PLANTES A ALCALOIDES ET PRODUITS …mastervrv.free.fr/S2/RMA2/Cours/4.pdf · PLANTES A ALCALOIDES...

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PLANTES A ALCALOIDES ET PRODUITS APPARENTES

Bernard WenigerPharmacognosie et Molécules Naturelles Bioactives

UMR 7200, Lab. d’Innovation ThérapeutiqueFaculté de Pharmacie - Université de Strasbourg

PLAN DU COURSPLAN DU COURS1.1. Généralités sur les alcaloïdesGénéralités sur les alcaloïdes

!"#$%$&$'%!"#$%$&$'%!$(&)$*+&$'%,!$(&)$*+&$'%,-- "&.&,%.&+)/0"&.&,%.&+)/01$'(2%&34(/,/&,&25/(,(&)+6&+).+71$'(2%&34(/,/&,&25/(,(&)+6&+).+78.).6&")$(&$9+/( 532($6'8.).6&")$(&$9+/( 532($6'--63$:$9+/(63$:$9+/(8.).6&")$(&$9+/(,532($6'8.).6&")$(&$9+/(,532($6' 63$:$9+/(63$:$9+/(;7&).6&$'%;7&).6&$'%

2.2. Monographies de plantesMonographies de plantes<.&$4)/(,5)/:$4)/(,=,6.#"$%/<.&$4)/(,5)/:$4)/(,=,6.#"$%/>.?'&@,'5$+:,/&,:')53$%/>.?'&@,'5$+:,/&,:')53$%/A+$%9+$%.,/&,9+$%$%/A+$%9+$%.,/&,9+$%$%/B'0.%.6"/(,=,.06.0'CD/(,&)'5.%$9+/(B'0.%.6"/(,=,.06.0'CD/(,&)'5.%$9+/(E06.0'CD/(,.%&$&+:').+7,%.&+)/0(E06.0'CD/(,.%&$&+:').+7,%.&+)/0(

GÉNÉRALITÉS

<"&.*'0$(:/,5)$:.$)/:"&.*'0$(:/,#'%D.:/%&.0,F,:'0"6+0/(,$%D$(5/%(.*0/(,=,0.,?$/,D/,0.,50.%&/.6$D/(,.:$%"(@,6/00+0'(/@,.:$D'%@,630')'53200/@,/&6,GG

<"&.*'0$(:/,(/6'%D.$)/:'0"6+0/(,0'%H&/:5(,6'%($D")"/(,6'::/,I%'%,$%D$(5/%(.*0/(I,=,0.,?$/,D/,0.,50.%&/:"&.*'0$(:/,DJ.D.5&.&$'%,D/,0.,50.%&/,.?/6,0/,:$0$/+,KD"#/%(/@,5)'&/6&$'%LM:'0"6+0/(,6.).6&")$(&$9+/(,D+,:'%D/,?"H"&.05)4(,D/,NO,OOO,(&)+6&+)/(,%.&+)/00/(,6'%%+/(,

Relations biogénétiques entre les différents types de métabolites secondaires

GÉNÉRALITÉS - DÉFINITION

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

[:5')&.%6/,[:5')&.%6/,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,D/(,.06.0'CD/(, %':*)/,K50+($/+)(,:$00$/)(M%':*)/,K50+($/+)(,:$00$/)(M!$?/)($&",(&)+6&+).0/@,H)'+5/,63$:$9+/:/%&,3"&")'H4%/,!$?/)($&",(&)+6&+).0/@,H)'+5/,63$:$9+/:/%&,3"&")'H4%/,/&,0.)H/,"?/%&.$0,D_.6&$?$&"(,*$'0'H$9+/(,/&,0.)H/,"?/%&.$0,D_.6&$?$&"(,*$'0'H$9+/(,]/):/,`]/):/,` .06.0'CD/(.06.0'CD/( a,$%&)'D+$&,5.),</$(%/),.+,\ba,$%&)'D+$&,5.),</$(%/),.+,\b4:/,4:/,

($460/,($460/, (+*&.%6/,)".H$((.%&,6'::/,0.,('+D/,(+*&.%6/,)".H$((.%&,6'::/,0.,('+D/, .0,c.02,.0,c.02,K D MK D M K &MK &M

K('+D/M,d,K('+D/M,d, K.(5/6&MK.(5/6&M>.(,D/,D"#$%$&$'%,($:50/,:.$(,>.(,D/,D"#$%$&$'%,($:50/,:.$(,/7$(&/%6/,D_+%,6'%(/%(+(,/7$(&/%6/,D_+%,6'%(/%(+(,(+),0.,D"#$%$&$'%,D/,6/,9+_/(&,+%,.06.0'CD/,?).$,(+),0.,D"#$%$&$'%,D/,6/,9+_/(&,+%,.06.0'CD/,?).$,FF

` 8':5'("(,DJ')$H$%/,%.&+)/00/@,0/,50+(,('+?/%&,?"H"&.0/@,.e'&"(@,0/,50+(,('+?/%&,*.($9+/(@,/&,D'+"(,=,#.$*0/,D'(/,D/,

5)'5)$"&"(,532($'0'H$9+/(,:.)9+"/( a,

>)'&'>)'&'--.06.0'CD/(,'+,5(/+D'.06.0'CD/(,'+,5(/+D'--.06.0'CD/(,F,.06.0'CD/(,F,

.0c20.:$%/(,/&,.)20.:$%/(,.0c20.:$%/(,/&,.)20.:$%/(,D/,0.)H/,D$(&)$*+&$'%D/,0.)H/,D$(&)$*+&$'%

*"&.0.C%/(*"&.0.C%/(

5/5&$D/(,/&,.6G,.:$%"(5/5&$D/(,/&,.6G,.:$%"(

.:$D/(.:$D/(

5')532)$%/(,GG5')532)$%/(,GG

PSEUDOALCALOÏDE : PSEUDOALCALOÏDE : CAPSAÏCINE CAPSAÏCINE

8.5(.C6$%/,/&,D")$?"(F,.((/e,('0+*0/(,D.%(,/.+,/&,3+$0/

E%.0H"($9+/(,&'5$9+/(@,D"(/%($*$0$(.%&,)"6/5&/+)(,D'+0/+)(@ )+*"#$.%&(@D'+0/+)(@,)+*"#$.%&(@,D$.53')"&$9+/(

f)$H$%/,*$'(2%&3"&$9+/,:$7&/,F,53"%205)'5.%/,d,*).%63/:/%&,63.g%/,.0253.&$9+/

>$H:/%&(,.e'&"(,)/&)'+?"(,D.%(,6/)&.$%/(,>$H:/%&(,.e'&"(,)/&)'+?"(,D.%(,6/)&.$%/(,#.:$00/(,*'&.%$9+/(,K)/:50.6/%&,.%&3'62.%/(M#.:$00/(,*'&.%$9+/(,K)/:50.6/%&,.%&3'62.%/(M>)'5)$"&"(,.%&$'7$D.%&/(>)'5)$"&"(,.%&$'7$D.%&/(

PSEUDOALCALOÏDE : PSEUDOALCALOÏDE : BÉTALAÏNES BÉTALAÏNES

0123456547

E06.0'CD/(,%/,6'%&/%.%&,5.(,D_'72H4%/,FE06.0'CD/(,%/,6'%&/%.%&,5.(,D_'72H4%/,F0$9+$D/(,=,&/:5").&+)/,')D$%.$)/0$9+$D/(,=,&/:5").&+)/,')D$%.$)/

?'0.&$0(@,/%&).g%.*0/(,=,0.,?.5/+),D_/.+,?'0.&$0(@,/%&).g%.*0/(,=,0.,?.5/+),D_/.+,

%$6'&$%/ (5.)&"$%/

SX,SX, 1.6&")$/(,K1.6&")$/(,KPseudomonasPseudomonasMM

83.:5$H%'%(,K5($0'62*/@,.:.%$&/@,/)H'&M83.:5$H%'%(,K5($0'62*/@,.:.%$&/@,/)H'&M

ALCALOÏDESALCALOÏDESDistribution Distribution -- état naturel état naturel

Y2:%'(5/):/(,KY2:%'(5/):/(,KTaxus, EphedraTaxus, EphedraM,M,

Rh,X,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,(/,)/&)'+?/%&,63/e,0/(,,Rh,X,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,(/,)/&)'+?/%&,63/e,0/(,,!$6'&20"D'%/(,,!$6'&20"D'%/(,,U%/,9+$%e.$%/,D/,#.:$00/(,('%&,5.)&$6+0$4)/:/%&U%/,9+$%e.$%/,D/,#.:$00/(,('%&,5.)&$6+0$4)/:/%&)$63/(,/%,50.%&/(,=,.06.0'CD/()$63/(,/%,50.%&/(,=,.06.0'CD/(

i/(,50+(,$:5')&.%&/(,('%&,0/(,(+$?.%&/(,Fi/(,50+(,$:5')&.%&/(,('%&,0/(,(+$?.%&/(,FE%%'%.6"/(@,E5'62%.6"/(@,i.+).6"/(@,E%%'%.6"/(@,E5'62%.6"/(@,i.+).6"/(@,i'H.%$.6"/(@,<"%$(5/):.6"/(@,i'H.%$.6"/(@,<"%$(5/):.6"/(@,>.5.?/).6"/(@,j+*$.6"/(@,B'0.%.6"/(L>.5.?/).6"/(@,j+*$.6"/(@,B'0.%.6"/(L

Y0'*.0/:/%&,F,\OY0'*.0/:/%&,F,\O--\W,X,D/(,E%H$'(5/):/(,,,\W,X,D/(,E%H$'(5/):/(,,,6'%&$/%%/%&,D/(,6'%&$/%%/%&,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,/%,9+.%&$&",%'&.*0/(.06.0'CD/(,/%,9+.%&$&",%'&.*0/(

k.*$&+/00/:/%&,=,0l"&.&,D/,(/0(,D.%(,0.,50.%&/F,:.0.&/@k.*$&+/00/:/%&,=,0l"&.&,D/,(/0(,D.%(,0.,50.%&/F,:.0.&/@6$&).&/@,&.)&).&/,.$%($,9+_,/%,6':*$%.$('%,.?/6,0/(,&.%$%(6$&).&/@,&.)&).&/,.$%($,9+_,/%,6':*$%.$('%,.?/6,0/(,&.%$%(i'6.0$(.&$'%,i'6.0$(.&$'%, &$((+(,5")$53")$9+/(&$((+(,5")$53")$9+/(j"5.)&$&$'%,D$?/)($#$"/,Fj"5.)&$&$'%,D$?/)($#$"/,F

0.)H/,F,6.#"$%/@,)"&$6+0$%/0.)H/,F,6.#"$%/@,)"&$6+0$%/)/(&)/$%&/,F,32'(6$.:$%/,KB'0.%.6"/(M@,:')53$%/,K)/(&)/$%&/,F,32'(6$.:$%/,KB'0.%.6"/(M@,:')53$%/,KPapaverPapaverM,M,('+?/%&,:"0.%H/,6':50/7/,D_')$H$%/,*$'(2%&3"&$9+/,6'::+%/,('+?/%&,:"0.%H/,6':50/7/,D_')$H$%/,*$'(2%&3"&$9+/,6'::+%/,

]/%/+),F,]/%/+),F,?.)$/,D.%(,D/,0.)H/(,0$:$&/(,F,"&.&,D/,&).6/(,?.)$/,D.%(,D/,0.)H/(,0$:$&/(,F,"&.&,D/,&).6/(, \N,\N,X,K9+$%9+$%.MX,K9+$%9+$%.M?.)$.*$0$&",$:5')&.%&/,K/%?$)'%%/:/%&@,(.$('%@,3/+)/M?.)$.*$0$&",$:5')&.%&/,K/%?$)'%%/:/%&@,(.$('%@,3/+)/M

V'%6&$'%(,D.%(,0.,50.%&/,0.)H/:/%&,:"6'%%+/(,F,V'%6&$'%(,D.%(,0.,50.%&/,0.)H/:/%&,:"6'%%+/(,F,5)'D+$&(,D_/76)"&$'%,D+,:"&.*'0$(:/,.e'&"5)'D+$&(,D_/76)"&$'%,D+,:"&.*'0$(:/,.e'&")"(/)?/,D_.e'&/@,D"#/%(/,6'%&)/,0/(,5)"D.&/+)(,LG)"(/)?/,D_.e'&/@,D"#/%(/,6'%&)/,0/(,5)"D.&/+)(,LG

BIOSYNTHÈSE ET TYPES STRUCTURAUXBIOSYNTHÈSE ET TYPES STRUCTURAUX

CARACTÉRISTIQUES PHYSICOCARACTÉRISTIQUES PHYSICO--CHIMIQUES CHIMIQUES

5k,.06.0$%,F,5k,.06.0$%,F,

9+$%'0"$%/,9+$%'0"$%/,*.(/,*.(/, ('0+*0/,,,('0+*0/,,,D.%( ('0?.%&( ')H.%$9+/(D.%( ('0?.%&( ')H.%$9+/( /&/&

B'0+*$0$&",D/(,.06.0'CD/(,(/0'%,0/,5k,FB'0+*$0$&",D/(,.06.0'CD/(,(/0'%,0/,5k,F

+CH3COO

D.%(,('0?.%&(,')H.%$9+/(,D.%(,('0?.%&(,')H.%$9+/(,/&,/&,0/(,0/(,.06''0(.06''0(

5k,.6$D/,K/7F,.6G,.6"&$9+/M,F

.6"&.&/,D/,9+$%'0"$%/, ('0+*0/D.%(,0_/.+,/&,0/(,.06''0(

CARACTÉRISTIQUES PHYSICOCARACTÉRISTIQUES PHYSICO--CHIMIQUESCHIMIQUES

E+&)/,/7/:50/E+&)/,/7/:50/F,6'6.C%/,*.(/,/&,630')32D).&/,D/,6'6.C%/,F,6'6.C%/,*.(/,/&,630')32D).&/,D/,6'6.C%/,

CARACTÉRISTIQUES PHYSICOCARACTÉRISTIQUES PHYSICO--CHIMIQUESCHIMIQUES

B'0+*$0$&",D/(,(/0(,D.%(,0J/.+,FB'0+*$0$&",D/(,(/0(,D.%(,0J/.+,F630'32D).&/(,m,(+0#.&/(,m,&.)&).&/(630'32D).&/(,m,(+0#.&/(,m,&.)&).&/(

B'0+*$0$&",D.%(,0_.06''0,F,B'0+*$0$&",D.%(,0_.06''0,F,*.(/( /& (/0( ('%& ('0+*0/( D.%( 0/( .06''0(*.(/( /& (/0( ('%& ('0+*0/( D.%( 0/( .06''0(*.(/(,/&,(/0(,('%&,('0+*0/(,D.%(,0/(,.06''0(*.(/(,/&,(/0(,('%&,('0+*0/(,D.%(,0/(,.06''0(

B'0+*$0$&",D$##")/%&/,($,5+),'+,/%,:"0.%H/,FB'0+*$0$&",D$##")/%&/,($,5+),'+,/%,:"0.%H/,F5)"(/%6/,D/,(.5'%'($D/(,5)"(/%6/,D/,(.5'%'($D/(, :'D$#$/,('0+*$0$&",:'D$#$/,('0+*$0$&",/7/7 F,/7&).6&$'%,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,D/,F,/7&).6&$'%,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,D/,Catharanthus Catharanthus

roseusroseus K.P:.0$6$%/MK.P:.0$6$%/M

EXTRACTION DES ALCALOIDESEXTRACTION DES ALCALOIDES

<"&3'D/,60.(($9+/,KB&.(<"&3'D/,60.(($9+/,KB&.(--f&&'M,/&,6')'00.$)/,Ff&&'M,/&,6')'00.$)/,F

!"50.6/:/%&!"50.6/:/%& D/(,.06.0'CD/(,D/,0/+),D/(,.06.0'CD/(,D/,0/+),6':*$%.$('%6':*$%.$('%5.),0J+&$0$(.&$'%,DJ+%/,*.(/,D$0+"/,F,nk5.),0J+&$0$(.&$'%,DJ+%/,*.(/,D$0+"/,F,nkNNfk@,8.KfkMfk@,8.KfkMQQ'+,n.'+,n.QQ8f8fZZ .P'+&",.+,:.&")$/0,?"H"&.0,(/6,.P'+&",.+,:.&")$/0,?"H"&.0,(/6,

