Bio221Lec07 Membranes,Integ

8/17/2019 Bio221Lec07 Membranes,Integ

1/31

Essentials of Anatomy and PhysiologyEssentials of Anatomy and Physiology

Fifth editionFifth edition

Seeley, Stephens and TateSeeley, Stephens and Tate

Slide 2.1Copyright© 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Chapter 5: Integumentary System


2/31

Skin and Body MembranesSkin and Body Membranes


• Function of body membranes

•Line or coer body surfaces

•Protect body surfaces

•Lubricate body surfaces


3/31

!lassification of Body Membranes!lassification of Body Membranes


• Epithelial membranes

•!utaneous membrane•Mucous membrane

•Serous membrane

• !onnectie tissue membranes


4/31

!utaneous Membrane!utaneous Membrane


• !utaneous membrane " skin

• A dry membrane

• #utermost protectie boundary

• Superficial epidermis

• $eratini%ed stratifieds&uamous epithelium

• 'nderlying dermis• Mostly dense

connectie tissueFigure ()*a


5/31

Mucous MembranesMucous Membranes


• Surface epithelium

• 'nderlying loose !)T)+lamina propria

• Lines body caitiesthat open to thee-terior

• Function in absorptionor secretion

Figure ()*b


6/31

Serous MembranesSerous Membranes

Slide 4.5 Copyright© 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Surface. simples&uamous epithelium

• 'nderlying loose !)T)

• Lines body caities thatare closed

• Serous layers separated

by serous fluid

Figure ()*c


7/31

Serous MembranesSerous Membranes


• Specific serous membranes

•Peritoneum

• Abdominal

caity

•Pleura

• Around thelungs

•Pericardium

• Around theheart

Figure ()*d


8/31

!onnectie Tissue Membrane!onnectie Tissue Membrane


• Synoial membrane

•!onnectie tissueonly

•Lines fibrous

capsulessurrounding /oints

Figure ()0


9/31

1ntegumentary System1ntegumentary System


• Skin +cutaneous membrane

• Skin deriaties

•S2eat glands

•#il glands

•3airs

•4ails


10/31

Skin FunctionsSkin Functions

Slide 4.9aCopyright© 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Protects deeper tissues from.

•Mechanical damage

•!hemical damage

•Bacterial damage

•

Thermal damage•'ltraiolet radiation

•5esiccation


11/31

Skin FunctionsSkin Functions

Slide 4.9bCopyright© 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• Aids in heat regulation

• Aids in e-cretion of urea and uric acid

• Synthesi%es itamin 5


12/31

Skin StructureSkin Structure


• Epidermis 6 outer layer

•Stratified s&uamous epithelium

•#ften keratini%ed +hardened by keratin

• 5ermis

•5ense irregular connectie tissue


13/31



Figure ()(


14/31



• 5eep to dermis is the hypodermis

•4ot 7part8 of the skin

•Termed 7subcutaneous tissue8

• Anchors skin to underlying organs

•!omposed mostly of adipose tissue


15/31



Figure ()(


16/31

5ermis5ermis


• T2o layers•Papillary layer

• Pro/ections called dermal papillae

• Pain receptors

• !apillary loops

•9eticular layer

• Blood essels

• :lands

• 4ere receptors


17/31



Figure ()(


18/31

4ormal Skin !olor 5eterminants4ormal Skin !olor 5eterminants


•Melanin•;ello2, bro2n or black pigments

• Produced by melanocytes

• !arotene

•#range


19/31

4ormal Skin !olor 5eterminants4ormal Skin !olor 5eterminants


• 3emoglobin

•9ed coloring from blood cells in dermis

capillaries

•#-ygen content determines the e-tent of redcoloring


20/31

Appendages of the Skin Appendages of the Skin


• Sebaceous glands

•Produce oil

•Most 2ith ducts that empty into hair follicles

•:lands are actiated at puberty

• S2eat glands

•=idely distributed in skin


21/31



Figure ()(


22/31

S2eat and 1ts FunctionS2eat and 1ts Function


• Composition•Mostly 2ater

•Some metabolic 2aste

Function

> 3elps dissipate e-cess heat> E-cretes 2aste products

> Lo2 p3 inhibits bacterial gro2th


23/31

3air Structures3air Structures


• 3air follicle

•5ermal and epidermalsheath surround hair root

• Arrector pilli

•Smooth muscle

• Sebaceous gland

• S2eat glandFigure ()?a


24/31

Skin 3omeostatic 1mbalances. F;1Skin 3omeostatic 1mbalances. F;1


• 1nfections

• Athletes foot

•!aused by fungal infection

•Boils and carbuncles

•!aused by bacterial infection

•!old sores

•!aused by irus


25/31



• 1nfections and allergies

•!ontact dermatitis

•

E-posures cause allergic reaction• 1mpetigo

•!aused by bacterial infection

•Psoriasis

•!ause is unkno2n

•Triggered by trauma, infection, stress


26/31



• Burns

•Tissue damage and cell death caused by

heat, electricity, '@ radiation, or chemicals• Associated dangers

•5ehydration

•Electrolyte imbalance

•!irculatory shock


27/31

Seerity of Burns. F;1Seerity of Burns. F;1


• First


28/31

Skin !ancer. F;1Skin !ancer. F;1


• !ancer 6 abnormal cell mass

• T2o types

•

Benign•5oes not spread +encapsulated

•Malignant

•Metastasi%ed +moes to other parts ofthe body

•Skin cancer is the most common type ofcancer


29/31

Skin !ancer Types. F;1Skin !ancer Types. F;1


• Basal cell carcinoma•Least malignant

•Most common type

• S&uamous cell carcinoma

•Metastasi%es to lymph nodes

•Early remoal allo2s a good chance of cure


30/31

Skin !ancer Types. F;1Skin !ancer Types. F;1


• Malignant melanoma

•Most deadly of skin cancers

•!ancer of melanocytes

•Metastasi%es rapidly to lymph and bloodessels

•5etection uses AB!5 rule


31/31

AB!5 9ule. F;1 AB!5 9ule. F;1

Slide 4.32Copyright© 2003 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings

• A " Asymmetry•T2o sides of pigmented mole do not match

• B " Border irregularity

•Borders of mole are not smooth

• ! " !olor

•5ifferent colors in pigmented area

• 5 " 5iameter

•Spot is larger than mm in diameter

Bio221Lec07 Membranes,Integ

Documents

Transcript of Bio221Lec07 Membranes,Integ