G U I D E L I N E F O R T H E M A N A G E M E N T O F W A S T E L E A D A N D L E A D P A I N T 1

Guideline for the Management of Waste Lead and Lead Paint

Lignes directrices sur la gestion des déchets de plomb et de la peinture au plomb

Revised October 2017

Révisé en octobre 2017Le présent document contient la traduction française du résumé.

G U I D E L I N E F O R T H E M A N A G E M E N T O F W A S T E L E A D A N D L E A D P A I N T

Contents1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 DefinitionsandListofAcronyms ....................................................................................................................................... 3

1.2 EffectsofLeadintheEnvironment ................................................................................................................................... 5

1.3 CommonSourcesandTypesofLead ................................................................................................................................ 5

2 Roles and Responsibilities .......................................................................................................................................................... 7

2.1 EnvironmentandNaturalResources ............................................................................................................................... 7

2.2 Generators.................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

2.3 OtherRegulatoryAgencies ................................................................................................................................................... 8

3 Waste Management ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9

3.1 PollutionPrevention ................................................................................................................................................................ 9

3.2 LeadPaintAbatement ............................................................................................................................................................. 9

3.2.1PaintIdentificationandSampling .......................................................................................................................... 9

3.2.2LeadPaintRemoval ................................................................................................................................................... 11

3.2.3ContainmentofLeadPaintandAbrasiveDebris .......................................................................................... 11

3.2.4RecoveryofLeadPaintandAbrasiveDebris .................................................................................................. 12

3.3 RifleRangeBackstoporLeadContaminatedSoil .................................................................................................... 12

3.4 Storage ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 12

3.5 Transportation ........................................................................................................................................................................ 13

3.6 Disposal ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 13

4 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Figure 1: MovementofHazardousWasteandRecordKeeping .......................................................................................................... 7

Table 1: DisposalCriteriaforLeadPaintintoSolidWasteFacilities ........................................................................................... 10

Appendix 1: SubsetoftheEnvironmental Protection Act .......................................................................................................................... 15

Appendix 2: RegulatoryAgencies,LandandWaterBoards,WasteExchanges,andAssociations .......................................... 18

References ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 20

G U I D E L I N E F O R T H E M A N A G E M E N T O F W A S T E L E A D A N D L E A D P A I N T 1

1 IntroductionLeadisanaturally-occurringelementcommonlyfoundinrockandsoil.Thereisalsowidespreaduseofleadinconsumerproductsandhasresultedinelevatedlevelsofleadintheenvironment.Canadiansareexposedtolowlevelsofleadinfood,drinkingwater,air,householddust,soil,andproducts.Riskstohumanhealthandtheenvironmentareassociatedwithexposureandreleaseoflead.

WasteproductsthatcontainspecifiedlevelsofleadareconsideredcontaminantsundertheNorthwestTerritories’Environmental Protection Act(EPA)andmustbemanagedasahazardouswaste.TheGuidelinefortheManagementofWasteLeadandLeadPaintisintendedto:• Provideguidancetoindustrial,commercial,andinstitutional(ICI)operatorsintheNorthwestTerritories

(NWT)onthepropermanagementofwasteleadandleadpaint;• Increaseawarenessandprovideabriefintroductiontothedifferenttypesofwasteleadandleadpaint;

and• Supportthetrackingofhazardouswastefromgenerationtofinaltreatment/disposal.

Section2.2oftheEPAgivestheMinistertheauthoritytodevelop,coordinateandadministerguidelines(SeeAppendix1).ThisguidelinedoesnotalleviatetheneedtocomplywithanyotherActorregulationapplicabletothemanagementofleadorleadpaint.Section2.3ofthisGuidelineprovidesadditionalinformationontherolesandresponsibilitiesofotherregulatoryagenciesthatmaybeinvolvedwiththemanagementofwasteleadandleadpaintduetotheirlegislativeresponsibilities.

ThisguidelineshouldbereadinconjunctionwiththeGuideline for Hazardous Waste Management whereleadpaintislistedasahazardouswaste.ThemanagementofwasteleadfoundinbatteriesisoutlinedintheGuideline for the Management of Waste Batteries.

ThisguidelineandotherhazardouswasteguidelinesareavailableontheDepartmentofEnvironmentandNaturalResources(ENR)website(http://www.enr.gov.nt.ca/en/services/hazardous-waste)orbycontactingENRat:

EnvironmentDivisionDepartmentofEnvironmentandNaturalResourcesGovernmentoftheNorthwestTerritoriesPOBox1320700,5102-50AvenueYellowknifeNT X1A2L9

Tel:(867)767-9236ext.53176Fax:(867)873-0221

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1 IntroductionLeplombestnaturellementprésentdanslesrochesetlesol.Ilestégalementlargementutilisédanslesproduitsdeconsommation;c’estpourquoiontrouvedesniveauxélevésdeplombdansl’environnement.LesCanadienssontexposésàdefaiblesniveauxdeplombdanslanourriture,l’eaupotable,l’air,lapoussièredomestique,laterreetlesproduitsmanufacturés.Lesrisquespourlasantéetl’environnementsontassociésàlalibérationduplombetàl’expositionàcedernier.

LesdéchetsquicontiennentuncertainniveaudeplombsontconsidéréscommedescontaminantsselonlaLoi sur la protection de l’environnement(LPE)desTerritoiresduNord-Ouestetdoiventêtregérésentantquedéchetsdangereux.

Ceslignesdirectricesontétéélaboréesparladivisiondel’environnementduministèredel’EnvironnementetdesRessourcesnaturelles(MERN)dugouvernementdesTerritoiresduNord-Ouest(GTNO)pourlessecteursindustriel,commercialetinstitutionnel(ICI).