;7&).6&$'%;7&).6&$'% .?/6,('0?.%&,5/+,5'0.$)/.?/6,('0?.%&,5/+,5'0.$)/ F,630')'#'):/@,F,630')'#'):/@,D$630')':"&3.%/@,"&3/)@,.6"&.&/,DJ"&320/D$630')':"&3.%/@,"&3/)@,.6"&.&/,DJ"&320/

>+$(,>+$(,5+)$#$6.&$'%,5.),/7&).6&$'%,0$9+$D/,5+)$#$6.&$'%,5.),/7&).6&$'%,0$9+$D/,-- 0$9+$D/,0$9+$D/,K('0?.%&(,K('0?.%&(,%'%,%'%,:$(6$*0/(M,.5)4(,63.%H/:/%&,D/,5k:$(6$*0/(M,.5)4(,63.%H/:/%&,D/,5k

éé éé

E)&"#.6&(E)&"#.6&( D_/7&).6&$'%,D_/7&).6&$'%,/%,5)"(/%6/,D_.6$D/,#')&,/%,5)"(/%6/,D_.6$D/,#')&,'+,D/,*.(/,#')&/,F'+,D/,*.(/,#')&/,F

;7/:50/,D/(,$)$D'CD/(,K(o")'($D/,D/,0.,H/%&$.%/M,;7/:50/,D/(,$)$D'CD/(,K(o")'($D/,D/,0.,H/%&$.%/M,($,/7&).6&$'%,/%,5)"(/%6/,D_.::'%$.9+/,6'%6/%&)"/,($,/7&).6&$'%,/%,5)"(/%6/,D_.::'%$.9+/,6'%6/%&)"/,H/%&$.%$%/,p,.06.0'CD/,.)&"#.6&H/%&$.%$%/,p,.06.0'CD/,.)&"#.6&

Glucose

EXTRACTION DES ALCALOIDES

8.(,D/(,8.(,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,#.$*0/:/%&,*.($9+/(,.06.0'CD/(,#.$*0/:/%&,*.($9+/(,F,F,/7/:50/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,/&,D/(,.+&)/(,7.%&3$%/(,/7/:50/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,/&,D/(,.+&)/(,7.%&3$%/(,KD"0'6.0$(.&$'%,D/(,"0/6&)'%(MKD"0'6.0$(.&$'%,D/(,"0/6&)'%(M

/7&).6&$'%,5'(($*0/,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,*.(/,5.),0_/.+,63.+D/,/7&).6&$'%,5'(($*0/,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,*.(/,5.),0_/.+,63.+D/,

E06.0'CD/(,9+.&/)%.$)/(,FE06.0'CD/(,9+.&/)%.$)/(,F;7,F,*/)*")$%/@,32D).(&$%/GG;7,F,*/)*")$%/@,32D).(&$%/GG

n/,5/+?/%&,5.(,^&)/,,,n/,5/+?/%&,5.(,^&)/,,,/7&).$&(,(/0'%,0.,:"&3'D/,/7&).$&(,(/0'%,0.,:"&3'D/, N

D/,B&.(D/,B&.(--f&&'f&&'

#'):/,*.(/,#'):/,*.(/,F,fkF,fk-- /&,/&, #'):/,(/0,#'):/,(/0,F,80F,80-- kkdd

&'+P'+)(,&'+P'+)(,D$(('6$"(,D$(('6$"(,

&'+P'+)(,('0+*0/(,D.%(,0_/.+,&'+P'+)(,('0+*0/(,D.%(,0_/.+,/&,$%('0+*0/(,D.%(,0/(,('0?.%&(,')H.%$9+/(/&,$%('0+*0/(,D.%(,0/(,('0?.%&(,')H.%$9+/(

EXTRACTION DES ALCALOIDES

E06.0'CD/(,53"%'0$9+/(,E06.0'CD/(,53"%'0$9+/(,K,:')53$%/,M,FK,:')53$%/,M,F

V'):.&$'%,D/,53"%.&/,/%,V'):.&$'%,D/,53"%.&/,/%,

n/,5/+?/%&,5.(,^&)/,/7&).$&,(/0'%,0.,:"&3'D/,D/,B&.(n/,5/+?/%&,5.(,^&)/,/7&).$&,(/0'%,0.,:"&3'D/,D/,B&.(--f&&'f&&'

NCH3OH

:$0$/+,.06.0$%,:$0$/+,.06.0$%, 5.((.H/,/%,5.((.H/,/%,53.(/,.9+/+(/,53.(/,.9+/+(/, .+&)/(,.+&)/(,.06.0'CD/(,D/,0_'5$+:.06.0'CD/(,D/,0_'5$+:

U&$0$(.&$'%(,D/,)".6&/+)(,D/,H).%D/,&.$00/U&$0$(.&$'%(,D/,)".6&/+)(,D/,H).%D/,&.$00/

8/)&.$%(,('0?.%&(,$%&/)D$&(,K&'7$6$&"@,#0.::.*$0$&"@8/)&.$%(,('0?.%&(,$%&/)D$&(,K&'7$6$&"@,#0.::.*$0$&"@D.%H/) DJ/750'($'%MD.%H/) DJ/750'($'%M

;7&).6&$'%,$%D+(&)$/00/,F;7&).6&$'%,$%D+(&)$/00/,F

D.%H/),D /750'($'%MD.%H/),D /750'($'%M

8'%D$&$'%(,"6'%':$9+/(,/&,5).&$9+/(,D"&/):$%.%&/(8'%D$&$'%(,"6'%':$9+/(,/&,5).&$9+/(,D"&/):$%.%&/(

j/63/)63/,D/,5)'6"D"(,5.)&$6+0$/)(,F,)".6&$'%(,j/63/)63/,D/,5)'6"D"(,5.)&$6+0$/)(,F,)".6&$'%(,D.%(,0/,:$0$/+@,5)"6$5$&.&$'%(,("0/6&$?/(,LGD.%(,0/,:$0$/+@,5)"6$5$&.&$'%(,("0/6&$?/(,LG

;7&).6&$'%,D/,0J.P:.0$6$%/,;7&).6&$'%,D/,0J.P:.0$6$%/,D/(,).6$%/(,D/,D/(,).6$%/(,D/,Rauwolfia serpentinaRauwolfia serpentina Ki.*G,>$/))/,V.*)/M,FKi.*G,>$/))/,V.*)/M,F

EP:.0$6$%/,K,p,).+*.($%/,M,EP:.0$6$%/,K,p,).+*.($%/,M, ..6&$#,%$?/.+,?.(6+0.$)/,6")"*).06&$#,%$?/.+,?.(6+0.$)/,6")"*).0

>)"(/%&/,/%,:"0.%H/,.?/6,.06.0'CD/(,%'%,$%&")/((.%&(,F>)"(/%&/,/%,:"0.%H/,.?/6,.06.0'CD/(,%'%,$%&")/((.%&(,F(/)5/%&$%/,K,*.(/,#')&/,M@,)"(/)5$%/@,*.(/(,#.$*0/(,GG,(/)5/%&$%/,K,*.(/,#')&/,M@,)"(/)5$%/@,*.(/(,#.$*0/(,GG,

NH OMe

COO OMe

OMeOMe

EXTRACTION DE L'AJMALICINE DES RACINES DE CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS

j".6&$'%(,D/,6':50/7.&$'%,j".6&$'%(,D/,6':50/7.&$'%,FFKK5)"6$5$&.&$'%@,6'0').&$'%M5)"6$5$&.&$'%@,6'0').&$'%M1.("/(,(+),6.5.6$&",D/,6':*$%.$('%,.?/6,:"&.+7,/&,1.("/(,(+),6.5.6$&",D/,6':*$%.$('%,.?/6,:"&.+7,/&,:"&.0'CD/(,F,1$@,kH@,q@,[:"&.0'CD/(,F,1$@,kH@,q@,[

]'+P'+)(,/%,:$0$/+,.9+/+7,.6$D/]'+P'+)(,/%,:$0$/+,.9+/+7,.6$D/ FF

MISE EN ÉVIDENCE DES ALCALOIDES

P 9P 9<.2/),F,:/)6+)$$'D+)/,D/,r,K*0.%63s&)/M<.2/),F,:/)6+)$$'D+)/,D/,r,K*0.%63s&)/M

!).H/%D')##,F,$'D'*$(:+&3$&/,D/,r,K)'+H/,').%H"M!).H/%D')##,F,$'D'*$(:+&3$&/,D/,r,K)'+H/,').%H"M F,F,.+(($,/%,88<.+(($,/%,88<

1'+63.)D.&F,$'D+)/,D/,r,$'D",K*)+%M1'+63.)D.&F,$'D+)/,D/,r,$'D",K*)+%M

E&&/%&$'%,.+7,#.+7,5'($&$#(,F,E&&/%&$'%,.+7,#.+7,5'($&$#(,F,6'+:.)$%/(@,32D)'726'+:.)$%/(@,32D)'72--#0.?'%/(@,>;Y@,#0.?'%/(@,>;Y@,(.5'%$%/((.5'%$%/(

DOSAGE PHARMACOPEE

!'(.H/,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,&'&.+7,F<"&3'D/,H).?$:"&)$9+/,.*.%D'%%"/

<"&3'D/,?'0+:"&)$9+/,F,.6$D$:"&)$/,/%,)/&'+),.5)4(,/7&).6&$'%,/%,:$0$/+,.06.0$%,KB'0.%.6"/(M

!'(.H/,D_+%,6'%(&$&+.%&,'+,H)G,D/,6'%(&$&+.%&(,F]/63%$9+/(,(5/6&)'53'&':"&)$9+/(,F.06.0'CD/(,9+$%9+$%.,F,.*(')*.%6/,=,Q, (/0'%,(&)+6&+)/

!'(.H/,6'0')$:"&)$9+/,F*.(/(,#.$*0/(,D.%(,).6$%/,D/,Rauwolfia,

!'(.H/,5.),63)':.&'H).53$/,0$9+$D/,F,6.#"$%/@,:')53$%/GG,

MONOGRAPHIESMONOGRAPHIESPlantes à alcaloïdesPlantes à alcaloïdes

\G <.&$4)/(,5)/:$4)/(,=,6.#"$%/Q >.?'& '5$+: /& :')53$%/QG >.?'&@,'5$+:,/&,:')53$%/ZG A+$%9+$%.,/&,9+$%$%/NG B'0.%.6"/(,=,.06.0'CD/(,&)'5.%$9+/(WG >0.%&/(,=,.06.0'CD/(,.%&$&+:').+7

Matières premières à caféineMatières premières à caféine

CAFE ET CAFEINECAFE ET CAFEINE

8.#"$/),%.&$#,D/,0_E#)$9+/,D/,0_/(&,K(5G,8.#"$/),%.&$#,D/,0_E#)$9+/,D/,0_/(&,K(5G,arabicaarabicaM,/&,*.(($%M,/&,*.(($%D+,8'%H',K(5G,D+,8'%H',K(5G,canephoracanephoraMM

]'))"#$6.&$'%,/&,5)"5.).&$'%,D+,*)/+?.H/,D_')$H$%/,,,]'))"#$6.&$'%,/&,5)"5.).&$'%,D+,*)/+?.H/,D_')$H$%/,,,.).*/.).*/ ;+)'5/ = 0. #$% D+ <'2/%;+)'5/ = 0. #$% D+ <'2/%--.H/ K\S.H/ K\S4:/4:/ ($460/M($460/M

U%/,6'+)&/,3$(&'$)/,D+,6.#",,,,U%/,6'+)&/,3$(&'$)/,D+,6.#",,,,

.).*/,.).*/, ;+)'5/,=,0.,#$%,D+,<'2/%;+)'5/,=,0.,#$%,D+,<'2/% .H/,K\S.H/,K\S ($460/M($460/M

8+0&+)/,0'%H&/:5(,+%,:'%'5'0/,D/,0.,5"%$%(+0/,8+0&+)/,0'%H&/:5(,+%,:'%'5'0/,D/,0.,5"%$%(+0/,.).*$9+/,.).*$9+/,

8+0&+)/,)/5)$(/,5.),0/(,V).%t.$(,/&,0/(,k'00.%D.$(,8+0&+)/,)/5)$(/,5.),0/(,V).%t.$(,/&,0/(,k'00.%D.$(,D.%(,0/+)(,6'0'%$/(D.%(,0/+)(,6'0'%$/(

E6&+/00/:/%&,0.,(/6'%D/,)/(('+)6/,6'::/)6$.0/,.+,E6&+/00/:/%&,0.,(/6'%D/,)/(('+)6/,6'::/)6$.0/,.+,:'%D/,.5)4(,0/,5"&)'0/,K1)"($0@,8'0':*$/,LM:'%D/,.5)4(,0/,5"&)'0/,K1)"($0@,8'0':*$/,LM

Dispersion géographique de la culture Dispersion géographique de la culture du caféierdu caféier

U%/,6/%&.$%/,D_/(546/(,D/,U%/,6/%&.$%/,D_/(546/(,D/,Coffea Coffea Kj+*$.6"/(M,,,Kj+*$.6"/(M,,,%.&$?/(,5'+),0.,50+5.)&,D_E#)$9+/@,5'+((.%&,D.%(,%.&$?/(,5'+),0.,50+5.)&,D_E#)$9+/@,5'+((.%&,D.%(,D/(,3.*$&.&(,&)'5$6.+7,'+,(+*D/(,3.*$&.&(,&)'5$6.+7,'+,(+*--&)'5$6.+7&)'5$6.+7

A+.&)/,/(546/(,$:5')&.%&/(,D_+%,5'$%&,D/,?+/,,A+.&)/,/(546/(,$:5')&.%&/(,D_+%,5'$%&,D/,?+/,,6'::/)6$.06'::/)6$.0

ASPECTS BOTANIQUES ASPECTS BOTANIQUES

6'::/)6$.0,F6'::/)6$.0,F

Coffea arabicaCoffea arabica iG,iG, SW,X,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/SW,X,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/

S,S,-- h,:'$(,/%&)/,0.,#0').$('%,/&,0.,:.&+).&$'%h,:'$(,/%&)/,0.,#0').$('%,/&,0.,:.&+).&$'%

D/+7,('+(D/+7,('+(--/(546/(,F,/(546/(,F,

?.)G,?.)G,arabicaarabica F,1)"($0@,E#)$9+/,D/,0_/(&@,E($/F,1)"($0@,E#)$9+/,D/,0_/(&@,E($/?.)G,?.)G,bourbon bourbon F,6.#",D_.0&$&+D/,Ki.,j"+%$'%MF,6.#",D_.0&$&+D/,Ki.,j"+%$'%M

Coffea canephora Coffea canephora >$/))/,>$/))/, .55/0",.55/0",6.#",6.#",robustarobustauu ZO,X,D/,0.,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/,K$%(&.%&.%"MZO,X,D/,0.,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/,K$%(&.%&.%"Muu b,b,-- \\,:'$(,D/,0.,#0').$('%,=,0.,:.&+).&$'%\\,:'$(,D/,0.,#0').$('%,=,0.,:.&+).&$'%uu 6.#",D/,v*.((/,&/))/w,KE#)$9+/,"9+.&')$.0/M6.#",D/,v*.((/,&/))/w,KE#)$9+/,"9+.&')$.0/Muu ?$H'+)/+7@,)"($(&.%&,.+7,:.0.D$/(@,6.#"$%/,?$H'+)/+7@,)"($(&.%&,.+7,:.0.D$/(@,6.#"$%/,

ASPECTS BOTANIQUESASPECTS BOTANIQUES

uu .)x:/,/&,H'y&,$%#")$/+)(,=,.)x:/,/&,H'y&,$%#")$/+)(,=,C. arabicaC. arabica

C. excelsaC. excelsa EG,83/?GEG,83/?Guu ?$H'+)/+7@,)"($(&.%&,.+7,:.0.D$/(,/&,("63/)/((/?$H'+)/+7@,)"($(&.%&,.+7,:.0.D$/(,/&,("63/)/((/

