Désiré KARYABWITE IP Coordinator, E-Strategies Unit, Email: desire.karyabwite@itut

International Telecommunication Union

Arab Regional Workshop on“IP STRATEGIES AND IDN ISSUES”

Damascus-Syria, 16-18 May 2006

“Optimal Integration of IP-based Technologies and Internet Access”

Désiré KARYABWITE IP Coordinator,

E-Strategies Unit, Email: [email protected]

Tel: +41 22 730 5009 Fax: +41 22 730 5484

The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and may not necessarily reflect the opinions of the ITU or its membership..

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction: E-Strategies 2. Challenges of Change: IP Telephony,

Broadband and Interconnections, the high way for Telecom operators

3. Strategy for a smooth migration from circuit-switched networks to packet-switched networks

4. Conclusion

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1. INTRODUCTIONE-Strategies (WTDC 2002 Istanbul)

World Telecommunication Development Conference7 to 15 March 2006 (Doha, Qatar)

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Strategy and Priorities

•Providing assistance in technical and policy aspects of Internet Protocol (IP).•Assisting in technical and policy aspects of e-applications and e-services (e-Government, e-Education, e-Health, e-Agriculture, e-Commerce etc.)•Enhancing security and trust in the use of public networks.•Implementing projects on MCTs and multipurpose platforms (MPPs) .•Enhancing ICT literacy and building awareness on the potentials of ICTs.•Promoting the establishment of a favourable legal environment for ICTs.

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International Telecommunication UnionResolution 50 (Doha, 2006)

Optimal integration of information and communication technologiesThe World Telecommunication Development Conference (Doha, 2006),

consideringa) the role of ITU, in particular the specific functions of the ITU Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU‑D);b) the disparity between those who have and those who do not have access to information and communications technologies (ICT), referred to as the "digital divide";c) the many stakeholders in the public, private, academic, non-governmental organization and multilateral sectors who are seeking to bridge this divide;d) the outputs of Phases 1 and 2 of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS),bearing in minda) that this difference in access to ICTs leads to an extreme escalation of social disparities, with negative impacts on the social and economic environment in the various regions excluded from use of ICTs;b) the interest shown by WSIS in ICT integration,recognizinga) ITU's role as a catalyst, and in particular that of ITU-D as coordinator and promoter of the rational use of resources in the context of the various projects intended to narrow the digital divide;b) that the integration models supported by the ITU Member States are an element that integrates, facilitates and does not exclude, one which takes into account the individual characteristics of all existing projects, respecting their autonomy and independence; c) that the integration models propose ways to increase the profitability of existing infrastructure, to lower the cost of developing and implementing ICT projects and platforms, to provide for the sharing of expertise and skills, and to foster intraregional and extraregional technology transfers,Resolves

1 that the Telecommunication Development Bureau (BDT) adopt all necessary measures to implement regional projects derived from the non‑exclusive integration models which it has acquired, to link all stakeholders, organizations and institutions of the various sectors in an ongoing relationship of cooperation in which information is disseminated over networks, so as to narrow the digital divide in line with the outputs of Phases 1 and 2 of WSIS;2 that BDT use the funds at its disposal to attain that objective;3 that BDT play a central role in this initiative;4 that relevant testing be conducted in each of the six regions.

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Technology and application interaction

V.34

V.90

DSL, Cable, PLC

Fiber, PLC Audio/VideoStreaming

MultichannelBroadcast TV

MP3WWW

E-mail, Chat, SMS

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time

Applicationusage

Bandwidth requiredper streaming application

Compressiontechniques

More applicationsper household

(audio streaming, video streaming, …)

Bandwidth requirementsper household

20Mbps

5Mbps

2Mbps

1992 1996 2000 2002

1Mbps

MPEG2

MPEG4

Bandwidth

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Internet user profiles

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2. Challenges of Change: IP Telephony, Broadband and Interconnections, the high way for Telecom operators

2.1 Interconnections are Key issues

Cloud CloudISP 1 ISP 2

IX

Direct connection

Interconnecting via third party operated Internet Exchange PointISP 4 ISP 3

Economy of scale advantages through interconnection over an IX:- cost for maintenance and administration- cost for equipment

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Two different types of interconnections; peering and transit.

Peering: is an interconnection business relationship whereby ISPs provide connectivity to each others´customers

Transit:From an ASP (Access Service Provider) to ISPs. The Internet business in most Countries is mainly based on transit bandwidth...It is the business relationship whereby one ISP provides (usually sells) access to all destinations in its routing table.

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Transit Provider / Access Service Provider

ISP 1 ISP 2

Transit = $$$, ~3 s Transit = $$$, ~3 s

Peering = $, ~3 ms

ISPs : From Transit to Peering in order to improve and optimize the network efficiency/quality

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International Telecommunication Union2.2 The growth of VoIP

• At the start of 2004, there were more than 102 million broadband subscribers in about 100 countries where broadband services were available.•Republic of Korea was the leading economy at the start of 2004, with 23.3 broadband subscribers for every 100 inhabitants. •In terms of absolute number of subscribers, the United States was the largest single broadband market at the start of 2004, with over 25 million subscribers.

