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MMoodduullee SSeevveenn

DDrruugg CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonnss

TTaabbllee ooff CCoonntteennttss

1. Drug Classifications (p 3) A. Drug Classification Groups (p 4) B. United States Adopted Names (p 5)

2. Generic and Corresponding Brand-Name Drugs by Classification

A. Anesthetics (p 6) B. Analgesics (p 6)

i. Sample Questions (p 7) C. Antineoplastics (p 8) D. Antihyperlipidemic (p 8) E. Anti-Infectives (p 9)

i. Sample Questions (p 10) F. Cardiovascular (p 11)

i. Sample Questions (p 12) G. Dermatological (p 13) H. Gastrointestinal (p 13)

i. Sample Questions (p 14) I. Hematological (p 15) J. Hormones (p 15) K. Immunobiologic (p 16)

i. Sample Questions (p 16) L. Musculoskeletal (p 17) M. Neurological (p 17) N. Ophthalmic (p 18)

i. Sample Questions (p 19) O. Psychotropic (p 20)

i. Sample Questions (p 21) P. Respiratory (p 22)

i. Sample Questions (p 23)

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3. Nutritional Supplements (p 24) A. Vitamins (p 24) B. Electrolytes and Minerals (p 25)

i. Sample Questions (p 26) 4. Drugs that Look and Sound Alike (p 27) 5. Answer Key for Sample Questions (p 28)

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11.. DDrruugg CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonnss When certain drugs are used for different parts of the body it is called the classification of the drug. ! A drug�s name begins with the chemical name that describes its

components and structure. This name identifies the specific compound used in the formulation of a drug, but they are long, complicated names and not useful for general communication.

! The Brand name of a drug is the name given by the sponsoring

company who compounded the drug. ! After a brand-name drug is no longer protected under patent law, it

can be marketed by other companies as a generic drug.

This is why you need to know the generic names and the corresponding brand names of the top drugs in each classification. Make Flash Cards to memorize ALL of the generic and corresponding brand names found in each drug classification in this Module.

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AA.. DDrruugg CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonn GGrroouuppss Drugs are classified by a disorder, body system effect, type of receptors, and type of action.

Groups of Drug Classifications:

Analgesics

Anesthetics

Antineoplastics

Antihyperlipidemic

Anti-Infectives

Cardiovascular

Dermatological

Electrolytes and Minerals

Gastrointestinal

Hematological

Hormones

Immunobiologic

Musculoskeletal

Neurological

Ophthalmic

Psychotropic

Respiratory

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BB.. UUnniitteedd SSttaatteess AAddoopptteedd NNaammeess ((UUSSAANN)) The USAN designates nonproprietary names for drugs. This council was formed in the 1960�s by the American Medical Association and the United States Pharmacopoeia. Now the American Pharmacists Association and the FDA are included in the Council. Once approved by these different agencies, the name becomes the �official� name of the drug. The Stems below are used in drug names to indicate the classification / function of the drug. Stems Classes alol alpha and beta blockers andr androgens ase enzymes azaepam anti-anxiety eosin` antihypertensive caine local anesthetics cef cephalosporin cillin penicillin conazole anti-fungal cort cortisone cycline antibiotics estr estrogens gest progestin mycin antibiotics olol Beta-blockers olone steroids oxacin antibiotics pamide diuretics pamil coronary vasodilators pramine antidepressants pril antihypertensives profen anti-inflammatory sulfa antibiotics terol bronchodilators thiazide diuretics vastatin antihyperlipidemics

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22.. GGeenneerriicc aanndd CCoorrrreessppoonnddiinngg BBrraanndd--NNaammee DDrruuggss bbyy CCllaassssiiffiiccaattiioonn

AA.. AAnneesstthheettiiccss Anesthetics cause an absence of sensation or pain.

! Local anesthesia is administered directly to an area to be numbed. It is commonly used in dental work.

! General anesthesia produces a complete loss of consciousness. It is used for surgeries and administered by an anesthesiologist.

Generic name Brand name Procaine Novocain Tetracaine Pontocaine Bupivacaine Marcaine Dibucaine Nupercainal Halothane Fluothane Midazolam Versed Fentanyl Duragesic BB.. AAnnaallggeessiiccss Analgesics are pain-killers. C-II drugs are pure narcotics.

