ kgnp

d’gàghl$ l{ `l$ ud|p ugr{i`|diárlcln{ g| plin klp ln{rluriplp w|i lcudfiln{ cfinp kl <5 ulrpfnnlp.





Dfi p|r d’g``áp g|q kf`|cln{p klp frhgnipclp u|odi`pl{ p|r dg urf{l`{ifn klp rlnplihnlcln{p ulrpfnnldp !D_W$ `. G#?.7)

[godlg| ré`gui{|dg{i klp klcgnklp k’g``áp l{ k’infrcg{ifn rlè|lpg| 07 cgrp ?577

Klcgnkl Foml{ Klcgnkl|r

Kédgi kl {rgi{lcln{!ln mf|rp) _éufnpl

kfnnél_ézipifn

7#75 77#?5 ?7#05 07f|" Cfyln

Kl d’lq{lrnl!;:)

Urf`lpp|p kljrgn`ipg{ifn l{kl {rgi{lcln{klp udgin{lp

?: <:$< , O|rlg|qk’gzf`g{p

?8 <1$8 , ?1 8 9 ? 7?$; G``lu{él

_lj|pél

09

8

7

G|{rlp ?5 ;0$< , G|{rlp 79 ;7$0 ,

Kl d’in{lrnl!7<)

In{lruré{g{ifnkl dg dfi

7< 755 , Hlp{ifnngirlpl{ clcorlpk| ulrpfnnldkl d’FWDJ

7< 755 , 77 0 5 7 77$: G``lu{él

_lj|pél

9

:

5

Gnnlql ?





Gnnlql 0

CLCO_LP KL D’FJJI@LCfniw|l @. @frcilr Mg`w|lp Hfppldin _lné _fyHiddlp K|d|kl Df|ipl Cgràgnk Cgr` [lrcf{lCgril Hlnkrfn Mfan L. [rln{ Éri` Ngklg|$ pl`r

@FCI[É K’FJJI@IGDIPG[IFN DINH\IP[IW\L

Cfniw|l @. @frcilr$ urépikln{l

@FCI[É KL P\IZI KL DG PI[\G[IFN DINH\IP[IW\LCgr` [lrcf{l$ urépikln{

KI_L@[IFN HÉNÉ_GDL KLP PL_ZI@LP Å DG HLP[IFNL[ KLP @FCC\NI@G[IFNP

Yfdginl Cgràgnk

KI_L@[IFN HÉNÉ_GDL KL DG J_GN@IPG[IFNL[ K\ [_GI[LCLN[ KLP UDGIN[LP-

Kgnilddl Jlrdgnk

KI_L@[IFN HÉNÉ_GDLKLP PL_ZI@LP DINH\IP[IW\LP

Kgnilddl [|r`f{{l u. i.

PL_ZI@LP M\_IKIW\LP

@FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCILDf|ipl Cgràgnk$ urépikln{lGnkré Hghnfn$ kirl`{l|r u. i.

CLCO_LP KL DG @FCCIPPIFNMlgn#_lné @û{é @grfdinl Klpoilnp

Cg{{alx H. Ag{zgny Df|ipl CgràgnkMg`w|lp Dg`f|rpiárl Mfâd Picfnnl{Df|ipl Pdg{lr Kgnilddl [|r`f{{l$ pl`ré{girl

Kirl`{ifn kl dg jrgnìpg{ifnklp ln{rluriplpDf|ipl Ofip`dgir

Plrzi`l kl dg jrgnìpg{ifn klp ln{rluriplp

l{ klp o|rlg|q réhifng|qKignl [rlcodgy#G|kl{

Kirl`{ifn k| {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lpl{ klp rldg{ifnp gzl` d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn

Dipl G. Dgcolr{

Plrzi`l k| {rgi{lcln{ klp udgin{lp

l{ kl dg jrgnìpg{ifn klp [I@Dg|rln`l Lhrl{g|k

Kirl`{ifn klp {rgzg|q {lrcinfdfhiw|lpl{ kl d’gppip{gn`l {lrcinfdfhiw|l

Kgnilddl [|r`f{{l$ u. i.

Kirl`{ifn klp rlppf|r`lpjingnìárlp l{ cg{érilddlpYfdginl Cgràgnk$ u. i.

Kirl`{ifn k| ulrpfnnldl{ klp oiodif{aáw|lp

@agn{gd Dgdfnkl

Kirl`{ifn klp `fcc|ni`g{ifnpGkrigng O. Lp{godl

Kirl`{ifn klp {lànfdfhilpkl d’injfrcg{ifnH|y Jgdgrklg|

Kirl`{ifn kl dg rlàlràll{ kl d’ézgd|g{ifnH|ydginl @fàrgnl

U_ÉPIKLN[L#KI_L@[_I@L HÉNÉ_GDLDf|ipl Cgràgnk

- @l{{l kirl`{ifn hénérgdl `fcu{l k| ulrpfnnld å Hg{inlg|$ Cfn{régd$ W|éol`$ _icf|pbi$ _f|yn#Nfrgnkg$Pgh|lngy$ Palrorffbl l{ [rfip#_iziárlp.

CINIP[_L KL DG @\D[\_L$ KLP @FCC\NI@G[IFNPL[ KL DG @FNKI[IFN JÉCININL

@arip{inl P{#Uilrrl

Frhgnihrgccl kl d’Fj`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl g| 07 cgrp ?577

ZÉ_IJI@G[IFN IN[L_NLCiàldinl Fp{fm

Urfml{ kl dg Gdgin Uinl



Dg cécfirl klp dil|q

g| W|éol`

Pgdd|i{

Jlrcfn{

Odgn`#

Plu{#Îdlp

Hgpué


_icf|pbi

Nlcgpbg

@aiof|hgcg|

Pgh|lngy_f|yn#Nfrgnkg

Cfn{régd

PalrorffblHg{inlg|

[rfip#_iziárlp

W|éol`

?575#?57

@fccippifn kl {fufnyc

_GUUF_[ GNN\LDK’G@[IzI[ÉP



[godl klp cg{iárlp@fccippifn kl {fufnycil

_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{ii{ép ?575#?577

@FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL

7

0

?

Clppghl kl dg urépikln{l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <

Clcorlp kl dg @fccippifn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Jgi{p pgiddgn{p kl ?575#?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

W|ldw|lp `airlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

`FccippiFn kl {FuFnycil

Cippifn l{ cgnkg{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7<

@fn{lq{l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7:

@diln{ádlp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Plri`lp$ u|odi`g{ifnp l{ f|{idp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Frhgnipg{ifn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Frhgnihrgccl kl dg @fccippifn g| 07 cgrp ?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

régdipg{iFnp kl dg `FccippiFnugr rguuFr{ g|q Foml`{ijp k| udgn p{r g{éhiw|l ?559#?57;

Pfccgirl klp rép|d{g{p ?575#?577 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?0

Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ?@iodlr l{ ofnijlr d’frl dinh|ip{iw|l$ {lrcinfdfhiw|l l{ {fufnyciw|l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.0 Dg nfcln`dg{|rl héfhrguaiw|l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<

Foml`{i ?.0.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?<

Foml`{i ?.0.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?8

Foml`{ij ?.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?1

Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ;Cl{{rl ln gdl|r dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl l{ `édéorlrdg i{gdi{é k| rgnègip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.? Dg plnpioidipg{ifn å dg il ln rgnègip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Foml`{i ;.?.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.0 D’lqulr{ipl {fufnyciw|l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?9

Foml`{i ;.0.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05

Foml`{i ;.0.? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05

régdipg{iFnp kl dg `FccippiFnugr rguuFr{ å dg ké`dgr g{iFn kl plrzi`lp g|q i{Fylnp

_ép|d{g{p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 00



Clppghlkl dg urépikln{l



Ml p|ip al|rl|pl kl zf|p urépln{lr dl _guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{izi{ép ?575#?577 kl

dg @fccippifn. @’lp{ gzl` lr{é w|l ml rlnkp `fcu{l klp régdipg{ifnp kl `l{

frhgnipcl écinlccln{ `fcué{ln{ kgnp {f|p plp gpul`{p.

D’gnnél ?577 gygn{ é{é cgrw|él ugr |n àgnhlcln{ kl urépikln`l$ m’giclrgip

k’gofrk rlclrìlr cg uréké`lppl|rl$ Ccl Jrgn`l Of|àlr$ uf|r {f|p dlp

lfr{p fnpln{ip k|rgn{ pfn cgnkg{. Id c’icufr{l$ ugr giddl|rp$ kl pf|dihnlr å l

p{gkl w|l dg rlkki{ifn kl `fcu{lp kfn{ nf|p nf|p g`w|i{{fnp kgnp dl urépln{

rguufr{ gnn|ld {écfihnl kl nl| cfip kl {rgzgid g``fcudi pf|p pg hf|zlrnl.

Ml rlclrìl éhgdlcln{ dlp clcorlp kl dg @fccippifn uf|r dl|r hénérl|pl `fn{rio|{ifn å nfp g`{izi{ép.@lp ulrpfnnlp g``lu{ln{ kl ugr{ghlr dl|r dfnh|l lquériln`l l{ dl|r lqulr{ipl inkénigodl gzl` nf{rl

frhgnipg{ifn$ l{ dg `g|pl k| rgnègip ln lp{ ginpi cil|q plrzil.

Ml urf{l lnn kl d’f``gpifn uf|r rlclrìlr {f|{ dl ulrpfnnld kl d’g``|lid w|’id c’g gi{ å cfn grrizél ln

mgnzilr. Ml cl plnp urizidéhiél k’í{rl å dg ogrrl kl dg @fccippifn l{ m’y gi {rf|zé |nl éw|iul rlcgrw|godl

ugr pfn lnhghlcln{$ pg lrzl|r l{ pfn ln{af|pigpcl cgnilp{l å uf|rp|izrl dg cippifn w|i nf|p lp{

`fnél. Lnplcodl$ g| `f|rp klp urfàginlp gnnélp$ nf|p nf|p lcudfilrfnp å rldlzlr dlp nfcorl|q

kép w|i p’frirfn{ å nf|p.

