15 th CONGRESS15 e CONGRES15. KONGRESS

COPENHAGEN

June 16-20, 1996

universjtatsbibuothek"hannover

lkll_ TECHNISCHEJNFOf?MATlONSBIBL|nTMFk

CONGRESS REPORT"

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RAPPORT DU CONGRES

KONGRESS-BERICHT

International association for Bridge and Structural Engineering IABSE

Association Internationale des Ponts et Charpentes AIPC

Internationale Vereinigung fiir Briickenbau und Hochbau IVBH

Table of Contents

Preface III

Committees V

List of Authors VII

Table of Contents XI

Plenary Session 1:

Environmental Impact of Large Engineering Works

SAID, R. 3

The Aswan High Dam Revisited

GRAY, J. 15

The Great Belt Link - Environmental Experiences

FUSE, Y. 21

KUBO, Y.

ISHIYAMA, S.

NAITO.N.

Environmental Impact from Kansai International Airport

LANDELIUS, S. 35

Environmental and Aesthetic Solutions for the Oresund Link

SUBBARAO.T.N. 45

Sardar Sarovar Project (Narwada Dam) - The Agony and the Ecstasy

SCOULLOS, M. 61

Environmental Impacts ofthe Acheloos River Diversion

Plenary Session 2:

Large Bridges

SAUVAGEOT, G. 75

Northumberland Strait Crossing, Canada

MIYATA.T. 81

YAMADA, H.

New Ideas for Detailed Investigations on Aerodynamic Behavior of

Long Span Suspension Bridges

TABLE OF CONTENTS

KAROUMI, R. 87

Dynamic Response ofMulticable-stayed Bridges subjected to Moving

Loads

LARSEN, A. 93

WALTHER, J. H.

A New Computational Method for Assessment of the Aeroelastic

Stability ofLong Span Bridges

TANG, M.-C. 99

Multispan Cable-Stayed Bridges

LAU.C.K. 105

WONG, K. Y.

HO, K. S.

The Wind and Structural Health Monitoring System (WASHMS) for

three longspan cable-supported bridges in Hong Kong

TANAKA.H. 113

DAMSGAARD, A.

REINA, P.

FRANK, N.

MADSEN, B. S.

Aerodynamic Stability of a Suspension Bridge with PartiallyConstructed Bridge Deck

Plenary Session 3:

Aesthetics in Structural Engineering

ADDIS, B. 121

Structural Criticism and the Aesthetics of Structures

VIRLOGEUX,M. 127

Bridges and the Structural Art

CHAKRABORTI, S. P. 135

DHIMAN, B. S.

Relating Bridge Aesthetics to Indian Architectural Heritage

VIERGEVER, M. A. 141

Integrated design of River Dykes

JENSEN, P. O. 147

The aesthetic potential of structure

TABLE OF CONTENTS XIII

SAEKI, S. 157

FUJII, Y.

SUZUKI, S.

OHASI, H.

Aesthetic Design for the Tatara Bridge

BURDEN, A. 163

LENCZNER, M.

Structural Aesthetics: A Japanese Perspective

VAHAAH0,J. 171

JARVENPAA, E.

PULKKINEN, P.

The Cable Stayed Bridges in the Finnish Lake and River Landscape

OSTENFELD,K. 179

Design for Coming Generations

Plenary Session 4:

Structural Engineering and Mitigation of Natural

Disasters

Part 1: Lessons from the Hanshin Earthquake in Japan

KATAYAMA.T. 187

Lessons from the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake of Japan with

emphasis on Urban Infrastructure Systems

WATABE, M. 201

Lessons from the Hanshin Earthquake in Japan: Buildings

WATANABE,E. 213

FUKUMOTO, Y.

SUGIURA, K.

