Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat

27
Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat Lyon, 20 Octobre 2011 Yves Gaspar Lombardy Foundation for the Environment Catholic University of Brescia Energy efficiency in Heat + Electricity co-generation: the Lombardy’s best practices

description

Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat. Energy efficiency in Heat + Electricity co-generation: the Lombardy’s best practices. Yves Gaspar Lombardy Foundation for the Environment Catholic University of Brescia. Lyon, 20 Octobre 2011. Energy use efficiency: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat

Page 1: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat

Lyon, 20 Octobre 2011

Yves GasparLombardy Foundation for the Environment

Catholic University of Brescia

Energy efficiency in Heat + Electricity co-generation:

the Lombardy’s best practices

Page 2: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

S. Carnot 1796-1832

Energy use efficiency:

Performance of thermal engines

Page 3: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

The heat engines

QQHH = Q = QCC + W + W

ηη

QQ

HH

QQCC

WW

Page 4: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

Combined heat & power generationCombined heat & power generation

Page 5: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

District Heating in EU – Present Situation

Page 6: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

District Heating in EU – Present Situation

District heating is a convenient way to heating space and tap water.

In many processes, for example when electricity is generated or waste is burned, large parts of the energy are set free in the form of surplus heat.

The fundamental idea behind modern district heating is to recycle this surplus heat which otherwise would be wasted- from electricity production, from fuel and biofuel-refining, and from different industrial processes.

Furthermore, district heating can make use of the many kinds of renewables (biomass, geothermal, solar thermal).

DH has an average market share of 10 percent in Europe, but it is particularly widespread in North, Central and Eastern Europe, where market shares often reach 50 percent and more.

Page 7: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

District Heating in EU – Present Situation

At present 69% of the primary energy demand in EU is originated in urban areas, where the DH benefits are higher.

More than 83% of heat delivered by DH systems is originated by “surplus heat”, CHP and renewable energies. DH contibutes to the reduction of primary energy demand and CO2 emissions in EU.

At present DH in the EU saves 0,9 EJ/year of primary energy and avoids 113 Mt/year of CO2 emission

Ecoheatcool project, co-financed by the European Commission, confirms the possibility of saving an extra 400 Mton/year of CO2 (corresponding to 9.3% CO2 reduction, more than the whole Kyoto target) and an extra 2,1 EJ/year of primary energy (equivalent to the annual energy balance of Sweden) with more District Heating and Cooling across 32 European countries.

Page 8: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

Province of Brescia

Municipality of Brescia

BRESCIA

Page 9: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

40 Mm3 heated volume

620 km of double pipe

19.500 connected buildings

130.000 inhabitants supplied

695 MWt of installed power

223 MWe of electrical installed power (CHP)

1 km

C.le Nord

C.le Lamarmora

Termoutilizzatore

BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING – EXISTING SITUATION

Page 10: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING – ANNUAL GROWTH

YEAR

HEA

TED

VO

LU

ME (

10^

6 m

3)

02

46

810

1214

1618

202224

2628

3032

3436

3840

42

Mm3

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

YEARS

DH SYSTEM BRESCIA - HEATED VOLUME

Page 11: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING

2008 OPERATIONAL DATA

Heat supplied by district heating:at customer boundaries: 1.053 GWhtat power plant boundaries: 1.292 GWht

Cogenerated electricity: 857 GWhe

Maximum heat produced(5 gennaio 2009): 560 MWt

Page 12: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING

0

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.600

1.800

2.000

2.200

2.400

2.600

2.800

3.000

3.200

3.400

3.600

3.800

4.000

GW

h

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

A N N I

FUEL USED IN BRESCIA DH SYSTEM

• natural gas• oil• coal• municipal waste and biomass

Page 13: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

100 %

~ 60 % 1000 kg

1000 kWh

650 kWh

TERMOUTILIZZATORE BRESCIA- Integrated Waste Management

Page 14: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat
Page 15: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

