La Prière - Kellenberg Memorial High SchoolThe verb “être” in the present tense Some verbs in...
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Transcript of La Prière - Kellenberg Memorial High SchoolThe verb “être” in the present tense Some verbs in...
La Prière
Je vous salue Mariepleine de Grâce
le Seigneur est avec vous Vous êtes bénie entre toutes les femmes Et Jésus, le fruit de vos entrailles est béni
Sainte Marie, Mère de Dieu, priez pour nous pauvres pêcheurs
maintenant et a l’heure de notre mort. Amen!
i
La Priere
Tap to View
Chapitre 11
In this chapter you will learn to: -Greet people
- Say good-bye to people
- Ask people how they are
- Express simple courtesies
-Days of the week
- Months in a year/Seasons
- Numbers
- The Time
- Alphabet
Grammar: -Les articles au singulier
- Les articles au pluriel
-Le verbe être
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FRENCH GREETINGS
Tap to view
Les Salutations / Greetings
Vocabulaire
Good day Bonjour
Good morning Bonjour
Good afternoon Bonjour
Hi Salut
Pleased to meet you Content/ Contente de te rencontrer
Thank you Merci
Many thanks Merci beaucoup
Thank you very much Merci beaucoup
Good evening Bonsoir
Good night Bonne nuit
Come here Viens ici
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Ok Ok
Great C’est bien ! Super!
How are you? Comment vas- tu?
*This used in an informal setting. You would use this with your friend, relatives and subordinates
How are you? Comment allez-vous ?
* This the formal form of the previous French greeting.
Good luck! Bonne chance!
Oui Yes
Nice to meet you Enchante
With pleasure Avec plaisir
See you tomorrow A demain
Goodbye Au revoir
Excuse me Pardon
See you soon A bientôt
Welcome De rien
Please S’il te plaît
Welcome Bienvenue
Good day Bonne journée
Good Bien
Not bad pas bien
It’s going well oui, ça va ( informal)
It’s not going too well ca va pas mal
See you soon A tout a l’heure
Excuse me Excusez- moi
Exercise 1
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L’alphabet français (French alphabet).
. a (ah)
· b (bay)
· c (say)
· d (day)
· e (euh)
· f (ef)
· g (sh-jay)
· h (ash)
· i (ee)
· j (shee)
· k (ka)
· l (el)
· m (em)
· n (en)
· o (oh)
· p (pay)
· q (coo)
r (air)
s (es)
t (tay)
u (oo)
v (vay)
w (doo-bluh vay)
x (eeks)
y (e-grec)
z (zed)
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Les Jours de la Semaine
These are the days of the week in French. The first letter is not capitalized. The French week begins with Monday.
Vocabulaire
Quelle est la date aujourd’hui? -What is the date today?
C’est demain- It’s tomorrow
hier- Yesterday
après-demain- The day after tomorrow
le jour- The day
la semaine- The week
aujourd’hui- Today
avant- hier- The day before yesterday
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Exercise 1.1
Exercise 1.2
Les Chiffres
Telling the time in French
One important thing to note when talking about the time is that the French make greater use of the 24 hour clock than we typically do. You'll frequently encounter it in more formal situations (for instance, when making appointments) and also when clarifying whether a time is in the morning or in the evening.
In casual conversation where it's pretty obvious whether you're talking about day or night (for instance, when you're talking about going for dinner at eight'o'clock) it's more common to use the 12-hour clock.
In writing, you'll never see times written as 5pm or 3am. It will always be written 17h30 (5.30pm) or 22h (10pm).
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To say the time, use il est followed by a number and then heure(s)
For instance:
● it's three'o'clock = il est trois heures
● it's one'o'clock = il est une heure
To say something like ten to eleven or quarter to five you should use moins (minus/less)
● it's ten to eleven = il est onze heures moins dix (It is eleven hours minus ten)
● it's a quarter to five = il est cinq heures moins le quart (It is five hours minus quarter)
To say something like it's ten PAST eleven simply put the number of minutes after the hour.
● It's ten past eleven: il est onze heures dix
Add an et when saying quarter past or half past
● Quarter past one: Une heure et quart
● Half past nine: Neuf heures et demie
More "time" vocabulary:
● midnight: minuit
● midday/noon: midi
● Ten'o'clock at night: dix heures du soir
● Ten'o'clock in the morning: dix heures du matin
● Ten'o'clock, on the dot!: dix heures, pile!
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Les numéros.
1 = un
2 = deux
3 = trois
4 = quatre
5 = cinq
6 = six
7 = sept
8 = huit
9 = neuf
10 = dix
11 = onze
12 = douze
13 = treize
14 = quatorze
15 = quinze
16 = seize
17 = dix-sept
18 = dix-huit
19 = dix-neuf
20 = vingt
21 = vingt et un
22 = vingt-deux
23 = vingt-trois
24 = vingt-quatre
Asking the time.
Quelle heure est-il?
What time is it?
Il est une heure.
It’s one o’clock.
Il est deux heures.
It’s two o’clock.
Il est midi = It’s midday
Il est minuit = It’s midnight
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Les articles
An article is a word that is placed before a noun or adjective to indicate the type of reference being made to the noun or adjective. Articles can be definite (showing a reference to a specific person or thing) or indefinite (showing reference to any one person, place or thing out of a general group).
The definite article in English is made up of one word – ‘the’ – but in French, this is complicated by the fact that it must change form to agree with the gender and number of the noun to which it refers:
Masculine
Le
Feminine
La
Plural
Les
(the ‘-s’ is silent; pronounced like the ‘le-’ sound in ‘let’)
Thankfully, there is only one plural article for both masculine and feminine nouns – Les.
Note: This plural form of the definite article is particularly handy, since the French plural in nouns is regularly indicated by the addition of an –s, as in English, but in French the –s is silent in speech – and therefore, without the distinctive plural article, it would be impossible to know (in speech, but not in writing) whether the noun was singular or plural.
Thus, for the feminine, we have:
● The apple = La pomme
● The apples = Les pommes
(with pomme pronounced identically in the singular and plural)
And for the masculine:
● The cat = Le chat
● The cats = Les chats
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(with chat pronounced identically in the singular and plural)
The Definite Article Elided
Before a vowel or a silent ‘h’, the French definite article is elided (meaning a vowel is removed from the end of the word) to l’, for le and la alike:
● Le homme = L’homme = à The man
(With homme pronounced ‘om’ due to the silent ‘h’)
● La aubergine = L’aubergine = The aubergine
It is thought that this feature of French exists largely for reasons of pronunciation, as putting two vowels together (and if the initial ‘h’ of a word is silent, the first thing to be pronounced is the vowel that follows) becomes linguistically awkward and inelegant with the French set of vowel sounds.
Note: An alternative device with the same purpose as the French elision in the use of the definite article, the addition of a consonant between the two vowels instead of the removal of one of them, is found in English instead of the elision (although to a lesser extent), for example when the indefinite article ‘a’ becomes ‘an’
before a noun beginning with a vowel – i.e. ‘an apple’ instead of ‘a apple’.
Interestingly, in French the plural form of the definite article, Les, is not elided when determining a noun beginning with a vowel or silent ‘h’, but remains intact:
● Les hommes = The men
● Les aubergines = The aubergines
Instead of removing a vowel, the –s simply ceases to be silent: in front of a noun beginning with a vowel or silent ‘h’, Les is pronounced ‘Lez’, thus again avoiding the awkward clash of adjacent vowels and providing a smooth vocal liaison between the article and the noun or adjective.
Silent H and H Aspirate
However, the argument for smooth pronunciation above is somewhat undermined by a whole class of words beginning with a silent ‘h’ that do not take elided articles.
Technically, these words do not begin with a silent ‘h’ (‘h’ muet) but an ‘h’ aspirate (‘h’ aspiré), which is very misleading as there is no such thing as an ‘h’ sound in French, and these words are pronounced in the same manner as those beginning with a
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silent ‘h’ – the first sound to be pronounced is the first vowel.