Klp jngdi{ép `fcc|nlp

G| `f|rp klp klrnilrp cfip$ m’gi u| rl`fnngî{rl dl {ráp ag|{ nizlg| kl `fcué{ln`l klp puéìgdip{lp kl dg@fccippifn. Pi `lddl#ì ugr{ghl gzl` d’F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ dl @fnplid p|uéril|r kl dg

dgnh|l rgnègipl l{ dl Pl`ré{grig{ å dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l dg cippifn l{ dg zipifn énfn`élp kgnp dl Udgn

p{rg{éhiw|l ln cg{iárl kl ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l ?559#?57;$ plp régdipg{ifnp cl{{ln{ ln zgdl|r pfn lqulr#

{ipl {fufnyciw|l l{ héfhrguaiw|l. Pfn pgzfir#girl lp{ k’giddl|rp {ráp pfddiì{é. Ln ?575#?577$ lddl g ln{rl

g|{rlp `fddgofré gzl` dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil k| @gngkg$ dg Pfìé{é `gngkilnnl k’fnfcgp{iw|l !w|i

é{|kil dlp nfcp urfurlp kl ulrpfnnlp f| kl dil|q) l{ d’Gppfìg{ifn klp kirl`{l|rp c|niìug|q k| W|éol`.

Klp g`{ifnp `fn`rá{lp

Dg @fccippifn g fìgdipé$ ln`frl `l{{l gnnél$ |n hrgnk nfcorl kl nfcp kl dil|q. @fnpéw|lccln{$

|nl cyrigkl kl nf|zlg|q gr{i`dlp lqudiw|gn{ d’frihinl l{ dg pihni`g{ifn kl `lp kénfcing{ifnp fn{ é{ézlrpép kgnp dg Ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol`. Å `l{ f|{id zir{|ld p’ln lp{ gmf|{é |n g|{rl$ pfi{ dl

pi{l Xlo Dl {f|r k| cfnkl ln rgnègip. @l pi{l lqufpl ud|p k’|n ciddilr k’ln{i{ép héfhrguaiw|lp réugr{ilp

g|q w|g{rl `finp k| cfnkl l{ lp{ dl r|i{ k’|n ugr{lngrig{ gzl` dg @fccippifn ng{ifngdl kl {fufnycil

kl Jrgn`l. Ugr d’in{lrcékigirl k’f|{idp {fufnyciw|lp gkgu{ép å dg régdi{é w|éoé`fipl$ cgip négncfinp

g``lppiodlp å {f|p dlp rgn`fuafnlp l{ dlp rgn`fuaidlp$ dg @fccippifn lnriài{ dg nfcln`dg{|rl héfhrg#

uaiw|l l{ cfn{rl dg zi{gdi{é k| rgnègip.





\nl ipioidi{é g``r|l

Uf|rp|izgn{ |nl Ő|zrl kl uráp kl `ln{ gnp$ dg @fccippifn lp{ ulrè|l `fccl d’|nl klp `fccippifnp

`gngkilnnlp dlp ud|p kyngciw|lp. Lddl oéné`il g|ppi k’|nl réu|{g{ifn in{lrng{ifngdl fr{ lnzigodl. Ln

{gn{ w|l ufr{l#ugrfdl kl `l{ frhgnipcl$ ml {ilnp å `l w|l pfn guufr{ icufr{gn{ å dg hlp{ifn klp nfcp

kl dil|q k| W|éol` pfi{ ln`frl ud|p `fnn| l{ rl`fnn|.

Ugr plp ké`ipifnp l{ {f|{ dl {rgzgid w|’lddlp pf|p#ln{lnkln{$ dg @fccippifn guu|il d’Gpplcodél ng{ifngdl

w|i$ ln 7988$ cln{ifnngi{ kémå$ kgnp dl urégco|dl kl dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ dg zfdfn{é kl

dg ufu|dg{ifn w|éoé`fipl k’gpp|rlr dg w|gdi{é l{ dl rgyfnnlcln{ k| rgnègip. Gzl` dlp clcorlp kl dg

@fccippifn l{ pfn ulrpfnnld$ ml p|ip ké{lrcinél å uf|rp|izrl d’g``fcudipplcln{ kl `l{{l cippifn.

Dg urépikln{l$




_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{ii{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL1

Ccl

Df|ipl Cgràgnk lp{ clcorl l{ urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl kl d’Fi`l w|éoé`fip kl dgdgnh|l rgnègipl ginpi w|l clcorl l{ urépikln{l kldg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil klu|ip ?577. Gzf`g{lkl frcg{ifn l{ clcorl k| Ogrrlg| k| W|éol`$ lddlg g`w|ip |nl zgp{l lquériln`l kl d’gkcinip{rg{ifnu|odiw|l å {i{rl kl hlp{ifnngirl kl ag|{l kirl`{ifn$ln ud|p k’gzfir é{é g`{izl {gn{ kgnp dl kfcginl klp`fcc|ni`g{ifnp w|l kgnp `ld|i klp rldg{ifnp kl{rgzgid. Ccl Cgràgnk g nf{gccln{ é{é urépikln{lkl dg @fccippifn kl d’éw|i{é pgdgrigdl guráp gzfiré{é `fccippgirl kl `l{{l cícl frhgnipg{ifn$ zi`l#urépikln{l kl dg `ffrking{ifn klp ufdi{iw|lp å dg

Jékérg{ifn klp àgcorlp kl `fcclr`l k| W|éol`l{ kirl`{ri`l kl dg rlàlràl pfìfufdi{iw|l l{ klprldg{ifnp kl {rgzgid g| @fnplid k| ug{rfng{ k| W|éol`.

C. Mlgn#_lné @û{é lp{ clcorl kl dg @fccip#pifn klu|ip 799;. Kf`{l|r ln pìln`lp ng{|rlddlpkl d’\nizlrpi{é kl Cfn{ulddilr$ id g é{é urflppl|r l{kirl`{l|r k| Kéugr{lcln{ kl pìln`lp oifdfhiw|lpå d’\nizlrpi{é k| W|éol` å Cfn{régd. Ugr dg p|i{l$ id gé{é zi`l#urépikln{ k| O|rlg| k’g|kiln`lp u|odiw|lpln lnzirfnnlcln{ l{ kirl`{l|r kl dg rlàlràl å dgPfìé{é w|éoé`fipl ln gppginipplcln{ klp lg|q. Idlp{ d’g|{l|r kl ud|pil|rp u|odi`g{ifnp pìln{iw|lp

kgnp klp rlz|lp nfrk#gcéri`ginlp l{ l|rfuélnnlp.Ccl @grfdinl Klpoilnp lp{ clcorl klu|ip cgrp?577. [i{|dgirl k’|n kf`{frg{ ln héfhrguail a|cginl kld’\nizlrpi{é kl dg @fdfcoil#Ori{gnniw|l$ Ccl Klpoilnpg lnplihné kgnp `l{ é{godipplcln{$ kl cícl w|’åd’\nizlrpi{é kl dg Héfrhil g|q É{g{p#\nip. Klu|ip?55;$ lddl lnplihnl g| Kéugr{lcln{ kl héfhrguailkl d’\nizlrpi{é Dgzgd l{ y lp{ klzln|l urflppl|rlghréhél ln ?55:.

C. Gnkré Hghnfn lp{ kirl`{l|r ugr in{éric l{ pl`ré#{girl kl dg @fccippifn klu|ip ?577. Id lp{ {i{|dgirlk’|n og``gdg|rég{ ln héfhrguail kl d’\nizlrpi{é k|

W|éol` å _icf|pbi. Gzgn{ k’í{rl å dg @fccippifn$C. Hghnfn g {rgzgiddé å {i{rl kl héfhrgual uf|r dlcinip{árl klp _lppf|r`lp ng{|rlddlp l{ kl dg Jg|nl.

C. Cg{{alx H. Ag{zgny lp{ clcorl klu|ip cgrp?577. Urflppl|r {i{|dgirl g| Kéugr{lcln{ kl héfhrg#uail kl d’\nizlrpi{é Dgzgd klu|ip ?555$ C. Ag{zgnyufppákl |n kf`{frg{ ln héfhrguail aip{friw|l l{ugdéfé`fdfhil. Klu|ip ?559$ id lp{ urépikln{ kl dgJik|ìgirl `gngkilnnl k’é{|klp nfrkiw|lp.

C. Mg`w|lp Dg`f|rpiárl lp{ clcorl klu|ip 799;.Aip{friln `édáorl$ id p’lp{ kfnné `fccl cippifn$ idy g uráp kl ìnw|gn{l gnp$ kl girl `fnngî{rl l{giclr d’aip{firl k| W|éol` ugr plp é`ri{p$ ugr klpécippifnp å dg rgkif l{ å dg {édézipifn ginpi w|l ugrklp dcp l{ klp `fnérln`lp. Fn d|i kfi{ nf{gccln{d’Aip{firl ufu|dgirl k| W|éol` ln ìnw zfd|clp. Idg é{é àlràl|r l{ gnicg{l|r kl dg péril Éufuél ln Gcériw|l l{ id g éhgdlcln{ gpp|cé dg rlàlràl uf|rdg {édépéril K|udlppip. C. Dg`f|rpiárl lp{ clcorlkl dg Pfìé{é rfygdl k| @gngkg l{ kl dg @fccip#pifn rgn`f#w|éoé`fipl p|r dlp dil|q kl cécfirl`fcc|np.

C. Mfâd Picfnnl{ lp{ clcorl klu|ip ?55;. Kiudûcéklp |nizlrpi{ép kl P{rgpof|rh l{ k’F{{gxg$ id g é{éurflppl|r ln pìln`lp ufdi{iw|lp g| `éhlu kl_icf|pbi kl 79:8 å ?55?. Kl ud|p$ id g é{é `fnpliddlrc|niìugd å _icf|pbi ulnkgn{ ud|p kl kiq gnp l{urépikln{ k’G``|lid l{ in{éhrg{ifn OPD$ frhgnipcl w|ilp{ g| plrzi`l klp ulrpfnnlp iccihrgn{lp klcl|rgn{kgnp dg C_@ kl _icf|pbi#Nlihl{{l. C. Picfnnl{ lp{clcorl k| `fnplid k’gkcinip{rg{ifn kl d’Gppfìg{ifnklp gînélp l{ gînép kl d’\WG_.

Ccl Df|ipl Pdg{lr lp{ clcorl klu|ip ?577. _l{rgi{élkl d’lnplihnlcln{$ Ccl Pdg{lr g é{é kirl`{ri`l k’é`fdl

kl 791? å 799; l{$ g|ugrgzgn{$ ghln{l kl kézldfuul#cln{ uékghfhiw|l uf|r dl urfhrgccl ln gnicg{ifnugp{frgdl kézldfuué ugr dl cinip{árl kl d’Ék|`g{ifn.Lddl ufppákl |nl cgî{ripl ln gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|lkl d’É`fdl ng{ifngdl k’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l.

Ccl Kgnilddl [|r`f{{l lp{ pl`ré{girl kl dg @fccip#pifn klu|ip ?550. Lddl g é{é$ ln f|{rl$ kirl`{ri`l kl dg@fccippifn kl ?550 å ?577. Ogàldiárl ln dinh|ip#{iw|l kl d’\nizlrpi{é kl Palrorffbl$ Ccl [|r`f{{lf``|ul éhgdlcln{$ ugr in{éric klu|ip ?575$ dg fn`#{ifn kl kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl gkmfin{l klp plrzi`lpdinh|ip{iw|lp å d’F`l.

Clcorlp kl dg @fccippifn





Clcorlp kl dg @fccippifn

Urlciárl rgnhél

C. Mlgn#_lné @û{é$ C clp Df|ipl Cgr`agnk l{ Df|ipl Pdg{lr

Kl|qiácl rgnhél

C. Mg`w|lp Dg`f|rpiárl$ C cl @grfdinl Klpoilnp$ C. Mfâd Picfnnl{

[rfipiácl rgnhél C cl Kgnilddl [|r`f{{l$ CC. Gnkré Hghnfn l{ Cg{{alx H. Ag{zgny

Kl hg|`al å krfi{l



_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{ii{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL75

Jgi{p pgiddgn{p kl ?575#?577

Kl nf|lddlp nfcing{ifnp

  Urépikln{l l{ clcorl

Dl 7< ké`lcorl ?575$ dl @fnplid klp cinip{rlp g nfccé Ccl Df|ipl Cgràgnk clcorl l{ urépikln{l kl

dg @fccippifn ginpi w|l clcorl l{ urépikln{l#kirl`{ri`l hénérgdl kl d’F`l. Ccl Cgràgnk lp{ ln{rél

ln fn`{ifn dl 75 mgnzilr ?577 l{ p|``ákl å Ccl Jrgn`l Of|àlr.

  ClcorlpDl @fnplid klp cinip{rlp g urf`éké å dg nfcing{ifn klp clcorlp kl dg @fccippifn dl ?0 cgrp ?577.

Pl pfn{ mfin{p å CC. Mlgn#_lné @û{é$ Mg`w|lp Dg`f|rpiárl l{ Mfâd Picfnnl{ Cclp @grfdinl Klpoilnp l{

Df|ipl Pdg{lr$ kl cícl w|l C. Cg{{alx H. Ag{zgny.

Klp nfcp kl dil|q fjìgdipép

  Ln `f|rp k’gnnél$ dg @fccippifn g fiìgdipé ? 00; nfcp kl dil|q$ kfn{ 7 ;18 fkfnyclp l{ 1;8 {fuf#nyclp. Kl ud|p$ lddl g ki|pé ln dihnl$ kgnp dg Ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol`$ < 9<< nf|zlg|qgr{i`dlp p|r d’frihinl l{ dg pihnii`g{ifn kl nfcp kl dil|q.

Klp `lr{ij`g{p f`{rfyép

  G| `f|rp k| klrnilr lqlr i`l$ dg @fccippifn g rlcip w|g{rl `lr{ii`g{p k’fiìgdipg{ifn dfrp kl `éré#cfnilp `fccécfrg{izlp. @l gipgn{$ dg @fccippifn g inp`ri{ kgnp dg héfhrguail dl pf|zlnir kl`fn{rio|{ifnp pihnii`g{izlp å d’éàlddl df`gdl$ réhifngdl f| ng{ifngdl. @lp képihng{ifnp pfn{ @ln{rgdlMlgn#Dlpghl l{ @ln{rgdl _lné#Dézlpw|l$ å Ogil#@fclg|2 Ékii`l _gyngdk#Jréàl{{l$ uf|r dl

ugdgip kl m|p{i`l kl Palrorffbl2 l{ Gcuai{aéï{rl Jlrngnk#Dinkpgy$ å Mfdil{{l.

Klp cé{afklp kl {rggid cfklrnipélp

  Gin kl {irlr dl cliddl|r ugr{i ufppiodl klp rlppf|r lp a|cginlp ciplp å pg kipufpi{ifn$ dg @fccippifng ln{rlurip kl réziplr plp cé{afklp kl {rgzgid ln dlp gm|p{gn{ g| uaénfcánl kl ké`rfippgn`l klpll`{ip kl dg fn`{ifn u|odiw|l$ å ld|i kl dg hénérgdipg{ifn kl d’|{idipg{ifn klp rlppf|r`lp infrcg{iw|lpl{ k’In{lrnl{ ginpi w|’g|q urinìulp kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl. Dg rézipifn {f|àl {f|{lp dlp é{gulpk| {rgi{lcln{ klp nfcp kl dil|q.

\nl riàl `fddgofrg{ifn

  Dg cipl ln dihnl$ ln m|in ?575$ k| [f|r k| cfnkl ln rgnègip g f|rni |n f|{id kl rlàlràl w|i rl`lnpl$

ln ud|p klp nfcp kl {f|p dlp ugyp l{ kl dl|rp `gui{gdlp$ dlp nfcp å |{idiplr ln rgnègip uf|r ud|p k’|nciddilr k’ln{i{ép héfhrguaiw|lp cgml|rlp k| cfnkl$ kfn{ klp ln{i{ép ng{|rlddlp$ klp ziddlp l{ kizlrpké`f|ughlp gkcinip{rg{ip. Dg @fccippifn aéolrhl `l pi{l Xlo2 lddl d’g régdipé ln `fddgofrg{ifn gzl`dg @fccippifn ng{ifngdl kl {fufnycil kl Jrgn`l.

\n `ln{lngirl å `édéorlr

  Ln ?57?$ dg @fccippifn `édéorlrg `ln{ gnp kl hlp{ifn kl nfcp kl dil|q. Ln urézipifn kl `l{ gnnizlr#pgirl$ dg @fccippifn g kéufpé |n urfhrgccl k’g`{izi{ép l{ g ll`{|é kizlrp {rgzg|q diép å `lddlp#ì.





W|ldw|lp àijjrlp

Ln ?575#?577$ dlp clcorlp kl dg @fccippifn pl pfn{ ré|nip å nl| rluriplp.

  Å dg in kl d’lqlr i`l$ dg @fccippifn ki|pgi{ p|r dl Xlo ?0? ;01 nfcp kl dil|q fiìldp.

  Dg Ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol` fn{lngi{$ g| 07 cgrp ?577$ 01: 715 nfcp kl dil|q. Dl {godlg|ì#klppf|p ln urépln{l dg réugr{i{ifn$ pldfn dg dgnh|l.

_éugr{i{ifn klp {fufnyclp kl dg Ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol`$pldfn d’guugr{lngn`l dinh|ip{iw|l$

g| 07 cgrp ?577

Dgnh|l

[fufnyclp Fkfnyclp [f{gd

FjìldpFjìldpl{ nfn

fjìldpFjìldp

Fjìldpl{ nfn

fjìldpFjìldp

Fjìldpl{ nfn

fjìldp

Jrgnègip 9? :1< 7<; 870 9< ;75 70< ?0< 711 59< ?19 9;1

Gnhdgip 7; ?8< 0; 80: 75 5<7 78 55< ?; 0?: <7 8;7

Dgnh|lpgcérinkilnnlp

1 81? ?0 7?5 :?5 7 785 9 ;5? ?; ?95

In|b{i{|{ 0 7<1 1 7?1 7< ?; 0 780 1 7<?

G|{rlp dgnh|lp 7 98< ? 979 7 <15 ? ?0; 0 <<< < 7<0

Inké{lrcinél 0 ?01 < 187 :;9 7 5?< 0 118 : 19:

[f{gd 7?; 770 ??9 ;18 751 0?< 7<: :90 ?0? ;01 01: 715

  G| `f|rp kl d’gnnél$ < 9<< nf{lp p|r d’frihinl l{ dg pihnii`g{ifn kl nfcp kl dil|q fn{ é{é gmf|{élp p|rdl pi{l Xlo kl dg @fccippifn$ `l w|i ufr{l å 17 ?5; dl nfcorl kl nfcp kl dil|q kfn{ dg ki|pifnp’g``fcughnl kl {lddlp nf{lp.

  Ln{rl dl 7lr gzrid ?575 l{ dl 07 cgrp ?577$ dg @fccippifn g fiìgdipé ;11 nfcp kl ugr`p u|odi`p$ kfn{?9; pi{|ép å Hg{inlg| pl|dlcln{.



7

@fccippifn kl {fufnycil



@fccippifn kl {fufnycil7

_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{izi{ép ?575#?577


7.7 Cippifn l{ cgnkg{@réél ln 7988$ ln zlr{| kl d’gr{i`dl 7?? kl dg @agr{l kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl$ dg @fccippifn kl {fuf#

nycil g urip dl rldgip kl dg @fccippifn héfhrguaiw|l kl dg urfzin`l kl W|éol` l{ kl dg @fccippifn kl

héfhrguail !797?#7988).

Dg @agr{l kéni{ dg `fcué{ln`l$ dlp klzfirp l{ dlp uf|zfirp kl dg @fccippifn$ frhgnipcl rlpufnpgodl

kl dg hlp{ifn klp nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol`.