LesLignesdirectricessurlagestiondesdéchetsdeplombetdelapeintureauplombvisentà:• orienterlesexploitantsdessecteursICIdesTerritoiresduNord-Ouest(TNO)surlagestionappropriée

desdéchetsdeplombetdelapeintureauplomb;• sensibiliserauxdifférentstypesdedéchetsdeplombetdepeinturesauplombetenfaireunebrève

présentation;• encouragerlesuividesdéchetsdangereux,deleurproductionàleuréliminationoutraitementfinal.

Lasection2.2delaLPEconfèreauministredel’EnvironnementetdesRessourcesnaturellesl’autoritédemettreaupoint,decoordonneretd’administrerdeslignesdirectrices(voirl’annexe1).Ceslignesdirectricesnesuppléentàaucuneautreloiouréglementationapplicableàlagestionduplomboudelapeintureauplomb.Lasection2.3deceslignesdirectricescontientdesrenseignementscomplémentairessurlesrôlesetresponsabilitésd’autresorganismesderéglementationquipourraientparticiperàlagestiondesdéchetsdeplombetdelapeintureauplombdanslecadredeleursresponsabilitéslégislatives.

IlfautlireceslignesdirectricesenutilisantparallèlementlesLignes directrices sur la gestion des déchets dangereuxquidésignentlapeintureauplombcommeundéchetdangereux.Les Lignes directrices sur les batteries usagéesdécriventlagestiondesdéchetsdeplombcontenusdanslesbatteries.

OnpeutconsulterceslignesdirectricesainsiquecellessurlesautresdéchetsdangereuxsurlesitewebduMERN(http://www.enr.gov.nt.ca/en/services/hazardous-waste)ouencommuniquantavecleMERNauxcoordonnéessuivantes:

Divisiondel’environnementMinistèredel’EnvironnementetdesRessourcesnaturellesGouvernementdesTerritoiresduNord-Ouest5102,50eAvenueCentreScotia,7eétage

Adressepostale:C. P. 1320YellowknifeNT X1A2L9

Tél.:867-767-9236,poste53176Téléc.:867-873-0221

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1.1 DefinitionsContaminant Anynoise,heat,vibrationorsubstanceandincludessuchothersubstancesastheMinister

mayprescribethat,wheredischargedintotheenvironment,(a) endangersthehealth,safetyorwelfareofpersons,(b) interferesorislikelytointerferewithnormalenjoymentoflifeorproperty,(c) endangersthehealthofanimallife,or(d) causesorislikelytocausedamagetoplantlifeorproperty.

Discharge Includes,butnotsoastolimitthemeaning,anypumping,pouring,throwing,dumping,emitting,burning,spraying,spreading,leaking,spilling,orescaping.

Environment MeansthecomponentsoftheEarthandincludesa) air,landandwater,b) alllayersoftheatmosphere,c) allorganicandinorganicmatterandlivingorganisms,andd) theinteractingnaturalsystemsthatincludecomponentsreferredtoinparagraphs

(a)to(c).

Generator Theownerorpersonincharge,managementorcontrolofahazardouswasteorafacilityorpropertythatgeneratesorcontainshazardouswaste.

Hazardous Anyproduct,mixture,materialorsubstancethatisclassifiedinaccordancewiththeproduct regulationsmadeundersubsection15(1)inacategoryorsubcategoryofahazardclass

listedinSchedule2oftheHazardous Products Act(Canada).

Hazardous Acontaminantwhichisnolongerusedforitsoriginalpurposeandisintendedforwaste recycling,treatment,disposalorstorageasdefinedintheGuideline for Hazardous Waste

Management.Thisincludeswasteleadandleadpaintasdefinedinthisguideline.

Inorganic lead Ingeneral,leadsubstancesthatdonotcontaincompoundsofcarbon,hydrocarbonsorderivatives.Thesechemicalcompoundsareusuallyfoundinpowderorcrystalform,butsomeareliquid.Usesinclude:frits,glasses,insecticides,woodpreservatives,specificpaints,pigments,plasticsandrubbercompounds.

Leachate Atestmethoddesignedtodetermineboththeorganicandinorganicextraction parameterspresentinsolidandmulti-phasedwaste.Thetestprocedureisdesignedtoprocedure simulatethecharacteristicsamaterialmayexhibitifplacedinalandfill.Testdetermined

byMethod1311ToxicityCharacteristicLeachingProcedure(TCLP)Test,USEPAorLeachateExtractionProcedure164-GP-1-MPCanadianGeneralStandardsBoard.

Lead paint* Surfacecoatingsthatcontainleadgreaterthan5.0mg/Lleadwhensubjectedtotheleachateextractionprocedure.

Listed waste WasteslistedinScheduleIIIoftheGuideline for Hazardous Waste Management.

Manage Tohandle,transport,store,recycle,treat,destroyordisposeofhazardouswaste.

* TheCodeofPractice“WorkingwithLeadGuideline”thatisadministeredbytheWorkers’SafetyandCompensationCommissiondefines“Lead-containingMaterials”thatincludesnumericalthresholdsestablishedforthepurposeofoccupationalhealthandsafetyofworkersandemployers.Thedefinitionsinthisguidelineareestablishedtobeprotectiveoftheenvironment.

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Metallic lead Thesolidmetalformoflead,bluish-whiteorsilvery-grayincolour.Itisrelativelyheavy,verysoft,highlymalleable,ductile,andapoorconductorofelectricity.Ithasalowmeltingpointandisveryresistanttocorrosion.Usesinclude:ammunition,electricalstoragebatteries(leadacidbatteries),leadsolder,pipes,sheathsforelectricalcableandradiationshields.