● Le hibou (and not l’hibou) = The owl
● La haine (and not l’haine) = Hate
● Le héros (and not l’héro) = The hero
There is no easy way to distinguish between adjectives and nouns beginning with an aspirate ‘h’ and a silent ‘h’ – each case must be learned. For example, héros does not allow contraction (elision) of the article, but héroïsme and héroïne do:
● Le héros = The hero
● L’héroïne = The heroine
● L’héroïsme = Heroism
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The verb “être” in the present tense
Some verbs in French are not formed in a standard way, and these are called irregular verbs.
One of the most common irregular verbs is être which means to be.
We’ve seen that in French, verbs can have different endings according to whether you use them with I, he, she etc., and that this is called conjugation.
Some verbs in French follow a standard pattern and these are called regular verbs. Many verbs, however, do not follow a standard pattern, and these are called irregular verbs.
Some of the most common verbs in French are irregular verbs. One of these is the verb être which means to be. In the present tense être has these forms:
Le Verbe ÊTRE
Je suis Nous sommes
Tu es Vous êtes
Il est Ils sont
Elle est Elles sont
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Chapitre 22
Vocabulaire:
- Classroom subjects
- Classroom objects
- Body Parts
- Avoir Expressions
Grammar:
-Les articles un, une, des
-Le verbe “Avoir”
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La Salle de Classe
Vocabulaire : Les matières a l’ecole
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L'allemand = German
L'histoire = History
L'anglais = English
L'informatique = ICT
La biologie = Biology
Les maths = Maths / Les mathématiques
La chimie = Chemistry
Le dessin = drawing/Art
La musique = Music
L'éducation civique = PSE
La physique = Physics
La psychologie = psychology
l'E.P.S. = PE/ Gym
Les sciences = Science
Les sciences économiques = Economics
L'espagnol = Spanish
Les sciences nats Biologie
L’italien = Italian
Le français = French
La technologie = Technology
La géo(graphie) = Geography
La gymnastique = Gymnastics
La religion = RE
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The verb “avoir” in the present tense
Summary of AVOIR (present tense) + its USES:
AVOIR = TO HAVE
Billy a des poils noirs et blancs = Billy HAS black & white fur
Il a un visage gentil = He HAS a nice face.
J’ai – I have
tu as – you have
il/elle/on a - he/she/it/one has
nous avons – we have
vous avez - you have (plural)
ils/elles ont - they have
Examples where AVOIR is used to mean TO BE:
With the following expressions:
Avoir froid – J’ai froid = I am cold
Avoir faim - J’ai faim = I am hungry
Avoir soif – J’ai soif = I am thirsty
Avoir peur – J’ai peur = I am scared/frightened
Avoir chaud - J’ai chaud = I am hot
avoir raison - J’ai raison = I am right
avoir tort – J’ai tort = I am wrong
Avoir de la chance – Tu as de la chance! = you are lucky!
Avoir mal a la tête - To have a headache
Avoir mal au ventre- To have a stomach ache
Avoir mal au dos _ To have a back ache
Age in French = AVOIR (to have) + years:
Quel âge as-tu? – How old are you
J’ai douze ans - I am twelve
AVOIR for need or desire!
Avoir besoin de - J’ai besoin de quelque chose! = I NEED something!
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Avoir envie de – J’ai envie de jouer! = I WANT to play!
Il y a = There is / There are:
Oh! Il y a un crapaud! = Oh! There is a toad!
Il y a de bonnes choses en France = There are good things in France!
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Telling the time in French
One important thing to note when talking about the time is that the French make greater use of the 24 hour clock than we typically do. You'll frequently encounter it in more formal situations (for instance, when making appointments) and also when clarifying whether a time is in the morning or in the evening.
In casual conversation where it's pretty obvious whether you're talking about day or night (for instance, when you're talking about going for dinner at eight'o'clock) it's more common to use the 12-hour clock.
In writing, you'll never see times written as 5pm or 3am. It will always be written 17h30 (5.30pm) or 22h (10pm).
To say the time, use il est followed by a number and then heure(s)
For instance:
● it's three'o'clock = il est trois heures
● it's one'o'clock = il est une heure
To say something like ten to eleven or quarter to five you should use moins (minus/less)
● it's ten to eleven = il est onze heures moins dix (It is eleven hours minus ten)
● it's a quarter to five = il est cinq heures moins le quart (It is five hours minus quarter)
To say something like it's ten PAST eleven simply put the number of minutes after the hour.
● It's ten past eleven: il est onze heures dix
Add an et when saying quarter past or half past
● Quarter past one: Une heure et quart
● Half past nine: Neuf heures et demie
More "time" vocabulary:
● midnight: minuit
● midday/noon: midi
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● Ten'o'clock at night: dix heures du soir
● Ten'o'clock in the morning: dix heures du matin
● Ten'o'clock, on the dot!: dix heures, pile!
Les numéros.
1 = un
2 = deux
3 = trois
4 = quatre
5 = cinq
6 = six
7 = sept
8 = huit
9 = neuf
10 = dix
11 = onze
12 = douze
13 = treize
14 = quatorze
15 = quinze
16 = seize
17 = dix-sept
18 = dix-huit
19 = dix-neuf
20 = vingt
21 = vingt et un
22 = vingt-deux
23 = vingt-trois
24 = vingt-quatre
Asking the time.
Quelle heure est-il?
What time is it?
Il est une heure.
It’s one o’clock.
Il est deux heures.
It’s two o’clock.
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Les articles indéfines
In French, few nouns can stand alone. Most need to be introduced or 'determined' by an article. As in English, an article is characterized as either definite ('the') or indefinite ('a', 'an'). In French, articles are also masculine or feminine, and singularor plural, according to the gender and number of the noun they determine. Here are the indefinite articles in French:
masculine singular: un
Tex est un tatou.
Joe-Bob est un écureuil.
Tex is an armadillo.
Joe-Bob is a squirrel.
feminine singular: une
Bette est une chatte.
UT est une université
Bette is a cat. (female)
UT is a university.
plural: des
des tatous
des écureuils
des chats
des universités
(some) armadillos
(some) squirrels
(some) cats
(some) universities
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Uses
As the English 'a' 'an' or 'some', the indefinite articles un, une, des refer to nouns which are non-specific. Un or une may also indicate quantity, 'a' or 'an' in the sense of 'one.' Contrast the use of the indefinite and definite articles in the first two sentences below. The indefinite plural des is always expressed in French, but its English equivalent 'some' is often omitted.
Joe-Bob et Corey ont une chambre dans une résidence universitaire à Austin.
Joe-Bob and Corey have a (one) room in a residence hall in Austin.
Ils ont la chambre numéro 1735 dans larésidence Jester.
They have the room #1735 in the Jester residence hall.
Joe-Bob et Corey sont des camarades de chambre.
Joe-Bob and Corey are roommates!
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La Famille3
Les adjectifs possessives
There are three ways to say 'my' in French. Just like adjectives, it depends on the GENDER and NUMBER. You say mon before masculine nouns; ma before feminine ones and mes with plurals.
So 'my family' is ma famille and 'my parents' is mes parents.To introduce your family you use” Voici”
Voici mes grands-parents. - These are my grandparents.
Voici ma grand-mère et mon grand-père. - This is my grandma and my grandad.
When you are writing in French, you must pay special attention to the endings of words, especially verbs and adjectives. We're going to take a look at adjectives. Adjectives are describing words. They describe a noun. They are quite complicated in French so it's worth taking a bit of time over learning the different rules that affect different adjectives.
Position of adjectives
An important difference between English and French is the position of adjectives.
In English, adjectives go before the noun:
-the tall man
-the red bike .In French, almost all adjectives go after the noun:
-le vin rouge - the red wine
-la fille optimiste - the optimistic girl
Here is a list of the adjectives which do go before the noun in French. Try to learn these off by heart.
As they are the exception to the normal rule that adjectives come after the noun. Almost every adjective not on this list should be put after the noun.
Possessive adjectives - mon, ma, mes
Possessive adjectives have to agree with the noun they are describing.
There are three forms for saying my in French:
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* mon – masculine
* ma – feminine
* mes – plural
A possessive adjective is a type of word like my, your and his. It gives information about who or what possesses something.
