Computer Hardwares (1)

47

Transcript of Computer Hardwares (1)

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GROUP # 1

Mishal Rubab 208

Kanwal Ashraf 207

Muhammad Mumtaz 215

Qurat ul Ain 221

Talha Ali Ansari 218

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MISHAL RUBAB

208

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TOPIC

Computer Hardware

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COMPUTER

An automatic electronic device that gets input processes

it and produces output.

Collects data(input)

Processing

Give Output

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COMPUTER H ARDWARE

Computer hardware means the physical (internal andexternal) component of a computer and the digital circuitsand computer chips inside the computer.

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H ARDWARE COMPONENTS

Input Unit

Output Unit

Memory

Secondary Storage Unit

Control Unit

 ALU

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H ARDWARE COMPONENTS (CONT·D)

Input Unit

Units from which data enter the computer.

Output Unit

Units which give user the Inf ormation.

Memory

Unit which store data f or the use of computer.

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H ARDWARE COMPONENTS (CONT·D)

Secondary Storage Unit

Other storage units used in the computer f or

permanent storage.

 ALU

Unit which perf orms calculation and comparisons.

Control Unit

Which control all the activities of computer.

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COMPUTER HARDWARE MANUFA CTURES

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K  ANWAL A SHRAF

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COMPUTER H ARDWARE

Motherboard

Motherboard is known as the main board,

system board ,the logic board of the computer.

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COMPUTER H ARDWARE

MOTHERBOARD

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COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER H ARDWARE

Central Processing Unit also called ´The Chipµ,

a CPU, a processor, or a microprocessor.

 An electronic circuit which executes computer

programs, containing a processing unit and a

control unit

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PROCESSORS

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MEMORY (RAM)

RAM or Random A ccess Memory ´Waiting roomµ f or computer·s CPU.

Holds instructions f or processing data, processed

data, and raw data.

Ram is measured by:y Capacity (in Megabytes or Gigabytes)

y Speed (in Nanoseconds)

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MEMORY (RAM)

 Amount of RAM installed will determine.

yWhich software applications will run

(efficiently)?yHow many software applications can be open

simultaneously (multitasking ability)?

RAM upgrades are cost-effective and easy to 

install.

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MUHAMMAD MUMTAZ

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INPUT DEVICES

Input is data put into a computer. Input can be

supplied from a variety of sources:

y

 A person

y  A storage device on computer

y  Another computer

y  Another piece of equipment, such as a musical

instruments.

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INPUT DEVICES

Primary input device:

y Keyboard - M

ost c

omm

on input device; used t

o type in commands and data.

y Mouse or trackball enhances user·s ability to 

input commands, manipulate text, images.

y Joystick useful in education as an adaptive or

assistive input device.

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INPUT DEVICES

Scanners are peripheral input devices which

allow users to import:

y Texty Graphics

y Images

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INPUT DEVICES

Digital Cameras are peripheral input devices that

allow users to create pictures and/or movies in a

digital f ormat.

.

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INPUT DEVICES

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OUTPUT DEVICES

Monitors are the most commonly used output

device.

Most monitors use a bitmap display.

y  Allows user to resize the display.

y Divides the screen into a matrix of tiny square

´dotsµ called pixels.

y The more ´dotsµ a screen can display, the higher

the resolution of the monitor.

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OUTPUT DEVICES

Monitors are connected to a computer system via

a port integrated on the video adapter or

graphics card.

Graphics cards convert digital data output from

software to analog data f or display on monitors.

Typically have additional memory chips on card,

4MB to 64MB.

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OUTPUT DEVICES

Printers

Dot matrix

y

Seldom used in a classroom.y Still frequently used in business.

Bubble or ink jet

Laser

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OUTPUT DEVICES

Speakers is also an output device it is used to 

take the take from the computer.

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OUTPUT DEVICES

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QURAT UL AIN

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STORAGE TECHNOLOGY 

Electronic devices that store, retrieve, and save

instructions and data.

Today·s microcomputers or PCs include several

types of storage devices.

Capacity and speed are important considerations

when selecting a new storage device f or a PC.

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STORAGE TECHNOLOGY 

Magnetic storage devices storedata by magnetizing particles on adisk or tape. They have a limitedlife-span of 1 to 5 years, dependingon the device.

Optical storage devices storedata as light and dark spots on thedisk surface. They have anunlimited life-span.

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STORAGE DEVICES

Hard Disk Drives

Capacity is measured in gigabytes (GB or billions

of bytes).

Typically permanently installed.

Used to store operating system, application

software, utilities and data.

Magnetic storage device.

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STORAGE DEVICES

Floppy Disk Drives

Capacity is 1.44 to 2.0 megabytes

(MB or millions of bytes).

y Storage device with the smallest

capacity

y

Most portable storage media

Magnetic storage device.

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STORAGE DEVICES

CD-ROM Drives

Typically installed on all new computer systems.

(Were add-on device until the mid 1990·s).

Capacity is 600 to 750 megabytes

Most mass-produced commercial software is

packaged on a CD.

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STORAGE DEVICES

CD-ROM Drives

Used more often now f or backup storage as CD-

RW (read/write) technology has become less

expensive.

Data is read from CD by a laser.

Optical storage device.

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STORAGE DEVICES

Other Types of Drives

Zip Drives ² Several different capacities are

available.

Tape Drives ² Generally used f or system

backups, becoming less common.

DVD drives ² Can also read CDs, now more

common as a standard device on new computer

systems.

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STORAGE DEVICES

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T ALHA  A LI A NSARI

218

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RESEARCH WORK 

Examination Branch of Islamia University of 

Bahawalpur

Interview FromMr. Talib Hussain (Assistant Controller

Examination)

Mr. Muzamil (Master in computer Science) and

Mr. Nauman Mazhar (Bachelor of ComputerScience) on the topic Computer Hardware.

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FINDINGS

Examination Branch is using Network base

System. For that they are using switches to connect the

computers.

They are using Computer Systems having the

f ollowing specificati

ons

y Core 2 Duo Processors.

y Motherboard are Intel.

y Hard Drive of about 320 GB .

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FINDINGS (COND·T)

y RAM they are using is 2GB.

y DDR and DDR2 RAM is in use.

y IBM Keyboards and Mouse are in use.

y CRT and LCD monitors are in use.

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FINDINGS (COND·T)

It is a office place so no speakers are used in

Examination Branch.

Heavy Duty printers are in used.

y

 As their work is very much f 

or the printing

of ResultCards they are using Copier (Ricoh MP2000, Canon

iR2520, HP Laser Jet M1120) as a Network printer.

Fast speed Batch Scanner (Canon 4010RC) is

used in the office.

Using UPS f or the back up of saving data in caseof power failure

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RECOMMENDATION

Campus Management Solution (CMS) is

needed to be adopted by Islamia University of Bahawalpur as directed by HEC.

Manual work need to be changed into Computer

automation.

We have visited the different departmentsof examination Branch and f ound that they working

more manually than computer orientated.

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CONCLUSION

It is concluded that computer play an important

role in every aspect of life and business.Computer hard wear is need to be up-to-date f or

better perf ormance.

If you have a updated system it will work

efficiently, effectively and also

save time .

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Controller Examination

 Ashraf Javed Rana

Contact: 9250241 | 9250243 |

Email: [email protected] |

[email protected] | [email protected] |

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 A NY QUESTIONS

WE WILL ANSWER