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•China added 11 million new broadband users in 2003 to reach 13.5 million, and at current rates of growth, it was expected to overtake the United States by year-end 2004 as the economy with the most broadband users. (China had already overtaken the United States in terms of fixed lines in 2002 and mobile phones in 2001).

•Vonage and Skype are some of the companies that are active in the VoB market. Vonage markets a flat-rate calling plan (unlimited calls in North America for USD 24.99) per month and international virtual numbers which allow for international calls to and from the United States at local call rates.Skype in partnership with Colt, Level 3, Teleglobe or iBasis

SkypeOut network. PC to phone in 22 countries in Europe, Asia, in America

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IP Telephony: Who can do what, where?

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2.3 Changing business models

http://www.skype.com/

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100% Free, no call setup! Click here for more info. For all other rates, click here

AndorraArgentinaAustraliaAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCanada

ChileChina

ColombiaCroatiaCyprus

DenmarkEstoniaFinlandFrance

GeorgiaGermanyGibraltar

Hong KongIcelandIreland

ItalyJapanLatvia

LiechtensteinLuxembourg

MalaysiaMonaco

MongoliaNetherlandsNew Zealand

NorwayPanamaPoland

Puerto RicoRussian Federation

SingaporeSlovenia

South KoreaSpain

SwedenSwitzerland

TaiwanTurkey

United KingdomUnited States

Venezuela

http://www.internetcalls.com/en/index.html

http://www.internetcalls.com/en/free.html

http://www.internetcalls.com/en/rates.html

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100% Free*, no call setup! Max 20hrs per month of free calls. Click here for more info. For all other rates, click here

AndorraAustraliaAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCanadaChileColombiaCroatiaCyprusDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFrance

GeorgiaGreeceHong KongIcelandIrelandItalyJapanLatviaLiechtensteinLuxembourgMalaysiaMonacoMongoliaNetherlands

New ZealandNorwayPanamaPeruPortugalPuerto RicoSingaporeSloveniaSouth KoreaSpainSwitzerlandTaiwanThailandVenezuela

http://www.voipbuster.com/en/index.html

http://www.voipbuster.com/en/free.html

http://www.voipbuster.com/en/rates.html

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IP Telephony: ITU-T H.323 deployment scenarios

•The Gateways (GW) provide many services, the most common being a translation function between H.323 conferencing endpoints and other terminal types.

•A Gatekeeper (GK) is the most important component of an H.323-enabled network. It acts as the central point for all calls within its zone and provides call control services to registered endpoints.

•Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) supports conferences between three or more endpoints

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•Output to VoIP via E1 digital trunk from PSTN lines •Conversion from standard analog subscribers to E1 •Fixed-to-mobile conversion•Connecting old PBX to digital trunks

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2.4 Security issues in Multimedia and VoIP

Security threats in Multimedia communications

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• User and terminal authentication • Server authentication • User/terminal and server authentication counter-security

threats, such as masquerade, man-inthe-middle, IP address spoofing and connection hijacking.

• Call authorization is the decision-making process • Signalling security protection addresses protection • Voice confidentiality is realized through encryption of the

voice packets • Key management • Interdomain security deals with the problem that systems in

heterogeneous environments have implemented different security features because

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ITU-T Recommendation H.530 covers such security needs by addressing security aspects as:

•– Mobile terminal/user authentication and authorization in foreign visited domains.

•– Authentication of visited domain.

•– Secure key management.

•– Protection of signalling data between a mobile terminal and visited domain.

In addition to H.235, H.350 and H.350.2 provide for scalable key management

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International Telecommunication Union3. Strategy for a smooth migration from circuit-switched

networks to packet-switched networks 3.1 IP-based Network development

IP Network Covering the full territory of the country

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NGNStructure of the Focus Group on Next Generation

Networks (FGNGN)

Working Group

AreaWG 1 SR (Service Requirements) GroupWG 2 FAM (Functional Architecture and Mobility) GroupWG 3 QoS (Quality of Service) GroupWG 4 CSC (Control and Signalling Capability) GroupWG 5 SeC (Security Capability) GroupWG 6 Evo (Evolution) GroupWG 7 FPBN (Future Packet-based Bearer Networks)

Group

http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/ngn/fgngn/structure.html

3.2 Next Generation Networks

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3.3 Convergence Aspects

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IPIP

PSTNPSTN

xDSLmodem

RadioModem

Fiber (Ethernet)

xDSL

CaTV

Radio

BTE

BTE

DRG and BTE Element Manager

VideoServer

GamingServer

CaTV Modem

Business Strategies : “Triple Play”-VoIP-Video-Data(EoIP for Everything on IP)

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Italian Case Study: “FastWeb”

-2000, proposed “Triple Play” Solution (VoIP,Internet and Video)-Main cities: Milano, Roma, Gênes , Torino, Naples,

Bologna, Rimini, Modène).- ADSL (Down Stream 4 Mb/s and 512 kbits/s upStream) for « triple play ».-FastWeb belongs to e.Biscom(italian Compagny)-Investement 1,9 billion Euros (2000-2003)-PPP Investors (Milan city, Power compagnies AEM-Azienda Energia Milano). -Infrastructure belongs to Metroweb (a joint-venture e.Biscom/AEM).- FastWeb is responsible for Business Management