TERMOUTILIZZATORE(The waste to energy plant of Brescia)

Page 16: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat
Page 17: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

OPERATIONS DATA 2008:

Treated waste( of which biomass 274.000 tons )

Electricity production (net)

District heating

Fossil fuels saving (Tons of Oil Equivalent)

CO2 avoided emissions

801.000 tons

570 Gwhel

568 Gwhth

> 150.000 TOE

> 400.000 tons

TERMOUTILIZZATORE(The waste to energy plant of Brescia)

Page 18: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

IMPLEMENTED NOx CONTROL IN BRESCIA WTE(since 1998)

• PRIMARY

- low combustion excess air

- 30 compartment grate

- infrared camera for optimization of air supply

- flue gas recirculation

• SECONDARY (NOx reduction)

- SNCR (NH3 injection with 27 nozzles, positioned at

three levels)

Brescia DH developments: NOx Reduction

Page 19: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

STACK EMISSIONS

mg/Nm3 (excepted TCDD in ng/Nm3)

dry, 11% O2

AUTORIZZ. REGIONALE

1993

DESIGN DATA

1994

EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE 2000/76/CE

(recepit in Italy in 2005)

ACTUAL OPERATIONAL

DATA(typical)

Dust 10 3 10 <0,5

SO2 150 40 50 10

NOx 200 100 200 80

HCl 30 20 10 4

HF 1 1 1 0,1

CO 100 40 50 15

Heavy metals 2 0,5 0,5 0,01

Cd 0,1 0,02 0,05 0,002

Hg 0,1 0,02 0,05 0,002

IPA 0,05 0,01 0,01 <0,001

TCDD Teq ng/Nm3 0,1 0,1 0,1 <0,005

TERMOUTILIZZATORE(The waste to energy plant of Brescia)

Page 20: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

Fig 47 – Riduzione della media annuale di PM10 (µg/m3) conseguente all’introduzione del teleriscaldamento

STUDIO DI DISPERSIONE ATMOSFERICA

DI INQUINANTI EMESSI SUL TERRITORIO BRESCANO

Comune di Brescia – Università degli Studi di Brescia

Page 21: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING FUTURE developmentS - SCENARIO 2020 -

HEATED VOLUME: 45 Mm3

MAXIMUM PEAK OF HEAT REQUIRED: 720 MWt

ANNUAL THERMAL ENERGY REQUIRED: 1.791 GWht

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

46

VO

LU

ME

TR

IA A

LL

AC

CIA

TA

10

^6

m3

Page 22: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

HIGH DUST SCR LOCATION

HIGH DUST SCR

Brescia DH developments: NOx Reduction

Page 23: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

2 SCR LAYER (24 months operation):

• NOx: 80 60 mg/Nm3

• NH3 slip: 12 1 - 4 mg/Nm3

• NH3 consumption: 0.22 0.20 m3/h (25% concentrated)

• PRESSURE LOSS: < 2 m bar

SCR “HIGH DUST”

2nd PHASE TEST RESULTS (preliminary)

Brescia DH developments: NOx Reduction

Page 24: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

SCR HIGH DUST ON THE COAL BOILER OF LAMARMORA PLANT

EXPECTED NOx EMISSION AFTER DENOX INSTALLATION: < 150 mg/Nm3

• BOILER THERMAL POWER: 200 MW

• FLUE GAS FLOW: 230 KNm3/h

• NOX EMISSION: 500 mg/Nm3

Brescia DH developments: NOx Reduction

Page 25: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

MILANO DISTRICT HEATING

UPDATED 31/12/2008

19,8 Mm3 heated volume

143 km of double pipe

1.240 connected buildings

200.000 inhabitants supplied

639 MWt of installed power

80 MWe of electrical installed power (CHP)

Page 26: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

MILANO DISTRICT HEATING – FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

HEAT PUMP PLANT

Page 27: Conférence européenne  des régions pour le Climat

MILANO DISTRICT HEATING – FUTURE DEVELOPMENT