Generic Name Brand Name Acetylsalicylic Acid Aspirin Acetaminophen Tylenol Ibuprofen Motrin Naproxen Naprosyn Meperidine Demerol (C-II) Tramadol Ultram Propoxyphene/Acetaminophen Darvon-N Oxycodone/Acetaminophen Percocet (C-II) Morphine MS Contin Hydrocodone /Acetaminophen Vicodin (C-II) Dextroamphetamine + Adderall (C-II) Amphetamine, mixed salts

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i. Sample Questions

1. Acetylsalicylic Acid______ a. Duragesic

2. Ibuprofen______ b. Demerol

3. Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen_____ c. Ultram

4. Roxicet d. Versed

5. Procaine______ e. Percocet

6. Midazolam______ f. MS Contin

7. Meperidine______ g. Novocain

8. Naproxen______ h. Tylenol

9. Fentanyl______ i. Naprosyn

10. Halothane______ j. Aspirin

11. Oxaprozin______ k. Pontocaine

12. Propoxyphene/Acetaminophen_____ l. Darvon-N

13. Tetracaine______ m. Marcaine

14. Bupivacaine______ n. Fluothane

15. Acetaminophen______ o. Motrin

16. Tramadol______ p. Vicodin

17. Dibucaine______ q. Daypro

18. Morphine Sulfate______ u. Nupercainal

19. Dextroamphetamine+ v. Adderall Amphetamine, mixed salts______

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CC.. AAnnttiinneeooppllaassttiiccss Antineoplastics inhibit the growth of new cancer cells. Generic Name Brand Name

Cyclophosphamide Cytoxan

Cisplatin Platinol

Methotrexate Rheumatrex

Fluorouracil (5-FU) Efudex

Vincristine Oncovin

Paclitaxel Taxol (refrigerate)

Etoposide Vepesid (refrigerate)

Tamoxifen Nolvadex

Doxorubicin Adriamycin

DD.. AAnnttiihhyyppeerrlliippiiddeemmiicc Antihyperlipidemic drugs lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Generic Name Brand Name

Lovastatin Mevacor

Atorvastatin Lipitor

Simvastatin Zocor

Fluvastatin Lescol

Pravastatin Pravachol

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EE.. AAnnttii--IInnffeeccttiivveess Anti-Infectives treat diseases produced by microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

Generic Name Brand Name

Ampicillin Omnipen

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate Augmentin

Cefaclor Ceclor (penicillin sensitive)

Cephalexin Keflex

Levofloxacin Levaquin

Ciprofloxacin Cipro

Azithromycin Zithromax

Sulfisoxazole Bactrim (sun sensitive)

Tetracycline Sumycin (sun sensitive)

Metronidazole Flagyl

Acyclovir Zovirax

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i. Sample Questions

1. Ampicillin_____ a. Augmentin

2. Amoxicillin/Clavulanate_____ b. Lescol

3. Cefaclor______ c. Zithromax

4. Cephalexin______ d. Zovirax

5. Ciprofloxacin_____ e. Omnipen

6. Azithromycin_____ f. Ceclor

7. Acyclovir_____ g. Keflex

8. Metronidazole_____ h. Flagyl

9. Cyclophosphamide_____ i. Rheumatrex

10. Cisplatin_____ j. Oncovin

11. Methotrexate_____ k. Vepesid

12. Vincristine ______ l. Cipro

13. Paclitaxel______ m. Nolvadex

14. Etoposide_____ n. Platinol

15. Tamoxifen_____ o. Cytoxan

16. Lovastatin_____ p. Lipitor

17. Atorvastatin_____ q. Zocor

18. Pravastatin_____ r. Mevacor

19. Simvastatin_____ s. Pravachol

20. Fluvastatin_____ t. Taxol

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FF.. CCaarrddiioovvaassccuullaarr Cardiovascular drugs treat conditions and diseases of the cardiovascular system. Generic Name Brand Name

Nitroglycerin Nitrostat (protect from light)

Nifedipine Procardia

Verapamil Calan

Lidocaine Xylocaine

Diltiazem Cardizem

Losartan Cozaar

Isosorbide Isordil

Furosemide Lasix

Atenolol Tenormin

Lisinopril Prinivil

Warfarin Coumadin (Do not take with aspirin)

Hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ) Hydrodiuril

Heparin n/a

Metoprolol Lopressor

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i. Sample Questions

1. Nifedipine_____ a. Xylocaine

2. Nitroglycerin_____ b. Isordil

3. Metoprolol_____ c. Hydrodiuril

4. Diltiazem_____ d. Lasix

5. Verapamil_____ e. Cozaar

6. Furosemide_____ f. Prinivil

7. Atenolol_____ g. Tenormin

8. Lisinopril_____ h. Calan

9. Hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ)_____ i. Heparin

10. Warfarin_____ j. Procardia

11. Heparin_____ k. Coumadin

12. Lidocaine_____ l. Cardizem

13. Isosorbide_____ m. Lopressor

14. Losartan_____ n. Nitrostat

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GG.. DDeerrmmaattoollooggiiccaallss Dermatologicals are drugs used to treat a disease or condition of the skin. Generic Name Brand Name Hydrocortisone Cortisporin Silver Sulfadiazine Silvadene Clotrimazole Lotrimin AF Betamethasone Diprolene Ofloxacin Floxin Triamcinolone Kenalog Clobetasol Temovate Ketoconazole Nizoral HH.. GGaassttrrooiinntteessttiinnaall Gastrointestinal agents are used to treat disorders of the stomach and intestines.

Generic Names Brand Name Loperamide Imodium Diphenoxylate/Atropine Lomotil Trimethobenzamide Tigan Prochlorperazine Compazine Cimetidine Tagamet Famotidine Pepcid Lansoprazole Prevacid Ranitidine Zantac Cisapride Propulsid Omeprazole Prilosec Esomeprazole Nexium Promethazine Phenergan (suppositories, refrigerate)

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i. Sample Questions

1. Propulsid_____ a. Ranitidine

2. Nizoral_____ b. Clobetasol

3. Tagamet _____ c. Betamethasone

4. Silver Sulfadiazine _____ d. Cisapride

5. Kenalog_____ e. Loperamide

6. Trimethobenzamide _____ f. Famotidine

7. Temovate_____ g. Silvadene

8. Diprolene _____ h. Lansoprazole

9. Pepcid_____ i. Omeprazole

10. Zantac_____ j. Esomeprazole

11. Prevacid_____ k. Cimetidine

12. Prilosec_____ l. Ketoconazole

13. Imodium_____ m. Ofloxacin

14. Floxin_____ n. Diphenoxylate/Atropine

15. Lomotil_____ o. Tigan

16. Nexium_____ p. Triamcinolone

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II.. HHeemmaattoollooggiiccaall Hematological drugs are used to prevent or treat excessive bleeding. Generic Name Brand Name Desmopressin DDAVP Phytonadione Mephyton Cyanocobalamin Vitamin B 12, Nascobal Thrombin Powder n/a JJ.. HHoorrmmoonneess Hormone drugs are given to stimulate or inhibit hormone secretion. Generic Name Brand Name Epinephrine Adrenalin Glyburide Micronase Glucagon GlucaGen Insulin Humulin, Humalog, Novolin, Novolog

(refrigerate) Glipizide Glucotrol Metformin Glucophage Methimazole Tapazole Levothyroxine Levoxyl Norethindrone/Mestranol Ortho-Novum 1/50 (dispense a patient package insert with each prescription for hormones or birth control pills) Sildenafil Citrate Viagra Clomiphene Citrate Clomid Etonogestrel + Ethinyl Estradiol Nuvaring (refrigerate)

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KK.. IImmmmuunnoobbiioollooggiicc A vaccine containing infectious agents to boost the body�s immune system response. These drugs need to be refrigerated or kept in the freezer according to the manufacturer�s recommendation.) Vaccine Name Diphtheria Toxoid Rabies Immune Globulin Hepatitis A Immune Globulin Hepatitis B Immune Globulin Tetanus Immune Globulin i. Sample Questions

1. Cyanocobalamin______ a. Glucagon

2. Sildenafil Citrate________ b. Vitamin B-12

3. Epinephrine________ c. Glucophage

4. Glyburide________ d. DDAVP

5. Glucagon________ e. Tapazole

6. Phytonadione________ f. Ortho-Novum 1/50

7. Glipizide________ g. Clomid

8. Levothyroxine_______ h. Adrenalin

9. Norethindrone/Mestranol ____ i. Glucotrol

10. Desmopressin________ j. Micronase

11. Clomiphene Citrate________ k. Levoxyl

12. Metformin________ l. Mephyton

13. Methimazole________ m. Viagra

14. Insulin_____ n. Humulin

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LL.. MMuussccuulloosskkeelleettaall Musculoskeletal drugs are used for chronic and often progressive inflammatory conditions caused by the dysfunction of the immune system.

Generic Name Brand Name Colchicine n/a Allopurinol Zyloprim Cyclobenzaprine Flexeril Diazepam Valium Carisoprodol Soma Baclofen Lioresal Chlorzoxazone Parafon Forte Metaxalone Skelaxin Methocarbamol Robaxin Orphenadrine citrate Norflex MM.. NNeeuurroollooggiiccaall Neurological drugs are used when common neurological disorders are affected by abnormalities in neurotransmitter response or release. These kinds of disorders include: Alzheimer�s disease, Parkinson�s disease, and migraine headaches. Generic Name Brand Name Benztropine Mesylate Cogentin Gabapentin Neurontin Phenytoin Dilantin Phenobarbital Donnatal Ergotamine Cafergot Sumatriptan Imitrex Carbidopa/Levodopa Sinemet

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NN.. OOpphhtthhaallmmiicc Ophthalmic drugs are used to treat diseases, disorders, and various conditions of the eye. Generic Name Brand Name

Betaxolol Betopic

Timolol Timoptic

Dipivefrin Propine

Dexamethasone Decadron

Prednisolone Pred-Mild

Ketorolac Acular

Dexamethasone/Tobramycin Tobradex

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i. Sample Questions

1. Dipivefrin______ a. Acular

2. Betaxolol______ b. Pred Forte

3. Colchicine______ c. Timoptic

4. Allopurinol______ d. Tobradex

5. Cyclobenzaprine_____ e. Flexeril

6. Diazepam______ f. Propine

7. Carbidopa/Levodopa______ g. Valium

8. Benztropine______ h. Cogentin

9. Gabapentin______ i. Imitrex

10. Phenytoin______ j. Dilantin

11. Dexamethasone______ k. Soma

12. Sumatriptan______ l. Sinemet

13. Timolol ______ m. Neurontin

14. Gentamicin______ n. Decadron

15. Dexamethasone/Tobramycin______ o. Garamycin

16. Prednisolone Acetate______ p. Zyloprim

17. Ketorolac______ q. Betoptic

18. Carisoprodol______ r. Colchicine

19. Metaxalone ______ s. Norflex

20. Orphenadrine citrate______ t. Skelaxin

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OO.. PPssyycchhoottrrooppiicc Psychotropic drugs are behavior-modifying drugs used to treat psychiatric conditions such as bipolar disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, depression, drug addiction, and sleep disorders.

Generic Name Brand Name

Carbamazepine Tegretol

Divalproex Sodium Depakote

Diazepam Valium

Lorazepam Ativan

Alprazolam Xanax

Paroxetine Paxil

Fluoxetine Prozac

Amitriptyline Elavil

Trazodone Desyrel

Bupropion Wellbutrin

Olanzapine Zyprexa

Haloperidol Haldol

Risperidone Risperdal

Buspirone Buspar

Sertraline Zoloft

Disulfiram Antabuse

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i. Sample Questions

1. Carbamazepine_______ a. Prozac

2. Lorazepam_______ b. Elavil

3. Alprazolam_______ c. Wellbutrin

4. Buspirone_______ d. Desyrel

5. Paroxetine_______ e. Zyprexa

6. Sertraline_______ f. Tegretol

7. Fluoxetine_______ g. Depakote

8. Amitriptyline_______ h. Haldol

9. Trazodone_______ i. Risperdal

10. Bupropion_______ j. Ativan

11. Olanzapine_______ k. Xanax

12. Haloperidol_______ l. Antabuse

13. Risperidone_______ m. Buspar

14. Disulfiram_______ n. Paxil

15. Divalproex Sodium_______ o. Zoloft

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PP.. RReessppiirraattoorryy Respiratory drugs are used in the treatment of respiratory diseases and disorders. ! Examples: Antihistamines, Antitussives (reduce the viscosity of

secretion), Bronchodilators, and Decongestants. ! A patient�s package insert about the drug is mandatory when

dispensing inhalants. Generic Names Brand Names Diphenhydramine Benadryl

Fexofenadine Allegra

Loratadine Claritin

Pseudoephedrine Sudafed

Benzonatate Tessalon

Dextromethorphan Benylin

Guaifenesin Robitussin

Metaproterenol Alupent (inhalant)

Ipratropium Bromide Atrovent (inhalant)

Albuterol Sulfate Proventil (inhalant)

Salmeterol Serevent (inhalant)

Beclomethasone Beconase (inhalant)

Fluticasone Flonase (inhalant)

Cetirizine Zyrtec

Phenylephrine Neo-Synephrine (inhalant)

Codeine/Guaifenesin Robitussin A-C

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i. Sample Questions

1. Loratadine_______ a. Alupent

2. Cetirizine_______ b. Proventil

3. Phenylephrine_____ c. Flonase

4. Codeine/Guafenesin_______ d. Robitussin

5. Benzonatate _______ e. Serevent

6. Dextromethorphan _______ g. Beconase

7. Guafenesin_______ h. Allegra

8. Metaproterenol_______ i. Benylin

9. Ipratropium Bromide_______ j. Atrovent

10. Albuterol Sulfate_______ k. Claritin

11. Salmeterol_______ l. Zyrtec

12. Fexofenadine _______ m. Neo-Synephrine

13. Beclomethasone______ n. Robitussin A-C

14. Fluticasone_______ o. Tessalon Perles

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33.. NNuuttrriittiioonnaall SSuupppplleemmeennttss AA.. VViittaammiinnss Vitamins are necessary for normal growth or functioning of the body. They are organic substances occurring in small amounts in fresh foods (meats, vegetables, fruits, etc). Vitamin supplements can be taken when the body does not get enough from food intake. Vitamins are either fat or water-soluble. Fat-Soluble Vitamins are absorbed with other lipids and the absorption requires the presence of bile and pancreatic juices.

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Vitamin E

Vitamin K (increases blood clotting)

Water-Soluble Vitamins can dissolve in water.

Vitamin B Complex

Vitamin B 1 (Thiamin)

Vitamin B 2 (Riboflavin)

Vitamin B 3 (Niacin)

Vitamin B 6 (Pyridoxine)

Vitamin B 7 (Biotin)

Vitamin B 9 (Folic Acid)

Vitamin B 12 (Cyanocobalamin)

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

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BB.. EElleeccttrroollyytteess aanndd MMiinneerraallss Electrolytes are a balance of body fluids essential to health and body function. Minerals help keep the body�s fluids and electrolytes in balance. Mineral Supplements Abbreviations Potassium (K) Sodium (Na) Chloride (Cl) Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Phosphorus (P) Iron (Fe) Iodine (I) Zinc (Zn) Fluoride (F) Copper (Cu)

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i. Sample Questions 1. What Vitamins are fat soluble? a. B 1 and B 2 b. A and D c. C d. B complex 2. What Vitamins are water soluble? a. E and B b. K and B c. B and C d. A and C 3. What is K? a. Potassium b. Sodium c. Zinc d. Copper 4. What is Fe? a. Calcium b. Fluoride c. Iron d. Sodium

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44.. DDrruuggss tthhaatt LLooookk aanndd SSoouunndd AAlliikkee Because it is important to never dispense the wrong drug to a patient, it is important to know how to distinguish the following sound-alike drugs from each other. Bupropion Buspirone

Captopril Capitrol

Cefotaxime Ceftizoxime

Clomiphene Clomipramine

Dapsone Daypro

Digoxin Digitoxin

Dopamine Dobutamine

Dyclonine Dicyclomine

Glyburide Glipizide

Hydralazine Hydroxyzine

Lisinopril Fosinopril

Metoprolol Metaproterenol

Prednisone Prednisolone

Reserpine Risperidone

Sulfamethizole Sulfamethoxazole

Thyrolar Theolair

Timolol Atenolol

Vincristine Vinblastine

Zofran Zoloft

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55.. AAnnsswweerr KKeeyy ffoorr SSaammppllee QQuueessttiioonnss 2. B. (p 7)

1. j 2. o 3. p 4. e 5. g 6. d 7. b 8. i 9. a 10. n 11. q 12. l 13. k 14. m 15. h 16. c 17. u 18. f 19. v

2. E. (p 10)

1. e 2. a 3. f 4. g 5. l 6. c 7. d 8. h 9. o 10. n 11. i 12. j 13. t 14. k 15. m 16. r 17. p 18. s 19. q 20. b

2. F. (p 12)

1. j 2. n 3. m 4. l 5. h 6. d 7. g 8. f 9. c 10. k 11. i 12. a 13. b 14. e

2. H. (p 14)

1. d 2. l 3. k 4. g 5. f 6. o 7. b 8. c 9. f 10. a 11. h 12. i 13. e 14. m 15. n 16. j

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2. K. (p 16)

1. b 2. m 3. h 4. j 5. a 6. l 7. i 8. k 9. f 10. d 11. g 12. c 13. e 14.n

2. N. (p 19)

1. f 2. q 3. r 4. p 5. e 6. g 7. l 8. h 9. m 10. j 11. n 12. i 13. c 14. o 15. d 16. b 17. a 18. k 19. t 20. s

2. O. (p 21)

1. g 2. j 3. k 4. m 5. n 6. o 7. a 8. b 9. d 10. c 11. e 12. h 13. i 14. l 15. g

2. P. (p 23)

1. k 2. l 3. m 4. n 5. o 6. i 7. d 8. a 9. j 10. b 11. e 12. h 13. g 14. c

3. B (p 26)

1. b 2. c 3. a 4. c