Organic lead Ingeneral,leadcombinedwithachemicalcompoundcontainingcarbon.Organicleadcompoundsarecreatedbycombiningleadwithprimarilycarbonandhydrogen.Thesecompoundscanbefoundinpowder,crystal,pasteorliquidform.Usesincludetetraethyllead(usedasananti-knockagentingasoline),tetramethyllead,leadnaphthanate,leadstearateandleadoleate.

Paint Asurfacecoatingmaterialthatdriestoasolidfilmwhenalayerisappliedtoasurface.Itdoesnotincludematerialthatbecomesapartofthesubstrate.

List of Acronyms used in this DocumentCALA CanadianAssociationforLaboratoryAccreditationInc.

CCME CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment

ED EnvironmentDivision

ENR DepartmentofEnvironmentandNaturalResources(GNWT)

EPA Environmental Protection Act

GNWT GovernmentoftheNorthwestTerritories

HPA Hazardous Products Act(Canada)

HSS DepartmentofHealthandSocialServices(GNWT)

IATA InternationalAirTransportAssociation

ICAO InternationalCivilAviationOrganization

ICI1 Industrial,Commercial,Institutional

IMDG InternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCode

NWT NorthwestTerritories

OHS OccupationalHealthandSafety

SSPC SocietyforProtectiveCoatings(Canada)

SCMR SurfaceCoatingMaterialsRegulations(Canada)

SDS SafetyDataSheet

1 Industrial Resourcedevelopmentactivities,construction,fabrication,lightandheavymanufacturing. Commercial Retailstores,mechanicalshops,propertymanagers,serviceandrepairbusinesses,etc. Institutional Federal,Territorial,Municipalgovernmentdepartmentsandagencies,non-profitagencies.

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TCLP ToxicityCharacteristicLeachingProcedure

USEPA UnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency

WHMIS WorkSiteHazardousMaterialInformationSystem

WSCC Workers’SafetyandCompensationCommission

1.2 EffectsofLeadintheEnvironmentHistorically,leadwasusedinmanycommercialproductsincluding:paint,gasoline,insecticidesandbatteries,tonameafew.Itisnowknownthatproductsandstructurespaintedwithleadedpaintareasourceofhealthandenvironmentalcontaminants.Leadingasolineandhouseholdpaintsarenowrestrictedbyfederallegislation,asareleadpelletshotgunshellsusedforhuntingmigratorybirdsaswellassolderusedinfoodcans.

Leadhasbeensubjecttonumerousriskmanagementinitiatives,andasaresultoftheseeffortstherehasbeenasignificantdeclineintheconcentrationofleadintheambientairaswellasthebloodleadlevelsofCanadiansinthepastthirtyyears.Despitethedeclineinleadlevels,newscientificresearchbyHealthCanadahasconcludedthatadditionalmeasuresarestillrequiredtofurtherreduceexposuretolead.Whileleadcanbeharmfultothehealthofpeopleofallages,infantsandchildrenareasusceptiblesubpopulationforleadexposure.TheUnitesStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(USEPA)andtheWorldHealthOrganizationhavestatedthatthereisnoknownsafelevelofleadininfantsandchildrenthatwouldnotcauseneurodevelopmentalimpacts.

Leadisalsotoxictolivingmicro-organismsinthewatercolumn,sedimentandsoil.Whenleadisreleasedintotheenvironmentitwillbioaccumulateandenterthefoodchain.Chronicexposuretorelativelylowlevelsofleadmaycausechronichealthsymptomsanddisability.AsaresultleadisstillthesubjectofnumerousriskmanagementinitiativesacrossCanadadirectedtowardsconsumerproducts,foodandtheenvironment.

1.3 CommonSourcesandTypesofLeadLeadistypicallygroupedintothreemaintypes:metalliclead,organiclead,andinorganiclead.

Metalliclead

Automotiveindustry: wheelweights,bearings,frictionadditiveinclutchfacingsandbrakes,batteries.

Constructionindustry: flashing,pipe,sheeting,counterweights,paintadditives,tile,roofingmaterial,plumbingmaterials.

Electronicindustry: cathode-raytubes,radiationshielding,solder,ceramiccoatedcapacitors.

Resourceindustry: fishingsinkers,riflebullets,andbackstopsatrifleandpistolranges.

Printingindustry: letterblocks.

Welding: leadpaint,alloys,galvanizedmetals.

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Organiclead

Miscellaneous: paint,insecticides,fungicides,chemicalreagents,gasolineadditives,pigments,dyes.

Artists: leadsolder,glaze,andleadedglass.

Automotiveindustry: paints,rubbers,dyes,corrosioninhibitingpigmentinpaints,primersandspentglycolsolutionremovedfromcoolingsystemswithheatexchangersmadefromalloyscontainingleadasanadhesive.

Aviationindustry: aviationfuelandusedoilfromaircraftusingleadedfuel.

Oilfieldconstruction: joiningcompound(pipedope).

Inorganiclead

Miscellaneous: manufactureofexplosives,blastingcaps,matches,pyrotechnics,chemicalreagents,pigments,anddyes.

Therearethreemainroutesforexposuretolead:

1. Inhalation: breathinginleaddust,fumeorvapourwhereleadproductsareheatedorwherecuttingandgrindingcreatesdust.

2. Ingestion: eating,drinking,smoking,oranyhandtomouthactioninareaswhereleadcontaminationexists.

3. SkinAbsorption: particularlycontactwithorganicformsoflead.

Forthepurposeofthisguideline,onlythefollowingwastescontainingleadandtheirmanagementarefurtheraddressed:• leadamendedpaint,and• sandorsoilsusedasbackstopsatrifleandpistolrangesorotherleadcontaminatedsoil.

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2 RolesandResponsibilities

2.1 EnvironmentandNaturalResourcesTheDepartmentofEnvironmentandNaturalResources(ENR)istheGovernmentoftheNorthwestTerritories(GNWT)agencyresponsibleforinitiativeswhichcontrolandpreventthedischargeofcontaminantsincludinghazardouswastesandtheirimpactonthenaturalenvironment.ENRisresponsibleforensuringthatenvironmentallyacceptablemanagementprocedures,emissionlevelsanddisposalmethodsaremaintained.LegislativeauthorityisprovidedbytheEPA(SeeAppendix1)andPesticide Act.

TheEnvironmentDivision(ED)ofENRmonitorsthemovementofhazardouswastefromthegeneratortofinaldisposalatthereceivingfacilitythroughtheuseofaspecifiedsix-partformcalledahazardouswastemovementdocument.Amovementdocumentform,oranequivalentrecordofdisposal,mustaccompanyallhazardouswasteintransitregardlessofthemeansoftransport.HazardouswastemovementdocumentsareprovidedasahardcopybytheED.

Ifhazardouswasteistobetransportedofftheoriginatingsite,thegenerator,carrierandreceivermustberegisteredwithED.Onceregistered,anidentificationnumberwillbeassignedwhichisrequiredtocompletethemovementdocument.AcarrierorreceivermayeitherberegisteredintheNWTorintheprovinceorterritoryinwhichthecompanyisbased.

Figure1:MovementofHazardousWasteandRecordKeeping

Registration and/or Reporting to the Environment Division

Generator Carrier(s) Receiver

2.2 GeneratorsThe responsibility for proper waste management rests with the generator and should be considered part of the cost of doing business.

Theowner(generator)ofthewasteleadorleadpaintisresponsibleforensuringitissafelyremoved,handled,packaged,stored,transported,treatedand/ordisposedinaccordancewiththisguidelineandallapplicableActsandregulations.Wasteleadandleadpaintislistedasahazardouswasteinquantitiesgreaterthan5kgandtheultimatedisposalneedstobeconfirmedonahazardouswastemovementdocument(wastemanifest).Generatornumbers,hazardouswastemovementdocumentsandalistofregisteredhazardouswastecarriersareavailablefromED.

TheGuideline for Hazardous Waste Managementshouldalsobereferencedforfurtherdetailsregardinggenerator,carrierandreceiverresponsibilities.

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2.3 OtherRegulatoryAgenciesItisimportanttocontacttheapplicablelandandwaterboardforactivitiesthatmayrequiretheirauthorization.ThecontactinformationfortheLandandWaterBoardsaswellasENRandotheragenciescanbefoundinAppendix2.

Workers’SafetyandCompensationCommission(WSCC)

TheWSCCisresponsibleforadministeringtheNWTSafety Act,andtheOccupationalHealthandSafety(OHS)Regulations,whichaddressthesafetyofworkersandtheworkplace.TheWSCCdevelopedthe“WorkingwithLeadCodeofPractice”andaleadprojectnotificationisrequiredpriortoundertakingaleadabatementproject.ThecriteriondevelopedbytheWSCCisintendedforoccupationalhealthandsafety.ThecriterionintheGuidelineforWasteLeadandLeadPaintfordisposalisdifferentfromoccupationalhealthandsafety,andisdevelopedtobeprotectiveoftheenvironment.

DepartmentofHealthandSocialServices(HSS)

HSSistheGNWTbodyresponsibleforpublichealthandsafetyinaccordancewiththePublic Health Act,andGeneralSanitationRegulations.TheOfficeoftheChiefPublicHealthOfficerprovidespublichealthmessagingandguidancebasedonreviewedinformationprovidedbyresponsibledepartments.Forexample,exposuretoleadpaintinapublicplace,mayhaveanadverseimpactonhumanhealth.TheOfficeoftheChiefPublicHealthOfficershouldbeconsultedwhenleadexposureprimarilyimpactshumanhealth.

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3 WasteManagementMinimizing or avoiding the creation of pollutants and wastes can be more effective in protecting the environment than treating or cleaning them up after they have been created. – Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment

3.1 PollutionPreventionPollutionpreventionmethodseliminatethecreationofenvironmentalcontaminantsbypreventingthewastefrombeingcreatedinthefirstplace.“Pollutioncontrol”methodsaregearedtowardstreatingthewasteafterit’screated.Advancesinthepaintandcoatingsindustryhaveresultedinthedevelopmentofsuperiorpaintsandcoatingsthatprovidecorrosionresistanceonsteelandotherstructures.Leadedpaintsarenolongerrequired.

Pollutionpreventionmethodsforstructureswithleadedpaintinclude:• repaintingwithoutcompletepaintremoval;or• spotpainting,overcoating,zonecoating,orpaintingentirely.

3.2 LeadPaintAbatement

3.2.1 Paint Identification and SamplingItistheowner’sresponsibilitytoidentifythepresenceofleadamendedpaint.Somepaintsusedbefore1950couldcontainasmuchas50%leadbyweight.Startinginthe1950s,theamountofleadinpaintbegantodecreaseasotherpigmentsweresubstituted.In1976,federallegislationinCanadalimitedtheamountofleadininteriorconsumerpaintsto0.5%byweight(or5,000ppm).In2005,exteriorandinteriorconsumerpaintproductsweresubsequentlyreducedto600ppm(0.06%)byweight.

TheamountofleadinconsumerpaintproductsiscurrentlyregulatedaccordingtotheSurfaceCoatingMaterialsRegulations(SCMR)undertheCanada Consumer Product Safety Acttonotcontainmorethan 90mg/kglead,howevercertaintypesofpaintproductsareexemptandmaystillcontainelevatedlevelsoflead.TheSCMRliststhetypesofpaintthatareexemptfromthe90mg/kglimitandmaycontainleachablelevelsofleadasfollows.(a) asananti-corrosiveoranti-weatheringcoatingontheinteriororexteriorsurfaceofabuildinghavingan

agriculturalpurposeoronequipmenthavinganagriculturalpurpose;(b) asananti-corrosiveoranti-weatheringcoatingonastructure,otherthanabuilding,havingan

agriculturalorpublicpurpose;(c) asatouch-upcoatingonmetalsurfaces;(d) intheproductionofoutdoorgraphicart,includingbillboarddisplays;or(e) inanart,craftorhobbyactivity,exceptifthesurfacecoatingmaterialisusedbychildren.