SUZUKI, I

SAKODA, H

Lessons from the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake: Bridges

Part 2: Mitigation of Natural Disasters

SHUTO,N. 225

Tsunamis and Disasters

BERZ.G. 233

The World Wide Increase ofNatural Disaster Losses: Engineering and

Insurance Aspects

TABLE OF CONTENTS

REIGERSMAN, C. J. A. 241

The Fight against Floods in the Netherlands

Plenary Session 5:

High Performance Structural Materials

IDORN, G. M. 255

High Performance of Concrete

GEIKER, M. 263

LARSEN, E. S.

Application of High Performance Concrete

ROLLER, J. J. 269

MARTIN, B. T.

BRUCE, R. N.

RUSSELL, H. G.

Long term performance ofhigh strength prestressed concrete girders

MARCO, R. Di 277

RUSSO, S.

SIVIERO, E.

Minimum reinforcement areas in high-strength concrete

KOENDERS, E 283

BREUGEL, K. Van

OBLADEN, B.

TOLLNER, M.

Cracking Risk and Post-Cracking Behaviour in High Performance

Concrete

VANDEWALLE, L. 289

Toughness ofSteel Fibre High Strength Concrete

HAMOUDA, M. J. 295

BOURLON, D.

A Case Study - Durable Concrete Used in Baynunah Tower - United

Arab Emirates

HEAD, P. 301

High Performance Structural Materials: Advanced Composites

TAERWE.L. 319

MATTHYS, S.

Non-metallic Reinforcement for Concrete Structures : State-Of-The-

Art

TABLE OF CONTENTS XV

MIKAMI, H, 325

KISHLN.

Impact Resistance ofRC Beams Reinforced with Aramid FRP Rods

TAKANASHI,K. 331

KEIRA,KNAGATA,M.

Performance ofnew steels required for future buildings

NAGATA, M. 339

UNO,N.

SHIMURA, Y.

TANAKA, H.

Smart & High-performance Connection Technology for Steel

Structures

KUWAMURA, H. 345

Fracture performance of structural steel subjected to earthquake-induced large plastic strains

Plenary Session 6:

Structural Engineering for Sustainable Development

PALOHEIMO.E. 353

The Second Industrial Revolution

SCHMIDT, M. 363

Environmentally effective building materials technology

MAKI, E, 377

Environment-Friendly and Energy-Conscious Building Design

EATON, K. 389

AMATO, A.

Assessing the environmental impact ofstructural flexibility

KIVEKAS, L. 395

Technology for the rehabilitation ofpolluted soil areas and for the

structural groundwater protection in landfills

REIJ.A.W.F. 401

Sustainable Construction as a guide to Engineering Practice at

Rijkswaterstaat

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Special Session 1:

Management of Structures

BRANCO, F. A. 409

BRITO, J. De

General Aspects of Management of Structures

CLAUSEN, P. 421

Bridge Management System - Experience and Future Trends

HENRIKSEN, C. 433

Management of Structures

JARSKY, C. 439

On modelling of Management and Maintenance of Structures

SANDAGER JENSEN, J. 445

Optimized Management and Maintenance of Structures

LIU, C. 457

HAMMAD, A.

ITOH, Y.

Cost Optimization of Bridge Maintenance using Generic Algorithm

Special Session 2:

Demolition and Recycling of Structures

HENDRIKS, C. F. 465

HENRICHSEN, A.

Concrete with Recycled Aggregates

MOLIN, C. 473

Demolition Techniques

KLOFT.H. 481

WORNER, J.-D.

LIEBERMAN, A. Von

An Investigation of the Use of Building Materials in Residential

Premises constructed at Different Times

DAL ZIO PALUTAN, E. 487

PAPARELLA, R.

Problems in Construction Material Waste Recovery

TABLE OF CONTENTS XVII

PAKVOR, A. 493

MURAVLJOV, M.

KOVACEVIC.T.

Exploration and Application of Concrete Elements Made ofReused

Masonry Reinforced by Ordinary and Micro Reinforcement-

Polypropylene Fibres

SPEARE, P. 499

BEN-OTHMAN, B.