Dg @fccippifn kfi{ =

  urfufplr g| hf|zlrnlcln{ dlp nfrclp l{ dlp ráhdlp k’é`ri{|rl å rlpul`{lr kgnp dg kénfcing{ifn klpdil|q2

  urf`éklr å d’inzln{girl l{ å dg `fnplrzg{ifn klp nfcp kl dil|q2

  é{godir l{ nfrcgdiplr dg {lrcinfdfhil héfhrguaiw|l$ ln `fddgofrg{ifn gzl` d’Fi`l w|éoé`fip kl dgdgnh|l rgnègipl2

  fiìgdiplr dlp nfcp kl dil|q2

  ki|plr dg nfcln`dg{|rl héfhrguaiw|l fiìlddl k| W|éol`2

  kfnnlr pfn gzip g| hf|zlrnlcln{ p|r {f|{l w|lp{ifn w|l `ld|i#ì d|i pf|cl{ ln cg{iárl kl

{fufnycil.

Dg @fccippifn ul|{ =

  kfnnlr pfn gzip g| hf|zlrnlcln{ l{ g|q g|{rlp frhgnipclp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn p|r {f|{l w|lp{ifnrldg{izl å dg {fufnycil2

  kgnp dlp {lrri{firlp nfn frhgnipép$ nfcclr dlp dil|q héfhrguaiw|lp f| ln àgnhlr dlp nfcp2

  gzl` d’gppln{icln{ kl d’frhgnipcl kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn gygn{ |nl `fcué{ln`l `fn`|rrln{l$ ké{lrcinlrf| àgnhlr dl nfc kl {f|{ dil| p|r |n {lrri{firl c|niìugd df`gd.

Dlp nfcp guurf|zép f| àfipip ugr dg @fccippifn g| `f|rp kl d’gnnél kfizln{ í{rl u|odiép$ g| cfinp

|nl fip d’gn$ å dg Hg}l{{l fjìlddl k| W|éol`. Idp klzilnnln{ k’lcudfi fodihg{firl kgnp dlp kf`|cln{p

l{ dlp {lq{lp kl d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn l{ klp frhgnipclp ugrgu|odi`p$ kgnp dg pihngdipg{ifn rf|{iárl$ kgnp

d’gjàghl u|odi` ginpi w|l kgnp dlp f|zrghlp k’lnplihnlcln{$ kl frcg{ifn f| kl rlàlràl u|odiép

g| W|éol` l{ guurf|zép ugr dl cinip{rl kl d’Ék|`g{ifn$ k| Dfipir l{ k| Pufr{.



7 @fccippifn kl {fufnycil

_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{izi{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL7:

7.? @fn{lq{lDg {fufnycil$ ipp|l k| cgrighl é`fnk kl dg héfhrguail l{ kl dg dgnh|l$ kfi{ urlnkrl ln `fcu{l l{

cl{{rl ln rldil dlp kiclnpifnp héfhrguaiw|l l{ `|d{|rlddl klp nfcp kl dil|q.

K’|nl ugr{$ dg nfrcgdipg{ifn klp nfcp héfhrguaiw|lp `fn`f|r{ g| rluérghl klp dil|q kgnp d’lpug`l$

fn`{ifn lppln{ilddl uf|r gpp|rlr dg pé`|ri{é klp ulrpfnnlp$ dg hlp{ifn klp rlppf|r`lp ng{|rlddlp$ dg w|gdi{é

kl dg `gr{fhrguail$ l{ uf|r gìdi{lr dlp `fcc|ni`g{ifnp kl d’É{g{ gzl` plp ì{fylnp l{ ì{fylnnlp. Dlp

of|dlzlrplcln{p p|rzln|p kgnp dl cfnkl c|niìugd g| `f|rp klp klrniárlp gnnélp fn{ g|ppi pf|dlzé

kl zizlp inw|ié{|klp g| àgui{rl kl dg hlp{ifn klp nfcp kl zfilp kl `fcc|ni`g{ifn. Kgnp `l `fn{lq{l

fù dlp c|niìugdi{ép kfizln{ agrcfniplr dlp fkfnyclp p|r dl|r nf|zlg| {lrri{firl$ dg @fccippifn g dlklzfir kl zliddlr å dg uréplrzg{ifn k| ug{ricfinl {fufnyciw|l df`gd ginpi w|’å dg w|gdi{é kl dg nf|zlddl

{fufnycil urfufpél.

K’g|{rl ugr{$ dl {fufnycl gzfripl d’lqurlppifn$ g| cfyln k’|n clppghl dinh|ip{iw|l$ k| `fn{ln| `|d{|rld

l{ aip{friw|l k’|nl urépln`l a|cginl puéìw|l.

Ginpi$ dg @fccippifn g``frkl |nl g{{ln{ifn {f|{l ugr{i`|d iárl g| zipghl rgn`fuafnl kl dg {fuf#

nycil w|éoé`fipl$ nf{gccln{ ln p’gpp|rgn{ w|l dlp édécln{p hénériw|lp klp nfcp kl dil|q pfn{

ln rgnègip.

Dg @fccippifn kfi{ négncfinp rlpul`{lr dg kf|odl ng{|rl klp nfcp kl dil|q ln ulrcl{{gn{ éhgdlcln{

d’lqurlppifn kl d’ikln{i{é kl àg`|nl klp `fcc|ng|{ép w|i `fcufpln{ dl W|éol` cfklrnl. Dlp puéì#w|lp {rgk|ipln{ kfn` kl gèfn pihni`g{izl klp {rgi{p kip{in`{ip kl dg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl$ nf{gccln{

dlp ugr{i`|dgripclp k| rgnègip w|éoé`fip l{ dlp cf{p k| ugypghl héfhrguaiw|l w|i guugr{ilnnln{ g|

rgnègip ugrdé g| W|éol`. Dg {fufnycil k| W|éol` pl zl|{ éhgdlcln{ dl rljl{ kl d’guufr{ kl dg `fcc|#

ng|{é w|éoé`fipl k’lqurlppifn gnhdgipl ginpi w|l klp ul|udlp g|{fà{fnlp l{ klp g|{rlp cinfri{ép w|i

`fn{rio|ln{ å girl dl W|éol` k’g|mf|rk’a|i. Id `fnziln{ kl pf|dihnlr w|l dlp ufdi{iw|lp l{ dlp nfrclp kl

dg @fccippifn pfn{ inpuirélp klp répfd|{ifnp klp `fnérln`lp klp Ng{ifnp |nilp p|r dg nfrcgdipg{ifn

klp nfcp héfhrguaiw|lp.

Ugr giddl|rp$ ln `l w|i `fn`lrnl dl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl$ dg @fccippifn$ w|i lp{ zipél ugr dg Dfi p|r

dl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl l{ ugr dg P{rg{éhil hf|zlrnlcln{gdl kl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl ?551#?570$

pl pln{ ugr{i`|diárlcln{ in{lrulddél ugr dlp édécln{p p|izgn{p = dg urf{l`{ifn k| ug{ricfinl `|d{|rld l{

d’g``áp g| pgzfir$ d’gcénghlcln{ l{ dl kézldfuulcln{ k| {lrri{firl kl gèfn k|rgodl l{ in{éhrél ginpi w|ldg pg|zlhgrkl l{ dl ugr{ghl k| ug{ricfinl `fddl`{i. Dlp klcgnklp w|l dlp frhgnipclp rlpufnpgodlp

kl dg hlp{ifn k| {lrri{firl l{ klp rlppf|r`lp ng{|rlddlp gkrlppln{ å dg @fccippifn uf|r kénfcclr dlp

nf|zlg|q {lrri{firlp å uréplrzlr$ {ldp w|l dlp réplrzlp ng{|rlddlp$ dlp girlp urf{éhélp l{ dlp réplrzlp kl

oifkizlrpi{é$ p’inp`rizln{ kgnp d’lpuri{ kl `l{{l dfi l{ kl `l{{l p{rg{éhil.






7.0 @diln{ádlpDlp cgnkg{p `fnép å dg @fccippifn {f|àln{ d’lnplcodl kl dg ufu|dg{ifn w|éoé`fipl$ dlp nfcp kl

dil|q `fnp{i{|gn{ klp ufin{p k’gn`rghl urfurlp å àgw|l ulrpfnnl.

Dg @fccippifn pl cl{ g| plrzi`l kl {f|p dlp cinip{árlp l{ frhgnipclp |{idipg{l|rp l{ rldgyl|rp kl dg

{fufnycil ginpi w|l kl {f|{lp dlp c|niìugdi{ép$ w|i pfn{ rlpufnpgodlp kl àfipir dl nfc kl dl|rp zfilp

kl `fcc|ni`g{ifn.

Ginpi$ dlp {rgzg|q kl dg @fccippifn pfn{ inkipulnpgodlp uf|r dl cinip{árl klp _lppf|r lp ng{|rlddlp l{

kl dg Jg|nl$ kgnp pg hlp{ifn klp frí{p$ klp cinlp l{ klp }fnlp k’lqudfi{g{ifn `fn{rûdél !}l`p)2 uf|r dl

cinip{árl k| Kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl$ kl d’Lnzirfnnlcln{ l{ klp Ugr`p$ kgnp pg hlp{ifn klp réplrzlp kl

oifkizlrpi{é$ klp cidil|q ng{|rldp urf{éhép l{ klp ogrrghlp2 uf|r dl cinip{árl kl dg @|d{|rl$ klp @fcc|#

ni`g{ifnp l{ kl dg @fnki{ifn écininl$ kgnp pfn {rgi{lcln{ klp oilnp `|d{|rldp `dgppép2 l{ lnn uf|r dg

@fccippifn kl dg rlurépln{g{ifn édl`{frgdl$ w|i kfi{ klcgnklr å dg @fccippifn pfn gzip w|gn{ g|q

nfcp klp ìr`fnp`riu{ifnp édl`{frgdlp. Dg {fufnycil `fnp{i{|l éhgdlcln{ |n f|{id lppln{ild g|q {rgzg|q

k| cinip{árl kl dg Pé`|ri{é u|odiw|l$ rlpufnpgodl kl dg pé`|ri{é klp ì{fylnp l{ ì{fylnnlp2 å `l|q k|

cinip{árl klp [rgnpufr{p$ ln `l w|i g {rgi{ å dg pihngdipg{ifn rf|{iárl2 å `l|q k| cinip{árl klp Ggirlp

c|niìugdlp$ klp _éhifnp l{ kl d’F``|ug{ifn k| {lrri{firl$ rlpufnpgodl klp hrgnklp réfrhgnipg{ifnp

{lrri{frigdlp2 ginpi w|’å `l|q k| Kirl`{l|r hénérgd klp édl`{ifnp uf|r w|i dg @fccippifn zgdikl dl `fn{ln|

{fufnyciw|l kl ogplp kl kfnnélp. Dg @fccippifn f|rni{ éhgdlcln{ klp gzip rldg{ip å dg w|gdi{é kl dg

{fufnycil urépln{l kgnp dlp cgn|ldp p`fdgirlp$ w|i kfizln{ í{rl guurf|zép ugr dg cinip{rl kl d’Ék|`g{ifn$

k| Dfipir l{ k| Pufr{.