C. libericaC. liberica qG,1+00G,;7,k$/)%qG,1+00G,;7,k$/)%uu \N,:'$(,D/,0.,#0').$('%,=,0.,:.&+).&$'%\N,:'$(,D/,0.,#0').$('%,=,0.,:.&+).&$'%uu H).$%(,D/,H).%D/,&.$00/,H).$%(,D/,H).%D/,&.$00/,uu \X,D/,0.,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/\X,D/,0.,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/

Répartition des espèces Répartition des espèces

>/&$&,.)*)/,F>/&$&,.)*)/,F

V/+$00/(,/%&$4)/(,5/)($(&.%&/(@,V/+$00/(,/%&$4)/(,5/)($(&.%&/(@,6')$.6/(@,0+$(.%&/(6')$.6/(@,0+$(.%&/(

LA PLANTE

V0/+)(,*0.%63/(,'D').%&/(,/%V0/+)(,*0.%63/(,'D').%&/(,/%?/)&$6$00/(?/)&$6$00/(

!)+5/,6':5')&.%&,Q,H).$%/(,!)+5/,6':5')&.%&,Q,H).$%/(,.66'0"/(,?/)&/,.66'0"/(,?/)&/, )'+H/,=,)'+H/,=,:.&+)$&":.&+)$&"

Caféier en fleurCaféier en fleur

Drupe en voie de maturationDrupe en voie de maturation

LA RECOLTE DU CAFE LA RECOLTE DU CAFE

LA DROGUE VÉGÉTALE LA DROGUE VÉGÉTALE

Structure du fruit et de la graine Structure du fruit et de la graine du du caféier :caféier :\F,($00'%,6/%&).0,\F,($00'%,6/%&).0,QF,H).$%,D/,6.#",K/%D'(5/):/M,QF,H).$%,D/,6.#",K/%D'(5/):/M,ZF,5/.+,D+,H).$%,K&"H+:/%&M,ZF,5/.+,D+,H).$%,K&"H+:/%&M,NF,5.)63/,K/%D'6.)5/M,NF,5.)63/,K/%D'6.)5/M,WF,6'+63/,D/,:+6$0.H/(,WF,6'+63/,D/,:+6$0.H/(,SF,5+05/,K:"('6.)5/M,SF,5+05/,K:"('6.)5/M,RF,5/.+,D+,#)+$&,K/7'6.)5/M,RF,5/.+,D+,#)+$&,K/7'6.)5/M,

f*&/%&$'%,D+,6.#",v/%,H).$%w,F,f*&/%&$'%,D+,6.#",v/%,H).$%w,F,K,:"&3'D/(,3+:$D/,'+,(463/,MK,:"&3'D/(,3+:$D/,'+,(463/,M

!"5+05.H/,!"5+05.H/,F,"0$:$%.&$'%,/7'6.)5/,F,"0$:$%.&$'%,/7'6.)5/,)'+H/,/&,:"('6.)5/,63.)%+)'+H/,/&,:"('6.)5/,63.)%+

!"5.)63.H/!"5.)63.H/ F "0$:$%.&$'% /%D'6.)5/F "0$:$%.&$'% /%D'6.)5/

LA DROGUE VÉGÉTALE

!"5.)63.H/,!"5.)63.H/,F,"0$:$%.&$'%,/%D'6.)5/,F,"0$:$%.&$'%,/%D'6.)5/,(60")$#$",(60")$#$", v#4?/w,p,H).$%/,D/,6.#"v#4?/w,p,H).$%/,D/,6.#"

i.,H).$%/,K6.#",?/)&M,Fi.,H).$%/,K6.#",?/)&M,F'?.0/@,6'%?/7/,(+),#.6/,D')(.0/@'?.0/@,6'%?/7/,(+),#.6/,D')(.0/@.50.&$/,(+),#.6/,?/%&).0/.50.&$/,(+),#.6/,?/%&).0/($00'%,0'%H$&+D$%.0,p,3$0/($00'%,0'%H$&+D$%.0,p,3$0/D+)/,/&,?/)Ds&)/@,$%'D')/D+)/,/&,?/)Ds&)/@,$%'D')/ «« fèvefève » avant torréfaction» avant torréfaction

Drupes de caféDrupes de café

robustaarabica

Café vert :Café vert :WO,X,WO,X,H0+6$D/(H0+6$D/( K(+6)/(,d,5'02(.663.)$D/(M,K(+6)/(,d,5'02(.663.)$D/(M,

\\,X,\\,X,5)'&"$%/(5)'&"$%/(

\O\O \W X\W X 0$5$D/(0$5$D/( K(&")'0( &'6'53")'0( .06''0(K(&")'0( &'6'53")'0( .06''0(

CARACTÈRES CHIMIQUESCARACTÈRES CHIMIQUES

\O,\O,-- \W,X,\W,X,0$5$D/(0$5$D/( K(&")'0(@,&'6'53")'0(@,.06''0(,K(&")'0(@,&'6'53")'0(@,.06''0(,D$&/)5"%$9+/(,0$*)/(,/&,/(&")$#$"(MD$&/)5"%$9+/(,0$*)/(,/&,/(&")$#$"(M

W,W,-- hX,/%?$)'%,D_hX,/%?$)'%,D_.6$D/(,53"%'0(,.6$D/(,53"%'0(,/&,D")$?"(,/&,D")$?"(,K630')'H"%$9+/@,6.#"$9+/MK630')'H"%$9+/@,6.#"$9+/M

O@S,O@S,-- Z,X,D/,Z,X,D/,6.#"$%/6.#"$%/ (/0'%,?.)$"&"(,d,&).6/(,D/,(/0'%,?.)$"&"(,d,&).6/(,D/,&3"'*)':$%/&3"'*)':$%/

i/(,&/%/+)(,/%,.6$D/(,53"%'0(,/&,6.#"$%/ )/%(/$H%/%&,(+),0_.:/)&+:/,D+,6.#",?/)&,F,

0.,&/%/+),/%,.6$D/(,630')'H"%$9+/(,D'$&,(/,($&+/),/%&)/,R,/&,h,X,0. &/%/+) /% 6.#"$%/ 5'+) +% arabica D'$& ^&)/ z \ NO X

CARACTÈRES SENSORIELS CARACTÈRES SENSORIELS DU CAFÉ VERT MARCHANDDU CAFÉ VERT MARCHAND

0.,&/%/+),/%,6.#"$%/@,5'+),+%,arabica@,D'$&,^&)/,z,\@NO,X

<.&$4)/,H).((/, #$7.&/+),D_.)x:/(F,?.0/+)( 6':5)$(/(,/%&)/,\O,X,KrobustaM,/&,\W,X,KarabicaM]/%/+),/%,(.663.)'(/ D"5/%D,D/,0.,:.&+)$&",/&,D+,&).$&/:/%&,5'(&-)"6'0&/F,&.+7,D/,(.663.)'(/,*.(,%$?/.+,.)':.&$9+/,#.$*0/i.,&/%/+),/%,/.+,D'$&,.?'$),D/(,?.0/+)(,z,\O@W,X

>/)&/,D_3+:$D$&",/&,)".6&$'%(,D/,<.$00.)D,>/)&/,D_3+:$D$&",/&,)".6&$'%(,D/,<.$00.)D, +&$0$(.&$'%,+&$0$(.&$'%,D/(,(+6)/(,/&,D/(,5)'&$D/(,K.6G,.:$%"(M,D+,H).$%,5'+),D/(,(+6)/(,/&,D/(,5)'&$D/(,K.6G,.:$%"(M,D+,H).$%,5'+),#'):/),0/(,%':*)/+(/(,:'0"6+0/(,D/,0_#'):/),0/(,%':*)/+(/(,:'0"6+0/(,D/,0_.)x:/.)x:/@,.$%($,@,.$%($,9+/,D/(,9+/,D/(,6':5'("(,5'02:")$("(,*)+%(6':5'("(,5'02:")$("(,*)+%(i.,&'))"#.6&$'%,(/,D")'+0/,D.%(,D/(,(2(&4:/(,/%,i.,&'))"#.6&$'%,(/,D")'+0/,D.%(,D/(,(2(&4:/(,/%,6'%&$%+ ('+( .$) 63.+D 5+0("6'%&$%+ ('+( .$) 63.+D 5+0("

LA TORRÉFACTIONLA TORRÉFACTION

6'%&$%+,('+(,.$),63.+D,5+0(",6'%&$%+,('+(,.$),63.+D,5+0(",

;00/,D+)/,D/,;00/,D+)/,D/,\O,=,QO,:$%+&/(,\O,=,QO,:$%+&/(,=,D/(,&=,D/(,&{{ 6':5)$(/(,6':5)$(/(,/%&)/,/%&)/,QOO,/&,QhO,QOO,/&,QhO,{{888_/(&,0/,6'+50/,D+)"/8_/(&,0/,6'+50/,D+)"/--&/:5").&+)/,9+$,D"&/):$%/,0/(,&/:5").&+)/,9+$,D"&/):$%/,0/(,5)$%6$5.0/(,6.).6&")$(&$9+/(,D+,6.#",F5)$%6$5.0/(,6.).6&")$(&$9+/(,D+,6.#",F

H).$%(,*0'%D(,D/(,6.#"(,5/+,&'))"#$"(,KE00/:.H%/@,UBEM,H).$%(,*0'%D(,D/(,6.#"(,5/+,&'))"#$"(,KE00/:.H%/@,UBEM,H).$%(,*)+%(,.)':.&$9+/(,D/(,6.#"(,#).%t.$(,H).$%(,*)+%(,.)':.&$9+/(,D/(,6.#"(,#).%t.$(,H).$%(,5)/(9+/,%'$)(,D/(,6.#"(,$&.0$/%(@,#')&/:/%&,&'))"#$"(H).$%(,5)/(9+/,%'$)(,D/(,6.#"(,$&.0$/%(@,#')&/:/%&,&'))"#$"(

E:/)&+:/,/&,.6$D$&",E:/)&+:/,/&,.6$D$&", 550+(,0/,6.#",/(&,&'))"#$"@,50+(,0+(,0/,6.#",/(&,&'))"#$"@,50+(,0_.:/)&+:/,.+H:/%&/,/&,50+(,0_.6$D$&",D$:$%+/,F,0_$D".0,0_.:/)&+:/,.+H:/%&/,/&,50+(,0_.6$D$&",D$:$%+/,F,0_$D".0,/(&,D_.?'$),+%,5.)#.$&","9+$0$*)/,/%&)/,0/(,D/+7,(.?/+)(/(&,D_.?'$),+%,5.)#.$&","9+$0$*)/,/%&)/,0/(,D/+7,(.?/+)(

>3"%':4%/(,532($9+/(,.+,6'+)(,D/,0.,&'))"#.6&$'%,>3"%':4%/(,532($9+/(,.+,6'+)(,D/,0.,&'))"#.6&$'%,*)+%$((/:/%&,D/(,H).$%(,Dy,.+7,)".6&$'%(,D/,<.$00.)D*)+%$((/:/%&,D/(,H).$%(,Dy,.+7,)".6&$'%(,D/,<.$00.)D

#0 & KD SO = hO XM " &$ D & D#0 & KD SO = hO XM " &$ D & D

LA TORRÉFACTIONLA TORRÉFACTION

H'%#0/:/%&,KD/,SO,=,hO,XM@,5.),6)".&$'%,D/,5')/(,/&,D/,H'%#0/:/%&,KD/,SO,=,hO,XM@,5.),6)".&$'%,D/,5')/(,/&,D/,6.?$&"(,)"(+0&.%&,D/(,53"%':4%/(,D/,D"H.e.H/@,/&,+%/6.?$&"(,)"(+0&.%&,D/(,53"%':4%/(,D/,D"H.e.H/@,/&,+%/5/)&/,D/,5'$D(,D/,\W,=,QO,X@,6.+("/,5.),0/,D"5.)&,D/,0_/.+,5/)&/,D/,5'$D(,D/,\W,=,QO,X@,6.+("/,5.),0/,D"5.)&,D/,0_/.+,/&,D+,H.e,6.)*'%$9+//&,D+,H.e,6.)*'%$9+/

E%.02(/,63$:$9+/,D+,6.#",&'))"#$",E%.02(/,63$:$9+/,D+,6.#",&'))"#$",FF&/%/+),/%,/.+,&/%/+),/%,/.+, Kz,\,XMKz,\,XM32D)'02(/,D/(,5'02(.663.)$D/(32D)'02(/,D/(,5'02(.663.)$D/(.)x:/,6':50/7/,K50+($/+)(,6/%&.$%/(,D/,6':5'("(M.)x:/,6':50/7/,K50+($/+)(,6/%&.$%/(,D/,6':5'("(M&/%/+),/%,6.#"$%/,5/+,:'D$#$"/&/%/+),/%,6.#"$%/,5/+,:'D$#$"/

LA DÉCAFEINISATION DU CAFÉLA DÉCAFEINISATION DU CAFÉ

i/,6.#",?/)&,D"6.#"$%",D'$&,6'%&/%$),z,O@Ob,X,D/,,i/,6.#",?/)&,D"6.#"$%",D'$&,6'%&/%$),z,O@Ob,X,D/,,6.#"$%/,/&,0/,6.#",&'))"#$",D"6.#"$%", ,O@\,X,D/,,6.#"$%/,/&,0/,6.#",&'))"#$",D"6.#"$%", ,O@\,X,D/,,6.#"$%/,6.#"$%/,K%'):/,#).%t.$(/MK%'):/,#).%t.$(/M

U%/,&.((/,D/,6.#",D"6.#"$%",6'%&$/%&,\W,#'$(,:'$%(U%/,&.((/,D/,6.#",D"6.#"$%",6'%&$/%&,\W,#'$(,:'$%(D/,6.#"$%/,9+_+%/,&.((/,D_D/,6.#"$%/,9+_+%/,&.((/,D_arabicaarabica

i.,i.,D"6.#"$%.&$'%D"6.#"$%.&$'% (/,#.$&,&'+P'+)(,(/,#.$&,&'+P'+)(,(+),0/,6.#",?/)&,(+),0/,6.#",?/)&,6.),6.),'%,('+3.$&/,F'%,('+3.$&/,F)/&$)/),(/+0/:/%&,0.,6.#"$%/,/&,0/,:'$%(,5'(($*0/,D/,)/&$)/),(/+0/:/%&,0.,6.#"$%/,/&,0/,:'$%(,5'(($*0/,D/,6':5'("(,?'0.&$0/(,.)':.&$9+/(6':5'("(,?'0.&$0/(,.)':.&$9+/(

*"%"#$6$/),D/,0.,63.0/+),D/,0.,&'))"#.6&$'%,5'+),("63/),*"%"#$6$/),D/,0.,63.0/+),D/,0.,&'))"#.6&$'%,5'+),("63/),0/,6.#",3+:$D$#$",5.),0.,D"6.#"$%.&$'%,0/,6.#",3+:$D$#$",5.),0.,D"6.#"$%.&$'%,

LA DECAFEINISATION DU CAFELA DECAFEINISATION DU CAFE

!"6.#"$%.&$'%,=,0_/.+,F,!"6.#"$%.&$'%,=,0_/.+,F,i/(($?.H/,=,63.+D,D/(,H).$%(,?/)&(,('+(,5)/(($'%i/(($?.H/,=,63.+D,D/(,H).$%(,?/)&(,('+(,5)/(($'%

>+$(,("63.H/,=,0_.$),63.+D,/&,&'))"#$6.&$'%>+$(,("63.H/,=,0_.$),63.+D,/&,&'))"#$6.&$'%

[0,/7$(&/,&)'$(,:"&3'D/(,F

!"6.#"$%.&$'%,5.),('0?.%&,630')",K8k!"6.#"$%.&$'%,5.),('0?.%&,630')",K8kQQ8080QQMMi/(($?.H/,5.),('0?.%&(,630')"(,D/(,H).$%(,?/)&(,5)"i/(($?.H/,5.),('0?.%&(,630')"(,D/(,H).$%(,?/)&(,5)"--3+:$D$#$"(3+:$D$#$"(