Durability of Concrete made using Recycled Coarse Aggregates

Special Session 3:

Expansion Joints, Bearings and Hydraulic Equipment

RAMBERGER, G. 507

Bearings, expansionjoints and hydraulic equipment for bridges

FISHER, J. W. 513

KACZINSKLM.R.

DEXTER, R. J.

Field and Laboratory Experience with Expansion Joints

BRAUN, C. 521

The Design ofModular Joints for Movements up to 2000 mm

NIELSEN, H. B. 529

The Storebaelt West Bridge. Railway Expansion Joints

BUCHE.H. 535

Actual situation in the field of European standardization ofbridge

bearings

MARTELLI, A. 543

BONACINA, G.

FORM, M.

BETT1NALI, F.

MARIONI, A.

The application ofbase isolation in Italy

PETERSEN, A. 549

Hydraulic Stabilization of Cable Supported Bridges

XVIII TABLE OF CONTENTS

Special Session 4:

Design of Concrete Structures for Construction and

Maintainance

ROSTAM, S. 561

Challenge ofthe 21. Century: Success in Service Life Design

CREMER, J.-M. 577

Durability ofBridges

KOENDERS, E. 583

BREUGEL, K. Van

OUWERKERK, H.

TOLLNER, M.

Design and Construction of an Office Building in High Strength

Concrete

AJDUKIEWICZ, A. B. 589

KLISZCZEWICZ A. T.

Simple Construction ofComposite Slab-Column Structures

HAMILTON III, H.R. 595

BREEN, J. E.

FRANK, K. H.

Improved Corrosion Protection Systems for Bridge Stay Cables

MONDORF.P.E. 601

BEILLES, J.-C.

Experience from Recent Large Precast Segmental Bridge Schemes

Special Session 5:

Reliability-based Serviceability Criteria in Design

SEXSMITH.R. 611

Criteria Development for Serviceability Limit State

MELCHERS, R. E, 621

Probabilistic Crack Prediction for Masonry Structures

EL-HOR, H. 627

NOWAK, A. S.

Reliability-Based Criteria for Stress Limits in P/C Girders

CRESPO-MINGUILL6N, C. 633

CASAS, J. R.

Reliability Criteria for the SLS of Cracking in Prestressed Concrete

Bridges

TABLE OF CONTENTS XIX

KAWATANI, M.

KUDO, H.

IMAEDA, T.

Limit State Probabilities of Highway Bridges Including DeflectionLimit

639

VROUWENVELDER, T.

OOSTERHOUT, G. Van

Vibrations in Tall Buildings due to Wind Load

645

Special Session 6:

Risk Analysis in Engineering Decision-Making

DITLEVSEN, 0.

Risk Acceptance Criteria and/or Decision Optimisation

BLOCKLEY, D. I.

Business Process Engineering for Safety

ROSOWSKY, D. V.

STEWART, M.G.

Quality Control and Factors of Safety for Reinforced Concrete Design

H0J.N.P.

QRA of Failure for Structural Decision Making

BREUGEL,K.VanCriteria for Engineering Decision Making - A Comprehensive Strategy

SHETTY,N.K.ROBERTS, C. M.

KNOWLES.N.C.

Risk considerations in decision-making for re-assessment of bridgesand planning ofremedial works

653

665

677

683

689

695

Special Session 7:

Construction Efficiency through Adapted Design

TEYSSANDIER, J.-P.

Recent trends in bridge foundations

THOMSEN, K.

PEDERSEN, K. E.

New Swing Bridge crossing Na?stved Navigation Channel

705

711

XX TABLE OF CONTENTS

YAMASAKLY. 721

YAMASHINA, M.

Cable Construction - Now and Future

LILLE0RE, J. 727

SKOV PEDERSEN, H.

Sea Transport ofComplete Structures

TADROS, G. 735

BILDERBEEK, D. W.

COMBAULT, J.

FOT1NOS, G.

The Design and Construction of the Northumberland Strait Fixed Link

Crossing in Canada

JARVENPAA, E. 743

PULKKINEN, P.

