2006 3dmod Pres
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 13D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chSTATE OF THE ART OF THE METHODS FOR STATIC3D SCANNING OF PARTIAL OR FULL HUMAN BODY
Dr. Nicola DApuzzo
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 23D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chContents of presentation
Measurement - Applications - Technologies
Overview and state of technology
Introduction on 3D human body digitization
Methods Scanning systems
Examples of applications
Different fields
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 33D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch3D Surface digitization of the human body
Full body
Face
Foot
Half body
Skin
Legs
Arms
Hands
Body parts
Back
Chest
What can be measured?
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 43D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Animation
Computer games
Ergonomics
Medicine / Forensic
Anthropology
Cosmetics / Dermatology
Biometry / Security
Fitness / Sport
Appeal / Fashion / Beauty
Art / Sculpture
Communications
Where to use it?
3D Surface digitization of the human body
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 53D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
How to measure?
Laser Scanning
White light projection
Silhouette/Modeling
3D Surface digitization of the human body
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 63D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Where are the systems produced/developed
3D Surface digitization of the human body
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 73D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Laser scanning
White light projection
Modeling / Other
Where are the systems produced/developed
3D Surface digitization of the human body
Europe 0
Asia 4
N. America 7
22
3
7
7
0
5
29
7
19
11 32 12 55
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 83D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Different systems?Example Full Body Scanning: 21 companies, 33 products
3D Surface digitization of the human body
Different results equipment processing application 20000 - 400000
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 93D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Different systems?
Example Face Scanning: 28 companies, 40 products
3D Surface digitization of the human body
Different results equipment processing application 500 - 100000
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 103D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Selection of adequate product/system
3D Surface digitization of the human body
1. List clearly the requirements
full body
2. Consider more criterions
Measurement of?head face foot hands skin back parts
accuracyQuality & type of result?
resolution surface texturepoint cloud color b/w
acquisition timeProcessing?
processing time technical know-how automatism
space limitationEnvironment?
transportability light condition sterilization
crystal engravingDedicated solutions?
mass customization plastic surgery
installation
computer games
Technical expert assistance Consulting !
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 113D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chContents of presentation
Measurement - Applications - Technologies
Introduction on 3D human body digitization
Overview and state of technology
Methods Scanning systems
Examples of applications
Different fields
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 123D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Laser Scanning
White light projection
Silhouette/Modeling
Full bodyHead/faceFoot
Full bodyFaceFoot
Body sizesFaceFoot
Methods Scanning Systems
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 133D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chLaser scanning
Method:
Laser stripe projected onto the human body
Light sensor acquire the scene
Triangulation: distance projected line - sensor
To scan surface parts: displacement of line
Laser scanning system:
Laser beam
Optics
Light sensor
Displacement mechanism:optical, electromechanical, mechanical, free
laser sensorb
ad
Scanning head
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 143D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Full body scanner (VITRONIC GmbH)
3 scanner units moves vertically along 3 pillars
Head scanner (Cyberware Inc.)
1 scanner unit moves horizontally around a person
Foot scanner (Vorum Research Corp.)
3 scanner units moves horizontally along the foot
Laser scanning - Setup (examples)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 153D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Full body scanner Vitus LC (VITRONIC GmbH)
3 scanner units moves vertically along 3 pillars
Total scanning time: ~ 12 seconds
Laser scanning - Setup (examples)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 163D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Head scanner 3030RGB/PS (Cyberware Inc.)
1 scanner unit moves horizontally in circle around a person
Total scanning time: ~ 17 seconds
Laser scanning - Setup (examples)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 173D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Foot scanner YETI (Vorum Research Corp.)
3 scanner units moves horizontally along the foot
Total scanning time: ~ 4 seconds
Laser scanning - Setup (examples)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 183D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Laser Scanning
Silhouette/Modeling
Full bodyHead/faceFoot
Body sizesFaceFoot
White light projectionFull bodyFaceFoot
Methods Scanning Systems
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 193D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chCoded light projection
Method:
Coded light projected onto the human body
Camera(s) acquire the scene
Triangulation: distance projected lines - sensor
Coding system to determine position of source:
binary code, vertical, horizontal, color code, squared, dotted pattern
projector camerab
ad
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 203D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Fullbody Scanner (InSpeck Inc.)
3 pillars placed around a person
Face scanner (Breuckman GmbH)
1 projector and 2 cameras
Foot scanner (Precision 3D Ltd.)
5 projectors and 5 camera
Coded light projection Setup (examples)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 213D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Fullbody Scanner Mega 3P (InSpeck Inc.)