Take, for example, the phrase my book. Here the possessive adjective my indicates that the book belongs to me, and not to my sister (in which case it would be her book) or to my cousins (their book).
Let’s look at how to say the French word for my. In French there are three forms for this:
mon - before masculine words
ma - before feminine words
mes - before plural words
As with the definite articles le and la, possessive adjectives have to agree with the noun they are describing. This means that if the thing that is possessed is masculine you use the masculine form, which is mon:
mon chat : my cat
mon livre :my book
mon frère : my brother
Similarly if the thing that is possessed is feminine you use the feminine form, which is ma:
ma soeur : my sister
ma jambe : my leg
ma chemise : my shirt
And if the thing that is possessed is plural you use the plural form, which is mes:
mes parents : my parents
mes cheveux : my hair
mes chaussettes : my socks
Vocabulaire
( French- English)
Describing a person
petit ( e) - small ( short)
grand (e) - big ( tall)
brun (e)-brown
blond (e)- blond
amusant(e)- funny-fun
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patient (e)- patient
intelligent(e)- intelligent
intéressant (e)- interesting
gentille ( gentil) - nice
belle- beautiful
beau- handsome
timide- shy
rouge- red
vert- green
noir ( e)- black
rose - pink
jaune-yellow
orange-orange
blanc-white
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Les verbes ER
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Common “ Er” verbs
adorer, to adore
habiter, to live
aimer, to like
jouer, to play
aimer mieux, to prefer
montrer, to show
chanter, to sing
présenter, tointroduce
chercher,to look for
regarder, to watch
danser, to dance
rencontrer, to meet (by chance)
demander,to ask
rester, to stay,remain
détester,to hate, to detest
téléphoner,to telephone
donner,to give
travailler, to work
écouter, to listen to
trouver, to find
étudier, to study
Subject pronouns :
You can use the pronouns il, elle, ils, or elles to replace a noun at the beginning of a sentence. Remember their meanings :
Il = he or it masculine
Elle = she or it feminine
Ils = they, replacing masculine or a mix of masculine and feminine
Elle = they, replacing only a group of feminine people
objects
Examples :
Paul = il
Paulette = elle
Georges et François = ils
Georges et Julia = ils
Julia et Anna = elles
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La nourriture4
La nourriture
Vocabulaire:
- Food
- Culture on French restaurants in French
-Culture on the different meals in French
- Expressions “ j’aime et je n’aime pas
Grammar: The verb “ manger” in the present
Spelling marks
Le petit déjeuner (breakfast) is usually small and children often drink hot chocolate in bowls with French bread or pastries. In some places in France, lunch - le déjeuner - lasts for the traditional two hours, but most schools and offices now
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have one hour lunches. Le dîner (dinner) is eaten a bit later than in the UK – often from 7.30pm - and it’s common to have a cheese course as well as dessert, especially when friends or family visit.
le petit déjeuner - breakfast
le déjeuner - lunch
le dîner - dinner
Uh oh! Ton frère a faim - your brother's hungry! And now he mentions it, so are you!
J'ai faim! I'm hungry!
Ton frère a faim. Your brother's hungry.
La nourriture is food. What might you eat?
la nourriture food
Je voudrais à manger! I want to eat!
Je mange ... I eat ...
le poisson fish
le chocolat chocolate
les bonbons sweets
les frites chips
DID YOU KNOW… You might see the complete phrase for 'chips' on a menu - les pommes frites (literally 'fried potatoes'). And in the north of France they have frites vans, a bit like our ice-cream vans but without the music!
un gâteau - a cake
une pizza - a pizza
un yaourt - a yogurt
You might want:
un sandwich - a sandwich
une glace - an icecream
In French, the flavor / filling comes AFTER the thing it's filling/flavoring:
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une glace à la vanille - a vanilla ice-cream
une glace à la fraise - a strawberry ice-cream
BUT:
une glace au chocolat - a chocolate ice-cream
When you have à and le together, they become au. (And when you have à and les together they become aux.)
un sandwich au fromage - a cheese sandwich
un sandwich au jambon - a ham sandwich (ham not jam!)
Bon appétit! - Enjoy your food!
Delicious, eh? In French you could say:
Miam miam! - Yum!
If you don't like the taste though, you might say:
Berk! - Yuck!
Rather than saying 'yum' or 'yuck', you might want to say you like or don't like a certain type of food. To do that you use the phrases j'aime or je n'aime pas.
J'aime... - I like...
Je n'aime pas... - I don't like...
You use beaucoup (a lot) and un peu (a bit) to add more information.
beaucoup - a lot
un peu - a bit
J'aime beaucoup les gâteaux. - I like cakes a lot.
J'aime un peu les légumes. - I like vegetables a little bit.
You could also say:
Je préfère - I prefer
Je préfère les sandwichs au fromage. - I prefer cheese sandwiches.
Drinks are les boissons.
les boissons - drinks
J'ai soif. - I'm thirsty.
Je voudrais une boisson. - I want a drink.
Je bois... - I drink...
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une limonade - a lemonade
une eau minérale - a mineral water
Can you guess what une eau minérale gazeuse would be? Yes, water with fizz!
une eau minérale gazeuse - a fizzy mineral water
un milkshake - a milkshake
un jus - a juice
If you want to say what type of milkshake or juice you want, the flavour comes last:
un milkshake au chocolat - a chocolate milkshake
(Remember, a + le = au.)
un jus d'orange - an orange juice
(De + vowel = d'.)
If your mom is thirsty and fancies a hot drink, you might explain elle a soif (she's thirsty) and you could order her un café au lait (a coffee with milk). This will be a big cup of coffee. If you ask for un café noisette you'll get a smaller one!
Il / Elle a soif. - He / she's thirsty.
un café au lait - a coffee with milk (big)
un café noisette - a coffee with milk (small)
Or you might want to ask for something else:
un thé - a tea
un chocolat chaud - a hot chocolate
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Introduction Culturelle
Bon appetit!
Where do you go when you want something to eat or drink? Maybe to a fast-food restaurant or an ice cream place?
French teenagers also have a large choice of places to go when they are hungry or thirsty. Some go to a baker( une boulangerie) or a pastry shop ( une pâtisserie) to buy croissants, éclairs, or other small pastries. Some may buy pizzas, crêpes, hot dogs, or ice cream cones from the street vendors. Still others may go to a fast-food restaurant (un fast-food). But the favorite place to get something to eat or drink is the café. There are cafes practically everywhere in France. As you will see, the cafe plays an important role in the social life of all French people.
How to say that you are hungry:
J’ai faim- I’m hungry
Tu as faim? - Are you hungry?
How to offer a friend something:
Tu veux ? Do you want ?
Qu’est- ce que tu veux? What do you want?
How to ask a friend for something:
Je voudrais…. I would like…
Donne-moi….. Give me
S’il te plait ….. Please
La Note Culturelle
Le Cafe
The cafe is a favorite gathering place for the French young people. They go there not only when they are hungry or thirsty but also to meet their friends. They can sit at a table and talk for hours over a cup of coffee or a glass of juice. French young
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people also enjoy mineral water and soft drinks. In a French cafe, a 15% service charge is included in the check. However, most people also leave some small change as an added tip.
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Le verbe "manger"
Je mange Nous mangeons
Tu manges Vous mangez
Il mange Ils mangent
Elle mange Elles mangent
Vocabulaire
Je mange — I eat*
je ne mange pas — I don’t eat
tu manges — you eat
elle mange — she eats
il mange — he/it eats
on mange — we eat
nous mangeons — we eat
vous mangez — you eat
elles mangent — they eat
ils mangent — they eat
*I’m eating…
Les Signes Orthographiques ( Spelling marks)
French uses accents and spelling marks that do not exist in English. These marks are part of the spelling and cannotbe left out.
In French, there are four accents that may appear on vowels.
- ´ l’accent aigu ( acute accent) Cécile , Stéphanie
- `l’accent grave ( grave accent) Michèle, Hélène
- ˆl’accent circonflexe ( circumflex) Jérôme
-¨ le tréma ( diaeresis) Noël, Joëlle
There is only one spelling mark used with a consonant. It occurs under the letter “ c”.
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-ç la cédille ( cedilla) François
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Les Vêtements5
Les verbes "mettre" & “porter”
Vocabulaire:
- Clothes
- Talking about shopping for clothes
- Asking prices
- Expressing likes and dislikes
-How to shop for clothes?
Grammar: The verb “ mettre” in the present tense
The verb “ porter” in the present tense
Le verbe “ Mettre”
Mettre- To put, to put on
Je mets Nous mettons
Tu mets Vous mettez
Il met Ils mettent
Elle met Elles mettent
Note: The verb mettre has various meanings.
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Il met une chemise et une cravate pour aller au travail.
Les serveurs mettent la table au restaurant.
On met la télévision pour regarder un film
Les Vêtements
un châpeau a hat
un jean jeans
un manteau a coat
un pantalon trousers
un polo a sweat-shirt
un pull a jumper
un short shorts
un t-shirt a T-shirt
une chemise a shirt
une cravate a tie
une écharpe a scarf
une jupe a skirt
une robe a dress
des baskets trainers
des bottes boots
des chaussettes socks
des chaussures shoes
des gants gloves
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un pantalon trousers
un polo a sweat-shirt
un pull a jumper
un short shorts
un t-shirt a T-shirt
une chemise a shirt
une cravate a tie
une écharpe a scarf
une jupe a skirt
une robe a dress
des baskets trainers
des bottes boots
des chaussettes socks
des chaussures shoes
des gants gloves
je porte I wear I am wearing
tu portes you wear you are wearing
il / elle porte he / she wears he / she is wearing
un pantalon
un jean
un pullover
un chemisier
un tee-shirt
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un manteau
un chapeau
un imperméable
Qu’est-ce qu’il / elle porte? What is he / she wearing?
L’uniforme scolaire c’est … The school uniform is …
un pull gris a grey jumper
une jupe grise ou a grey skirt or un pantalon gris grey trousers
une chemise blanche a white shirt
une cravate verte et rouge a green and red tie
Vocabulaire:
To offer and ask for help
J’aime porter……. I like to wear
Je cherche...pour mettre avec……..I’m looking for….. to go with
Je fais du ……. I wear size….. ( in clothing/ shoes)
Je peux essayer…? May I try on..?
Je peux vous aider? ….. Can I help you?
Je voudrais quelque chose pour…… I’d like something for….
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Non merci, Je regarde….. No, thank you. I’m just looking.
Quelle taille/pointure faites-vous?.....What clothing/shoe size do your wear?
Vous avez… en vert/en 40 …… Do you have…. in…..
To ask for and give opinions
C’est tout a fait toi!...... It’s totally your style
Franchement, ils/elles sont un peu tape a l’oeil…...Honestly, it’s little gaudy
Il/ elle vraiment élégant( e) /joli ( e) horrible ….. It’s really elegant/pretty/horrible
Il/Elle te plait …? Do you like…?
Il/Elle me va…? How does it fit me ?
Qu’est-ce que tu penses? …. What do you think?
Le verbe “ Porter”
Je porte Nous portons
Tu portes Vous portez
Il porte Ils portent
On porte Elles portent
Porter and Mettre
To describe what you are wearing, use the verbs porter (to wear) or mettre (to put on).
Example: Ce soir, je porte un pantalon noir et un pull rose.( Tonight, I’ll wear a black pair of pants and a pink sweater)
Example: Demain, je vais mettre une robe bleue. (Tomorrow, I’ll wear a blue dress)
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Les chambres dans la maison
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Vocabulaire
Vocabulaire: Identifying the rooms in a house
Talking about a home and the neighborhood
Grammaire: Demonstrative adjectives ce,cette,ces and cet
The verb “ habiter” in the present tense
Vocabulaire
To describe a house
un appartement……..apartment
l’armoire…...wardrobe
arriver/entrer….to arrive/to enter
le balcon…..balcony
la chambre…..bedroom
une chaîne stereo…..stereo
une commode…..chest of drawers
la cuisine….kitchen
dormir…..to sleep
l’escalier…..stairs
une étagère…...stairs
un fauteuil…..armchair
le garage….garage
le jardin...garden
une lampe….lamp
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un lit…..bed
monter/descendre…….. to go up /to go down
un placard ……. closet/cabinet
le premier étage…..second floor
le rez-chaussee ….first floor
la salle a manger…. dining room
la salle de bain…..bathroom
le salon….living room
un sofa…..couch
une table de basse…… coffee table
une table de nuit…...night stand
un tableau….. picture
une tapis…...rug
les toilettes…..restrooms
C’est un immeuble de…..etages……. It’s a building with …..floors
chez moi……… at (my) home
Dans… il y a …….In…. there is are
Il y a…. pieces…… There are…..rooms
J’habite dans une maison…… I live in a house
jardin…… garden
Demonstrative adjectives (this, that, these, those) are words used in place of articles to indicate a specific noun. In French, they must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify:
Ce is the masculine singular demonstrative adjective:
Ce prof parle trop. - This (That) teacher talks too much.
J'aime ce livre. - I like this (that) book.
Ce becomes cet in front of a masculine noun that begins with a vowel or mute h (learn more):
Cet homme est sympa. - This (That) man is nice.
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Je connais cet endroit. - I know this (that) place.
Cette is feminine singular:
Cette idée est intéressante. - This (That) idea is interesting.
Je veux parler à cette fille. - I want to talk to this (that) girl.
Ces is plural:
Ces livres sont stupides. - These (Those) books are stupid.
Je cherche ces femmes. - I'm looking for these (those) women.
Notes:
Ces is the only plural demonstrative adjective: "cettes" does not exist.
The singular demonstrative adjectives ce, cet, and cette can all mean "this" or "that." Your listener can usually tell by the context which you mean, but if you want to stress one or the other, you can use the suffixes -ci (here) and -là (there):
Ce prof-ci parle trop. - This teacher talks too much.
Ce prof-là est sympa. - That teacher is nice.
Cet étudiant-ci comprend. - This student understands.
Cette fille-là est perdue. - That girl is lost.
Likewise, ces can mean "these" or "those," and again you can use the suffixes to be more explicit:
Je veux regarder ces livres-là. - I want to look at those books.
Je préfère ces pommes-ci. - I prefer these apples.
Ces fleurs-ci sont plus jolies que ces fleurs-là.
- These flowers are prettier than those flowers.
The demonstrative adjective ce does not contract - in front of a vowel it changes to cet. So c'in the expression c'est is not a demonstrative adjective: it is an indefinite demonstrative pronoun.
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A la maison: At home
une addresse an address le garage the garage
un appartement a flat une immeuble a block of flats
un code postal a post code le jardin the garden
un département a region loin de far from
un endroit a place louer to rent
l’est the east neuf/neuve new
un étage a floor pratique practical
grand big près de near
habiter to live presque nearly
une maison a house typique typical
moderne modern
un village a village
mon/ma/mes my
une ville a town
le nord the north vraiment really
le numéro the number la vue the view
l’ouest the west
le pays the country
petit small un arbre a tree
la place square (town) une armoire a wardrobe
premier first un canapé a sofa
un quartier quarter/region/partune chaîne stéréo a hi-fi
la route the road/way une chaise a chair
la rue the road (named) une chambre a bedroom
le sud the south une congélateur a freezer
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vieux/vieil/vielle old à côté de next to
la cuisine the kitchen
une cuisinère a cooker
adorer to love dehors outside
affreux awful une douche a shower
agréable pleasant l’escalier stairs
aimer to like une étagère a shelf/bookcase
ancien old (building) en face de opposite
avoir to have un fauteuil an armchair
un balcon a balcony la fenêtre the window
un bâtiment a building un four an oven
beau/belle beautiful un frigo a fridge
un bois a wood une lampe a lamp
le bruit noise un lavabo a basin
calme quiet une lave-vaisselle a dishwasher
la campagne the countryside un lit a bed
la cave the cellar une machine à laver a washer
le centre-ville the town centre un magnétophonea radio/cassette player
chez at the house of un magnétoscopea video recorder
confortable comfortable les meubles furniture
derrière behind un miroir a mirror
détester to hate une moquette a rug
devant in front of les murs the walls
l’entrée the entrance partager to share
étroit narrow la pelouse the lawn
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les pièces rooms le placard the cupboard
les rideaux the curtains le tapis the carpet
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!En haut
!En bas !
!
! !Au deuxième étage
!Au premier étage
!Au rez-de-chaussée
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Tu habites dans quelle sorte de maison?
J’habite…
Les Magasins7
Vocabulaire
-Les magasins /stores
-The different stores in your neighborhood
- Numbers from 50- 100
Grammaire : Le verbe acheter in the present tense
Le verbe aller in the present tense
IR verbs in the present tense
RE verbs in the present tense
Les Magasins / Stores
une épicerie small grocery store
le marché farmer's market
le supermarché supermarket
un hypermarché superstore, giant supermarket
a boucherie butcher shop
la boulangerie bakery
la charcuterie pork butcher
la confiserie candy store
la crémerie, la laiterie dairy
la fromagerie cheese shop
le magasin de fruits et légumes grocery store
le marchand de vins wine shop
la pâtisserie pastry shop
la poissonnerie fish store
a banque bank
la blanchisserie laundromat
la droguerie drugstore
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le grand magasin department store
le kiosque newsstand
le magasin de confection, de vêtements clothing store
la pharmacie pharmacy
la poste post office
le pressing dry cleaner
la quincaillerie hardware store
le tabac tobacco store
List of RE verbs
attendre to wait (for)
defendre to defend, to forbid
descendre to descend
entendre to hear
fondre to melt
mordre to bite
pendre to hang
perdre to lose
pondre to lay (eggs)
prétendre to claim
rendre to give (back)
repandre to spread
repondre to answer
rompre to break
tendre to hold out
tondre to clip, to shear
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tordre to twist, to wring
vendre to sell
Verbs with infinitives ending in -re form a third group of regular verbs, often called 'third conjugation' verbs. To form the present tense conjugations of these verbs, drop the -re from the infinitive and add the third conjugation endings (-s, -s, -, -ons, -ez,-ent) to the resulting stem. As you listen, note especially that the final -d and -ds in the singular forms are silent. In the third person plural the 'd' consonant sound of the stem is pronounced because of the -ent ending.
Les Chiffres
60 soixante 61 soixante et un
62 soixante-deux 63 soixante-trois
64 soixante-quatre 65 soixante-cinq
66 soixante-six 67 soixante-sept
68 soixante-huit 69 soixante-neuf
70 soixante-dix 71 soixante et onze
72 soixante-douze 73 soixante-treize
74 soixante-quartorze 75 soixante-quinze
76 soixante-seize 77 soixante-dix sept
78 soixante- dix huit 79 soixante- dix neuf
80 quatre-vingt 81 quatre-vingt-un
82 quatre-vingt-deux 83 quatre-vingt-trois
84 quatre-vingt-quatre 85 quatre-vingt-cinq
86 quatre-vingt-six
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87 quatre-vingt-sept 88 quatre-vingt-huit
89 quatre-vingt-neuf 90 quatre-vingt-dix
91 quatre-vingt-onze 92 quatre-vingt-douze
93 quatre-vingt-treize
94 quatre-vingt-quatorze
95 quatre-vingt-quinze
96 quatre-vingt-seize
97 quatre-vingt-dix-sept
98 quatre-vingt-dix-huit
99 quatre-vingt-dix-neuf
100 cent
Commonly used regular -ir verbs include:
affaiblir - to weaken
accueillir - to welcome
choisir - to choose
établir - to establish
finir - to finish
grandir - to grow
jouir - to enjoy
obéir - to obey
punir - to punish
ralentir - to slow down
réfléchir - to reflect
remplir -to fill up
réussir - to succeed
rougir - to blush
Regular -ir verbs
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The following are high frequency, regular -ir verbs. They are conjugated by dropping the "-ir" and adding the following endings:
je -is
tu -is
il-it
nous-issons
vous-issez
ils-issent
Le verbe “ Acheter” / To buy
j'achète
tu achètes
il achète
nous achetons
vous achetez
ils achètent
Aller is one of the most common French verbs. It is irregular in conjugation and literally means"to go." It is also used in some idiomatic expressions and to conjugate the near future Aller means "to go" in most senses that verb is used in English.
Je vais à la banque
I'm
going to the bank.
Il va avec vous
He's going with you.
Nous allons au cinéma
We're going to the movies.
Où vas-tu ?
Where are you going?
Ça va bien
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ALLER -- Video
Tap to watch
It's going well.
Expressions with Aller
Aller is used in several idiomatic expressions:
Je vais à pied
I am going on foot.
Ça va sans dire
That goes without saying.
On y va ?
Shall we go?
Le verbe “ Aller” / To go
je vais
tu vas
Il va
nous allons
vous allez
ils vont
ALLER (To go)
‘Aller’ is an irregular and important verb in French. ‘Irregular’ means that it is not conjugated following a regular pattern.
Je vais = I go/ I am going
Tu vas = You go/ You are going
Il va = He goes/ He is going
Elle va = She goes/ She is going
On va = We go/ We are going
Nous allons = We go/ We are going
Vous allez = You all go or You (with respect) go/ You are all going
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ls vont = They go (all boys/ boys and girls)/ They are going
Elles vont = They go (all girls)/ They are going
So usually we go to different places. Try to match these French places to their English equivalent. Do not draw criss-cross lines but rather put the correct English corresponding letter next to the French or, even better, write the English out under the French. This will make these sheets more useful for revision.
You will notice that some French places have ‘à la’ in front of the place, some have ‘au’, some have à l’…’ and some have ‘aux.’
‘a la = for those places that are feminine and have ‘la’ in front
au = for those places that are masculine and have ‘le’ in front. (à + le = au)
aux = for those places that are plural
à l’… = for those places that begin with a vowel
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Les Sports8
Les Sports
archery le tir à l'arc
baseball le base-ball
basketball le basket(ball)
biking le cyclisme
boxing la boxe
cross-country skiing le ski de randonnée/fond
cycling le cyclisme
diving la plongée
downhill skiing le ski de descente/piste
fishing la pêche
football le football américain
golf le golf
(ice) hockey le hockey (sur glace)
jogging le jogging
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rollerskating le patin à roulette
sailing la voile
skating le patinage
skiing le ski
soccer le foot(ball)
swimming la natation
tennis le tennis
volleyball le volley(ball)
water skiing le ski nautique
wrestling la lutte
The verb faire in the present tense
The verb faire means to make or do.
Faire is also used in most weather expressions: to say It's sunny in French you say Il fait du soleil.
Faire is used when you want to say you're making or doing something:
Je fais mes devoirs à cinq heures
I do my homework at five o'clock
Tu fais peu d’erreurs
You don't make many mistakes
Elle fait ses courses le samedi matin
She does her shopping on Saturday mornings
Que faites-vous demain?
What are you doing tomorrow?
Le mercredi après-midi ils font du sport
On Wednesday afternoons they play sport
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Quel sport aimes-tu ? J’‛aime…
A : Quel sport aimes-tu ? B : J’‛aime le… / la… A : Oui, c’‛est correct. Non, ce n’‛est pas correct.
le tennis
le ping-pong
le basket
le tir à l’‛arc
le football
le badminton
le judo
le hockey
le ski
la gymnastique
la natation
la voile
Elles font de l’équitation
They do horse riding
You also use faire when when you're talking about the weather:
Quel temps fait-il? Il fait du soleil
What’s the weather like? It's sunny
There are quite a few expressions that use faire to express practising a certain sport. Here are some of them, using various tenses of faire.
faire du sport – to play sport
Ils font du sport le matin. - They play sport in the morning.
faire de la natation - to go swimming
Hier j'ai fait de la natation. - Yesterday I went swimming.
faire de la voile – to go sailing
Nous allons faire de la voile demain. - We're going to go sailing tomorrow.
faire de la planche à voile – to go windsurfing
Il faisait de la planche à voile tous les jours. - He used to go windsurfing every day.
faire du ski – to go skiing
Savez-vous faire du ski? - Do you know how to ski?
faire de l'équitation/ du cheval – to go horseriding
S'il faisait beau, on ferait de l'équitation. - If the weather were fine, we would go horseriding.
faire de la peinture – to do painting
Les enfants avaient fait de la peinture avant de sortir. - The children had done some painting before going out.