Ugr giddl|rp$ dg _éhil kl d’gpp|rgn`l cgdgkil k| W|éol` l{ dg @fccippifn kl dg pgn{é l{ kl dg pé`|ri{é

k| {rgzgid `fcu{ln{ ln{rl g|{rlp p|r dg @fccippifn uf|r zgdiklr dg {fufnycil |{idipél kgnp dl|rp àilrp

k’gkrlpplp.

Jingdlcln{$ hrï`l urinìugdlcln{ å pfn plrzi`l kl ki|pifn ln dihnl klp nfcp kl dil|q fjìldp l{

klp nfrclp w|i ogdipln{ dl|r àfiq l{ dl|r é`ri{|rl$ dg @fccippifn réufnk g|q olpfinp k’infrcg{ifn

{fufnyciw|l klp i{fylnp l{ i{fylnnlp$ cgip éhgdlcln{ å l|q kl d’ink|p{ril {f|rip{iw|l l{ klp ln{rl#

uriplp puéìgdipélp kgnp klp kfcginlp `fccl dg rézipifn kl kf`|cln{p$ dlp dlzép héfuaypiw|lp$ dg

urfk|`{ifn kl cg{érild héfhrguaiw|l f| `gr{fhrguaiw|l.

Pgil}#f|p w|l...

Dg {fufnycil mf|l |n rûdl kl rl|hl uf|rklp {lrclp k| rgnègip ugrdé g| W|éol`$`fccl ogrogppiárl$ `gof|rfn$ kéof|dip$é`fràip$ rlnzlrpip$ w|i pfn{ kl nfp mf|rpkipugr|p f| urlpw|l kl d’|pghl$ cgip {f|mf|rpurépln{p kgnp g| cfinp |n nfc kl dil|.




_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{izi{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL71

7.; Plrzi`lp$ u|odi`g{ifnp l{ f|{idpUf|r réufnkrl g|q olpfinp kl plp |pghlrp$ dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil cl{ å dl|r kipufpi{ifn dlp

plrzi`lp$ u|odi`g{ifnp l{ f|{idp p|izgn{p =

  klp fnp|d{g{ifnp ulrpfnngdipélp2

  klp gzip {làniw|lp2

  klp zgdikg{ifnp kl iàilrp k’gkrlpplp2

  dg ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q [fufp$ w|i ki|pl$ ln dihnl$ dlp nfcp kl dil|q fiìldp k| W|éol` ginpi w|l

dlp nfcp kl dil|q w|i fn{ kémå é{é fiìldp l{ w|i fn{ é{é rlcudg`ép$ f|rni{ klp kfnnélp {làniw|lpl{ infrcl p|r d’frihinl klp nfcp ki|pép2

  klp ughlp Xlo w|i rlnplihnln{ p|r dlp ufdi{iw|lp {fufnyciw|lp$ dlp `ri{árlp kl àfiq l{ dlp ráhdlpk’é`ri{|rl klp nfcp kl dil|q2

  klp u|odi`g{ifnp ln dihnl f| icuricélp$ kfn{ dl ki`{ifnngirl idd|p{ré Nfcp l{ dil|q k| W|éol`$ dl H|iklkl d’giàghl fkfnyciw|l l{ klp réulr{firlp w|i urépln{ln{ dg {fufnycil kl piq ng{ifnp g|{fà{fnlp2

  |n `ln{rl kl kf`|cln{g{ifn puéìgdipél ln {fufnycil w|i rlhrf|ul uráp kl 8 555 zfd|clp l{?< uérifkiw|lp puéìgdipép kgnp klp kfcginlp {ldp w|l dg hénégdfhil$ dg héfhrguail$ d’aip{firl l{ dg{lrcinfdfhil.

7.< Frhgnipg{ifn G| 07 cgrp ?577$ dlp plu{ ufp{lp kl clcorlp nfccép ugr dl hf|zlrnlcln{ ln zlr{| kl dg @agr{l é{giln{

f``|uép ugr Ccl Df|ipl Cgràgnk$ urépikln{l kl d’frhgnipcl$ C. Mlgn#_lné @û{é$ Ccl @grfdinl Klpoilnp$

C. Cg{{alx H. Ag{zgny$ C. Mg`w|lp Dg`f|rpiárl$ C. Mfâd Picfnnl{ l{ Ccl Df|ipl Pdg{lr.

Pgil}#f|p w|l...

Dg @fccippifn g rlè|$ l{{l gnnél$7;; urfufpi{ifnp kl dg ufu|dg{ifn uf|rnfcclr klp dil|q.






Frhgnihrgccl kl dg @fccippifn g| 07 cgrp ?577

CLCO_LPKL DG @FCCIPPIFN

Df|ipl Cgr`agnk

Mlgn#_lné @û{é

@grfdinl Klpoilnp

Cg{{alx H. Ag{zgny

Mg`w|lp Dg`f|rpiárl

Mfâd Picfnnl{

Df|ipl Pdg{lr

Inzln{girl

l{

{rgi{lcln{

CINIP[_L

@arip{inl P{#Uilrrl

U_ÉPIKLN[LDf|ipl Cgr`agnk

KI_L@[L\_ u. i. Gnkré Hghnfn

Plrzi`lp å dg

`diln{ádl l{

`fcc|ni`g{ifnp

PL@_É[GI_L

Kgnilddl [|r`f{{l

Pl`ré{grig{

F`l w|éoé`fip kl dg

dgnh|l rgnègipl




_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{izi{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL?5

U|ipw|’id in`fcol å d’F`l kl f|rnir å dg @fccippifn {f|{ dl pf|{iln gkcinip{rg{i né`lppgirl å dg régdi#

pg{ifn kl pg cippifn$ dg rlkki{ifn kl fcu{lp ulr{inln{l lp{ urépln{él kgnp dl rguufr{ gnn|ld kl hlp{ifn

kl d’F`l. Id ln lp{ kl cícl uf|r `l w|i g {rgi{ å d’guudi`g{ifn klp fodihg{ifnp déhipdg{izlp l{ hf|zlrnl#

cln{gdlp `fn`lrngn{ nf{gccln{ dg cipl ln Ő|zrl kl dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l$ kl dg Dfi p|r d’g``áp g|q

kf`|cln{p klp frhgnipclp u|odi`p l{ p|r dg urf{l`{ifn klp rlnplihnlcln{p ulrpfnnldp ginpi w|l kl dg

Dfi p|r dl kézldfuulcln{ k|rgodl !pg|$ kgnp `l klrnilr `gp$ g| rlhgrk klp édécln{p w|i `fn`lrnln{ dg

cippifn {fufnyciw|l urfurlcln{ ki{l). Dg @fccippifn l{ d’F`l fn{$ ln ll{$ `afipi kl ugr{ghlr dl|rp

ufdi{iw|lp l{ dl|rp rlppf|r`lp ln `lp cg{iárlp.

Pgil}#f|p w|l...

Dg hlp{ifn klp {fufnyclp kfi{ p’guu|ylr p|r klp nfrclpin{lrng{ifngdlcln{ rl`fnn|lp. Dlp hrgnklp ng{ifnp d’fn{`fnp{g{é l{$ uf|r régdiplr d’foml`{i k’|nl nfrcgdipg{ifnfu{icgdl$ lddlp {ilnnln{ klp `fnérln`lp g| plin klp Ng{ifnp

|nilp klu|ip 79:8. Dg @fccippifn y g {f|mf|rp ugr{i`iué$ gzl`dg kédéhg{ifn `gngkilnnl$ kl cícl w|’g|q {rgzg|q k| Hrf|ulk’lqulr{p klp Ng{ifnp |nilp uf|r dlp nfcp héfhrguaiw|lp.



?

_égdipg{ifnp kl dg @fccippifn ugr rguufr{

g|q foml`{ijp k| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;





Pfccgirl klp rép|d{g{p ?575#?577

Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ?@iodlr l{ ofniilr d’frl dinh|ip{iw|l$ {lrcinfdfhiw|l

l{ {fufnyciw|l

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.0 Dg nfcln`dg{|rl héfhrguaiw|l


?.0.7 Jgzfriplr dg cipl å mf|r klp kfnnélp{fufnyciw|lp kl`lr{ginp {lrri{firlp

_éugr{i{ifnklp {fufnyclp cipå mf|r pldfndlp {lrri{firlp rl{ln|p

[lrri{firlp c|niìug|qkfn{ dlp kfppilrpk’fjìgdipg{ifn f|k’agrcfnipg{ifnpfn{ in`fcudl{p

< 7?1 ; ?<

[lrri{firlp klp ugr`png{ifng|q urfml{ép

8: ; ?<

[lrri{firlp agoi{ép f|réw|ln{ép ugrdlp Ci`cg`p

; ; ?<

?.0.? Urizidéhilr d’inzln{girlf| dg cipl ln zgdl|rkl lr{ginp ug{ricfinlp{fufnyciw|lp

_éugr{i{ifnklp {fufnyclp ki|pépp|r dl Xlopldfn dg dgnh|l

Ug{ricfinl g|{fà{fnl 0 ; ?8

?.0.0 P’gpp|rlr w|l dg ud|ugr{klp nf{lp p|r d’frihinlf| dg pihnij`g{ifn klpnfcp kl dil|q fn{ {rgi{å dg nfcln`dg{|rlfjìlddl kl dgnh|lrgnègipl

