Florence Carré & Luca Montanarella

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Carré & Montanarella JRC Ispra - IES Florence Carré & Luca Montanarella European Commission Digital Soil Mapping Future Directions in Europe DG JRC

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Digital Soil Mapping Future Directions in Europe. European Commission. DG JRC. Florence Carré & Luca Montanarella.  Who are we?.  Who are we?.  DSM basic principles.  European soil context.  How DSM can help the European policies?. What is the Joint Research Centre?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Florence Carré & Luca Montanarella

Page 1: Florence Carré & Luca Montanarella

Carré & Montanarella

JRC Ispra - IESFlorence Carré & Luca Montanarella

European Commission

Digital Soil Mapping

Future Directions in

Europe

DG JRC

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Carré & Montanarella

JRC Ispra - IES

DSM basic principles

European soil context

How DSM can help the European policies?

Who are we? Who are we?

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JRC Ispra - IES

CCRDG

RECHERCHEDG

BUDGETDG

AGRICULTURE DG

European Commission

25 Commissioners

The JRC is a Directorate General of the European Commission

Mr Janez POTOČNIKEuropean Commissioner for Research

DGRESEARCH

DGJRC

DGENVIRONMENT

OTHER DGs………

What is the Joint Research Centre?

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BGR

INRA

SSLRC

CSIC

NJ OS

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ALTERRA

CSES

EUROPEAN SOIL BUREAU NETWORK

Soil data

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Carré & Montanarella

JRC Ispra - IES

DSM basic principles

European soil context

How DSM can help the European policies

Who are we?

DSM basic principles

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To provide quantitative soil data, producible at low cost and easy-to-interpret-and-use (for other scientists and policy makers)

Core

- for mapping;

To elaborate quantitative methods :How?

- for estimating associated accuracy;

Using easily accessible indirect soil information (auxiliary data)

DSM basic principles

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JRC Ispra - IES

uncertainty

DSM outputs vs traditional maps

Soil type map

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DSM principles

Soil observations Auxiliary data

Soil inference system

(spatial, attribute)

Soil attributes Soil classes

Spatial accuracy

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JRC Ispra - IES

1142 samples over 3700 km2: contents of Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn

Point observations

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JRC Ispra - IES

DSM principles

Soil observations Auxiliary data

Soil inference system

(spatial, attribute)

Soil attributes Soil classes

Spatial accuracy

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JRC Ispra - IES

Auxiliary data

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JRC Ispra - IES

DSM principles

Soil observations Auxiliary data

Soil inference system

(spatial, attribute)

Soil attributes Soil classes

Spatial accuracy

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Carré & Montanarella

JRC Ispra - IES

Regression-kriging Multiple Linear Regression

Yj = a1 X1 + a2X2 + … + an Xn + εj

Soil variable j residuals j

Kriging

Yj

...

... ..... ...

.

. .. ..

..

∑ aiXi

i

.

..

...

..

. .. .. ..

γεj

distance (m)

Sem

i-var

ianc

e

(interpolation process according to spatial autocorrelations of the variable)

Auxiliary data i

Spatially continuous Punctual

Summation of the two maps

regression

kriging

regression-kriging

auxiliary data

residuals

soil variables

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Carré & Montanarella

JRC Ispra - IES

DSM principles

Soil observations Auxiliary data

Soil inference system

(spatial, attribute)

Soil attributes Soil classes

Spatial accuracy

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JRC Ispra - IES

Soil attribute map

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DSM basic principles

European soil context

How DSM can help the European policies?

Who are we?

European soil context

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The European Soil Context

Make a sustainable use of soil

Main target

Main Political frames

The new Soil Thematic Strategy

The Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy

The UN Conventions on Climate Change, Desertification & Biodiversity

To preserve soil functions against threats

To solve the dilemma producing food while preserving the environment (air, water, soil)

To fight against soil desertification & to preserve biodiversities

To limit greenhouses gases

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JRC Ispra - IES

The European Soil Thematic Strategy

It is based on the fundamental that soil is a non renewable resource

The objectives are for the EU countries to adopt specific measures for protecting soil functions against soil degradations

It is been adopted by the EU Commission the 22nd of September 06

The specific measures are addressed in a 10 years agenda

It is built to fill the gaps in terms of soil protection between existing soil related politics

-Basics-

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The European Soil Thematic Strategy

-Functions against Threats-

Biomass production

Storage, filtration & transformation of nutrients, substances and water

Physical and Cultural medium

Source of raw material

Carbon pool

Geologic & archaeologic heritage

Biodiversity pool

Recognized functions

EC (COM231/2006)

Erosion

Compaction

Salinisation

Landslide

Contamination

Recognized threats

EC (COM231/2006)

OM decline

Sealing

Flooding (COM179/2002)

Agricultural threats

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The European Soil Thematic Strategy

-Obligations for EU states-

• Integration into sectorial politics

• Precautionary measures

• Preventing contaminations

• Measures to limit and avoid soil sealing

• Identification of risk areas for the “agricultural threats”- 5 yrs

• Identification of contaminated sites - 25 yrs

• Program of Measures

• National Remediation Strategy

PREVENTION

IDENTIFICATION

ACTION

DSM

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Carré & Montanarella

JRC Ispra - IES

DSM basic principles

European soil context

How DSM can help the European policies?

Who are we?

How DSM can help the European policies?

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Carré & Montanarella

JRC Ispra - IES

Soil threats

Soil observations Auxiliary data

Soil inference system

(spatial, attribute)

Soil attributes Soil classes

Spatial accuracy

Soil functions

Scenario testing/ risk assessment

Market / society Environment

Soil processes

PREVENTION MEASURES

Policies requirements

Delineations

Preventions

DSM

Soil data requirements

Digital Soil Assessment

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Carré & Montanarella

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Example of applications

Soil threats

Soil observations ‘scorpan’ layers

Soil inference system

(spatial, attribute)

Soil attributes Soil classes

Spatial accuracy

Soil functions

Modelling potential erosion in Europe

Use for forecasting the soil erosion dynamics

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Carré & Montanarella

JRC Ispra - IES

Modelling changes in soil erosion during one decade

Soil threats

Soil observations ‘scorpan’ layers

Soil inference system

(spatial, attribute)

Soil attributes Soil classes

Spatial accuracy

Soil functions

Climate (WorldClim)Biomass (NDVI from MODIS)

Relief (SRTM)

PESERA Model

Potential erosion

European Soil Database

Soil crusting

Time (1990-2000)

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Changes in soil erosion between 1990 and 2000

Work done by S. Selvaradjou

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Conclusions

For Europe

All the threats have to be delineated at the European scale and by EU countries

In order to take precautionary measures against soil degradation, research should be done on

- Soil functions modelling (Working Group)

- Scenario modelling with necessary time series soil data acquisition

For the World

Big effort for delivering maps of soil properties at 90 m resolution

The soil properties should be then used for modelling threats and functions

Consortium of Global Digital Soil Mapping (initiative of ISRIC)

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JRC Ispra - IES

Thank you for your interest!

“Unity in diversity”