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•330’000 subscribers (2003) •131’500 Subscribers in (2002).•1’000 subscribers every day (70 % for Triple Play with no limitation for national Communication, Video communication(10 Mbit/s, no time and volume limitation)•Price 110 euros/m (USD 145) + 95 euros for the installation.• For TV Option: Contracts with (RAI- italian TV, Mediaset and La7). Access to BBC World, Bloomberg, RAINews 24 ou RAISat Sport and other sports. Access to VoD (Video On Demand). 4 to 6 Euros/film

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• VoIP calls: 3,5 millions on FastWeb’s Network

• 20 % of the subscribers use the videocommunication (represents 34 % of the total Traffic)•The Revenue Average is 790 euros/year +

130 euros (VoD) / Sub.•Technologies Partners include : Cisco

System, Pirelli, Telsey (gateways and terminals), Alcatel, Marconi and NetCentrex ( for VoIP and videocom)

• National Strategy for the moment•Positive cash flow expected in 2005

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3.4 Key strategic issues to be analyzed

Legal interceptionSome regulatory agencies fear that voice over broadband services may open the way to ill-intended users to hide behind anonymity to conduct illegal activities (for example, drug dealing or terrorism). If the service is non-licensed, then it may be difficult for legal authorities to trace, or monitor, suspicious calls.Taxation ModelIt may be inefficient to tax only licensed operators, because this will encourage those licensed operators to shift more of their traffic onto untaxed VoIP platforms/Triple Play.

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Interconnection paymentsThe completion of a long-distance or international call typically requires the cooperation of two or more PTOs, at the origin and destination of the call and for transit. The PTO handling call termination and transit may require interconnection payments from the originator of the call.

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Policy and Administration of IXPThe decision to be made is on having Bi-lateral orMulti-lateral peering agreements to rule over the trafficexchange over the IX:1. Multi-lateral peering agreement implies that all

connected ISPs must peer with all other ISPs connected to the IX, on the same conditions.

2. Bi-lateral leaves it to the ISP to decide with whom to peer and on what conditions, but they must have peering agreements with at least two if they want to use the IX.

Documents Policy of IXP Connection agreement Service definition

Procedures Joining Termination Payment of fees

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Open standard : DVB-RCS (Digital Video Broadcast - Return Channel System) (up to 8 Mbps downstream and up to 2 Mbps upstream or ….).

Class 1 (0 to 150 ms for really time com) Tel. Com

Class 2 (150 to 300 ms) bi-directional not really time

Class 3 (300 to 700 ms) half-duplex

Class 4 (> 700 ms) mil radio …

Access technologies and QoS

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Satellite Interconnections: DVB-OBP

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http://www.infos-du-net.com/img.php?url=http://www.infos-du-net.com/images/ADSL2vsVDSL.png

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Medium Voltage Cable

Low Voltage Network

Transformer Station(HV/MV)

(110-380/10-30KV)

Transformer (MV/LV)(10-30KV/ 0.4-0.110KV)

FiberBackbone

IP Connectivity and PLC (Power Line Communication)

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Optical Cables over Power Line: Multi-stakeholders approach

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T1315280-98

E

F

D

E

F

D

E

F

D

E

F

D

E

F

D

AInternet

HFTTH

HFTTC

HFTTC

JFTTH

JFTTC

Physical representation

IProuter

Videoserver

Switch Switch

Videoserver

Avideo

Switch

B-ISDN

IProuter

Videoserver

Telecommunicationsnetwork

Fibre

Fibredistribution

Phone

TV

PC

Fibre to the home

Video/data/phone services

Fibredistribution

Fibredistribution

Fibre

Coppertwisted pairor coax

Phone

TV

PC

Fibre to the curb

Fibre to the buildingApartment building

Fibre

Phone

TV

PC

Phone

TV

PC

Phone

TV

PC

Coppertwisted pairor coax

JFTTC

JFTTC

JFTTC

Fibre access scenario

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4. Conclusion

Data traffic is growing more (10 times) compared to the voice traffic and as a consequence, the past concept of telephone networks, which also carry data might be replaced by the concept of data networks that also carry voice.

In this regard, seam-less interworking between IP-based networks and PSTN and the interoperability of their respective applications or services is essential in meeting the business requirements placed on modern communication networks.

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• Best practices for DNS and IP addresses Management

• Governing Law and Dispute Resolution • Clear responsibilities IXP/ Member

Responsibilites• Clear Membership policy and Connection to

IXP• Fees• Clear Corporate Strategies • Clear Business Strategies

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Désiré KARYABWITE

IP Coordinator,

E-Strategy Unit,

Email: [email protected]

Tel: +41 22 730 5009 Fax: +41 22 730 5484

Thank you for your Attention

For more details: www.itu.int/itu-d

Désiré KARYABWITE IP Coordinator, E-Strategies Unit, Email: desire.karyabwite@itut

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Transcript of Désiré KARYABWITE IP Coordinator, E-Strategies Unit, Email: desire.karyabwite@itut