Uf|r`ln{ghl klnf{lp `fnpg`rélp å dgnfcln`dg{|rl fjìlddl7 kl dgnh|l rgnègipl

15 , 10$: , ; ?1

7. Cfkij`g{ifn guufr{él å dg rékg`{ifn

déhlnkl

; foml`{i g{{lin{ f| kéugppé 1 kéj å rldlzlr å zlnir



?;

Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ;Cl{{rl ln zgdl|r dg ufdi{iw|l dinh|ip{iw|l w|éoé`fipl

l{ `édéorlr dg zi{gdi{é k| rgnègip



;.?.0 Pf|dihnlr d’guufr{rlcgrw|godl ln gzl|rkl dg dgnh|l rgnègiplkl ulrpfnnlp$ kl

hrf|ulp$ k’frhgnipclpf| k’ln{rluriplp

Dip{l klp uriq$klp dg|rég{p l{klp képihng{ifnp{fufnyciw|lp

`fccécfrg{izlp

P. F. G|`|nl 1 ?9

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.0 D’lqulr{ipl {fufnyciw|l


;.0.7 Cl{{rl ln zgdl|rdl pgzfir#girl k|W|éol` ln cg{iárl kl{fufnycil

Ugr{i`iug{ifnå kizlrplp g`{izi{ép

G| cfinp < ugr gnnél < ; 05

;.0.? @édéorlr$ ln ?57?$dlp 755 gnp k’g`{izi{ékl hlp{ifn klp nfcpkl dil|q k| W|éol`

Kéuû{k| urfhrgcclklp g`{izi{ép

07 ké`lcorl ?577 Kéuû{ll`{|é

; 05

_égdipg{ifnk| urfhrgccl

?57? P. F. 05

déhlnkl

; foml`{i g{{lin{ f| kéugppé 1 kéj å rldlzlr å zlnir

_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{ii{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL



_égdipg{ifnp kl dg @fccippifn ugr rguufr{g|q foml`{ijp k| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;?



Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ?@r { fjr ’fr p{$ {rcff

{ {ffyc

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ?.0 Dg nfcln`dg{|rl héfhrguaiw|l

?.0.7 Jgfriplr dg cipl å mf|r klp kfnnélp {fufnyciw|lp kl `lr{ginp {lrri{firlp

@fn{lq{l = D’inzln{girl klp nfcp kl dil|q lp{ |nl {ïàl inin{lrrfcu|l$ ugr`l w|’lddl kéulnk kl d’f``|#

ug{ifn k| {lrri{firl$ w|i zgril kgnp dl {lcup gzl` |nl in{lnpi`g{ifn urfhrlppizl kl d’g`{izi{é a|cginl$

nf{gccln{ kgnp dlp kfcginlp kl d’énlrhil$ klp cinlp$ kl dg frí{ l{ k| {f|ripcl kgnp dl Nfrk#k|#W|éol`$fù d’fn g olpfin k’|n nfcorl kl ud|p ln ud|p hrgnk kl nfcp kl dil|q uf|r pl rluérlr p|r dlp `gr{lp

héfhrguaiw|lp$ l{ ugr`l w|l d’|pghl klp {fufnyclp ugr plp agoi{gn{p ul|{ zgrilr k’|nl hénérg{ifn å

d’g|{rl. Dlp olpfinp ugr{i`|dilrp pl rguufr{gn{ å d’gcénghlcln{ k| {lrri{firl !nf{gccln{ dg képihng{ifn

fìlddl klp dil|q k’in{érí{ c|niìugd g|{rlp w|l dlp zfilp kl `fcc|ni`g{ifn ‐ ugr lqlcudl$ klp éki`lp$

klp oï{icln{p$ klp ugr`p u|odi`p$ klp uip{lp `y`dgodlp$ klp oldzékárlp ‐ l{ d’lnriàipplcln{ k| réplg|

klp ugr`p ng{ifng|q l{ klp réplrzlp kl oifkizlrpi{é) ginpi w|l dlp olpfinp diép å dg pé`|ri{é$ å dg zipioidi{é

inp|pgn{l k| ug{ricfinl kl `lr{ginlp `fcc|ng|{ép f| å d’gnìlnnl{é kl dg klrniárl fuérg{ifn k’inzln#

{girl kgnp |nl réhifn kfnnél friln{ln{ dl àfiq klp }fnlp å urifriplr kgnp dl urf`lpp|p kl cipl å mf|r

`fn{in|l klp kfnnélp {fufnyciw|lp.

Foml`{i ?.0.7 Jgzfriplr dg cipl å mf|r klp kfnnélp {fufnyciw|lp kl `lr{ginp {lrri{firlp


_éugr{i{ifn klp {fufnyclp cip å mf|r pldfn dlp {lrri{firlp rl{ln|p

[lrri{firlp c|niìug|q kfn{dlp kfppilrp k’fjìgdipg{ifn f|k’agrcfnipg{ifn pfn{ in`fcudl{p

< 7?1

[lrri{firlp klp ugr`p ng{ifng|qurfml{ép

8:

[lrri{firlp agoi{ép f| réw|ln{ép ugrdlp Ci`cg`p

;

@fccln{girl = @lr{ginp {yulp kl {lrri{firlp fn{ gi{ d’foml{ kl {rgzg|q ugr{i`|dilrp.



?_égdipg{ifnp kl dg @fccippifn ugr rguufr{g|q foml`{ijp k| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;

_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{ii{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL?:

[lrri{firlp c|niìug|q kfn{ dlp kfppilrp k’fjìgdipg{ifn f| k’agrcfnipg{ifnpfn{ in`fcudl{p

Dlp < 7?1 {fufnyclp {rgi{ép f| kfn{ d’infrcg{ifn p’y rguufr{gn{ kgnp dg Ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q k|

W|éol` g é{é cipl å mf|r urfzilnnln{ klp ?0 c|niìugdi{ép? ìodélp g| `f|rp kl d’gnnél ?575#?577. Dlp

{fufnyclp gngdypép kgnp dlp {lrri{firlp c|niìug|q ìodép urfzilnnln{ kl c|niìugdi{ép w|i fn{ kécfn{ré

|nl f|zlr{|rl å d’ikél kl cl{{rl å mf|r dl|r nfcln`dg{|rl {fufnyciw|l l{ kl `lddlp w|i fn{ gcfr`é f|

{lrciné dl|r urf`ék|rl k’agrcfnipg{ifn å dg p|i{l kl rlhrf|ulcln{p. Kl ud|p$ ud|pil|rp klcgnklp ufn`#

{|lddlp gngdypélp fn{ `fn{rio|é å dg cipl å mf|r klp kfnnélp$ ln{rl g|{rlp `lddl kl _f|yn#Nfrgnkg uf|r

d’agrcfnipg{ifn kl pg nfcln`dg{|rl fkfnyciw|l$ `lddl kl W|éol` uf|r dg cipl å mf|r kl plp kfnnélp

rldg{izlp å d’frihinl l{ å dg pihni`g{ifn kl plp fkfnyclp$ `lddl kl Hg{inlg| uf|r d’fìgdipg{ifn kl plpnfcp kl ugr`p u|odi`p l{ `lddl kl Ofnnl#Lpuérgn`l uf|r pg nfcln`dg{|rl fkfnyciw|l.

[lrri{firlp klp ugr`p ng{ifng|q urfml{ép

Dg @fccippifn g cip å mf|r {rfip àlp w|i pl rguufr{ln{ å g|{gn{ kl nfcp kl dil|q pi{|ép p|r dl {lrri{firl

k| |{|r ugr` ng{ifngd [|rp|m|w.

Kl ud|p$ lddl g ll`{|é klp {rgzg|q w|i {f|àln{ klp nfcp kl dil|q `fcurip kgnp dlp dici{lp kl ugr`p

ng{ifng|q `réép ré`lccln{ = kl|q àlp {fufnyciw|lp w|i `fn`lrnln{ kl|q dil|q k| ugr` ng{ifngd

B||r|rm|gw l{ |nl àl uf|r |n {fufnycl dié g| ugr` ng{ifngd klp Uinh|gd|i{. Lnn$ d’lnw|í{l clnél

kgnp dg réhifn k| ugr` ng{ifngd k| Dg`#[écip`f|g{g gzgi{ ulrcip kl rl`|liddir ?:5 nfcp kl dil|q ln ?5512

klp kfnnélp `fn`lrngn{ 85 {fufnyclp kl `l {lrri{firl fn{ gi{ d’foml{ k’|nl cipl å mf|r k|rgn{ d’lqlrì`l.

[lrri{firlp agoi{ép f| réw|ln{ép ugr dlp Ci`cg`p

Dl urfml{ zipgn{ å lnriàir dg Ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol` kl {fufnyclp ci`cg`p kéo|{lrg

g|ppi{û{ w|’id y g|rg ln{ln{l p|r dlp {lrclp k’|n `fn{rg{ kl plrzi`lp urflppifnnldp. Dlp kécgràlp pl

uf|rp|izrfn{ k|rgn{ dg urfàginl gnnél ngnìárl. Dlp w|g{rl {fufnyclp kl dgnh|l ci`cgw|l kfn{

d’infrcg{ifn g é{é cipl å mf|r gipgiln{ kémå ugr{il kl dg ogpl kl kfnnélp kl dg @fccippifn. Dlp in{lr#

zln{ifnp w|i fn{ l| dil| å dl|r p|ml{ pfn{ u|rlcln{ {làniw|lp.

?. Olg`fnpjldk$ Olg|agrnfip$ Ofnnl#Lpuérgn`l$ @û{l#Pgin{#D|`$ Kfddgrk#Klp Frclg|q$ Kfrzgd$ Kr|ccfnkziddl$ Hg{inlg|$ Hrg`ljldk$Mfdil{{l$ Dézip$ Cgp`f|àl$ Cfn{régd$ W|éol`$ _luln{ihny$ _f|yn#Nfrgnkg$ Pgh|lngy$ Pgin{l#Ghg{al#klp#Cfn{p$ Pgin{#Lpuri{$Pgin{#L|p{gàl$ Pgin{#Hgorild#kl#Orgnkfn$ Pgin{#Hlfrhlp l{ Pagxinihgn.





?.0.? Uriidéhilr d’inln{girl f| dg cipl ln gdl|r kl `lr{ginp ug{ricfinlp{fufnyciw|lp

@fn{lq{l = Kgnp dl `fn{lq{l klp néhfìg{ifnp ln{rluriplp ugr dl hf|zlrnlcln{ gzl` kiérln{lp ng{ifnp

g|{fà{fnlp$ dg @fccippifn cl{ urfhrlppizlcln{ ln udg`l klp clp|rlp w|i zipln{ å gpp|rlr |nl clid#

dl|rl zipioidi{é kl dl|r ug{ricfinl {fufnyciw|l$ pgnp gd{érlr d’lppln{ild k| zipghl rgnègip k| W|éol` p|r

dlp `gr{lp héfhrguaiw|lp.

Foml`{i ?.0.? Urizidéhilr d’inzln{girl f| dg cipl ln zgdl|r kl `lr{ginp ug{ricfinlp {fufnyciw|lp


Nfcorl Frihinl dinh|ip{iw|l

_éugr{i{ifn klp {fufnyclpki|pép p|r dl Xlopldfn dg dgnh|l

Ug{ricfinl g|{fà{fnl 0 Cfn{ghngipl !inn|l)

@fccln{girl = Dg @fccippifn g fìgdipé$ ln ?575#?577$ {rfip {fufnyclp inn|p rl`|liddip dfrp k’|nl

lnw|í{l clnél p|r dg Ogppl#@û{l#Nfrk ln ?559. @lp nfcp kl dil|q gzgiln{ é{é uré`éklccln{ zgdikép

ugr dl `fnplid kl ognkl inn| `fn`lrné. Dl|r ki|pifn p|r dl Xlo$ kgnp dg Ognw|l kl nfcp kl dil|q k|

W|éol`$ `fn`f|r{ å dl|r cipl ln zgdl|r.

Ugr giddl|rp$ g| `f|rp k’|nl lnw|í{l {fufnyciw|l clnél g| [écip`gcinh|l$ dlp rlurépln{gn{p kl dg

@fccippifn fn{ rln`fn{ré klp clcorlp kl dg `fcc|ng|{é gdhfnw|inl kl Blogfxlb. @l|q#ì fn{

`fnrcé d’|pghl kl `lr{ginp nfcp$ ln ud|p kl f|rnir g|q lnw|í{l|rp kl nf|zlg|q {fufnyclp$ kl cícl

w|l d’frihinl l{ dg pihni`g{ifn kl nfcp kl dil|q. Kl ud|p$ |n rlurépln{gn{ kl dg `fcc|ng|{é gdhfnw|inl

kl Uibfhgn$ ln Goi{ioi$ g f|rni å dg @fccippifn <7 {fufnyclp$ ginpi w|l klp rlnplihnlcln{p p|r dl|r

frihinl l{ dl|r pihni`g{ifn.


Pgil}#f|p w|l...Dg @fccippifn g fìgdipé$ ln`frl `l{{lgnnél$ klp nfcp kl dil|q w|i rguulddln{dl pf|zlnir kl ulrpfnngdi{ép w|éoé`fiplp$ugr lqlcudl = Udg`l Picfnnl#Cfnl{#@agr{rgnk$ Ugr` Pfdgnhl#@agu|{#_fddgnk$_|l Yfdgnk#H|érgrk$ Ugr` _folr{#D’Alroilr$_|l Yzfn#K|rlddl.



?1_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{ii{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL

?.0.0 P’gpp|rlr w|l dg ud|ugr{ klp nf{lp p|r d’frihinl l{ dg pihnij`g{ifn klpnfcp kl dil|q fn{ {rgi{ å dg nfcln`dg{|rl fjìlddl kl dgnh|l rgnègipl

@fn{lq{l = Dg nl|ziácl @fnérln`l klp Ng{ifnp |nilp p|r dg nfrcgdipg{ifn klp nfcp héfhrguaiw|lp

!Nlx Yfrb$ ?558) g rl`fccgnké g|q g|{fri{ép {fufnyciw|lp k| cfnkl kl ki|plr d’frihinl l{ dg pihni#

`g{ifn klp nfcp kl dil|q$ lp{icgn{ w|l `lp kfnnélp$ {f|{ `fccl dlp {fufnyclp l|q#cíclp$ fn{ ugr{il

klp ug{ricfinlp ng{ifng|q. Id icufr{l kfn` w|l dg nfcln`dg{|rl fìlddl k| W|éol`$ l{ ln ugr{i`|dilr

`lddl kl dgnh|l rgnègipl$ w|i frcl d’grcg{|rl kl d’ikln{i{é kl dg pfìé{é w|éoé`fipl$ pfi{ urépln{l p|r dl

Xlo kgnp |nl urfufr{ifn w|i ln hgrgn{ippl |nl m|p{l zipioidi{é.

Foml`{i ?.0.0 P’gpp|rlr w|l dg ud|ugr{ klp nf{lp p|r d’frihinl f| dg pihni`g{ifn klp nfcpkl dil|q fn{ {rgi{ å dg nfcln`dg{|rl fìlddl kl dgnh|l rgnègipl


Uf|r`ln{ghl kl nf{lp `fnpg`rélp ådg nfcln`dg{|rl fjìlddl kl dgnh|lrgnègipl

15 , 10$: ,

@fccln{girl = G| 07 cgrp ?577$ 10$: , klp 88 8;? nf{lp p|r d’frihinl l{ dg pihni`g{ifn klp nfcp kl

dil|q diélp å klp {fufnyclp fìldp pl rguufr{giln{ å klp nfcp kl dil|q fìldp kl dgnh|l rgnègipl.

@l uf|r`ln{ghl kéugppl kl uráp kl ; ufin{p d’foml`{i kl 15 ,.

?_égdipg{ifnp kl dg @fccippifn ugr rguufr{g|q foml`{ijp k| udgn p{rg{éhiw|l ?559#?57;

Pgzil}#zf|p w|l...

Dg `|zél kl nfcp w|l dg @fccippifn g fìg#dipép ln ?575#?577 `fcu{l ud|pil|rp kénfci#ng{ifnp pgzf|rl|plp = Dl Ol` @lr`dé !|nl îdl)$Cfrnl @grré kl [lrrl !|nl `fddinl)$ Ugr` kldg @agppl#Hgdlril$ @alcin kl dg Kgc#Oròdél$

_guiklp å Kf|lddlp$ l{`.






Friln{g{ifn p{rg{éhiw|l ;C{{r zr f{ p{ `fp

{ `rr z{{ rèp


@fn{lq{l = Ugrci dlp képihng{ifnp {fufnyciw|lp fccécfrg{izlp w|’lddl {rgi{l$ dg @fccippifn ufr{l |nl

g{{ln{ifn ugr{i`|diárl g|q ulrpfnnlp l{ g|q g`{l|rp pfìg|q kfn{ d’guufr{ å dg dgnh|l rgnègipl g é{é rlcgr#

w|godl. Ginpi$ klu|ip ?55<$ dg @fccippifn rlcl{ |n uriq å |n hrf|ul$ å |n frhgnipcl$ å |nl c|niìugdi{é

f| å |nl ln{rluripl w|i cgnilp{l dl pf|ì k’|{idiplr l{ kl ki|plr |nl {fufnycil kl w|gdi{é.

Foml`{i ;.?.0 Pf|dihnlr d’guufr{ rlcgrw|godl ln gzl|r kl dg dgnh|l rgnègipl kl ulrpfnnlp$

kl hrf|ulp$ k’frhgnipclp f| k’ln{rluriplp


Dip{l klp uriq$ klp dg|rég{p l{klp képihng{ifnp {fufnyciw|lp`fccécfrg{izlp

P. F. G|`|n dg|rég{

@fccln{girl = Dg @fccippifn n’g rlcip g|`|n Céri{l k| rgnègip ln {fufnycil g| `f|rp kl

d’lqlrì`l.

Gql k’in{lrln{ifn ;.0 D’lqulr{ipl {fufnyciw|l

@fn{lq{l = @réél ln 797?$ dg @fccippifn kipufpl k’|n pgzfir#girl fnpikérgodl kgnp |n kfcginl puéìg#

dipé$ gèfnné g| `f|rp kl urlpw|l |n piá`dl. Klu|ip 79:8$ lddl `fddgofrl$ g| plin kl dg kédéhg{ifn `gng#

kilnnl$ g|q {rgzg|q klp `fnérln`lp klp Ng{ifnp |nilp p|r dg nfrcgdipg{ifn klp nfcp héfhrguaiw|lp$ å

`l|q k| Hrf|ul k’lqulr{p klp Ng{ifnp |nilp uf|r dlp nfcp héfhrguaiw|lp l{$ lnn$ å `l|q kl dg Kizipifn

rgn`fuafnl k| Hrf|ul k’lqulr{p$ w|’lddl g `ffnkél gzl` dlp g|{fri{ép {fufnyciw|lp kl dg Jrgn`l. Dg

@fccippifn ugr{iìul gnn|lddlcln{ g|q ré|nifnp kl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil k| @gngkg$ kfn{ lddl

lp{ clcorl. Id lp{ kfn` icufr{gn{ kl uréplrzlr d’lqulr{ipl g`w|ipl g| d k| {lcup$ l{ id p’gzárl {f|{ g|ppi

lppln{ild k’ln cgin{lnir dl rgyfnnlcln{$ w|i `fn{rio|l å dg zipioidi{é k| W|éol` p|r dg p`ánl in{lrng{ifngdl.



Foml`{i ;.0.7 Cl{{rl ln zgdl|r dl pgzfir#girl k| W|éol` ln cg{iárl kl {fufnycil

Foml`{i Inki`g{l|r @iodl _ép|d{g{

Cl{{rl ln zgdl|r dl pgzfir#girl k| W|éol` ln cg{iárlkl {fufnycil

Ugr{iìug{ifn å kizlrplpg`{izi{ép

G| cfinp < ugr gnnél <

@fccln{girl = Ln ?575#?577$ dg @fccippifn g l| d’f``gpifn kl cl{{rl ln zgdl|r pfn lqulr{ipl p|r dlp

{rio|nlp p|izgn{lp =

7. Dg ré|nifn gnn|lddl kl dg @fccippifn kl {fufnycil k| @gngkg !@[@) !Cfn`{fn)2 k|rgn{ d’gnnél$ dg@fccippifn kl {fufnycil k| W|éol` g guufr{é pg `fn{rio|{ifn g|q hrf|ulp kl {rgzgid kl dg @[@ p|rdlp ln{i{ép `|d{|rlddlp l{ p|r dg {fufnycil g|{fà{fnl2

?. Dg ;;l ré|nifn gnn|lddl kl dg Pfìé{é `gngkilnnl k’fnfcgp{iw|l$ {ln|l å d’f``gpifn k| @fnhráp klppìln`lp a|cginlp$ å d’\nizlrpi{é @fn`frkig !Cfn{régd)2

0. Dl Pgdfn klp ugr{lngirlp kl d’Gppfìg{ifn klp kirl`{l|rp c|niìug|q k| W|éol` !W|éol`)2

;. Dg Mf|rnél kl dg `ffuérg{ifn ln infrcg{ifn héfhrguaiw|l !W|éol`)2

<. Dl @fnhráp klp }l`p !Olg|uré).

Foml`{i ;.0.? @édéorlr$ ln ?57?$ dlp 755 gnp k’g`{izi{é kl hlp{ifn klp nfcp kl dil|q k| W|éol`Foml`{i Inki`g{l|r @iodl _ép|d{g{

@édéorlr$ ln ?57?$ dlp755 gnp k’g`{izi{é klhlp{ifn klp nfcp kl dil|qk| W|éol`

Kéuû{ k| urfhrgccl klpg`{izi{ép

07 ké`lcorl ?577 Kéuû{ ll`{|é

_égdipg{ifn k| urfhrgccl ?57? P. F.

@fccln{girl = Ln ?57?$ dg @fccippifn édéorlrg dlp ln{ gnp k’lqip{ln`l k’|n frhgnipcl u|odi` w|éoé#

`fip zf|é å dg hlp{ifn klp nfcp kl dil|q. Ln urézipifn kl `l{ gnnizlrpgirl$ dg @fccippifn g kéufpé dl

urfhrgccl klp g`{izi{ép diélp g| `ln{lngirl dfrp kl dg ré|nifn k| `fci{é kl hlp{ifn$ dl ?0 ézrilr$ l{ g

ll`{|é kizlrp {rgzg|q ln diln gzl` `lddlp#ì.

05_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{ii{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL



7

Fjji`l w|éoé`fip

kl dg dgnh|l jrgnègipl

0

_égdipg{ifnp kl dg @fccippifn ugr rguufr{

å dg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl plrzi`lp g|q `i{fylnp



_égdipg{ifnp kl dg @fccippifn ugr rguufr{å dg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp0



_ép|d{g{pDg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp$ gkfu{él g| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì`l ?550#?55;$ n’g ugp é{é cfkiél

klu|ip.

7. _éufnkrl gl` `dgr{é l{ picudiì{é g|q klcgnklp klp ì{fylnp

Uf|r réufnkrl g|q klcgnklp kl plp |pghlrp$ dg @fccippifn frl |n plrzi`l kl `fnp|d{g{ifnp {fuf#

nyciw|lp ulrpfnngdipé l{ hrg{|i{. Ln ?575#?577$ lddl g rlè| ? 775 klcgnklp réugr{ilp `fccl p|i{.

_éugr{i{ifn klp klcgnklp kl plrzi`lp pldfn dl {yul kl klcgnkl|r0

Klcgnkl|r Nfcorl kl klcgnklpkl plrzi`lp

Gppfìg{ifn f| pfìé{é 7<;

@i{fyln k| W|éol` ;:5

@i{fyln afrp k| W|éol` <

Ln{rluripl f| {rgzgiddl|r g|{fnfcl 81

Cékig urizé 71

Cékig u|odi` 7?

Cinip{árl f| frhgnipcl ékérgd ?9Cinip{árl f| frhgnipcl u|odi` f| ugrgu|odi` w|éoé`fip ?1?

C|niìugdi{é f| C_@ 997

Frhgnipcl p`fdgirl 17

[f{gd ? 775

Dg @fccippifn f|rni{ éhgdlcln{ |n plrzi`l kl zéri`g{ifn gn k’gpp|rlr dg w|gdi{é {fufnyciw|l kl

`lr{ginp kf`|cln{p urfk|i{p ugr d’Gkcinip{rg{ifn. Ln ?575#?577$ lddl g g|ppi ll`{|é dg cipl å mf|r kl

7? àilrp infrcg{iw|lp urfk|i{p ugr dg @fccippifn kl dg pgn{é l{ kl dg pé`|ri{é k| {rgzgid$ w|i `fn{l#

ngiln{ 7 1<9 nfcp kl zfilp kl `fcc|ni`g{ifn.

0. Dlp `g{éhfrilp Gppfìg{ifn f| pfìé{é$ @i{fyln k| W|éol`$ Ln{rluripl f| {rgzgiddl|r g|{fnfcl l{ Cékig urizé `frrlpufnkln{ g|qklp{ing{girlp klp plrzi`lp l{ klp f|{idp kl dg @fccippifn$ g| plnp kl d’gr{i`dl : kl dg Dfi p|r d’gkcinip{rg{ifn u|odiw|l !D_W$ àgu. G#:.57)$w|i uréìpl w|l ¢ dlp plrzi`lp g|q i{fylnp fcurlnnln{$ uf|r d’guudi`g{ifn kl dg urépln{l dfi$ dlp plrzi`lp flr{p å dg ufu|dg{ifn l{ g|qln{rluriplp ².



0_égdipg{ifnp kl dg @fccippifn ugr rguufr{å dg Ké`dgrg{ifn kl plrzi`lp g|q ì{fylnp

_guufr{ gnn|ld k’g`{ii{ép ?575#?577 @FCCIPPIFN KL [FUFNYCIL0;0;

Lddl g$ ln f|{rl$ {rgnpcip g| cinip{árl kl d’Ék|`g{ifn$ k| Dfipir l{ k| Pufr{ pfn gzip g| p|ml{ kl ìnw

cgn|ldp p`fdgirlp kfn{ lddl g zérié dl `fn{ln| {fufnyciw|l.

?. @fnjrclr å pg `diln{ádl dg ré`lu{ifn klp rlw|í{lp2 girl `fnngî{rl å d’ggn`l dlpkg{lp kl plp ré|nifnp2 `fcc|niw|lr plp kéìpifnp g|q in{érlppép å d’in{éril|rk’|n kédgi rgipfnngodl

Dg @fccippifn g g``|pé ré`lu{ifn klp klcgnklp w|i d|i fn{ é{é urépln{élp. Lddl g gnnfn`é å d’gzgn`l

dg kg{l kl àg`|nl klp ré|nifnp klp clcorlp kl dg @fccippifn p|r dg ughl k’g``|lid kl pfn pi{l Xlo.

Kl ud|p$ {f|{lp dlp kéìpifnp uriplp ugr dlp clcorlp ln ?575#?577 fn{ é{é ciplp ln dihnl$ kgnp |n kédgi

n’lq`ékgn{ ugp kiq mf|rp f|zrgodlp. Jingdlcln{$ guráp ag`|nl kl plp ré|nifnp$ dg @fccippifn g infrcé$

ugr `f|rrilr f| ugr `f|rrild$ dlp ulrpfnnlp l{ dlp inp{gn`lp zipélp ugr dlp nfcp w|’lddl g guurf|zép$rlcudg`ép f| rl{irép kl dg nfcln`dg{|rl fìlddl$ f| ln`frl w|i fn{ gi{ d’foml{ k’|n gzip.

0. U|odilr |n gip k’in{ln{ifn kl àgnhlcln{ k’|n nfc kl dil| uf|r rl`|liddird’fuinifn klp in{érlppép pi$ pldfn dg @fccippifn$ `l nfc képihnl |n dil|k’icufr{gn`l f| w|l `l nfc urépln{l |n in{érí{ `lr{gin ln rgipfn kl pg gdl|r`|d{|rlddl f| aip{friw|l

G| `f|rp kl d’lqlrì l$ g|`|n gzip k’in{ln{ifn n’g é{é u|odié.

;. Ln `l w|i `fn`lrnl dlp `fnp|d{g{ifnp ulrpfnngdipélp w|’lddl frl$ gpp|rlr pg`diln{ádl k’|nl réufnpl jgodl l{ lqg`{l p|r#dl#àgcu f|$ g| ud|p {grk$ kgnp dlp

;1 al|rlp p|ign{ dg ré`lu{ifn kl dg klcgnkl$ pi |nl rlàlràl lp{ né`lppgirlDl kédgi kl réufnpl g|q klcgnklp klp ì{fylnp g é{é rlpul`{é kgnp |nl urfufr{ifn kl 95$7 ,.

<. _lnkrl kipufniodl ln {f|{ {lcup d’infrcg{ifn p|r pfn pi{l Xlo$ d’lnriàirréh|diárlcln{ l{ frir |n plri`l k’gppip{gn`l å d’|pghlr k|rgn{ dlp al|rlp klo|rlg|

Dl pi{l Xlo kl dg @fccippifn$ g``lppiodl ln {f|{ {lcup$ g é{é lnriài g| cfinp kl|q fip ugr cfip.

\n plrzi`l k’gppip{gn`l g|q |pghlrp g g|ppi é{é flr{ k|rgn{ dlp al|rlp k’f|zlr{|rl.

Pgil}#f|p w|l...

[f|{lp dlp kl|q plcginlp$ dl pi{l Xlo kldg @fccippifn ki|pl |nl àrfniw|l p|r|n gpul`{ kl dg {fufnycil dié å |n édécln{ kld’g`{|gdi{é f| å d’gnnizlrpgirl k’|n ézénlcln{.

Office québécois de la langue française, 2010-2011

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