3 pillars placed around a person
Each pillar has 2 sensor units
Sensor unit: projector and camera
Total scanning time: ~ 4 seconds
projector
camera
Coded light projection Setup (examples)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 223D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Face scanner faceSCAN-II (Breuckman GmbH)
1 projector and 2 cameras
2 independent acquisitions
Total scanning time: ~ 1 second
Coded light projection Setup (examples)
camera 1 camera 2projector
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 233D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Foot scanner FotoScan (Precision 3D Ltd.)
5 units: each 1 projector and 1 camera
5 acquisitions (around + bottom)
Total scanning time: ~4 second
Coded light projection Setup (examples)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 243D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Laser Scanning
White light projection
Full bodyHead/faceFoot
Full bodyFaceFoot
Silhouette/Modeling
Body sizesFaceFoot
Methods Scanning Systems
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 253D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chModeling / image processing
Method:
Real 3D measurement is not performed
Image processing / modeling techniques are usedto gain 3D information from 2D images
Examples:
Body sizes measurementfrom two images
Realistic 3D face modelsfrom anthropometrical databaseand two photographs
Foot size measurement
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 263D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
2D Full Body Scanner (Human-Solutions GmbH)
Setup: 1 camera, 2 lights, calibration panel
camera
lightlight
calibration panel
Two acquisitions: front and side
From silhouettes: extraction of body sizes
Accuracy: < 1mm
Modeling / image processing - Examples
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 273D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chModeling / image processing - Examples
3D Face Modeler FaceGen (Singular Inversions)
Modeling software (anthropometric database)
Predefined, parameterized 3D face model
3D shape can be easily modeledto fit photographs (+ texture mapping)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 283D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
2D Foot Scanner FootScan (VisImage Systems Inc.)
Setup: desktop scanner (consumer market)
Acquisition of foot images
Automatic extraction of foot sizes
Modeling / image processing - Examples
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 293D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chContents of presentation
Measurement - Applications - Technologies
Overview and state of technology
Introduction on 3D human body digitization
Methods Scanning systems
Examples of applications
Different fields
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 303D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Appeal / Fashion / BeautyVirtual-try-on, virtual-make-over
Human Body Digitization - Some Examples
MedicinePlastic surgery, forensic
Cosmetics / DermatologySkin measurement
Art / SculptureReproductions, artistic works
Animation
Digital movies
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 313D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Full body scan
Cloth definition (CAD)
Stitching
Cloth simulation
MOCAP
Virtual fashion showVideo:Digital fashion (Japan)
Virtual-try-on
Appeal / Fashion / Beauty
Images:CNNITH (France)
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 323D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
Hairdressing
Head scanning
Haircut 3D modeling
Haircut visualization
Head scanning
Accessories 3D
Virtual-make-over
Eyewear
Virtual-make-over (3DiView, Stellure)
Appeal / Fashion / Beauty
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 333D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chMedicine / Plastic surgery
Face and chest measurement (GFMesstechnik, Novaptus, InSpeck.)
3D measurement of the human face or chest
Virtual planning and forecasting of surgical interventions
Analysis and comparison of pre- and post-operative measurements
Pre- and post-operative comparison
Placing a virtual breast implants
volume measurement and comparison
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 343D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chForensic medicine
Virtual autopsy (Inst. Forensic Medicine, Univ. of Bern)
Documentation of internal and external body morphology
CT and MRI for internal body structures
3D scanning (structured light) for external surface
Analysis and study of injuries to determine causes
CT and 3D scanner (arrow) 3D model of vehicle and injured pedestrian
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 353D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chDermatology
Analysis of 3D topology of skin surface
3D laser scanning of the thighs
Cellulite measurement (Cyberware Inc.)
Quantification of cellulite severity grade
3D laser scanning and results 3D scans arranged with cellulite severity grade
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 363D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chArt / Sculpture
Jurisprudent of Helmick and Schechter (East St. Luis, IL, USA)
3D engraving in crystal
3D scanning (full body, face)
Reproduction of humans
3D printing
Sculptures
3D laser scanning of 12 human faces
3000 3D copies of them, suspended to form two facing heads
Jurisprudent at the Melvin Price Federal Courthouse in East St. Louis (IL, USA)
- colored
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 373D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.chAnimation
Grand Odyssey Mitsui-Toshiba Pavillon at Aichi Exposition Japan
Spectators queuing outside a cinema
3D scan of visitors (structured light scanner)
Fast generation of 3D face mask models
Parameterization to index face features(eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth)
Face mask is inserted and animatedin real time in the digital movie
Spectators see themselves in the digital movie
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N. DApuzzo, 14.6.06 383D Modelling 2006, Paris, France
www.homometrica.ch
www.homometrica.ch
Thank you for the attention!
For any questions regarding3D digitization of the human body: