Nuclear power - Académie de Versailles...• Comprendre : Lois et modèles Cohésion et...

Ressource provenant du site http://lvpc.dane.ac-versailles.fr

Nuclear power Energie nucléaire

Auteur(s) : Cécile Canu

Adresse de messagerie : [email protected]

Niveau : Première S

Type d’enseignement : DNL

http://lvpc.dane.ac-versailles.fr/


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Nuclear power Energie nucléaire

Auteur(s) : Cécile Canu

Adresse de messagerie :

[email protected]

Établissement : Lycée Pierre-Gilles de

Gennes ENCPB Académie : Paris

Présentation

En quoi consistent la fusion et la fission nucléaires ? Comment initier ces

processus ? Qu’est qu’une réaction en chaine ? L’énergie libérée est-elle une

énergie « propre » ?

Référentiel, programme

• Comprendre : Lois et modèles

Cohésion et transformation de la matière

- Radioactivité naturelle et artificielle,

- Réactions nucléaires et aspects énergétiques associés.

Compétences travaillées

S’approprier ■■□□

Analyser ■■□□

Réaliser ■■■□

Valider ■□□□

Niveaux de compétence en langue

Langue : anglais

Comprendre Écouter ☐ A2 ☐ B1 ☑ B2

Lire ☐ A2 ☑ B1 ☐ B2

Parler Prendre part à une conversation ☐ A2 ☐ B1 ☑ B2

S’exprimer oralement en continu ☐ A2 ☐ B1 ☑ B2

Écrire Écrire ☐ A2 ☑ B1 ☐ B2

Évaluation

Cette ressource propose deux sujets composés d’un texte accompagné de 3

questions permettant d’entamer la discussion autour du thème énergie

nucléaire et environnement.

Mots clés

DNL, nucléaire, radioactivité, fission, fission, réaction en chaine

Niveau et type d’enseignement

Niveau : Première S

Type d’enseignement : DNL

Sources http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ audio/science_additional/nuclear_power.mp3

Étapes de la séquence

Séance 1 : durée 1h30

Compréhension orale à l’aide de

vocabulaire. Jeu de mise en pratique

du vocabulaire.

Séance 2 : durée 20min/élève

Mise en activité : restitution orale et

mise en interaction à l’aide d’un texte

et de questions.


http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/audio/science_additional/nuclear_power.mp3

http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/audio/science_additional/nuclear_power.mp3


Nuclear power Page 1

Table of Contents

For students ........................................................................................................................................... 2

1. Discovering vocabulary ............................................................................................................................................ 3

2. Fill in the blanks ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

3. Rephrasing ............................................................................................................................................................... 5

4. Going further ............................................................................................................................................................ 6

For teachers ........................................................................................................................................... 8

1. Discovering vocabulary ............................................................................................................................................ 9

2. Fill in the blanks ..................................................................................................................................................... 10




For students




1. Discovering vocabulary

Propose a definition or translation if needs be of the following words :

to extract energy

the nucleus/nuclei of an atom/atoms.

nuclear fission

nuclear fusion.

splitting things up = breaking up

This process releases a huge amount of energy

to run a power station

to trigger

two halves of the nucleus

To repel

to fly apart incredibly fast

to spit out neutrons.

presumably

to split

in turn

a chain reaction.

A nuclear reactor

To be designed

a rate of reaction,

a nuclear explosion.




2. Fill in the blanks

Listen to the mp3 once or twice, then fill in the blanks

So Dave what is the basis of nuclear power?

It’s a way of ________ energy from the ________ of atoms. An atom’s nucleus is the dense part of the centre of an

atom. Made up of protons and neutrons and surrounded by a cloud of electrons. You can get energy from atomic

nuclei in two main ways: nuclear ________ and nuclear ________.

OK let’s look at the first of those: how does nuclear ________ work then?

________ is another word for ________ things __ It involves ________ up the ________ of large elements such as

uranium and plutonium to form much smaller ones. This process ________ a huge amount of energy in the form of

________; which you can then use to run a ________ ________

But how do you make the large atoms split up in the first place, to release energy like that?

First you have to pick an atom, which is ________ in the right way such as

________ ___ or plutonium 239. If a ________ hits the nucleus of one of these

atoms, it can ________ the atom to split in two. This releases a ________ ________

of ________ because the two ________ of the nucleus are both positively charged.

They ________ and ________ ________ ________ fast.

As well as the 2 halves of the nucleus, these atoms also ________ ___ 2 or 3 more

neutrons.

And those neutrons ________ can then make other atoms split?

Yes, if they hit another nucleus, they can. So one atom that ________ can release

another neutron to split another 2 or 3… Which __ _____ can each release another 2,3 neutrons. So in each

generation, more and more atoms will split and release energy. We call this a ________ ________.

And will that keep going forever?

A ________ ________ is very carefully ________ so you only get a certain ____ of ________, no more. But if you

design the system in a different way then a chain reaction can get bigger and bigger and bigger and an immense

amount of energy’s released very quickly. This is a nuclear ________.




3. Rephrasing

Each student gets to pick a card in turn. The rest of the class does not get to see the card. The student tries to make the class guess

his card without saying the three forbidden words written below.

Selfsustaining

renewable

wind

solar

Nuclearreactor

atom

nucleus

energy

uranium

atom

nucleus

element

Radioactivity

atom

unstable

particles

Nuclearwaste

radioactive

uranium

pollution

pollution

industry

water

air




4. Going further

Choose a subject between the next 2 subjects. Prepare your answers during 10 minutes. You will then get 10

minutes to present your answers.

Nuclear energy evaluation

Timing: 10min of preparation, 10min of questions

Subject N°1

Questioning Nuclear Power's Ability To Forestall Global Warming

ScienceDaily (Apr. 22, 2008) — Rising energy and environmental costs may prevent nuclear power from being a

sustainable alternative energy source in the fight against global warming,

according to a new study.

Gavin M. Mudd and Mark Diesendorf have investigated the "eco-efficiency" of mining uranium for use as fuel in nuclear power plants. Advocates of nuclear power claim it has the potential to mitigate global warming.

Detractors, however, link it to dangers such as proliferation of nuclear weapons and problems such as permanent disposal of nuclear waste. Their study points out that supplies of high-grade uranium ore are declining, which may boost nuclear fuel's environmental and economic costs, including

increases in energy use, water consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, newly discovered uranium deposits may be more difficult to

extract in the future -- a further drain on economic and environmental resources.

Vocabulary:

To forestall, to mitigate: battre, empêcher

Uranium deposits: filons d’uranium

Questions:

-According to the text, which aspect of nuclear energy could become an environmental threat?

-Explain the term: global warming.

-What is the problem with nuclear waste?




Nuclear energy evaluation

Timing: 10min of preparation, 10min of questions

Subject N°2

Obama on science, in his own words

New Scientist - 05 November 2008 by Catherine Brahic

Barack Obama's victory heralds a new era in science.

Here, in his own words, is how the President-elect sees

the future for energy:

"A clean, secure energy future will … require a historic

effort on the scale of what we saw in those factories

during World War II. "

"We'll also need to find a way to use coal - America's

most abundant fossil fuel - without adding harmful

greenhouse gases to the environment."

"There is absolutely no reason we shouldn't be able to

get at least 20% of our energy from clean and renewable

sources by 2020." 7 May 2007

"We're going to have to develop clean coal technology and safe ways to store nuclear energy. I favour nuclear power

as one component of our overall energy mix." Second presidential debate, 7 October 2008

Vocabulary:

To herald: présager

Questions:

-According to the text, what must be done in order for our energy to be cleaner?

-According to you, what is clean energy?

-In your opinion is nuclear power a clean energy?


http://www.newscientist.com/search?rbauthors=Catherine+Brahic+

http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn15130-obama-promises-new-era-of-scientific-innovation.html

http://obama.3cdn.net/932a5d826e90e1a40f_f8m6b934v.pdf

http://obama.3cdn.net/932a5d826e90e1a40f_f8m6b934v.pdf

http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/10/07/presidential.debate.transcript/



For teachers




1. Discovering vocabulary

to extract energy Extraire/récupérer de l’énergie

the nucleus/nuclei of an atom/atoms. Noyau/noyaux

nuclear fission Fission

nuclear fusion. fusion

splitting things up = breaking up Casser/rompre les choses

This process releases a huge amount of energy Ce procédé libère une énorme quantité d’énergie

to run a power station Faire tourner une centrale électrique

to trigger déclencher

two halves of the nucleus Deux moitiés

To repel repousser

to fly apart incredibly fast “S’envoler” (s’éloigner l’un de l’autre) à une vitesse

incroyable

to spit out neutrons. Rejeter (littéralement recracher)

presumably Probablement

to split Rompre en deux

in turn À leur tour

a chain reaction. Reaction en chaîne

A nuclear reactor Réacteur nucléaire

To be designed Être conçu pour

a rate of reaction, Une vitesse de réaction

a nuclear explosion. Explosion nucléaire




2. Fill in the blanks

So Dave what is the basis of nuclear power?

It’s a way of extracting energy from the nuclei of atoms. An atom’s nucleus is the dense part of the centre of an

atom. Made up of protons and neutrons and surrounded by a cloud of electrons. You can get energy from atomic

nuclei in two main ways: nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

OK let’s look at the first of those: how does nuclear fission work then?

Fission is another word for splitting things up. It involves breaking up the nuclei of large elements such as uranium

and plutonium to form much smaller ones. This process releases a huge amount of energy in the form of heat;

which you can then use to run a power station

But how do you make the large atoms split up in the first place, to release energy like that?

First you have to pick an atom, which is unstable in the right way such as uranium 235

or plutonium 239. If a neutron hits the nucleus of one of these atoms, it can trigger the

atom to split in two. This releases a huge amount of energy because the two halves of

the nucleus are both positively charged. They repel and fly apart incredibly fast.

As well as the 2 halves of the nucleus, these atoms also spit out 2 or 3 more neutrons.

And those neutrons presumably can then make other atoms split?

Yes, if they hit another nucleus, they can. So one atom that splits can release another neutron to split another 2 or

3… Which in turn can each release another 2,3 neutrons. So in each generation, more and more atoms will split and

release energy. We call this a chain reaction.

And will that keep going forever?

A nuclear reactor is very carefully designed so you only get a certain rate of reaction, no more. But if you design the

system in a different way then a chain reaction can get bigger and bigger and bigger and an immense amount of

energy’s released very quickly. This is a nuclear explosion.


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