;0$:$%.&$'%,D+,('0?.%&,5.),"?.5').&$'%@,5+$(,5.),/%&).g%/:/%&,=,;0$:$%.&$'%,D+,('0?.%&,5.),"?.5').&$'%@,5+$(,5.),/%&).g%/:/%&,=,0.,?.5/+)@,("63.H/,D/(,H).$%(,=,0_.$),63.+D@,5+$(,&'))"#$6.&$'%0.,?.5/+)@,("63.H/,D/(,H).$%(,=,0_.$),63.+D@,5+$(,&'))"#$6.&$'%

!"6.#"$%.&$'%,.+,8f!"6.#"$%.&$'%,.+,8fQQ (+5/)6)$&$9+/(+5/)6)$&$9+/B+),D/(,H).$%(,?/)&(,5)".0.*0/:/%&,3+:$D$#$"(B+),D/(,H).$%(,?/)&(,5)".0.*0/:/%&,3+:$D$#$"(

LE CAFÉ SOLUBLELE CAFÉ SOLUBLE[0,(/,5)"5.)/,$%D+(&)$/00/:/%&,=,5.)&$),D/,6.#",[0,(/,5)"5.)/,$%D+(&)$/00/:/%&,=,5.)&$),D/,6.#",:'+0+@,5.),/7&).6&$'%,('0$D/|0$9+$D/,:'+0+@,5.),/7&).6&$'%,('0$D/|0$9+$D/, 6'%#/6&$'%,6'%#/6&$'%,D_+%,/7&).$&,.9+/+7,&)4(,6'%6/%&)"@,D_.(5/6&,D_+%,/7&).$&,.9+/+7,&)4(,6'%6/%&)"@,D_.(5/6&,($)+5/+7,($)+5/+7,8/& /7&).$& /(& /%(+$&/ 6':504&/:/%& D"(32D).&"8/& /7&).$& /(& /%(+$&/ 6':504&/:/%& D"(32D).&"8/&,/7&).$&,/(&,/%(+$&/,6':504&/:/%&,D"(32D).&"@,8/&,/7&).$&,/(&,/%(+$&/,6':504&/:/%&,D"(32D).&"@,('$&,5.),.&':$(.&$'%@,('$&,5.),02'53$0$(.&$'%,F('$&,5.),.&':$(.&$'%@,('$&,5.),02'53$0$(.&$'%,F

5.),.&':$(.&$'%,5.),.&':$(.&$'%,F,5+0?")$(.&$'%,K:$6)'H'+&&/0/&&/(M,F,5+0?")$(.&$'%,K:$6)'H'+&&/0/&&/(M,D.%(,+%,6'+).%&,D_.$),63.+D,D.%(,+%,6'+).%&,D_.$),63.+D, H).%+0"(@,D/,5'&/%&$/0,H).%+0"(@,D/,5'&/%&$/0,.)':.&$9+/,$%#")$/+).)':.&$9+/,$%#")$/+)

5.),02'53$0$(.&$'%,5.),02'53$0$(.&$'%,F,(+*0$:.&$'%,D/(,5.$00/&&/(,D/,F,(+*0$:.&$'%,D/(,5.$00/&&/(,D/,0_/7&).$&,D/,6.#",6'%H/0"0_/7&).$&,D/,6.#",6'%H/0"

PRODUCTION MONDIALE DE CAFEPRODUCTION MONDIALE DE CAFE

ASPECTS PHARMACOLOGIQUES ASPECTS PHARMACOLOGIQUES

E6&$?$&"(,D":'%&)"/(,0$"/(,=,0.,5)"(/%6/,D/,6.#"$%/,F.%&.H'%$(&/(,D/(,)"6/5&/+)(,E\,/&,D/,6/)&.$%(,)"6/5&/+)(,EQ,D/,0J.D"%'($%/

$%3$*/,0/(,53'(53'D$/(&").(/(,.$%($,9+/,0.,

caféinecaféine

0$*").&$'%,DJ3$(&.:$%/,5.),0/(,:.(&'62&/(

.6&$'%,(&$:+0.%&/,(+),0/(,(2(&4:/(,6.)D$'-?.(6+0.$)/,/&,)/(5$).&'$)/@,/&,(+),0.,D$+)4(/

#.?')$(/,6'%6/%&).&$'%,/&,:":')$(.&$'%

.+H:/%&/,0.,D"5/%(/,"%/)H"&$9+/,

0$5'02&$9+/,5.),?'$/,/7&/)%/

U%/,9+.).%&.$%/,D/,(5"6$.0$&"(,53.):.6/+&$9+/(,/%,V).%6/,K,.(('6$.&$'%,.?/6,.%&.0H$9+/(@,0$5'02&$9+/(,0'6.+7,M

ASPECTS PHARMACEUTIQUES ASPECTS PHARMACEUTIQUES

DOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEDOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEMonographie analytique du café vertMonographie analytique du café vert>3.):.6'5"/,#).%t.$(/,}>3.):.6'5"/,#).%t.$(/,}4:/4:/ "DG"DG

!)'H+/,!)'H+/,F,H).$%/,5)$?"/,D+,&"H+:/%&,/&,("63"/,D/,F,H).$%/,5)$?"/,D+,&"H+:/%&,/&,("63"/,D/,Coffea arabica Coffea arabica iG@,D/,iG@,D/,Coffea canephora Coffea canephora >$/))/,/7,V)'/3%/),/&,0/+)(,?.)$"&"(,>$/))/,/7,V)'/3%/),/&,0/+)(,?.)$"&"(,

i/,6.#",?/)&,6'%&$/%&,i/,6.#",?/)&,6'%&$/%&,.+,:$%$:+:,\@O,5'+),6/%&,D/,6.#"$%/,.+,:$%$:+:,\@O,5'+),6/%&,D/,6.#"$%/,6.06+0",5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/,6.06+0",5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/,

<$6)'(6'5$/,F,#).H:/%&(,DJ.0*+:/%,6'%&/%.%&,D/(,H'+&&/0/&&/(,<$6)'(6'5$/,F,#).H:/%&(,DJ.0*+:/%,6'%&/%.%&,D/(,H'+&&/0/&&/(,3+$0/+(/(@,D"*)$(,D/,&"H+:/%&,/&,#$*)/(,#+($#'):/(,=,5.)'$(,,,,3+$0/+(/(@,D"*)$(,D/,&"H+:/%&,/&,#$*)/(,#+($#'):/(,=,5.)'$(,,,,6.%.0$6+0"/(,6.%.0$6+0"/(,

[D/%&$&",88<,F,?$(+.0$(.&$'%,/%,U~,/&,5.),5+0?")$(.&$'%,D/,[D/%&$&",88<,F,?$(+.0$(.&$'%,/%,U~,/&,5.),5+0?")$(.&$'%,D/,)".6&$#,)".6&$#,$'D'$'D'--$'D+)",$'D+)",/%,5)"(/%6/,D/,&":'$%,6.#"$%//%,5)"(/%6/,D/,&":'$%,6.#"$%/

>/)&/,=,0.,D/(($6.&$'%,F,>/)&/,=,0.,D/(($6.&$'%,F, b,Xb,X

8/%D)/(,&'&.0/(,F,8/%D)/(,&'&.0/(,F, b,Xb,X

!'(.H/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,5.),8ik>,!'(.H/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,5.),8ik>,K:'D$#$6.&$'%,:'%'H).53$/,/%,K:'D$#$6.&$'%,:'%'H).53$/,/%,6'+)(,F6'+)(,F6'6'--$%P/6&$'%,$%P/6&$'%,D_"5$6.&"63'0,5'+),?")$#$/),0.,6'%#'):$&",D+,(2(&4:/M,,,,D_"5$6.&"63'0,5'+),?")$#$/),0.,6'%#'):$&",D+,(2(&4:/M,,,,

LE THEIER : Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze

[0,.+).$&,"&",D"6'+?/)&,5.),0J;:5/)/+),B3^%[0,.+).$&,"&",D"6'+?/)&,5.),0J;:5/)/+),B3^%--n+%H,n+%H,KQROO,.?.%&,�G8GM,F,6/,D/)%$/),(/,#$&,.55')&/),+%/,KQROO,.?.%&,�G8GM,F,6/,D/)%$/),(/,#$&,.55')&/),+%/,&.((/,DJ/.+,*'+$00.%&/,/&@,.(($(,=,0J':*)/,DJ+%,&3"$/)@,&.((/,DJ/.+,*'+$00.%&/,/&@,.(($(,=,0J':*)/,DJ+%,&3"$/)@,$0,(J.(('+5$&G,>/%D.%&,('%,('::/$0@,50+($/+)(,#/+$00/($0,(J.(('+5$&G,>/%D.%&,('%,('::/$0@,50+($/+)(,#/+$00/((/ D"&.634)/%& 5'+) .00/) (/ 5'(/) D.%( 0J/.+ *)y0.%&/(/ D"&.634)/%& 5'+) .00/) (/ 5'(/) D.%( 0J/.+ *)y0.%&/

U%/,6'+)&/,3$(&'$)/,D+,&3",U%/,6'+)&/,3$(&'$)/,D+,&3",

(/,D"&.634)/%&,5'+),.00/),(/,5'(/),D.%(,0J/.+,*)y0.%&/(/,D"&.634)/%&,5'+),.00/),(/,5'(/),D.%(,0J/.+,*)y0.%&/0/,&3","&.$&,%"0/,&3","&.$&,%"

i/,&3"$/),.55.)&$/%&,=,0.,#.:$00/,D/(,]/)%(&)'/:$.6"/(i/,&3"$/),.55.)&$/%&,=,0.,#.:$00/,D/(,]/)%(&)'/:$.6"/(K]3".6"/(MK]3".6"/(Mf%,D$(&$%H+/,D/+7,?.)$"&"(,5)$%6$5.0/(,Ff%,D$(&$%H+/,D/+7,?.)$"&"(,5)$%6$5.0/(,F

Camellia sinensis sinensisCamellia sinensis sinensis K,83$%/@,�.5'%@,j+(($/@,[).%@]+)9+$/K,83$%/@,�.5'%@,j+(($/@,[).%@]+)9+$/Camellia sinensis assamicaCamellia sinensis assamica K,%')DK,%')D--/(&,D/,0J[%D/,M/(&,D/,0J[%D/,M

LE THEIER : Camellia sinensisLE THEIER : Camellia sinensis

8+0&$?",D.%(,0/(,5.2(,D+,8+0&$?",D.%(,0/(,5.2(,D+,(+D(+D--/(&,.($.&$9+/,/(&,.($.&$9+/,:.$(,.+(($,(+),0/,6'%&$%/%&,.#)$6.$%@,/%,:.$(,.+(($,(+),0/,6'%&$%/%&,.#)$6.$%@,/%,]+)9+$/,'+,/%6')/,/%,E)H/%&$%/]+)9+$/,'+,/%6')/,/%,E)H/%&$%/

>/&$&,.)*)/,).:/+7>/&$&,.)*)/,).:/+7@,=,#/+$00/(,5/)($(&.%&/(@@,=,#/+$00/(,5/)($(&.%&/(@:'00/(,/&,D+?/&/+(/(,0')(9+J/00/(,('%&,:'00/(,/&,D+?/&/+(/(,0')(9+J/00/(,('%&,P/+%/( 6')$.6/( /& 5)/(9+/ H0.*)/(P/+%/( 6')$.6/( /& 5)/(9+/ H0.*)/(P/+%/(@,6')$.6/(,/&,5)/(9+/,H0.*)/(,P/+%/(@,6')$.6/(,/&,5)/(9+/,H0.*)/(,0')(9+J/00/(,('%&,sH"/(,K(60")$&/(M0')(9+J/00/(,('%&,sH"/(,K(60")$&/(M

;%,6+0&+)/@,0/(,&3"$/)(,('%&,;%,6+0&+)/@,0/(,&3"$/)(,('%&,&.$00"(&.$00"( &)4(,&)4(,)"H+0$4)/:/%&,5'+),#.6$0$&/),0.,)"6'0&/)"H+0$4)/:/%&,5'+),#.6$0$&/),0.,)"6'0&/

n"6/(($&/,+%,n"6/(($&/,+%,/%('0/$00/:/%&/%('0/$00/:/%& D/,W,3/+)/(,D/,W,3/+)/(,:$%G,5.),P'+)@,3+:$D$&",D/,0J.$),KRO,:$%G,5.),P'+)@,3+:$D$&",D/,0J.$),KRO,-- bOXM,bOXM,/&,D/(,50+$/(,.*'%D.%&/(,K,/76/5&$'%,5'+),/&,D/(,50+$/(,.*'%D.%&/(,K,/76/5&$'%,5'+),0/(,&3"(,D_.0&$&+D/,M0/(,&3"(,D_.0&$&+D/,M

LA RECOLTE DES FEUILLES DE THELA RECOLTE DES FEUILLES DE THE

k.*$&+/00/:/%&@,'%,%/,6+/$00/,9+/,0/,*'+)H/'% =,0_/7&)":$&",D/,0.,*).%63/,/&,0/(,D/+7,#/+$00/(,(+$?.%&/(,0/(,50+(,P/+%/(,)4H0/,D/(,` &o',0/.?/(,.%D,.,*+D a

;%,E#)$9+/@,'%,+&$0$(/,5.)#'$(,D/(,:.63$%/(@,$ B $ i c & [ D 0 &3" &:.$(,.+,B)$,i.%c.,/&,/%,[%D/@,0/,&3",/(&,

/%6')/,6+/$00$,=,0.,:.$%, :/$00/+)/,9+.0$&",6.),0/(,6+/$00/+)(,0.$((/%&,D/,6x&",0/(,5'+((/(,$%(+##$(.::/%&,:y)/(

E,*.((/,.0&$&+D/@,0/,&3",/(&,)"6'0&",P+(9+_=,ZO,#'$(,5.),.%@,D.%(,0/(,3.+&/+)(@,` (/+0/:/%& a,\W,#'$(@,6.),$0,5'+((/,50+(,0/%&/:/%&

LE THEIER : CAMELLIA SINENSISLE THEIER : CAMELLIA SINENSIS

8'::/)6$.0/:/%&@,'%,D$(&$%H+/,8'::/)6$.0/:/%&@,'%,D$(&$%H+/,(+)&'+&,,F(+)&'+&,,F

]3",*0.%6,]3",*0.%6,F,(&.*$0$(",=,0.,?.5/+),,/&,("63"F,(&.*$0$(",=,0.,?.5/+),,/&,("63"

]3",?/)&]3",?/)&@,#s%",5+$(,(&.*$0$(",5.),0.,63.0/+)@,#s%",5+$(,(&.*$0$(",5.),0.,63.0/+)(463/,'+,5.),0.,?.5/+)@,)'+0"@,("63",,(463/,'+,5.),0.,?.5/+)@,)'+0"@,("63",,5 5 @ @5 5 @ @).5$D/:/%&,/&,50+(,'+,:'$%(,&'))"#$"@,).5$D/:/%&,/&,50+(,'+,:'$%(,&'))"#$"@,K(+)&'+&,6'%('::",/%,83$%/,/&,.+,�.5'%@K(+)&'+&,6'%('::",/%,83$%/,/&,.+,�.5'%@:.$(,0_+(.H/,(/,D"?/0'55/,/%,;+)'5/M:.$(,0_+(.H/,(/,D"?/0'55/,/%,;+)'5/M

]3",%'$)]3",%'$)@,#s%",+%/,?$%H&.$%/,DJ3/+)/(@,@,#s%",+%/,?$%H&.$%/,DJ3/+)/(@,)'+0"@,#/):/%&",/%,.&:'(534)/,3+:$D/,)'+0"@,#/):/%&",/%,.&:'(534)/,3+:$D/,5+$(,("63",=,0J.$),63.+D@,5+$(,("63",=,0J.$),63.+D@,)/5)"(/%&.%&,)/5)"(/%&.%&,hO,X,D+,:.)63",:'%D$.0hO,X,D+,:.)63",:'%D$.0

