Protéger laZone: la p

internation

a biodiversité dans la pratique de l’Autoriténale des fonds marins

Ccz_2.wmv

Surprising diversity of CCZmegafauna from Nautile dives J

Psychropotes longicaudaCirrate octopod

Eyeless fish (Ophidiid?)

Z fauna, e.g., “charismatic” June 2004, > 20 spp. in few km2

Psychropotes semperiana

Anenome

Macrofauna also has very h

80 - 100 macrofaunal species per

Abyssal deep sea

Despite low habitat complexity – Rivals most diverse ecosystems on earth

1 m2

high local species diversity

r m2

Isopod

~ 50 spp per 100 individuals

Num

ber o

f spe

cies

Amphipod

Shipboard pollution

Tailings discharge

Benthic disturbance

Burial

Sediment plume

S

Potential environmental impacts

Sediment redeposition

Benthic ecosystem reecovery will be very slow

OMCO Testing mining Track in CCZ

~1.5 m wide

~10 cm deep

Appears very fresh.

How old is it?

Requires decades for rcommunity stru

recovery of soft sediment cture and function

OMCO Testing mining Track in CCZ

~1.5 m wide

~10 cm deep

Appears very fresh.

How old is it?

Recovery for nodule

Millennia: because nodules grow back

e specializing fauna?

k at rate of a few mm per million years

1) Protect 30-50% of manag(optimize conservation a

2) Each zone should captuvariability (all types of nplains seamounts scarp

General goals for establishPacific nodu

(Clarion-Clipperto

plains, seamounts, scarp3) Each zone should captu

population sizes for mosto “ensure persistence o(core area 200 km x 200

4) Make each zone large enbuffered from impacts osediment plumes (buffer

gement area (CCFZ) and sustainability benefits)re full range of habitat odule fields, sediment ps etc )

hing protected zones in the ule provinceon Fracture Zone)

ps, etc.).re minimum viable st components of the fauna of representative fauna” km).

nough that core region is of mining, e.g., mining r zone of 100 km).

100 km

Physical oceanographic models and tracer experiments suggest plume transport over scales of <100 km

PRA core

(Oebius, 2001; Rolinski et al. 2001; Ledwell 2000; Thurnherr 2004)

400 km

100 km

+ buffer

m

1) Protect 30-50% of managemeconservation and sustainabil

2) Each zone should capture fultypes of nodule fields, sedimetc.).

General goals for establishPacific nodu

(Clarion-Clipperto

3) Each zone should capture mifor most components of the frepresentative fauna” (core a

4) Make each zone large enoughfrom impacts of mining, e.g., zone of 100 km).

5) Replicate zones across the returnover of biota (forced by gproductivity).

6) Integrate zones into existing without compromising scient

7) Straight line boundaries for e

ent area (CCFZ) (optimize lity benefits)ll range of habitat variability (all ent plains, seamounts, scarps,

hing protected zones in the ule provinceon Fracture Zone)

inimum viable population sizes fauna to “ensure persistence of area 200 km x 200 km).h that core region is buffered mining sediment plumes (buffer

egion to capture N-S and E-W gradients in primary

ISA framework of mining claims, tific principles.ease of administration.