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FormoreinformationontherequirementsundertheSurface Coating Materials Regulations,youmaycontactyourregionalHealthCanadaProductSafetyOffice: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/contact/cps-spc/hecs-dgsesc/pso-bsp_ab-nt-eng.php.

Elevatedlevels(notbelow0.1%or1,000mg/kg)ofleadinworkplacechemicalscanbeidentifiedbyreviewingtheSafetyDataSheets(SDS),whichmustaccompanyallhazardousproductsdistributedinCanada.ManufacturersortheirproductdistributorsarerequiredtoprovideanSDSwiththeirhazardousproducts,howeverSDSsheetsarenotrequiredforconsumerproducts.

Commonexamplesofwhereleadamendedpaintisfoundinclude:• bargesandships;• heavyequipment;• steelpaintingfacilities;• pipelines;• fuelstoragetanks;• steelbridges;• steeltowers;• grainstoragebins;and• railcars.

Paintedtanksorothersteelstructuresshouldbesampledforconfirmationofleadamendedpaintandleadconcentrationpriortosandblastingorothermaintenanceactivities.

Inadditiontolead,industrialorsteelcoatingssuchaspaintandpaintprimer,maycontainothercontaminantstobeawareofsuchasarsenic,polychlorinatedbiphenyls(PCBs),cadmium,chromium,copper,magnesiumandmercury.Thesearetoxicsubstancesifinhaledoringested.

Ifthelevelofleadinthepaintisnotknownandmaycontainelevatedlevelsofleaditistheowner’sresponsibilitytotreatitasleadamendedpaint,orhaveasampletakenandanalyzedatanaccreditedlaboratorytodeterminethelevelofleadinthepaint.HealthCanadaalsohasinformationtohelpconsumersworksafelywitholdlead-basedpaint(suchaswhendoingrenovations): http://www.healthycanadians.gc.ca/security-securite/home-maison/lead_paint-peinture_plomb-eng.php.

Wasteleadpaintisahazardouswastewhentheconcentrationofleadis greater than 5.0 mg/L lead when subjected to the leachate extraction procedure,asoutlinedinTable 1.Thecriteriaismeanttobeprotectiveoftheenvironmentbutisnotsuitablefordeterminingsafelevelsofexposuretoworkers,orbuildingoccupantsasdeterminedbyotheragenciessuchasWSCCandHSS.

Table1:Disposalcriteriaforleadpaintintosolidwastefacilities

Compound DisposalCriteriaLead Less than or equal to 5.0 mg/L

PaintSamples

Apaintsampleshouldbecollectedfromtightlyadheredpaintandcomprisedofalllayersofpaint.Itisimportanttoconfirmwiththelaboratorytheamountofsamplerequiredtocompletetheanalysis.Makesuretoscrapedowntothemetalorwood(substrate),beingcarefulnottoincludethesubstrateinthesample.Asturdyplasticbagisanadequatecontainer.Thepaintshouldthenbeanalyzedatanaccreditedlaboratory.TheanalyticaldatashouldthenbeforwardedtoEDortheregionalEnvironmentalProtectionOfficer.

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Laboratoriescanbeidentifiedthroughtheiraccreditationassociationssuchas:• CanadianAssociationforLaboratoryAccreditationInc.(CALA)(613)233-5300http://www.cala.ca or• StandardsCouncilofCanada(EnvironmentalLaboratories)(613)569-7808

https://www.scc.ca/en/accreditation/laboratories

TheWorkingwithLeadCodeofPracticeshouldbereferencedwhentakingsamplesforleadpaintanalysis.ItisimportanttocontactthelaboratorytoensurethatanadequatesampleistakenforanalysisbasedontheWSCCrequirementaswellasleachatetoxicitytestingfordisposal.

3.2.2 Lead Paint RemovalSandblastingshouldonlybeconsideredafterathoroughevaluationofthestructureandpollutionpreventionoptions,duetothepotentialhealthandenvironmentalhazards.

Repaintingofsteelstructuresforrustprotectionfrequentlyinvolvessandblastingofthedeterioratedpaint,inpreparationforanewcoatingofprimerandpaint.Paintedtanksorothersteelstructuresshouldbesampledforconfirmationofleadandleadconcentrationpriortosandblastingorothermaintenanceactivities.Consultationwiththeappropriateregulatoryagenciespriortostartingleadabatementprojectsistheresponsibleworkstrategytopreventpublic,workerandenvironmentalimpairment.

SandblastingMediaHazards

Crystalline(free)silicaiscarcinogenictohumanswheninhaledintheformofquartzorcristobalitefromoccupationalsources.Non-carcinogenicabrasivesshouldbespecifiedforsandblasting.

Alternatively,ultrahighpressurewaterjetting,vacuumpowertools,rotarypowertools,vacuumheadneedleguns,andchemicalstrippersofleadedpaintdonotproducethesamelevelsofdust.NamesofalternateblastingmediasuppliersareavailablebycontactingthepaintassociationslistedinAppendix2.

3.2.3 Containment of Lead Paint and Abrasive DebrisRegardlessoftheleadamendedpaintremovalmethod,totalcontainmentoftheleadedpaintandabrasivedebrisorpaintstrippersisarequirementoftheEPA.

TheWorking with Lead Code of Practiceshouldbereferencedfordevelopinga“LeadExposurePlan”basedontheWSCCrequirements.