]3",''0'%H,]3",''0'%H,F,0"H4)/:/%&,#/):/%&"F,0"H4)/:/%&,#/):/%&"

Thé vertThé vert

Thé noirThé noir

LE THEIER : CAMELLIA SINENSISLE THEIER : CAMELLIA SINENSIS

]3"(,6'::/)6$.+7]3"(,6'::/)6$.+7 FF~.)$"&"(,*'&.%$9+/(~.)$"&"(,*'&.%$9+/(?.)G,?.)G,sinensissinensis@,@,assamicaassamica GGGG

EH/,D/(,#/+$00/(,EH/,D/(,#/+$00/(,

~.)$"&" D/( &).$&/:/%&(F~.)$"&" D/( &).$&/:/%&(F~.)$"&",D/(,&).$&/:/%&(F~.)$"&",D/(,&).$&/:/%&(F?/)&@,(/:$?/)&@,(/:$--'72D"(@,'72D"(@,.)':.&$("(,GG'72D"(@,'72D"(@,.)':.&$("(,GG

f)$H$%/,H"'H).53$9+/f)$H$%/,H"'H).53$9+/8/20.%,KB)$,i.%c.M8/20.%,KB)$,i.%c.ME((.:@,!.)P//0$%H,/&,B$cc$:,K[%D/M,E((.:@,!.)P//0$%H,/&,B$cc$:,K[%D/M,E%3+$,Kr//:+%M,/&,Ä+%%.%,K83$%/ME%3+$,Kr//:+%M,/&,Ä+%%.%,K83$%/M]3"(,D_E#)$9+/,Kr"%2.@,jo.%D.M]3"(,D_E#)$9+/,Kr"%2.@,jo.%D.M]3"(,D+,<'2/%]3"(,D+,<'2/%--f)$/%&,K]+)9+$/@,[).%Mf)$/%&,K]+)9+$/@,[).%M]3"(,D_E:")$9+/,D+,(+D,KE)H/%&$%/M]3"(,D_E:")$9+/,D+,(+D,KE)H/%&$%/M

VARIÉTÉS SELON LA TAILLE DES FEUILLES VARIÉTÉS SELON LA TAILLE DES FEUILLES

` V0'o/)2,f).%H/,>/c'/ a,KVf>M F0.,#$%/,#/+$00/,D+,*'+)H/'%,=,#/+$00/(

` f).%H/,>/c'/ a,Kf>M /(&,0.,5)/:$4)/,#/+$00/,&/%D)/,/%&$4)/:/%&,'+?/)&/ 9+$ (/ )/#'):/ = 63.9+/'+?/)&/,9+$,(/,)/#'):/,=,63.9+/,53.(/,D/,6)'$((.%6/,D+,&3"$/)G,B'%,H'y&,/(&,50+(,#')&,9+/,Vf>G,

` >/c'/ a,K>M,D"($H%/,0.,D/+7$4:/,#/+$00/,.5)4(,0/,*'+)H/'%,=,#/+$00/( F,/00/,D'%%/,+%,H'y&,:.)9+",/&,+%/,$%#+($'%,#')&/:/%&,6'0')"/

Dérivés flavaniques du thé vertDérivés flavaniques du thé vert

Flavanol

>)'&"$%/(@,.6$D/(,.:$%"(@,H0+6$D/(@,6.)'&4%/(>)'&"$%/(@,.6$D/(,.:$%"(@,H0+6$D/(@,6.)'&4%/(E6$D/,.(6')*$9+/,/&,?$&.:$%/(,D+,H)'+5/,1,E6$D/,.(6')*$9+/,/&,?$&.:$%/(,D+,H)'+5/,1,

1.(/(,7.%&3$9+/(,1.(/(,7.%&3$9+/(,5)$%6$5.0/:/%&,)/5)"(/%&"/(,5.),0.,5)$%6$5.0/:/%&,)/5)"(/%&"/(,5.),0.,6.#"$%/,KQ,6.#"$%/,KQ,-- N,X,(/0'%,?.)$"&"(,/&,#/+$00/(,6'%6/)%"/(M,d,N,X,(/0'%,?.)$"&"(,/&,#/+$00/(,6'%6/)%"/(M,d,#.$*0/(,9+.%&$&"(,D/,&3"'53200$%/,/&,&3"'*)':$%/#.$*0/(,9+.%&$&"(,D/,&3"'53200$%/,/&,&3"'*)':$%/k"&")'($D/( DJ.06''0( &/)5"%$9+/( D'%& 0J32D)'02(/ 0$*4)/k"&")'($D/( DJ.06''0( &/)5"%$9+/( D'%& 0J32D)'02(/ 0$*4)/

ASPECTS CHIMIQUES DU THE VERTASPECTS CHIMIQUES DU THE VERT

k"&")'($D/(,D .06''0(,&/)5"%$9+/(@,D'%&,0 32D)'02(/,0$*4)/,k"&")'($D/(,D .06''0(,&/)5"%$9+/(@,D'%&,0 32D)'02(/,0$*4)/,D/(,6'%(&$&+.%&(,9+$,6'%&)$*+/%&,=,0J.)x:/,D/,0J$%#+($'%D/(,6'%(&$&+.%&(,9+$,6'%&)$*+/%&,=,0J.)x:/,D/,0J$%#+($'%

8':5'("(,53"%'0$9+/(,8':5'("(,53"%'0$9+/(,KP+(9+J=,KP+(9+J=,ZO,ZO,X,X,D/,D/,0.,:.((/,(463/M,0.,:.((/,(463/M,:.$(,D'%&,0.,&/%/+),?.)$/,(/0'%,0.,?.)$"&"@,0JsH/,D/,0.,#/+$00/,:.$(,D'%&,0.,&/%/+),?.)$/,(/0'%,0.,?.)$"&"@,0JsH/,D/,0.,#/+$00/,K0/(,50+(,P/+%/(,('%&,0/(,50+(,)$63/(M,/&,0.,(.$('%,K0/(,50+(,P/+%/(,('%&,0/(,50+(,)$63/(M,/&,0.,(.$('%,KK "&"M,"&"M,FFD")$?"(,#0.?.%$9+/(,F,H.00.&/,D")$?"(,#0.?.%$9+/(,F,H.00.&/,D_"5$H.00'6.&"63'0,D_"5$H.00'6.&"63'0,K;Y8YMF,K;Y8YMF,WW--\Q,XM\Q,XM.6$D/(,53"%'0(,.6$D/(,53"%'0(,#0.?'%'CD/(,#0.?'%'CD/(,5)'.%&3'62.%$D'0(5)'.%&3'62.%$D'0(

i.,9+.%&$&",D/,i.,9+.%&$&",D/,*.(/(,7.%&3$9+/(,*.(/(,7.%&3$9+/(,5)"(/%&/,"?'0+/,5/+5)"(/%&/,"?'0+/,5/+

!"?/0'55/:/%&,D/,0_.)x:/,5.),#'):.&$'%,D/,!"?/0'55/:/%&,D/,0_.)x:/,5.),#'):.&$'%,D/,5)'D+$&(,?'0.&$0(5)'D+$&(,?'0.&$0( FFD")$?"(,6"&'%$9+/(,5.),D"H).D.&$'%,D/(,6.)'&4%/(D")$?"(,6"&'%$9+/(,5.),D"H).D.&$'%,D/(,6.)'&4%/(3/7"%.0,5.),'72D.&$'%,D_.6$D/(,H).(,$%(.&+)"(3/7"%.0,5.),'72D.&$'%,D_.6$D/(,H).(,$%(.&+)"()".)).%H/:/%&,D/(,&/)54%/()".)).%H/:/%&,D/(,&/)54%/(

ASPECTS CHIMIQUES DU THE NOIRASPECTS CHIMIQUES DU THE NOIR

f72D.&$'%,D/(,f72D.&$'%,D/(,5'0253"%'0(5'0253"%'0( ?$($*0/,K63.%H/:/%&,D/,6'+0/+)M,,F?$($*0/,K63.%H/:/%&,D/,6'+0/+)M,,F

VV'):.&$'%,'):.&$'%,D/,&)'5'0'%/(,F,&3".#0.?$%/@,&3".#0.H.0$%/@,D/,&)'5'0'%/(,F,&3".#0.?$%/@,&3".#0.H.0$%/@,"5$&3".#0.H.0$%/"5$&3".#0.H.0$%/

V')&/,D$:$%+&$'%,D/,0.,&/%/+),/%,D")$?"(,#0.?.%$9+/(,K6.&"63$%/(MV')&/,D$:$%+&$'%,D/,0.,&/%/+),/%,D")$?"(,#0.?.%$9+/(,K6.&"63$%/(M

E6&$?$&"(,0$"/(,.+7,*.(/(,7.%&3$9+/(,K6.#"$%/M,.6&$?$&",(&$:+0.%&/,:'$%(,$%&/%(/,:.$(,50+(,

5)'0'%H"/,9+/,0/,6.#",K6.#"$%/,0$"/,.+7,5'0253"%'0(M,

>'0253"%'0( K%'% 5'02:")$("( D+ &3" ?/)&M F

ACTIVITES BIOLOGIQUES ACTIVITES BIOLOGIQUES DES CONSTITUANTS DU THEDES CONSTITUANTS DU THE

>'0253"%'0( K%'%,5'02:")$("(,D+,&3",?/)&M,F)"D+6&$'%,D/(,6.%6/)(,D$H/(&$#(,/&,5)"?/%&$'%,D+,,6.%6/),6'0')/6&.0,K,"&+D/(,"5$D":$'0'H$9+/(,M,.6&$?$&"(,.%&$'72D.%&/(.6&$?$&"(,.%&$*.6&")$/%%/(,K,6.)$/(@,(2(&4:/,D$H/(&$#,M

.6&$?$&",.%&$?$).0/

EVOLUTION DE LA PRODUCTION DE THÉ EVOLUTION DE LA PRODUCTION DE THÉ AU NIVEAU MONDIALAU NIVEAU MONDIAL

Q,:'%'H).53$/(,=,0.,>3.):.6'5"/,#).%t.$(/,Q,:'%'H).53$/(,=,0.,>3.):.6'5"/,#).%t.$(/,THÉ VERT THÉ VERT KKCamelliae sinensis non fermentata foliaCamelliae sinensis non fermentata foliaMM

V/+$00/@,P/+%/@,%'%,#/):/%&"/@,('+:$(/,=,+%/,D/(($66.&$'%,).5$D/,=,V/+$00/@,P/+%/@,%'%,#/):/%&"/@,('+:$(/,=,+%/,D/(($66.&$'%,).5$D/,=,63.+D@,5+$(,("63"/@,D/,63.+D@,5+$(,("63"/@,D/,Camellia sinensisCamellia sinensis KiGM,r+%&e/,/&,D/,(/(,KiGM,r+%&e/,/&,D/,(/(,?.)$"&"(,6+0&$?"/(G,?.)$"&"(,6+0&$?"/(G,

DOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEDOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEMonographies analytiques du théMonographies analytiques du thé

i/,&3",?/)&,6'%&$/%&,i/,&3",?/)&,6'%&$/%&,.+,:$%$:+:,Q@O,X,D/,6.#"$%/,.+,:$%$:+:,Q@O,X,D/,6.#"$%/,6.06+0",5.),).55')&,6.06+0",5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/

THÉ NOIR THÉ NOIR KKCamelliae sinensis fermentata foliaCamelliae sinensis fermentata foliaMM

V/+$00/,P/+%/@,#/):/%&"/@,('+:$(/,=,+%/,D/(($66.&$'%,).5$D/,=,V/+$00/,P/+%/@,#/):/%&"/@,('+:$(/,=,+%/,D/(($66.&$'%,).5$D/,=,63.+D@,5+$(,("63"/@,D/,63.+D@,5+$(,("63"/@,D/,Camellia sinensisCamellia sinensis KiGM,r+%&e/,/&,D/,(/(,KiGM,r+%&e/,/&,D/,(/(,?.)$"&"(,6+0&$?"/(G,?.)$"&"(,6+0&$?"/(G,

i/,&3",%'$),6'%&$/%&,i/,&3",%'$),6'%&$/%&,.+,:$%$:+:,Q@W,X,6/%&,D/,6.#"$%/,.+,:$%$:+:,Q@W,X,6/%&,D/,6.#"$%/,6.06+0",5.),6.06+0",5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/G,).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/G,

;7.:/%,:$6)'(6'5$9+/,;7.:/%,:$6)'(6'5$9+/,FF

.G,,:.60/(,D_'7.0.&/,D/,8.,/&,5'$0(,&/6&/+)(,+%$6/00+0.$)/(,=,5.)'$(,"5.$((/,/&,/7&)":$&",6'%$9+/.G,,:.60/(,D_'7.0.&/,D/,8.,/&,5'$0(,&/6&/+)(,+%$6/00+0.$)/(,=,5.)'$(,"5.$((/,/&,/7&)":$&",6'%$9+/*G,,(60")$&/(*G,,(60")$&/(6G,,"5$D/):/,(+5")$/+),%'%,(&':.&$#4)/6G,,"5$D/):/,(+5")$/+),%'%,(&':.&$#4)/DG,,"5$D/):/,$%#")$/+),(&':.&$#4)/,.?/6,(&':.&/(,/%&'+)"(,5.),Z,'+,N,6/00+0/(,.%%/7/(DG,,"5$D/):/,$%#")$/+),(&':.&$#4)/,.?/6,(&':.&/(,/%&'+)"(,5.),Z,'+,N,6/00+0/(,.%%/7/(

;7.:/%,/%,63)':.&'H).53$/,(+),6'+63/,,;7.:/%,/%,63)':.&'H).53$/,(+),6'+63/,,:$%6/,F:$%6/,F~$(+.0$(.&$'%,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,/&,D/,0.,&3"'*)':$%/,~$(+.0$(.&$'%,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,/&,D/,0.,&3"'*)':$%/,/%,U~/%,U~K,QWN,%:,M,/&,5.),5+0?")$(.&$'%,D/,K,QWN,%:,M,/&,5.),5+0?")$(.&$'%,D/,)".6&$#,$'D')".6&$#,$'D'--$'D+)",$'D+)",

K M 5 5K M 5 5/%,5)"(/%6/,D_+%,&":'$%,D/,6.#"$%//%,5)"(/%6/,D_+%,&":'$%,D/,6.#"$%/

>/)&/,=,0.,D/(($6.&$'%,F,>/)&/,=,0.,D/(($6.&$'%,F, h,Xh,X

8/%D)/(,&'&.0/(,F,8/%D)/(,&'&.0/(,F, b,Xb,X

!'(.H/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,5.),8ik>!'(.H/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,5.),8ik>

LE MATÉ : Ilex paraguariensisLE MATÉ : Ilex paraguariensis

FORMES COMMERCIALES DU MATÉFORMES COMMERCIALES DU MATÉ

CONSTITUANTS ACTIFS PRINCIPAUX DU MATECONSTITUANTS ACTIFS PRINCIPAUX DU MATE

MATÉ VERT MATÉ VERT KKIlex paraguarensisIlex paraguarensisM,,>3G,V).%t.$(/,\OM,,>3G,V).%t.$(/,\O4:/4:/ "D$&$'%"D$&$'%

i.,5.)&$/,+&$0$(",D+,:.&",?/)&,/(&,6'%(&$&+"/,5.),0.,#/+$00/,D/,i.,5.)&$/,+&$0$(",D+,:.&",?/)&,/(&,6'%(&$&+"/,5.),0.,#/+$00/,D/,Ilex Ilex paraguarensis paraguarensis B&G,k$0G,('+:$(/,=,+%/,D/(($66.&$'%,).5$D/,=,B&G,k$0G,('+:$(/,=,+%/,D/(($66.&$'%,).5$D/,=,63.+D@,5+$(,$%6$("/,G,i/,:.&",?/)&,6'%&$/%&,63.+D@,5+$(,$%6$("/,G,i/,:.&",?/)&,6'%&$/%&,.+,:$%$:+:,\@O,X,.+,:$%$:+:,\@O,X,D/,6.#"$%/D/,6.#"$%/ 6.06+0",5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/6.06+0",5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/i/ :.&" (/ 5)"(/%&/ /% :')6/.+7 $))"H+0$/)( .%H+0/+7i/ :.&" (/ 5)"(/%&/ /% :')6/.+7 $))"H+0$/)( .%H+0/+7

DOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEDOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEMonographie analytique du matéMonographie analytique du maté

i/,:.&",(/,5)"(/%&/,/%,:')6/.+7,$))"H+0$/)(@,.%H+0/+7@,i/,:.&",(/,5)"(/%&/,/%,:')6/.+7,$))"H+0$/)(@,.%H+0/+7@,H0.*)/(@,?/)&,P.+%s&)/@,/&,:/(+).%&,D.%(,0/+),50+(,H).%D/,H0.*)/(@,?/)&,P.+%s&)/@,/&,:/(+).%&,D.%(,0/+),50+(,H).%D/,D$:/%($'%,D/,Q::,=,N::GD$:/%($'%,D/,Q::,=,N::G;7.:/%,/%,63)':.&'H).53$/,(+),6'+63/,:$%6/,F;7.:/%,/%,63)':.&'H).53$/,(+),6'+63/,:$%6/,F-- ?$(+.0$(.&$'%?$(+.0$(.&$'% D/D/ 0.0. 6.#"$%/6.#"$%/ /&/& D/D/ 0.0. &3"'*)':$%/&3"'*)':$%/ /%/% U~U~ KK QWNQWN %:%: MM-- 5+0?")$(.&$'%5+0?")$(.&$'% D/D/ )".6&$#)".6&$# $'D'$'D'--$'D+)"$'D+)" /%/% 5)"(/%6/5)"(/%6/ D/D/ &":'$%&":'$% 6.#"$%/6.#"$%/

>/)&/,=,0.,D/(($6.&$'%,F,,h,X>/)&/,=,0.,D/(($6.&$'%,F,,h,X8/%D)/(,&'&.0/(,F,,h,X8/%D)/(,&'&.0/(,F,,h,X!'(.H/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,5.),8ik>!'(.H/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,5.),8ik>

DOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEDOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEAnalyse microscopique du matéAnalyse microscopique du maté

LE GUARANA : Paullinia cupana LE GUARANA : Paullinia cupana KunthKunthvar. var. sorbilissorbilis

E)*+(&/ D/,0.,#.:$00/,D/(,,B.5$%D.6"/(,')$H$%.$)/,D/,0.,)"H$'%,.:.e'%$/%%/

i/(,#)+$&(,F,*.$/(,)'+H/,-').%H"/( 6'%&/%.%& Z H).$%/(').%H"/(,6'%&/%.%&,,Z,H).$%/(,

i.,D)'H+/,F,.:.%D/,D/,0.,H).$%/ '*&/%+/,.5)4(,5.((.H/,(+),+%/,('+)6/,D/,63.0/+)

U(.H/,.%6$/%,5.),0/(,6'::+%.+&"(,.:.e'%$/%%/(,6'::/,.%&$:.0.)$9+/@,(&$:+0.%&/&,` .%&$-#.$: a

1.(/(,7.%&3$9+/(,1.(/(,7.%&3$9+/(,5)$%6$5.0/:/%&,)/5)"(/%&"/(,5.)5)$%6$5.0/:/%&,)/5)"(/%&"/(,5.)0.,6.#"$%/,K,Z,0.,6.#"$%/,K,Z,-- S,X,M,S,X,M,D/,#.$*0/(,9+.%&$&"(,D/,&3"'53200$%/,/&,&3"'*)':$%/D/,#.$*0/(,9+.%&$&"(,D/,&3"'53200$%/,/&,&3"'*)':$%/

8':5'("(,53"%'0$9+/(,8':5'("(,53"%'0$9+/(, &.%$%(,6.&"63$9+/(,&.%$%(,6.&"63$9+/(, SXSX8.&"63'0,/&,D")$?"(,6.&"63$9+/(8.&"63'0,/&,D")$?"(,6.&"63$9+/(

COMPOSES ACTIFS DU GUARANACOMPOSES ACTIFS DU GUARANA

.6$D/,6.&"63+&.%%$9+/.6$D/,6.&"63+&.%%$9+/

>)"(/%6/,D/,(.5'%$%/(,K+(.H/,6'::/,5$(6$6$D/M>)"(/%6/,D/,(.5'%$%/(,K+(.H/,6'::/,5$(6$6$D/M]).6/(,D/,?.%$00$%/]).6/(,D/,?.%$00$%/

U(.H/(,5)$%6$5.+7,6'::/,FU(.H/(,5)$%6$5.+7,6'::/,FB&$:+0.%&,532($9+/,/&,$%&/00/6&+/0B&$:+0.%&,532($9+/,/&,$%&/00/6&+/08'+5/8'+5/--#.$:,`#.$:,` %.&+)/0%.&+)/0 a,K)$(9+/(,5'+),0.,(.%&"Ma,K)$(9+/(,5'+),0.,(.%&"M

FORMES COMMERCIALES DU GUARANAFORMES COMMERCIALES DU GUARANA

Pharmacopée française : 2 monographies (graine et pâte) Pharmacopée française : 2 monographies (graine et pâte)

YjE[n;,YjE[n;,(Paulliniae sorbilis semen)(Paulliniae sorbilis semen)Y).$%/,('+:$(/,=,+%/,).5$D/,D/(($6.&$'%,=,63.+D,Y).$%/,('+:$(/,=,+%/,).5$D/,D/(($6.&$'%,=,63.+D,8 &$ & $ $ Z W X D #"$ 0 0" &8 &$ & $ $ Z W X D #"$ 0 0" &

DOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEDOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEMonographies analytiques du guaranaMonographies analytiques du guarana

8'%&$/%&,.+,:$%$:+:,Z@W,X,D/,6.#"$%/,6.06+0"/,5.),).55')&,8'%&$/%&,.+,:$%$:+:,Z@W,X,D/,6.#"$%/,6.06+0"/,5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/

>E];,>E];,(Paulliniae sorbilis contriti siccatique nuclei)(Paulliniae sorbilis contriti siccatique nuclei)>s&/,("63"/,'*&/%+/,5.),"6).(/:/%&,D/,0_.:.%D/@,('+:$(/,>s&/,("63"/,'*&/%+/,5.),"6).(/:/%&,D/,0_.:.%D/@,('+:$(/,=,+%/,).5$D/,D/(($6.&$'%,=,63.+D,/&,3+:$D$#$"/=,+%/,).5$D/,D/(($6.&$'%,=,63.+D,/&,3+:$D$#$"/

i.,5s&/,D/,H+.).%.,6'%&$/%&,.+,:$%$:+:,Z@O,X,D/,6.#"$%/,6.06+0"/,i.,5s&/,D/,H+.).%.,6'%&$/%&,.+,:$%$:+:,Z@O,X,D/,6.#"$%/,6.06+0"/,5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/5.),).55')&,=,0.,D)'H+/,D/(("63"/

DOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEDOMAINE PHARMACEUTIQUEMonographies analytiques du guaranaMonographies analytiques du guarana

[D/%&$&",/%,88<,F,[D/%&$&",/%,88<,F,?$(+.0$(.&$'%,/%,U~,?$(+.0$(.&$'%,/%,U~,5+0?")$(.&$'%,D/,)".6&$#,$'D'5+0?")$(.&$'%,D/,)".6&$#,$'D'--$'D+)",/%,5)"(/%6/,$'D+)",/%,5)"(/%6/,D_+%,&":'$%,D/,6.#"$%/D_+%,&":'$%,D/,6.#"$%/

>/)&/,=,0.,D/(($6.&$'%,F,>/)&/,=,0.,D/(($6.&$'%,F,\O,X,KH).$%/,/&,5s&/M\O,X,KH).$%/,/&,5s&/M

8/%D)/(,&'&.0/(,F,,8/%D)/(,&'&.0/(,F,, N,X,5'+),0.,H).$%/N,X,5'+),0.,H).$%/S,X,5'+),0.,5s&/S,X,5'+),0.,5s&/

!'(.H/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,5.),8ik>!'(.H/,D/,0.,6.#"$%/,5.),8ik>

LE CACAOTheobroma cacao L.

8.6.'2/),F,8.6.'2/),F,.)*)/,&)'5$6.0,.)*)/,&)'5$6.0,')$H$%.$)/,')$H$%.$)/,D+,</7$9+/,D/,0.,#.:$00/,D/(,D+,</7$9+/,D/,0.,#.:$00/,D/(,B&/)6+0$.6"/(B&/)6+0$.6"/(V)+$&,p,V)+$&,p,6.*'((/6.*'((/@,\W,@,\W,-- QO6:,D/,0'%H@,QO6:,D/,0'%H@,5'$D(,5'$D(, NOOHNOOH>'+((/%&,D$)/6&/:/%&,(+),0/(,>'+((/%&,D$)/6&/:/%&,(+),0/(,*).%63/(,:.g&)/((/(,'+,0/,&)'%6,*).%63/(,:.g&)/((/(,'+,0/,&)'%6,D/,0_.)*)/D/,0_.)*)/Ee&49+/(,Ee&49+/(, *)/+?.H/,.:/),/&,"5$6"@,*)/+?.H/,.:/),/&,"5$6"@,K,K,tchocolatl tchocolatl M@,)"(/)?",=,0_/:5/)/+)@,M@,)"(/)?",=,0_/:5/)/+)@,.+7,%'*0/(,/&,.+7,H+/))$/)(,.+7,%'*0/(,/&,.+7,H+/))$/)(,

LE CACAOTheobroma cacao L.

[%&)'D+6&$'%,/%,;+)'5/,5.),8')&"([%&)'D+6&$'%,/%,;+)'5/,5.),8')&"(;%H'+/:/%&,5'+),0.,*'$(('%,/%,;%H'+/:/%&,5'+),0.,*'$(('%,/%,;+)'5/,=,5.)&$),D+,}~[[;+)'5/,=,5.)&$),D+,}~[[4:/4:/ ($460/($460/

\hNb,F,%.$((.%6/,D+,63'6'0.&,`\hNb,F,%.$((.%6/,D+,63'6'0.&,` /%,/%,50.9+/50.9+/ a,=,5.)&$),D_+%,:"0.%H/,D/,a,=,5.)&$),D_+%,:"0.%H/,D/,

LE CACAOCultures dans le monde

LE CACAOCulture et variété

A+.&)/,?.)$"&"(,5)$%6$5.0/,D/,6.6.'A+.&)/,?.)$"&"(,5)$%6$5.0/,D/,6.6.'i/,i/,#').(&/)'#').(&/)' KRW,X,D/,0.,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/M,KRW,X,D/,0.,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/M,')$H$%.$)/,DJE:.e'%$/,:.$(,5)$%6$5.0/:/%&,')$H$%.$)/,DJE:.e'%$/,:.$(,5)$%6$5.0/:/%&,6+0&$?",/%,E#)$9+/@,1)"($0,/&,Å9+.&/+),6+0&$?",/%,E#)$9+/@,1)"($0,/&,Å9+.&/+),)+(&$9+/,K)+(&$9+/,K22MMi/i/ 6)$'00'6)$'00' F 6+0&$?" /% E:")$9+/ 0.&$%/F 6+0&$?" /% E:")$9+/ 0.&$%/i/,i/,6)$'00'6)$'00' F,6+0&$?",/%,E:")$9+/,0.&$%/,F,6+0&$?",/%,E:")$9+/,0.&$%/,K8.).C*/(@,E%&$00/(@,</7$9+/@,~/%/e+/0.@,K8.).C*/(@,E%&$00/(@,</7$9+/@,~/%/e+/0.@,8'0':*$/M,8'0':*$/M, 6.6.',6.6.',#$%,/&,.)':.&$9+/#$%,/&,.)':.&$9+/i/,i/,&)$%$&.)$'&)$%$&.)$'@,$((+,D+,6)'$(/:/%&,D/(,D/+7,@,$((+,D+,6)'$(/:/%&,D/(,D/+7,5)"6"D/%&(,K\W,X,D/,0.,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/M,5)"6"D/%&(,K\W,X,D/,0.,5)'D+6&$'%,:'%D$.0/M,/(546/,)"($(&.%&/,5)'D+$(.%&,+%,6.6.',#$%,/(546/,)"($(&.%&/,5)'D+$(.%&,+%,6.6.',#$%,

KK1 et 31 et 3MMi/,i/,%.6$'%.0%.6$'%.0 K6+0&+)/,.%D$%/M,K6+0&+)/,.%D$%/M, 6.6.',&)4(,#$%,6.6.',&)4(,#$%,:.$(,/(546/,#).H$0/,F,5)'D+6&$'%,&)4(,#.$*0/:.$(,/(546/,#).H$0/,F,5)'D+6&$'%,&)4(,#.$*0/

LE CACAOÉconomie du cacao

>)'D+6&$'%,/%,&'%%/(,D/,#4?/,D/,6.6.',K63$##)/(,VEf,QOOSM

LE CACAODu traitement post-récolte au cacao marchand

>0+5.)&,D/(,5.2(,5)'D+6&/+)(,F,>0+5.)&,D/(,5.2(,5)'D+6&/+)(,F,)"6'0&/,D/+7,#'$(,5.),.%)"6'0&/,D/+7,#'$(,5.),.%

;6.*'((.H/,F,'5").&$'%,:.%+/00/,;6.*'((.H/,F,'5").&$'%,:.%+/00/,%"6/(($&.%&,+%/,:.$%%"6/(($&.%&,+%/,:.$%--D_'/+?)/,D_'/+?)/,$:5')&.%&/$:5')&.%&/$:5')&.%&/$:5')&.%&/

i/(,i/(,ZOZO--WO,H).$%/(WO,H).$%/(@,/%&'+)"/(,D/,0/+),@,/%&'+)"/(,D/,0/+),5+05/,*0.%63/,:+6$0.H$%/+(/@,('%&,5+05/,*0.%63/,:+6$0.H$%/+(/@,('%&,/7&).$&/(,.?/6,0/(,D'$H&(/7&).$&/(,.?/6,0/(,D'$H&(

>+$(,H).$%/(,/&,5+05/,('%&,:$(,/%,&.(,>+$(,H).$%/(,/&,5+05/,('%&,:$(,/%,&.(,6'%$9+/,'+,/%,6.$((/,D/,\OO,=,\,OOO,6'%$9+/,'+,/%,6.$((/,D/,\OO,=,\,OOO,cH,5'+),0_"&.5/,D/,#/):/%&.&$'%cH,5'+),0_"&.5/,D/,#/):/%&.&$'%

i.,#/):/%&.&$'%,KW,P'+)(M,.*'+&$&,=,Fi.,#/):/%&.&$'%,KW,P'+)(M,.*'+&$&,=,FU%/,D/(&)+6&$'%,D+,5'+?'$),H/):$%.&$#,U%/,D/(&)+6&$'%,D+,5'+?'$),H/):$%.&$#,D/,0.,H).$%/,D/,0.,H).$%/,U%/,D$:$%+&$'%,D/,0_.:/)&+:/,5.),U%/,D$:$%+&$'%,D/,0_.:/)&+:/,5.),5/)&/ D/ &3"'*)':$%/5/)&/ D/ &3"'*)':$%/5/)&/,D/,&3"'*)':$%/5/)&/,D/,&3"'*)':$%/U%/,D$:$%+&$'%,D/,0_.(&)$%H/%6/,5.),U%/,D$:$%+&$'%,D/,0_.(&)$%H/%6/,5.),6'%D/%(.&$'%,D/(,5'0253"%'0(,.?/6,6'%D/%(.&$'%,D/(,5'0253"%'0(,.?/6,0/(,.6$D/(,.:$%"(,/&,0/(,5)'&"$%/(,0/(,.6$D/(,.:$%"(,/&,0/(,5)'&"$%/(,i_'*&/%&$'%,D_.6G,.:$%"(,/&,D/,(+6)/(,i_'*&/%&$'%,D_.6G,.:$%"(,/&,D/,(+6)/(,)"D+6&/+)(,`,5)"6+)(/+)(,D_.)x:/,a,)"D+6&/+)(,`,5)"6+)(/+)(,D_.)x:/,a,9+$,0')(,D/,0.,&'))"#.6&$'%,9+$,0')(,D/,0.,&'))"#.6&$'%, 6':5'("(,6':5'("(,.)':.&$9+/(,&25$9+/(.)':.&$9+/(,&25$9+/(

i/,(463.H/,D/(,H).$%/(,Fi/,(463.H/,D/(,H).$%/(,F[%&")^&,F,).:/%/),0.,&/%/+),[%&")^&,F,).:/%/),0.,&/%/+),:.(($9+/,/%,/.+,D/(,H).$%/(,:.(($9+/,/%,/.+,D/(,H).$%/(,#/):/%&"/(,D_/%?$)'%,SO,X,=,#/):/%&"/(,D_/%?$)'%,SO,X,=,$ D h X$ D h X:'$%(,D/,h,X:'$%(,D/,h,X