Raippaluoto Bridge, effectively solved continuous girder in cable

stayed bridge

Special Session 8:

Operational Control of Structures

MURRAY, TM. 751

Control of Floor Vibrations State-Of-Art Report

FUJITA, T. 763

Hybrid Mass Dampers with Convertible Active and Passive Modes for

Vibration Control of Tall Buildings

HANSEN, H. I. 775

THOFT-CHRISTENSEN, P.

Wind Tunnel Testing ofActive Control System for Bridges

MIYATA,T. 781

YAMADA, H.

DUNG, N. N.

Proposed Measures for Flutter Control in Long Span Bridges

TESAR, A. 787

Tuned Vibration Control of Slender Structures

IDRISS, R. L. 793

Optical Fiber System for Bridge Monitoring

TABLE OF CONTENTS

JAVOR, T. 799

JAVOR, E

Operational Control during the Long-Term Observation ofthe

Prestressed Concrete Cable-Stayed Bridges

Workshop 1:

Interaction Structures-Foundation

FELD, T. 809

S0RENSEN, C. S.

PEDERSEN.F.

Structure-Foundation Interaction on the Storebaslt Link East Bridge

FRIMANN CLAUSEN, C. J. 819

TJELTA, T. I.

Offshore platforms supported by bucket foundations

PECKER, A. 831GUYOT, T.

TEYSSANDIER, J.-P.

COMBAULT, J.

Seismic Design for the Foundations of the Rion Antirion Bridge

TAKEMIYA, H. 843

Seismic Design of Bridges in View ofSoil-Structure DynamicInteraction

Workshop 2:

Elasticity and Plasticity in Design

EIBL, J. 857

Nonlinear Design and an Appropriate Safety Format

CHEN, W. F. 863

Advanced Plastic Analysis for Steel Frame Design

S0RENSEN, K. Aa. 869

Elasticity and Plasticity in Code Determined Design of Concrete

Structures

HOLAND, I. 875

Structural Analysis ofOffshore Concrete Structures

KERSTENS, J. 881

Elasticity and Plasticity in Design: The Rotterdam Storm Surge Barrier

XXII TABLE OF CONTENTS

ANDERHEGGEN, E. 889

On Plasticity Theory and Reinforced Concrete Computer Aided Design

BLAAUWENDRAAD, J. 895

Plastic Design, Right Turn ?

Workshop 3:

Impact of Computer Technology

GARRET Jr., J. H. 903

The Computer-Aided Engineer: Prospects and Risks

NETHERCOT, D. A. 909

TIZANI, W. M. K.

IT in Construction: Advances and Potential

SCHMITT,G. 919

Instruments ofBridging Traditional and Virtual Design Environments

TAFFS, D. 929

Applying Information Technology

VOS, C. J. 933

Initiation, Development and Implementation of Innovative ComputerSystems in Daily Practice

SHARPE, R. 943

GIBERT, J.

GIPPS, P.

Impacts ofArtificial Intelligence and Optimisation on Design,Construction and Maintenance

Workshop 4:

Structural Connections and Assembly Techniques

TSCHEMMERNEGG, F. 953

New Assembly Techniques in Mixed Structures

JASPART, J.-P. 961

Design ofSteel Connections according ENV1993-1

GREINER, R. 967

UNTERWEGER, H.

Impact of Eurocode 3/Annex J on Practical. Design by Standardized

Steel Connections

TABLE OF CONTENTS XXIII

ANDERSON, D. 975

BROWN, N. D.

Design of Composite Connections according to ENV1994-1, Annex J

KENNEDY, S. J. 985

Integrated System for Analysis, Design, Fabrication and Erection of

Steel Structures

Workshop 5:

Super Long Span Bridges

ITO,M. 1009

Super Long Span Cable-Suspended Bridges in Japan

BROWN, W. C. 1019

Development ofthe Deck for the 3300m Span Messina Crossing

DAVENPORT, A. G. 1031

The Vulnerability of Long Span Bridges to Wind

DIANA, G. 1043

CHELI, F.