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The verb faire is commonly used when talking about the weather, for example:
Il fait beau. – It's fine weather.
il fait mauvais. – It's bad weather.
Il fait froid. – It's cold.
Il fait chaud. – It's hot.
il fait du soleil. (or Il fait soleil. – more colloquial) - It's sunny.
il fait du vent. – It's windy.
Il fait du brouillard. – It's foggy.
Il fait jour. – It's light, daytime.
Il fait nuit. – It's night time.
il fait sombre. – It's dark.
faire du piano – to play the piano
Je fais du piano tous les samedis. - I play the piano every Saturday.
Se faire couper les cheveux - to have one's hair cut
Elle va se faire couper les cheveux demain. - She is going to have her hair cut tomorrow.
(Look out for more hairdressing phrases in the November newsletter.)
Cela fait combien en tout? - How much will that be altogether?
Ce magasin ne fait pas cette marque. - This shop doesn't stock that brand.
ils veulent faire Paris en trois jours. – They want to 'do' Paris in three days.
Cette maison fera un bon prix – That house will fetch a high price.
Cet hôtel fait aussi restaurant – This hotel has its own restaurant.
Vocabulaire – 30 words
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cloud …. m …. nuage
cold …. m/f …. froid/e
cool …. m/f …. frais/fraîche
dew …. f …. rosée
drizzle …. f …. bruine
drought …. f …. sécheresse
fog …. m …. brouillard
frost …. f …. gelée
gust of wind …. f …. rafale de vent
iced …. m/f …. glacé/e
lightning …. m …. éclair
rain …. f …. pluie
rainbow …. m …. arc-en-ciel
scorching …. m/f …. caniculaire
snow …. f …. neige
storm …. m/f …. orage, tempête
sun …. m …. soleil
sunburn …. m …. coup de soleil
thunder …. m …. tonnerre
to be cold …. ø …. faire froid
to be hot …. ø …. faire chaud
to melt …. ø …. fondre
to rain …. ø …. pleuvoir
to sleet …. ø …. grésiller
to snow …. ø …. neiger
warm …. m/f …. chaud/e
weather …. m …. temps
weather report, forecast …. f …. météo(rologie)
wind …. m …. vent
wind chill factor …. m …. froid ressenti
Prendre, which means "to take," is one of the most common French verbs. It is
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irregular in conjugation and is found in a number of idiomatic expressions.
Using prendre
Prendre usually means "to take," both literally and figuratively:
Il m'a pris par le bras
He took me by the arm
Tu peux le prendre dans le tiroir
You can take it out of the drawer
Je vais prendre une photo
I'm going to take a picture
Prenez votre temps
Take your time
Prendre has a number of other meanings as well:
1. to come over, strike
La colère m'a pris
I was overcome with anger
Qu'est-ce qui te prend ? (informal)
What's come over you? What's the matter with you?
2. to catch
Je l'ai pris à tricher
I caught him cheating
3. to take in, dupe, fool
On ne m'y prendra plus !
They won't fool me again!
4. to handle, deal with
Il y a
plusieurs moyens de prendre le problème
There are several ways to deal with the problem
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5. to set
Le ciment n'a pas encore pris
The cement hasn't set yet
6. to do well, catch on, be successful
Ce livre va prendre
This book is going to be a great success
7. to catch, start
J'espère que le bois va prendre
I hope the wood catches on fire
Prendre can also mean "to pick up" or "to fetch," especially when used with another verb:
Passe me prendre à midi
Come (by and) pick me up at noon
Peux-tu me prendre demain ?
Can you pick me up tomorrow?
Se prendre
Se prendre has several possible meanings as well:
1. to consider oneself
Il se prend pour un expert
He thinks he's an expert
2. to get caught, trapped
Ma manche s'est prise dans la porte
My sleeve got caught in the door
3. s'en prendre à - to blame, challenge, attack
Tu ne peux t'en prendre qu'à toi-même
You've only got yourself to blame
Il s'en est pris à son chien
He took it out on his dog
4. s'y prendre à - to do something about it
Il faut s'y prendre We have to do something about it, We have to take care of it
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Expressions with prendre
prendre sa retraite - to retire
prendre une décision - to make a decision
prendre un pot (informal) - to have a drink
Qu'est-ce qui t'a pris ? - What's gotten into you?
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Vocabulaire
Minor illness
- The doctor’s office
- The pharmacy
Grammaire: - Interrogative adjectives “ quel, quelle, quels and quelles.
- Le verbe “ souffrir”
Je suis malade. Je vais prendre une journée de congé.
I'm sick. I'm going to take the day off.
Fumer est très mauvais pour la santé.
Smoking is very unhealthy.
Cette personne est en mauvaise santé.
This person is in bad health.
La personne est saine de corps et d'esprit.
The person is healthy in mind and body.
Cette personne est malsaine pour notre fils. Elle a une mauvaise influence.
That person is unhealthy for our son. She is a bad influence.
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PRESENTATION
Le corps peut normalement se guérir tout seul.
The body can normally heal itself.
Ça va soulager les symptômes.
This will relieve the symptoms.
un remède de bonne femme / un remède de grand-mère
It's an old wives' remedy.(derogatory) / It's an old wives' remedy.
J'ai mal dans tout mon corps.
My whole body aches.
Tu me fais mal ! Arrête.
You're hurting me! Stop.
Émilie s'est blessée la jambe.
Emelie hurt her leg.
malade sicken bonne santé healthy
la maladie sickness la santé health
maladif unhealthy en mauvaise santébad health
Le verbe souffrir / To suffer
je souffre
tu souffres
il souffre
nous souffrons
vous souffrez
ils souffrent
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Sometimes French grammar is much stricter than English grammar. A simple question like "What book do you want?" is technically incorrect, because in proper English, the question should be "Which book do you want?" In reality, the former is much more common than the latter.
In French, however, one does not have this option: the French equivalent of which, quel, must be used whenever there is more than one noun that you are choosing between. Like all French adjectives, quel has to agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies - see the table at the end of this lesson.
The uses of quel are fairly straightforward - you need it whenever you want to ask for specific information about a noun:
Pierre m'a prêté un livre. Quel livre ?
Pierre loaned me a book. Which book?
Nous devons partir avant midi. Quelle heure est-il ?
We have to leave before noon. What time is it?
Questions with quel may be asked with est-ce que or inversion:
Quel livre veux-tu ? / Quel livre est-ce que tu veux ?
What book do you want?
Quelles pommes aime-t-il ? / Quelles pommes est-ce qu'il aime ?
Which apples does he like?
Quel + noun may be preceded by a preposition:
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À quelle heure veux-tu partir ? / À quelle heure est-ce que tu veux partir ?
What time do you want to leave?
De quels livres parle-t-il ? / De quels livres est-ce qu'il parle ?
What books is he talking about?
To ask "what is ...?" or "what are ...?" use quel plus the appropriate conjugation of être:
Quel est le problème ?
What's the problem?
Quelles sont les différences ?