B463.H/,%.&+)/0,'+,("63.H/,B463.H/,%.&+)/0,'+,("63.H/,.)&$#$6$/0,K.$),63.+D@,(463.H/,.)&$#$6$/0,K.$),63.+D@,(463.H/,:"6.%$9+/M:"6.%$9+/MU%/,#'$(,(463"/(,/&,%/&&'2"/(@,U%/,#'$(,(463"/(,/&,%/&&'2"/(@,0/(,H).$%/(,5)/%%/%&,0/,%':,D/,0/(,H).$%/(,5)/%%/%&,0/,%':,D/,`̀ #4?/(,D/,6.6.'#4?/(,D/,6.6.' a,a,

8':5'($&$'%,D/(,#4?/(,(463"/(,F8':5'($&$'%,D/(,#4?/(,(463"/(,F>/)&/,/%,(.663.)'(/,/&,5+)$%/(,>/)&/,/%,(.663.)'(/,/&,5+)$%/(,E+H:/%&.&$'%,D/,0.,&/%/+),/%,E+H:/%&.&$'%,D/,0.,&/%/+),/%,(+6)/(,)"D+6&/+)((+6)/(,)"D+6&/+)(k2D)'02(/,D/(,5)'&"$%/(,k2D)'02(/,D/(,5)'&"$%/(,'0$H'5/5&$D/(,d,.6G,.:$%"(,0$*)/('0$H'5/5&$D/(,d,.6G,.:$%"(,0$*)/(V')&/,D$:$%+&$'%,D/(,6':5'("(,V')&/,D$:$%+&$'%,D/(,6':5'("(,53"%'0$9+/(@,%'&.::/%&,D/(53"%'0$9+/(@,%'&.::/%&,D/(#0.?.%#0.?.%--ZZ--'0(,K"5$6.&"63$%/,/&,'0(,K"5$6.&"63$%/,/&,5)'62.%$D$%/(M5)'62.%$D$%/(M

LE CACAODu cacao marchand au produit semi-fini

>)"&'))"#.6&$'%,).5$D/,>)"&'))"#.6&$'%,).5$D/, #.6$0$&/,0/,#.6$0$&/,0/,D"6')&$6.H/,D"6')&$6.H/,Kz,WX,D/,6'9+/(,MKz,WX,D/,6'9+/(,M

E06.0$%$(.&$'%E06.0$%$(.&$'% KrKrQQ8f8fZZM,M, :'D$#$6.&$'%,:'D$#$6.&$'%,6'+0/+),/&,#0.?/+)(,5.),.&&.9+/,D/(,6'+0/+),/&,#0.?/+)(,5.),.&&.9+/,D/(,&.%$%(&.%$%(

]'))"#.6&$'%]'))"#.6&$'% \OO = \WO\OO = \WO {{8 5/%D.%&8 5/%D.%&]'))"#.6&$'%]'))"#.6&$'% \OO,=,\WO,\OO,=,\WO, 8,5/%D.%&,8,5/%D.%&,QO,=,NO,:$%+&/(QO,=,NO,:$%+&/(

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V$0$4)/,5'+D)/,V$0$4)/,5'+D)/, &'+)&/.+7,5)/(("(,&'+)&/.+7,5)/(("(,Kz,QO,X,:.&G,H).((/M,5+0?")$("(Kz,QO,X,:.&G,H).((/M,5+0?")$("(

V$0$4)/,*/+))/,V$0$4)/,*/+))/, D"('D')$(.&$'%,('+(,D"('D')$(.&$'%,('+(,?$D/,5.),$%P/6&$'%,D/,?.5/+)?$D/,5.),$%P/6&$'%,D/,?.5/+)

LE CACAODu produit semi-fini au chocolat

[:5')&.%6/,D+,6'%63.H/,F[:5')&.%6/,D+,6'%63.H/,F

f5").&$'%,5)$:')D$.0/,/%,f5").&$'%,5)$:')D$.0/,/%,63'6'0.&/)$/63'6'0.&/)$/B_/##/6&+/,D.%(,D/,H).%D/(,B_/##/6&+/,D.%(,D/,H).%D/(,6+?/( K6'%63/(M 'Ç 0. 5s&/6+?/( K6'%63/(M 'Ç 0. 5s&/6+?/(,K6'%63/(M,'Ç,0.,5s&/,6+?/(,K6'%63/(M,'Ç,0.,5s&/,D/,63'6'0.&@,63.+##"/,/%&)/,D/,63'6'0.&@,63.+##"/,/%&)/,WO,=,hO,WO,=,hO,{{8,/(&,*).(("/,/&,8,/(&,*).(("/,/&,:.0.7"/,D/,%*,3/+)/(:.0.7"/,D/,%*,3/+)/(B&'6c.H/,=,NWB&'6c.H/,=,NW{{88]/:5").H/,]/:5").H/, '89'89::&&(;<=3>7(;<=3>7

CACAO ET CHOCOLATAspects nutritionnels

CACAO ET CHOCOLATLe cacao contient-il de la caféine ?

>'+D)/,D/,6.6.'>'+D)/,D/,6.6.'B/0'%,0/,D/H)",D/,#/):/%&.&$'%,/&,0/,&25/,D/,#4?/(,D/,6.6.'@,0.,&/%/+),/%,B/0'%,0/,D/H)",D/,#/):/%&.&$'%,/&,0/,&25/,D/,#4?/(,D/,6.6.'@,0.,&/%/+),/%,6.#"$%/,?.)$/,/%&)/,OG\,/&,OGWXG,i/(,5'+D)/(,D/,6.6.',#.*)$9+"/(,=,5.)&$),D/,6.#"$%/,?.)$/,/%&)/,OG\,/&,OGWXG,i/(,5'+D)/(,D/,6.6.',#.*)$9+"/(,=,5.)&$),D/,#4?/(,D/,6.6.',#/):/%&"/(,/%,E#)$9+/,'%&,+%/,&)4(,#.$*0/,&/%/+),/%,6.#"$%/#4?/(,D/,6.6.',#/):/%&"/(,/%,E#)$9+/,'%&,+%/,&)4(,#.$*0/,&/%/+),/%,6.#"$%/ F,F,OG\X,'+,:'$%(GOG\X,'+,:'$%(G

83'6'0.&,83'6'0.&,i/,&.+7,D/,6.#"$%/,5'+),+%/,*.))/,D/,63'6'0.&,,60.(($9+/,KNO,HM,/&,5'+),+%/,i/,&.+7,D/,6.#"$%/,5'+),+%/,*.))/,D/,63'6'0.&,,60.(($9+/,KNO,HM,/&,5'+),+%/,&.((/,D/,63'6'0.&,.+,0.$&@,/(&,"9+$?.0/%&/,=,6/,9+J'%,&)'+?/,D.%(,+%/,&.((/,&.((/,D/,63'6'0.&,.+,0.$&@,/(&,"9+$?.0/%&/,=,6/,9+J'%,&)'+?/,D.%(,+%/,&.((/,D/,6.#",D"6.#"$%",F,\O,D/,6.#",D"6.#"$%",F,\O,ÉÉ \W,:HG,i.,&/%/+),/(&,0"H4)/:/%&,(+5")$/+)/,5'+),0/,\W,:HG,i.,&/%/+),/(&,0"H4)/:/%&,(+5")$/+)/,5'+),0/,63'6'0.&,%'$)G63'6'0.&,%'$)G

]/%/+),/%,&3"'*)':$%/,,]/%/+),/%,&3"'*)':$%/,,

i.,&3"'*)':$%/,/(&,+%,(&$:+0.%&,D'+7,D+,Bn8,/&,5)"(/%&/,"H.0/:/%&,i.,&3"'*)':$%/,/(&,+%,(&$:+0.%&,D'+7,D+,Bn8,/&,5)"(/%&/,"H.0/:/%&,D/(,,5)'5)$"&"(,D$+)"&$9+/@,?.('D$0.&.&)$6/,/&,6.)D$'(&$:+0.%&/GD/(,,5)'5)$"&"(,D$+)"&$9+/@,?.('D$0.&.&)$6/,/&,6.)D$'(&$:+0.%&/G

Fèves de cacao : 1,1 – 4,3 % Chocolat au lait : 0,1 – 0,2 %

Cacao en poudre : 0,5 – 2,6 % Chocolat noir : 0,4 – 1,6 %

CACAO ET CHOCOLATPolyphénols du cacao

CACAO ET CHOCOLATAspects règlementaires (décret n°76-692)

ChocolatChocolat F,5)'D+$&,'*&/%+,=,5.)&$),D/,6.6.',/%,H).$%(@,D/,6.6.',/%,5s&/@,D/,F,5)'D+$&,'*&/%+,=,5.)&$),D/,6.6.',/%,H).$%(@,D/,6.6.',/%,5s&/@,D/,6.6.',/%,5'+D)/,'+,D/,6.6.',:.$H)/,/%,5'+D)/,/&,D/,(.663.)'(/@,.?/6,'+,6.6.',/%,5'+D)/,'+,D/,6.6.',:.$H)/,/%,5'+D)/,/&,D/,(.663.)'(/@,.?/6,'+,(.%(,.DP'%6&$'%,D/,*/+))/,D/,6.6.'@,/&,6'%&/%.%&,.+,:'$%(,ZW,X,D/,:.&$4)/,(.%(,.DP'%6&$'%,D/,*/+))/,D/,6.6.'@,/&,6'%&/%.%&,.+,:'$%(,ZW,X,D/,:.&$4)/,(463/,&'&.0/,D/,6.6.'@,.+,:'$%(,\N,X,D/,6.6.',(/6,/&,D"H).$((",/&,.+,:'$%(,(463/,&'&.0/,D/,6.6.'@,.+,:'$%(,\N,X,D/,6.6.',(/6,/&,D"H).$((",/&,.+,:'$%(,\h,X,D/,*/+))/,D/,6.6.'G\h,X,D/,*/+))/,D/,6.6.'GChocolat au lait Chocolat au lait F,5)'D+$&,'*&/%+,=,5.)&$),D/,6.6.',/%,H).$%(@,D/,6.6.',/%,F,5)'D+$&,'*&/%+,=,5.)&$),D/,6.6.',/%,H).$%(@,D/,6.6.',/%,5s&/@,D/,6.6.',/%,5'+D)/,'+,D/,6.6.',:.$H)/,/%,5'+D)/,/&,D/,(.663.)'(/@,5s&/@,D/,6.6.',/%,5'+D)/,'+,D/,6.6.',:.$H)/,/%,5'+D)/,/&,D/,(.663.)'(/@,.?/6 '+ (.%( .DP'%6&$'% D/ */+))/ D/ 6.6.' .$%($ 9+_= 5.)&$) D/ 0.$& '+ D/.?/6 '+ (.%( .DP'%6&$'% D/ */+))/ D/ 6.6.' .$%($ 9+_= 5.)&$) D/ 0.$& '+ D/.?/6,'+,(.%(,.DP'%6&$'%,D/,*/+))/,D/,6.6.'@,.$%($,9+_=,5.)&$),D/,0.$&,'+,D/,.?/6,'+,(.%(,.DP'%6&$'%,D/,*/+))/,D/,6.6.'@,.$%($,9+_=,5.)&$),D/,0.$&,'+,D/,:.&$4)/(,5)'?/%.%&,D/,0.,D"(32D).&.&$'%,5.)&$/00/,'+,/%&$4)/,D+,0.$&,/%&$/),'+,D+,:.&$4)/(,5)'?/%.%&,D/,0.,D"(32D).&.&$'%,5.)&$/00/,'+,/%&$4)/,D+,0.$&,/%&$/),'+,D+,0.$&,5.)&$/00/:/%&,'+,/%&$4)/:/%&,"6)":",/&,"?/%&+/00/:/%&,D/,6)4:/@,D/,6)4:/,0.$&,5.)&$/00/:/%&,'+,/%&$4)/:/%&,"6)":",/&,"?/%&+/00/:/%&,D/,6)4:/@,D/,6)4:/,5.)&$/00/:/%&,'+,/%&$4)/:/%&,D"(32D).&"/@,D/,*/+))/,'+,D/,H).$((/,*+&2)$9+/G5.)&$/00/:/%&,'+,/%&$4)/:/%&,D"(32D).&"/@,D/,*/+))/,'+,D/,H).$((/,*+&2)$9+/GChocolat blanc Chocolat blanc F,5)'D+$&,/7/:5&,D/,:.&$4)/(,6'0').%&/(,@'*&/%+,=,5.)&$),D/,F,5)'D+$&,/7/:5&,D/,:.&$4)/(,6'0').%&/(,@'*&/%+,=,5.)&$),D/,*/+))/,D/,6.6.',/&,D/,(.663.)'(/@,.$%($,9+_=,5.)&$),D/,0.$&,'+,D/,:.&$4)/(,*/+))/,D/,6.6.',/&,D/,(.663.)'(/@,.$%($,9+_=,5.)&$),D/,0.$&,'+,D/,:.&$4)/(,5)'?/%.%&,D/,0.,D"(32D).&.&$',%5.)&$/00/,'+,/%&$4)/,D+,0.$&,/%&$/),'+,D+,0.$&,5)'?/%.%&,D/,0.,D"(32D).&.&$',%5.)&$/00/,'+,/%&$4)/,D+,0.$&,/%&$/),'+,D+,0.$&,5.)&$/00/:/%&,'+,/%&$4)/:/%&,"6)":",/&,"?/%&+/00/:/%&,D/,6)4:/@,D/,6)4:/,5.)&$/00/:/%&,'+,/%&$4)/:/%&,"6)":",/&,"?/%&+/00/:/%&,D/,6)4:/@,D/,6)4:/,5.)&$/00/:/%&,'+,/%&$4)/:/%&,D"(32D).&"/@,D/,*/+))/,'+,D/,H).$((/,*+&2)$9+/G5.)&$/00/:/%&,'+,/%&$4)/:/%&,D"(32D).&"/@,D/,*/+))/,'+,D/,H).$((/,*+&2)$9+/G

n1,F,!/5+$(,QOOZ,KD$)/6&$?/,/+)'5"/%%/,QOOO|ZS|;8M@,5'(($*$0$&",n1,F,!/5+$(,QOOZ,KD$)/6&$?/,/+)'5"/%%/,QOOO|ZS|;8M@,5'(($*$0$&",D_.DP'%6&$'%,D/,,D_.DP'%6&$'%,D/,,H).$((/(,?"H"&.0/H).$((/(,?"H"&.0/ KW,X,:.7GM,.?/6,'*0$H.&$'%,D_"&$9+/&.H/GKW,X,:.7GM,.?/6,'*0$H.&$'%,D_"&$9+/&.H/G

CACAO ET CHOCOLATContrôle de la qualité finale

;:*.00.H/,F,;:*.00.H/,F,.(5/6&@,"&.%63"$&",.(5/6&@,"&.%63"$&",

E(5/6&,/7&/)%/,F,E(5/6&,/7&/)%/,F,*)$00.%6/@,6'+0/+)@,.*(/%6/,D/,*+00/(,D_.$)@,D/,*)$00.%6/@,6'+0/+)@,.*(/%6/,D/,*+00/(,D_.$)@,D/,6)$(&.+7GGG6)$(&.+7GGG