Containmentdevicesandtechniquesinclude,butarenotlimitedto:• dropsheetsortarps;• shroudingorfree-hangingenclosures;• totalstructureenclosures;• dampeningmethods;or,• negativepressurecontainment.

High-pressurewaterjettingforpaintremovalrequiresthatthewastewatermustbefilteredtoremoveallpaintresiduesanditmustbetestedtoensureitmeetstheappropriatecriteriaforleadpriortodischarge.

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AwatercontainmentanddischargeplanisrequiredbyEDpriortoreceivingdischargeauthorization.Aplanmustincludeatminimumthefollowing:• Anticipatedvolumeofwater;• Methodofcontainment;• Frequencyofdischarge;• Locationofdischarge;• Identificationofsensitivereceptors(e.g.nearbysurfacewater,residences,ditches);• Pollutionpreventionmethods(e.g.screens,filters,etc.);and• Certificateofanalysisindicatinglevelsofcontaminantssuchaslead.

3.2.4 Recovery of Lead Paint and Abrasive DebrisOnceleadpaintdebrishasbeencontained,therecoveryofpaintresiduesmustbeundertakenfrequentlytopreventdispersalbywind.Avacuumisrecommendedasarapidon-sitecollectionmethod.Sweepingandshovelingarealsousedforcleaningabrasivesfromthegroundcovers.

Collectioncontainersmustnotallowsandblastingwastestospillorleakintotheenvironment.Open-topdrums,withsealablelids,orstrongplasticbagsareexamplesofmaterialsthatcanbeusedforwastecollectionandstoragependingdisposal.Debriscollectiontechniquesinclude:• capturefromsurfaceatpointofcleaning(vacuumblasting);• capturefromcontainmentenclosures(sweeping,vacuuming);• capturefromgroundoroverwater(tarps);or• channelingdebristospecifiedcollectionpoints.

3.3 RifleRangeBackstoporLeadContaminatedSoilThemanagementofsoilsonlandthatiscontaminatedwithleadisoutlinedintheEnvironmentalGuideline for Contaminated Site Remediation.

Samplecollectionfromriflerangebackstopsshouldbedonebyfollowingtheproceduresprovidedbyanaccreditedanalyticallaboratorytoensurerepresentativesamplesareobtained.Personalprotectiveequipmentmayberequired,consultWSCCSafetyOfficers.TheUSEPAdevelopedadocumenttitled,“Best Management Practices for Lead at Outdoor Shooting Ranges”thatmaybereferencedforinformationregardingadequateenvironmentalprotectionprotocolsforoperatingaoutdoorshootingrange.TheGuideline for Hazardous Waste Managementneedstobereferencedfortransportationanddisposalofcontaminatedsoil.

3.4 StorageLeadcompoundsormaterialscontaminatedwithleadmustbestoredinasafeandsecuremanner.Theyshouldbeinleak-proofcontainerstopreventreleaseintotheenvironment.Dependingonthematerial,thepackagingshouldbedesignedtopreventcontactwithprecipitationoritshouldbestoredsecurelyindoors.

TheGuideline for Hazardous Waste Managementshouldbeconsultedforfurtherdetailsregardingstorageandregistration.

Anyonestoringleadwasteforaperiodof180daysandinquantitiesexceeding5,000kgorLwillneedtoregistertheirstoragefacilityaccordingtoSection2.5oftheGuideline for Hazardous Waste Management.

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3.5 TransportationItisimportantforgeneratorstoknowthedifferencesinhazardouswasteregulationsbetweenprovincial/territorialjurisdictionsandensurethatthehazardouswasteisdisposedofinamannerthatsatisfiesalljurisdictionswherethehazardouswastewillbegenerated,transportedanddisposed.

Itisimportantforgeneratorstouseshippingnamesofhazardouswastethatalignwiththeprovinceorterritoryofdestination.Ifthewastereceivingfacilityisnotfamiliarwiththemovementdocumentforaparticulartypeofwaste,itisimportanttoensureacompleterecordofdisposalisutilizedandthatthereceivingsiteprovidesasignedcopythatconfirmstheultimatedisposal.UnderthesecircumstancesthegeneratorintheNWTisrequiredtoprovidethesignedcopytoED.

IntheNWT,specificrequirementsforhazardouswastecarriersandtheuseofhazardouswastemovementdocuments,aredetailedintheGuideline for Hazardous Waste Management.

3.6 Disposal

MetallicLead

Disposalofmetalliclead,suchaswheelweightsorsheeting,canbedonebyshippingtoaleadormetalsfoundry,orametalsrecycler(metallicleadisnotlistedintheTransportation of Dangerous Goods Actorregulations).

LeadedPaint/Soils

Disposaloptionsforleadedpaint,sandblastresidue,andleadcontaminatedsoils/materialsfrompistolandriflerangebackstopsincludetransporttoaregisteredhazardouswastedisposalfacility,oraleadormetalsfoundry.Thereceivingfacilitymustberegisteredinthereceivingprovinceorterritoryandapprovedtomanagethatwaste.

AlternativeManagementMethods

Therearenumerousmethodsforstabilizinghazardouscomponents,suchaslead,insoilsorothermedia(e.g.zeolite,concrete)thatpreventtheirmovementintothegreaterenvironment.Thestabilizationmethodsandeffectivenessaretypicallydependentonsitespecificconditions;thereforeacomprehensivelistingofalternativemanagementmethodsisbeyondthescopeofthisguideline.EDmayapprovesubjecttoconditions,ifleachatetestresultsareinaccordancewiththeGuideline for Hazardous Waste Management. Considerationwillbegiventoproposalsforalternatemanagementmethodsthatprovidealevelofenvironmentalprotectionequivalenttothosediscussedinthisguideline.AlternativemanagementmethodsmustbesubmittedtoEDforreviewandapprovalbeforebeingutilized.