BRUNI, S.

COLLINA, A.

Super LongSuspension Bridges: Railway Runnability

GIMSING.N.J. 1055

Cables

OSTENFELD, K. 1063

Comparison between different Structural Solutions. The Great Belt

Project

ASTIZ, M. A. 1079

Wind Related Behaviour ofAlternative Suspension Systems

VIRLOGEUX, M. 1091

Concrete for very Long Span Bridges

Workshop 6:

Design-Construct Impact on the Work of the Structural

Engineer

RIDDER, H. A. J. De 1101

Design & Construct Impact on the Work ofthe Structural Engineer

XXIV TABLE OF CONTENTS

REISMANN,W.mi

Design and Construct, BOT, Public Private Partnerships New

Challenge for the Consulting Engineer

CHRISTIANSEN, T. 1121

The Virtual Design Team (VDT): Computer Simulation for Large

Design Construct Works

TEYSSANDIER, J.-P. 1127

Design and Build Concept in Large Civil Engineering Projects

Workshop 7:

Structural Eurocodes - First Experiences

LITZNER, H.-U. 1133

Structural Eurocodes - First Experiences

KONIG.G. 1147

Practical Aspects Introducing Eurocode 2, Part 2 "Concrete Bridges"

ARPE.R. 1159

Eurocodes the Danish Way

WESTERBERG, B. 1171

Eurocode 2 from the Swedish Point ofView

Poster Abstracts

KLEIN, J.-F. 1185

Development of an innovative Suspension Bridge for the Crossing of

the Lake Geneva in Schwitzerland

CANDRLICV. 1187

RADIC, J.

SAVOR, Z.

Design ofthe new Maslenica Highway Bridge

DORTON.R.A. 1189

Aesthetic Considerations in Twinning the Blue Water Bridge

HONDA, H. 1191

FUJINO, Y.

IIMURA, Y.

Structural rigidity of cable stayed bridge used glue laminated timber

based on test and analysis

TABLE OF CONTENTS XXV

MONACO, P. 1193

COTA, D.

Multistayed Cable-stayed Bridges with Suspension in CFRP

MATTHYS,S. 1195

TAERWE, L.

Comparison of concrete slabs reinforced or prestressed with non-

metallic and steel bars

TAERWE, L 1197

THOMAS, P.

PAUW, P. De

Influence ofmaterial and tendon characteristics on the structural

behaviour oftwo-span post-tensioned concrete beams

EATON, K. 1199

OGDEN, R.

Fabric energy storage in lightweight building structures

KVEDARAS.A.K. 1201

SAPALAS, A.

Efficiency ofComposite Structural Systems

SODERQVIST, M.-K. 1203

VEIJOLA, M.

Finnish Bridge Maintenance and Management

KERSTENS, J. 1205

STEKELENBURG, G. Van

The Ball Bearing ofthe Rotterdam Storm Surge Barrier: A World

Record

MOOR, G. 1207

Modular Expansion Joints for BigMovements

MILMAN, B. 1209

A note about Pre-cast Concrete in Brazil

ROSOWSKY, D. V. 1211

FRIDLEY.KJ.

Reliability-based serviceability design for wood members and systems

including time effects

XXVI TABLE OF CONTENTS

SPACONE.E. 1213

FRANGOPOL, D. M.

Reliability-based evaluation of RC structures with load-path

dependency

GLUVER.H. 1215

OLSEN, D.

BACH, P. E.

Pier Protection ofthe New Sidney Lanier Bridge

GRAVESEN,H. 1217

FAURSCHOU M.

Displacement of0resund Bridge Piers from Ship Impact

ANDERHEGGEN, E. 1219

STEFFEN.P.N.TABATABAI, S. M. R.

Finite Elements and Plasticity Theory: Application in Practice-

Oriented Dimensioning ofReinforced Concrete Structures