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Les Routines Quotidiennes
10
Vocabulaire
Daily routine Le quotidien
answer messages répondre aux messages
brush teeth se brosser les dents
change se changer
chat bavarder
dance danser
discuss discuter
do homework faire les devoirs
dream rêver
dress s’habiller
drive conduire
eat breakfast prendre le petit déjeuner
eat dinner dîner
eat lunch déjeuner
fall asleep s’endormir
get up se lever
go homerentrer à la maison
go to an evening party aller à une soirée
go to bed se coucher
go to school aller à l’école/au cours
go to the disco/nightclub aller en boîte
go to the gym aller au gymnase
go to work aller au travail
groom oneself faire sa toilette
have a coffee/soda boire un café/soda
have a snack prendre un goûter
have fun s’amuser
hurry se dépêcher
listen to music écouter de la musique
make phone calls téléphoner/passer des coups de fil
meet friends rencontrer/retrouver des amis
prepare dinner préparer le dîner
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read the paper lire le journal
rest se reposer
shave se raser
sleep dormir
study étudier
take a shower prendre une douche
take the bus/subway prendre le bus/le métro
wake up se réveiller
walk the dog promener sortir le chien
walk (going on foot) marcher/aller à pied
walk/stretch one’s legs (taking a walk)faire une balade/faire une promenade
wash se laver
watch TV regarder la télé
je me lève I wake up
je prends ma douche I take my shower
je me lave les dents I brush my teethje me lave le visage I wash my face
je prends le petit déjeuner I eat breakfast je prends un café I have a coffee
j’attends le bus I wait for the bus
je vais au travail I go to work
je vais à l'école I go to school
je vais au cabinet I go to the office
je prends le déjeuner I have lunch
je prends une sieste I have a nap
je rentre chez moi I go home
je fais du sport I do sports/I exercise
je rencontre des amis I meet some friends
je vais a la salle de musculation I go to the gym
je prends le dîner I have dinner
je regarde la télé I watch TV
je lis un livre I read a book
je me couche I go to bed
Forming reflexive verbs
With reflexive verbs, the action is done to oneself, that's why the verb has sein front of it in the infinitive. Just look up laver in a French-English dictionary to get the
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difference in meaning between se laver (to get washed).
Reflexive verbs follow the normal conjugation and many are regular -er verbs. They just have an extra pronoun:
je me lave
tu te laves
il/elle/on se lave
nous nous lavons
vous vous lavez
ils/elles se lavent
Just remember that me, te, se become m', t', s' before a vowel or silent h:
je m'appelle
tu t'appelles
il/elle/on s'appelle
nous nous appelons
vous vous appelez
ils/elles s'appellent
Negative Form
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NEGATIVE FORM
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LES ROUTINES QUOTIDIENNES
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Le Téléphone11
Chapter 11
Au téléphone
Vocabulaire: Make and answer a telephone call
Grammaire: Verbs in the past tense that use”avoir”
Le vocabulaire sur le téléphone
Making phone calls
Telephone services in France
All French telephone numbers have ten digits. These are divided into five groups of two digits,
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which are said as numbers unless they start with a zero. So 01 36 15 is said zéro-un trente-six
quinze. France is divided into five telephone zones, and the first two digits correspond to these
zones
01 Paris / Ile-de-France
02 North-West
03 North-East
04 South-East / Corsica
05 South-West
Operator services can be obtained by dialing X.
For emergency serices phone
For directory enquiries phone, for International directory enquiries phone.
General vocabulary
téléphoner à quelqu'un - to phone someone
passer un coup de fil à quelqu'un - to give someone a ring
décrocher / raccrocher - to pick up the phone / to hang up
le combiné - the receiver
composer / faire un numéro - to dial a number
faire le 16 12 47 39 23 - to dial 16 12 47 39 23
la tonalité - dialling tone
l'indicatif - the code
l'opérateur - the operator
les renseignements - directory enquiries
un téléphone sans fil - a cordless phone
un téléphone portable - a mobile phone
un répondeur - an answering machine
une messagerie vocale - voice mail
un bip (sonore) - a tone (on recorded message)
un annuaire - a telephone directory
les Pages Jaunes® - the Yellow Pages
les pages blanches - the phone book
to call the police - appeler la police
to call an ambulance - appeler une ambulance
to call the fire brigade - appeler les pompiers
un numéro vert - a freephone number
une télécopie / un télécopieur - a fax / a fax machine
c'est occupé / ça sonne occupé - it's engaged / the line's engaged
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une cabine téléphonique - a phone box
un téléphone à pièces / à carte - a coin-operated phone / a cardphone
un pager - a pager
un SMS / texto - a text message
Téléphoner à l'opérateur / aux renseignements
To phone the operator / directory enquiries
Je voudrais / cherche à obtenir le numéro de l'Hotel de la Gare à Limoges, s'il vous plaît
I'd like / I'm looking for the number for the Hotel de la Gare in Limoges, please
Pourriez-vous me dire quel est l'indicative pour la Grande-Bretagne?
Could you tell me the dialing code for Great Britain?
être sur la liste rouge
to be ex-directory
téléphoner à quelqu'un en PCV
to make a reverse-charge call to someone
Phrases for making a call
Est-ce que je pourrais parler à Marie, s'il vous plaît?
I'd like to / Could I speak to Marie, please?
Je suis bien chez Mr Lecler?
Is that Mr Lecler?
J'essaie de joindre Mr Lecler
I'm trying to contact Mr Lecler
Pourriez-vous me passer le poste 3934, s'il vous plaît?
Could I have extension 3934, please?
C'est Michel?
Is that Michel?
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C'est Pierre à appareil. Est-ce que Michel est là, s'il vous plaît?
This is Pierre. Is Michel there, please?
Je rappellerai plus tard
I'll call back later
Quand serait-il opportun de lui rappeler?
When would be convenient to call back?
Est-ce que je pourrais laisser un message?
Could I leave a message?
Pourriez-vous lui demander de me rappeler quand il rentrera?
Could you ask him / her to call me when he / she gets back?
Phrases for receiving a call
Allô? Allô oui? J'écoute
Hello
Allô, c'est Marie à appareil
Hello, this is Marie speaking
Est-ce que je pourrais parler à Marie] - Elle-même / C'est moi
I'd like to / Could I speak to ..., please?] - Speaking
C'est de la part de qui?
Who shall I say is calling?
Je vous le / la passe
I'll put you through to him
Un instant , je vous prie
One moment, please
Voulez-vous laisser un message?
Would you like to leave a message?
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Je peux prendre un message?
Can I take a message?
Ne quittez pas / veuillez patienter
Hold the line please
Vous
patientez?
Would you like to hold?
Mr Lecler est en ligne / en réunion / en déplacement en ce moment
Mr Lecler is on the phone / in a meeting / out of the office at the moment
Problems with the line
Je n'arrive pas à avoir le numéro
I can't get through
Ça ne répond pas
There's no answer
Leur téléphone est en dérangement
Their phone is out of order
On nous a coupé
We were cut off
J'ai dû faire un faux numéro
I must have got the wrong number
La ligne est très mauvaise
It's a very bad line
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MANGER VENDUFINIR FINIÉCOUTER CHOISIVENDRE MANGÉCHOISIR ATTENDUATTENDRE ÉCOUTÉ
AVOIR
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The passé composé is the most commonly used tense to refer to actions completed in the past. The passé composé may be translated into English in three different ways depending on the context.
Tex ate all the meat!Tex a mangé toute la viande! Tex has eaten all the meat! Tex did eat all the meat!
Formation This tense is called the passé composé because it is composed of two elements: the present tense of an auxiliary verb (either avoir or être), followed by a past participle: passé composé = present tense of auxiliary + past participle Note that in most instances the auxiliary verb is avoir, but some verbs require être as the auxiliary. For regular verbs with an infinitive ending in -er, the past participle is formed by replacing the final -er of the infinitive with -é. Listen carefully to the pronunciation of the passé composé of the verb 'Jouer'. The past participle (joué ) is pronounced the same as the infinitive (jouer), even though they are spelled differently.