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4 ConclusionThisguidelinepresentsabriefintroductiontothemanagementofwasteleadandleadamendedpaint.Itisintendedtoprovidedirectionwhenmakingwastemanagementdecisionsinordertopreventthedischargeofcontaminants,orsituationsthatcontributetothelikelydischargeofcontaminants.Itdoesnotreplacetheexistinglegislationwhichisreferencedintheguideline.Pleasecontacttheappropriateagencybeforeproceeding.Formoreinformationregardinghazardouswastepleasevisitourwebsite (http://www.enr.gov.nt.ca/node/3054)orcontact:

EnvironmentDivisionDepartmentofEnvironmentandNaturalResourcesGovernmentoftheNorthwestTerritoriesPOBox1320700,5102-50AvenueYellowknifeNT X1A2L9

Tel:(867)767-9236ext.53176Fax:(867)873-0221

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Appendix1:Environmental Protection ActThefollowingisasubsetoftheEnvironmental Protection Act,R.S.N.W.T.1988,c.E-3.1

1. InthisAct,

“contaminant”meansanynoise,heat,vibrationorsubstanceandincludessuchothersubstanceastheMinistermayprescribethat,wheredischargedintotheenvironment,(a) endangersthehealth,safetyorwelfareofpersons,(b) interferesorislikelytointerferewithnormalenjoymentoflifeorproperty,(c) endangersthehealthofanimallife,or(d) causesorislikelytocausedamagetoplantlifeortoproperty;

“discharge”includes,butnotsoastolimitthemeaning,anypumping,pouring,throwing,dumping,emitting,burning,spraying,spreading,leaking,spilling,orescaping;

“environment”meansthecomponentsoftheEarthandincludes(a) air,landandwater,(b) alllayersoftheatmosphere,(c) allorganicandinorganicmatterandlivingorganisms,and(d) theinteractingnaturalsystemsthatincludecomponentsreferredtoinparagraphs(a)to(c).

“inspector”meansapersonappointedundersubsection3(2)andincludestheChiefEnvironmentalProtectionOfficer.

2.2 TheMinistermay(a) establish,operateandmaintainstationstomonitorthequalityof,andthedischargeofcontaminants

intotheenvironmentintheTerritories;(b) conductresearchstudies,conferencesandtrainingprogramsrelatingtocontaminantsandtothe

preservation,protectionorenhancementoftheenvironment;(c) develop,co-ordinateandadministerpolicies,standards,guidelinesandcodesofpracticerelatingto

thepreservation,protectionorenhancementoftheenvironment;

3. (2) TheChiefEnvironmentalProtectionOfficermayappointinspectorsandshallspecifyintheappointmentthatpowersthatmaybeexercisedandthedutiesthatmaybeperformedbytheinspectorunderthisActandregulations.

1 TheEnvironmental Protection Act(EPA)isupdatedfromtimetotime.AsthisisasubsetoftheEPA,ENRrecommendsthereaderreviewtheofficialAct.

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4. (1)WheretheChiefEnvironmentalProtectionOfficerisoftheopinion,basedonreasonablegrounds,thatitisnecessaryoradvisablefortheprotectionoftheenvironmenttodoso,theChiefEnvironmentalProtectionOfficermay,byorderdirectedtoanyperson,requirethatperson(a) toinstallsafeguardstopreventthedischargeofcontaminantsintotheenvironment;(b)tosite,transportorstoreanycontaminantinthemannersetoutintheorder;or(c) tohaveonhandatalltimestheequipmentandmaterialnecessarytoalleviatetheeffectofany

dischargeofcontaminantsthatmaybespecifiedintheorder.

(2)WhereaninspectorbelievesonreasonablegroundsthatadischargeofacontaminantincontraventionofthisAct,theregulationsoraprovisionofapermitorlicenceislikelytooccur,theinspectormayissueanorderrequiringanypersonwhoseactionsmayincreasethelikelihoodofadischargeortheownerorpersonincharge,managementorcontrolofthecontaminanttotakethepreventivemeasuresthattheinspectorconsidersnecessary.R.S.N.W.T.1988,c.117(Supp.),s.7.

5. (1) Subjecttosubsection(3),nopersonshalldischargeorpermitthedischargeofacontaminantintotheenvironment.

(2) REPEALED,R.S.N.W.T.1988,c.117(Supp.),s.8.

(3) Subsection(1)doesnotapplywherethepersonwhodischargedthecontaminantorpermittedthedischargeofthecontaminantestablishesthat(a) thedischargeisauthorizedbythisActortheregulationsorbyanorderissuedunderthisActor

theregulations;(a.1) thedischarge

(i) isauthorizedbyanActoftheParliamentofCanadaortheNorthwestTerritoriesorbyregulationsmadeunderanyofthoseActs,and

(ii) isnotaddressedinthisActortheregulationsorbyanorderissuedunderthisActortheregulations;

(b)thecontaminanthasbeenusedsolelyfordomesticpurposesandwasdischargedfromwithinadwellinghouse;

(c) thecontaminantwasdischargedfromtheexhaustsystemofavehicle;(d)thedischargeofthecontaminantresultedfromtheburningofleaves,foliage,wood,cropsor

stubblefordomesticoragriculturalpurposes;(e) thedischargeofthecontaminantresultedfromburningforlandclearingorlandgrading;(f) thedischargeofthecontaminantresultedfromafiresetbyapublicofficialforhabitat

managementofsilviculturepurposes;(g) thecontaminantwasdischargedforthepurposesofcombattingaforestfire;(h)thecontaminantisasoilparticleorgritdischargedinthecourseofagricultureorhorticulture; or(i) thecontaminantisapesticideclassifiedandlabelledas“domestic”underthePestControl

ProductsRegulations(Canada).