J’ai joué
Tu as joué
Il a joué
Elle a joué
Nous avons joué
Vous avez joué
Ils ont joué
Elles ont joué
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Le passé avec avoir
How to build the past tense in French
To build the past tense in French you need 3 ingredients:
the first ingredient is the subject: je, tu, il, elle, on, nous, vous, ils, elles
the second ingredient is the correct form of avoir: (see book)
the third ingredient is the correct form of the past participle:
verbs finishing in “ER” >> become “é” >> eg: j’ai mangé (I have eaten)
verbs finishing in “IR” >> become “i” >> eg: j’ai fini (I have finished)
verbs finishing in “RE” >> become “u” >> eg: j’ai attendu (I have waited)
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La Transportation12
CHAPTER 12
Vocabulaire: Les pays francophones
dr. and mrs. vandertramp verbs
Forms of transportation
grammaire: verbs in the past tense that use “Être”
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French is spoken officially in 33 countries - that is, there are 33 countries in which French is either the official language, or one of the official languages. This number is second only to English, which is spoken officially in 45 countries. French and English are the only languages spoken as a native language on 5 continents and the only languages taught in every country in the world.(3)
I. French is the official language of France and its overseas territories* as well as 14 other countries:
Bénin
Burkina Faso
Central African Republic
Congo (Democratic Republic of)
Congo (Republic of)
Côte d'Ivoire
Gabon
Guinea
Luxembourg
Mali
Monaco
Niger
Sénégal
Togo
FRENCH North America
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Canada Louisana Islands Haiti Martinque Guadalupe French Polynesia (Tahiti) New Caledonia Europe France Belgium Luxeumbourg Monaco Switzerland South America French Guiana Asia Vietnam Laos Cambodia Africa Algeria Benin Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon
Congo Ivory Coast Djibouti Gabon Guinea Madagascar Mali Morroco
Mauritania Niger Central African Republic Zaire Rwanda Senegal Chad Togo Tansania Reunion
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PRESENTATION
Les transports
There are certain French verbs which require être as the auxiliary verb in the passé composé and other compound tenses, and students sometimes have a hard time remembering them. There are 14 common verbs plus numerous derivatives which take être, and their derivatives usually do too. For example, entrer is an être verb, as is its derivative rentrer. Generally speaking, all of the verbs indicate a particular kind of movement, either literal or figurative - lesson on être verbs.
Intransitive verbs
One very important thing to remember is that verbs only use être when they are intransitive (do not have a direct object):
Je suis passé à huit heures vs J'ai passé la maison.
Je suis monté avant lui vs J'ai monté la valise.
I can promise you that eventually you will instinctively know which verbs take
être, but in the meantime, you might want to try one of these mnemonic devices.
La Maison d'être
The French teach être verbs with a visual: La Maison d'être. Draw a house with a door, stairs, windows, etc. and then label it with the être verbs. For example, put someone on the stairs going up (monter) and another going down (descendre).
DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP
This is perhaps the most popular mnemonic device for être verbs in the United States. Personally, I find DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP redundant since it includes some derivatives, but if it works for you, go for it.
DevenirRevenir&MonterRester
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SortirVenirAllerNaîtreDescendreEntrerRentrerTomberRetournerArriverMourirPartir
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PASSE COMPOSE AVEC ETRE
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DR MRS VANDERTRAMP:Devenir (to become) past participle: devenuRevenir (to come back) past participle: revenuMonter (to climb) past participle: montéRester (to stay) past participle: restéSortir (to leave) past participle: sortiVenir (to come) past participle: venuAller (to go) past participle: alléNaître (to be born) past participle: néDescendre (to descend) past participle: descenduEntrer (to enter) past participle: entréRentrer (to re-enter) past participle: rentréTomber (to fall) past participle: tombéRetourner (to turn around) past participle: retournéArriver (to arrive / to come) past participle: arrivéMourir (to die) past participle: mortPartir (to leave) past participle: partiAPPLICATION IN FRENCH:The VANDERTRAMP verbs use être as opposed to avoir when placed into the past tense. From the list of verbs above,
the past participle is the work you would use after correctly conjugating être. DON'T FORGET to make the past participle agree in accord to both the gender & number of the subjects!! So, if whoever you are talking about is a girl then you must add an extra "e" to the end of the past participle, and if you're talking about more than one person then you need to add an "s" to the past participle. One last caveat is that when there's a mixed group of guys and girls, then you only need to denote plurality and not gender, add an "s" but forego adding an "e".Confusing? Here are some examples of Dr. Mrs Vandertramp at work to help you out:Il est allé au parc hier.He went to the park yesterday.Elle est allée au parc hier.She went to the park yesterday.Nous sommes rentré(e)s chez nous à minuit.We returned home at midnight.
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Vous (singular, formal) êtes né le même jour que moi!You were born the same day as me!If you are a girl, and you want to talk about yourself in the first person ("je"), you must add an extra "e" to the end of the past participle. See the following example:Je suis tombée amoureux de Marc.I fell in love with Mark.Pay attention to a common mistake with the verb sortir! When somebody is leaving you use "être", but when you leave something (an object for example), you use "avoir"!Mme. LeBlanc a sorti son iPhone sur la table.Miss LeBlanc had left her iPhone on the table.
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There are certain verbs that require the “auxiliaire ÊTRE” instead.
The “auxiliaire ÊTRE” is conjugated in the present tense:
Je – suis Nous - sommes
Tu – es Vous – êtes
Il/Elle/On – est Ils/Elles – sont
LA FORMATION : (We need 3 words)
Subject (je, tu, il/elle/, nous, vous, ils/elles)
Auxiliaire être (suis, es, est, sommes, êtes, sont)
Participe passé
Review : “-er” → “é”
“-ir” → “i”
“-re” → “u”
THESE VERBS ARE:
Descendre → DESCENDU
Rester → RESTÉ
Monter→ MONTÉ
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Revenir → REVENU
Sortir → SORTI
Venir → VENU*
Aller → ALLÉ
Naître → NÉ*
Devenir → DEVENU*
Entrer → ENTRÉ
Retourner→ RETOURNÉ
Tomber → TOMBÉ
Re… (add “re” to any of these verbs)
Arriver → ARRIVÉ
Mourir → MORT*
Partir → PARTI
* IRREGULAR VERB CONJUGATION (does not follow the rule)
When we use the “auxiliaire être” we have to make the verb agreement with the subject.
These agreements are similar to the ones used for adjectives
masculin, singulier = rien (nothing)
féminin, singulier = « e »
masculin, pluriel = « s »
féminin, pluriel = « es »
EXEMPLE : ALLER/RESTER/MONTER/TOMBER/RETOURNER
Je suis allé(e)
Tu es allé(e)
Il est allé
Elle est allée
Nous sommes allé(e)s
Vous êtes allé(e)s
Ils sont allés
Elles sont allées
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PARTIR/ SORTIR
Je suis parti (e)
Tu es parti
Il est parti
Elle est partie
Nous sommes parti(e)s
Vous êtes parti(e)s
Ils sont partis
Elles sont parties
DEVENIR/ REVENIR/VENIR
Je suis DEVENU(e)
Tu es DEVENU(e)
Il est DEVENU
Elle est DEVENUE
Nous sommes DEVENU(e)s
Vous êtes DEVENU(e)s
Ils sont DEVENUs
Elles sont DEVENUES
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MOURIR
Je suis MORT(e)
Tu es MORT(e)
Il est MORT
Elle est MORTE
Nous sommes MORT(e)s
Vous êtes MORT(e)s
Ils sont MORTs
Elles sont MORTES
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Le Train13
Le Train
CHAPTER 13
Vocabulaire : -How to purchase a train ticket ?
-Expressions on train travel
-Discussion an interesting train trip in French- speaking Africa
Grammaire: Verbs in the past tense that use avoir and Être
À la gare: vocabulaire.
At the station.
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un billet simple a single ticket
un aller-retour a return ticket
pour Paris for Paris
C’est combien? How much is it?
où est….. where is?
la sortie the exit
le guichet the ticket office
le plan de Métro the plan of the underground
la consigne office
le Métro the underground/subway
la gare routière the bus station
l’horaire the timetable
l’arrêt d’autobus the bus stop
À la gare: vocabulaire.
At the station.
un billet simple a single ticket
un aller-retour a return ticket
pour Paris for Paris
C’est combien? How much is it?
où est….. where is?
la sortie the exit
le guichet the ticket office
le plan de Métro the subway map
la consigne office
le Métro the underground
la gare routière the bus station
l’horaire the timetable
l’arrêt d’autobus the bus stop
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Bonjour
Good day,
Good morning,
Good afternoon
Related Glossary Terms
Index
Chapter 1 - Les Salutations / GreetingsChapter 1 - Les Salutations / GreetingsChapter 1 - Les Salutations / Greetings
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Find Term
Salut
Hi, hello
Related Glossary Terms
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