(4) Theexceptionssetoutinsubsection(3)donotapplywhereapersondischargesacontaminantthattheinspectorhasreasonablegroundstobelieveisnotusuallyassociatedwithadischargefromtheexceptedactivity.

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5.1.WhereadischargeofacontaminantintotheenvironmentincontraventionofthisActortheregulationsortheprovisionsofapermitorlicenceissuedunderthisActortheregulationsoccursorareasonablelikelihoodofsuchadischargeexists,everypersoncausingorcontributingtothedischargeorincreasingthelikelihoodofsuchadischarge,andtheownerorthepersonincharge,managementorcontrolofthecontaminantbeforeitsdischargeorlikelydischarge,shallimmediately:(a) subjecttoanyregulations,reportthedischargeorlikelydischargetothepersonorofficedesignated

bytheregulations;(b) takeallreasonablemeasuresconsistentwithpublicsafetytostopthedischarge,repairany

damagecausedbythedischargeandpreventoreliminateanydangertolife,health,propertyortheenvironmentthatresultsormaybereasonablyexpectedtoresultfromthedischargeorlikelydischarge;and

(c) makeareasonableefforttonotifyeverymemberofthepublicwhomaybeadverselyaffectedbythedischargeorlikelydischarge.

6. (1)WhereaninspectorbelievesonreasonablegroundsthatadischargeofacontaminantincontraventionofthisActortheregulationsoraprovisionofapermitorlicenceissuedunderthisActortheregulationshasoccurredorisoccurring,theinspectormayissueanorderrequiringanypersoncausingorcontributingtothedischargeortheownerorthepersonincharge,managementorcontrolofthecontaminanttostopthedischargebythedatenamedintheorder.

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Appendix2:RegulatoryAgencies,LandandWaterBoards,WasteExchanges,andAssociations

RegulatoryAgencies1. EnvironmentalHealth DepartmentofHealthandSocialServices 501549Street Box1320 Yellowknife,NT X1A2L9 Phone:(867)767-9066

2. Workers’SafetyandCompensationCommission GeneralInquiries CentreSquareTower,5thFloor Phone:(867)920-3888 502249Street Fax:(867)873-4596 Box8888 TollFree:1-800-661-0792 Yellowknife,NT X1A2R3 IndustrialSafety(Inuvik):1(867)678-2301

LandandWaterBoardsGwich’inLandandWaterBoard (867)777-4954 http://glwb.com/MackenzieValleyLandandWaterBoard (867)669-0506 http://mvlwb.com/SahtuLandandWaterBoard (867)598-2413 http://slwb.com/Wek’eezhiiLandandWaterBoard (867)713-2500 http://wlwb.ca/InuvialuitWaterBoard (867)678-2942 www.inuvwb.ca/EnvironmentalImpactScreeningCommittee (867)777-2828 http://www.screeningcommittee.ca/

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WasteExchangesCanadianenvironmental.com http://www.canadianenvironmental.com/Stobec (800)561-6511 http://www.stobec.com/en/home/WasteExchangeNetwork http://www.wastechange.com/canada.html

EnvironmentalAssociationsBCEnvironmentIndustryAssociation (604)683-2751 http://www.hazwastebc.comCanadianAssociationforLaboratory AccreditationInc.(CALA)

(613)233-5300 http://www.cala.ca

EcoCanada (800)890-1924 http://www.eco.caEnvironmentalServicesAssociation ofAlberta

(800)661-9278 http://www.esaa.org

GlobalAlliancetoEliminateLead http://www.who.int/ipcs/assessment/public_health/gaelp/en/

NorthernTerritoriesWater andWasteAssociation

(867)873-4325 http://www.ntwwa.com

StandardsCouncilofCanada(EnvironmentalLaboratories)

(613)238-3222 https://www.scc.ca/en/accreditation/laboratories

PaintAssociationsCanadianPaintandCoatingAssociation

(613)231-3604 http://www.canpaint.com/

MasterPainterInstitute http://www.mpi.net/SocietyforProtectiveCoatings (877)281-7772 http://www.sspc.org/

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ReferencesCanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment(CCME),1997RecommendedGuidelines-Canadian Soil Quality Guidelines for Lead; (EC1996;HC1996).

CanadianCouncilofMinistersoftheEnvironment(CCME),1999Canadian Soil Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Environmental and Human Health.

ISBN1-896997-34-1PublicationNo.1299

GovernmentofAlberta,WorkSafeAlberta.Occupational Health and Safety Bulletin: Lead at the Work Site,(November2013).Availableon-lineat:https://work.alberta.ca/documents/OHS-Bulletin-CH071.pdf

GovernmentofCanada,HealthCanada.Final Human Health State of the Science Report on Lead.(February2013).ISBN:978-1-100-21304-0.Availableon-lineat: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/contaminants/dhhssrl-rpecscepsh/index-eng.php

GovernmentofCanada,HealthCanada.Risk Management Strategy for Lead.(February2013). ISBN:978-1-100-21305-7.Availableon-lineat: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/contaminants/prms_lead-psgr_plomb/index-eng.php

KennethA.Timber,DanielP.Adley,(1994),Project Design Industrial Lead Paint Removal Handbook Volume ll. TechnologyPublishingCompany,Pittsburgh,PA.

KennethA.Timber,(1993),Industrial Lead Paint Removal Handbook2ndEdition,PublishedbyKTA-Tator,Inc.Pittsburgh,PA,ASteelStructuresPaintingCouncilText.

Workers’SafetyandCompensationCommission.Working with Lead Guideline.(May2017)Availableon-lineat:http://www.wscc.nt.ca/sites/default/files/documents/Working%20With%20Lead%20Guideline%20Code%20of%20Practice%20NT%20and%20NU%20English_0.pdf