]/7&+)/,F,]/7&+)/,F,%'%,H).%+0/+(/%'%,H).%+0/+(/

V0.?/+),F,V0.?/+),F,5.%/0,D/,D"H+(&.&/+)(,5.%/0,D/,D"H+(&.&/+)(,

]/(&(,532($6']/(&(,532($6'--63$:$9+/(,F,63$:$9+/(,F,)3"'0'H$/@,#$%/((/@,:.&$4)/,H).((/,)3"'0'H$/@,#$%/((/@,:.&$4)/,H).((/,

]/(&(,:$6)'*$'0'H$9+/(,F,]/(&(,:$6)'*$'0'H$9+/(,F,j/63/)63/,D/,*.6&")$/(,5.&3'H4%/(,F,j/63/)63/,D/,*.6&")$/(,5.&3'H4%/(,F,Salmonella sp., Escherichia Salmonella sp., Escherichia Coli, Staphylococcus sp. Coli, Staphylococcus sp. /&,/&,Listeria monocytogenesesListeria monocytogeneses

j/63/)63/,D/(,0/?+)/(,/&,:'$($((+)/(,j/63/)63/,D/(,0/?+)/(,/&,:'$($((+)/(,

8'%#'):$&",D/,0_"&$9+/&.H/,8'%#'):$&",D/,0_"&$9+/&.H/,E%.02(/,D/(,(+6)/(,5.),k>i8E%.02(/,D/(,(+6)/(,5.),k>i8

COMPARAISON DANS LA TENEUR EN CAFEINE COMPARAISON DANS LA TENEUR EN CAFEINE DE DIVERSES BOISSONSDE DIVERSES BOISSONS

nG1G,F,8'6.,6'0.,nG1G,F,8'6.,6'0., Zh,:H,D/,6.#"$%/,5'+),S,'%6/(,K\hh,:0MZh,:H,D/,6.#"$%/,5'+),S,'%6/(,K\hh,:0M

PAVOT, OPIUM ET MORPHINEPAVOT, OPIUM ET MORPHINE

\G\G [%&)'D+6&$'%[%&)'D+6&$'%

QGQG f)$H$%/@,D$(&)$*+&$'%@,0'6.0$(.&$'%f)$H$%/@,D$(&)$*+&$'%@,0'6.0$(.&$'%

ZGZG f5$+:f5$+:

NGNG >.$00/,D_'5$+:>.$00/,D_'5$+:

WGWG ;7&).6&$'%,D/,0.,:')53$%/;7&).6&$'%,D/,0.,:')53$%/

SGSG E(5/6&(,(&)+6&+).+7E(5/6&(,(&)+6&+).+7

RGRG >)'5)$"&"(,53.):.6'0'H$9+/(>)'5)$"&"(,53.):.6'0'H$9+/(

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION[('9+$%'0"$%/(,#)"9+/%&/(,[('9+$%'0"$%/(,#)"9+/%&/(, >.5.?").6"/(,>.5.?").6"/(,<')53$%.%/(,(5"6$#$9+/(,<')53$%.%/(,(5"6$#$9+/(, PapaverPapaver (55G(55G<')53$%/,<')53$%/, Papaver somniferumPapaver somniferum /&,/&,P. setigerumP. setigerum +%$9+/:/%&+%$9+/:/%&

!")$?"(,D/,!")$?"(,D/,Papaver somniferumPapaver somniferum D.%(,0.,0$(&/,D/(,D.%(,0.,0$(&/,D/(,(+*(&.%6/(,60.(("/(,6'::/,(&+5"#$.%&,/%,V).%6/,F(+*(&.%6/(,60.(("/(,6'::/,(&+5"#$.%&,/%,V).%6/,F

-- f5$+:@,5.$00/,D/,5.?'&@,:')53$%/,K.%%/7/,\Mf5$+:@,5.$00/,D/,5.?'&@,:')53$%/,K.%%/7/,\M-- 8'D"$%/,K.%%/7/,QM8'D"$%/,K.%%/7/,QM

PLANTES D’ORIGINEPLANTES D’ORIGINE

P. somniferumP. somniferum /&,/&,P. setigerum P. setigerum K'+,((5G,K'+,((5G,setigerumsetigerumMM

>0.%&/,.%%+/00/@,\:,=,\@WO:,@,>0.%&/,.%%+/00/@,\:,=,\@WO:,@,#/+$00/(,.0&/)%/(,#/+$00/(,.0&/)%/(,H0.*)/(H0.*)/(

VV)+$&,)+$&,F,F,6.5(+0/,'?'CD/,=,60'$('%(,6.5(+0/,'?'CD/,=,60'$('%(,).D$.0/(,).D$.0/(,KK :+0&$&+D/,H).$%/(,M:+0&$&+D/,H).$%/(,M

E5)4(,$%6$($'%,E5)4(,$%6$($'%, 0.&/7,*0.%6,0.&/7,*0.%6,*)+%$((/:/%&,=,0_.$)*)+%$((/:/%&,=,0_.$)

PLANTES D’ORIGINEPLANTES D’ORIGINE

].7$%':$/,6':50/7/@,?.)$.*$0$&",:')53'0'H$9+/,D+,H/%)/,Papaver

~.)G,'+,((5,Papaver somniferum

5.?'&,=,#0/+)(,/&,H).$%/(,*0.%63/(,K[%D/M

5.?'&,%'$),K5.?'&,'/$00/&&/M,6+0&$?",/%,;+)'5/,K#0/+)(,?$'0.6"/(M

5.?'&,DJE($/,:$%/+)/,K#0/+)(,5'+)5)/(M

L’OPIUM>.2(,D/,5)'D+6&$'%,0$6$&/,F,[%D/@,83$%/,>.2(,D/,5)'D+6&$'%,0$6$&/,F,[%D/@,83$%/,

i.&/7,("63",=,0J.$),'*&/%+,.5)4(i.&/7,("63",=,0J.$),'*&/%+,.5)4($%6$($'%,6.5(+0/(,/%6')/,?/)&/($%6$($'%,6.5(+0/(,/%6')/,?/)&/(

8'00/6&/,D+,0.&/7,5.),).60.H/@,8'00/6&/,D+,0.&/7,5.),).60.H/@,5+$(,("63.H/,=,0J.$)5+$(,("63.H/,=,0J.$)5 H5 H

<.((/,<.((/,:'00/,:'00/,=,D+)/=,D+)/@,(.?/+)@,(.?/+) 5$9+.%&/,5$9+.%&/,/&,.:4)/@,'D/+),6.).6&")$(&$9+//&,.:4)/@,'D/+),6.).6&")$(&$9+/

8'%&/%+,63$:$9+/,F8'%&/%+,63$:$9+/,F\O,=,\Q,X,:')53$%/\O,=,\Q,X,:')53$%/Q,=,W,X,6'D"$%/,K,:"6'%.&/@,#+:.).&/,MQ,=,W,X,6'D"$%/,K,:"6'%.&/@,#+:.).&/,M#.$*0/(,9+.%&$&"(,F,%'(6.5$%/@,#.$*0/(,9+.%&$&"(,F,%'(6.5$%/@,&3"*.C%/@,5.5.?")$%/,GG,K,E]F,QO,X,M&3"*.C%/@,5.5.?")$%/,GG,K,E]F,QO,X,M

<'%'H).53$/,D/,0_'5$+:,*)+&,>3.):.6'5"/,/+)'5"/%%/,S4:/ "D$&$'%K,%'%,D"0$?).*0/,/%,0_"&.&,M

[D/%&$&" F

[D/%&$&",F,:$6)'H).53$/,KrfkM,F,

H).%+0.&$'%(,*)+%/(@,#$0.:/%&(@,5'00/%

)".6&$'%(,63$:$9+/(,F,'5$+:,d,kQf, #$0&).&,,,,,,,,,d,80ZV/ )'+H/,K,.6$D/,:"6'%$9+/,M,d,80k, D$(5.)$&$'%

88<,K,.06.0'CD/(,&":'$%(,M,F,)"?"0.&$'%,.+,$'D'*$(:+&3.&/,r,K!).H/%D')##M

MATIÈRES PREMIÈRES ISSUES DE L’OPIUM : MATIÈRES PREMIÈRES ISSUES DE L’OPIUM : PAILLE DE PAVOTPAILLE DE PAVOT

8+0&+)/,.%6$/%%/,/%,;+)'5/,8+0&+)/,.%6$/%%/,/%,;+)'5/, H).$%/(,K5.?'&,,H).$%/(,K5.?'&,,'/$00/&&/M'/$00/&&/M

E:"0$').&$'%,?.)$"&"(,/&,5).&$9+/(,6+0&+).0/,E:"0$').&$'%,?.)$"&"(,/&,5).&$9+/(,6+0&+).0/,5)'D+6&$'% D$)/6&/ D/(5)'D+6&$'% D$)/6&/ D/( .06.0'CD/(.06.0'CD/( K5.( D/ 5)'D+6&$'%K5.( D/ 5)'D+6&$'%5)'D+6&$'%,D$)/6&/,D/(,5)'D+6&$'%,D$)/6&/,D/(,.06.0'CD/(,.06.0'CD/(,K5.(,D/,5)'D+6&$'%K5.(,D/,5)'D+6&$'%D_'5$+:MD_'5$+:M

!/+7,5'(($*$0$&"(,F!/+7,5'(($*$0$&"(,F

B+5/)#$6$/,K,V).%6/,M,F,ROOO,3.,B+5/)#$6$/,K,V).%6/,M,F,ROOO,3., RORO &'%%/(,&'%%/(,:')53$%/:')53$%/

EXTRACTION DE LA MORPHINEEXTRACTION DE LA MORPHINE

E,5.)&$),D/,0_'5$+:,Z,X,'5$+:, +(.H/,D$)/6&,/%,H.0"%$9+/,bR,X,K0$6$&/M, (/)&,=,0_/7&).6&$'%,D/,0.,:')53$%/,>)'6"D" &).D$&$'%%/0 F>)'6"D",&).D$&$'%%/0,F<"&3'D/,:'D$#$"/,D/,Y)/H')2,Ñ,j'*/)&('%@,\b4:/ ($460/G,!"50.6/:/%&,=,5.)&$),D/,0.,#'):/,%.&+)/00/, :"6'%.&/,D/:')53$%/,F

Morphine

+ eau ( 25 °C ) + Ca(OH)2

Concentration

Morphinate de Ca en solution

Méconate de Ca

Ebullition + NH4Cl

Morphine en refroidissant

A partir de la paille de pavot A partir de la paille de pavot ;7&).6&$'%,;7&).6&$'%,('0$D/('0$D/--0$9+$D/,0$9+$D/, 6'%6/%&)",D/,5.$00/,D/,5.?'&,KH).%+0"(M,6'%6/%&)",D/,5.$00/,D/,5.?'&,KH).%+0"(M,d,/.+,.6$D/,d,/.+,.6$D/, .06.0'CD/(,(/0(,.06.0'CD/(,(/0(, d,*.(/,#.$*0/,d,*.(/,#.$*0/, :')53$%/,:')53$%/,("0/6&$?/:/%&,("0/6&$?/:/%&,

>+)$#$6.&$'%,5.),)"($%/(,"63.%H/+(/(,DJ$'%(,'+,5)"6$5$&.&$'%(,>+)$#$6.&$'%,5.),)"($%/(,"63.%H/+(/(,DJ$'%(,'+,5)"6$5$&.&$'%(,("0/6&$?/(("0/6&$?/(

;((/%&$/0,5)'D+6&$'%,:')53$%/,;((/%&$/0,5)'D+6&$'%,:')53$%/, 5)"5.).&$'%,D/,0.,5)"5.).&$'%,D/,0.,6'D"$%/,/&,D/,0.,6'D"&320$%/6'D"$%/,/&,D/,0.,6'D"&320$%/

QOOO,F,6'%('::.&$'%,:'%D$.0/,:')53$%/, ,QQ,&'%%/(,QOOO,F,6'%('::.&$'%,:'%D$.0/,:')53$%/, ,QQ,&'%%/(,K6'D"$%/, ,QOO,&'%%/(,p,RWX,D/,&'+(,0/(,'5$.6"/(MK6'D"$%/, ,QOO,&'%%/(,p,RWX,D/,&'+(,0/(,'5$.6"/(M

ASPECTS STRUCTURAUXASPECTS STRUCTURAUX

Morphine : Morphine : .06.0'CD/,:.P')$&.$)/,D/,0J'5$+:,F.06.0'CD/,:.P')$&.$)/,D/,0J'5$+:,FK\O,=,\Q,XMK\O,=,\Q,XMW,6/%&)/(,.((2:"&)$9+/(,F,W,6/%&)/(,.((2:"&)$9+/(,F,(2%&34(/,&'&.0/,6':50/7/(2%&34(/,&'&.0/,6':50/7/

;%.%&$':4)/,0"?'H$)/,%.&+)/0,.6&$#,;%.%&$':4)/,0"?'H$)/,%.&+)/0,.6&$#,>3"%'0,/%,Z,F,('0+*$0$&",D.%(,('0G,>3"%'0,/%,Z,F,('0+*$0$&",D.%(,('0G,.06.0$%/(,K:')53$%.&/M,/&,5)'5)$"&"(,.06.0$%/(,K:')53$%.&/M,/&,5)'5)$"&"(,)"D+6&)$6/()"D+6&)$6/(830')32D).&/,F,6)$(&.00$(/,.?/6,Z,k830')32D).&/,F,6)$(&.00$(/,.?/6,Z,kQQff

Codéine : Codéine : f8kf8kZZ /%,5'($&$'%,Z,/%,5'($&$'%,Z,5.(,D/,#'%6&$'%,53"%'05.(,D/,#'%6&$'%,53"%'0

PROPRIETES PHARMACOLOGIQUESPROPRIETES PHARMACOLOGIQUES

;##/&(,D/,0.,:')53$%/,(+),0/,Bn8,F;##/&(,D/,0.,:')53$%/,(+),0/,Bn8,FV$7.&$'%,(&")"'(5"6$#$9+/,/&,)"?/)($*0/,(+),)"6/5&/+)(,(5"6$#$9+/(V$7.&$'%,(&")"'(5"6$#$9+/,/&,)"?/)($*0/,(+),)"6/5&/+)(,(5"6$#$9+/(;##/&,.%.0H"($9+/,F;##/&,.%.0H"($9+/,FÖ,,Ö,, (/+$0,5/)6/5&$'%,D'+0/+)@,(/+$0,5/)6/5&$'%,D'+0/+)@, 5/)6/5&$'%,%'6$6/5&$?/5/)6/5&$'%,%'6$6/5&$?/Ö,,Ö,, (+P/&,('+##).%&,/&,(+P/&,%'):.0(+P/&,('+##).%&,/&,(+P/&,%'):.0;##/&,)/(5$).&'$)/,F;##/&,)/(5$).&'$)/,F55Ö,,Ö,, 6/%&)/(,*+0*.$)/(@,*).D25%"/@,$))"H+0.)$&",)2&3:/6/%&)/(,*+0*.$)/(@,*).D25%"/@,$))"H+0.)$&",)2&3:/E+&)/(,/##/&(,6/%&).+7,FE+&)/(,/##/&(,6/%&).+7,FÖ,,Ö,, 6/%&)/,&'+7@,6/%&)/,&'+7@, 325'532(/@,:2'($(325'532(/@,:2'($(!"5/%D.%6/,F!"5/%D.%6/,FÖ,,;##/&,5(263'D2(0/5&$9+/,F,/+53')$/,/&,*$/%Ö,,;##/&,5(263'D2(0/5&$9+/,F,/+53')$/,/&,*$/%--^&)/^&)/Ö,,E))^&,*)+&.0,Ö,,E))^&,*)+&.0, (2%D)':/,D/,:.%9+/,F,)3$%')3"/@,(+/+)(@,.H$&.&$'%@,(2%D)':/,D/,:.%9+/,F,)3$%')3"/@,(+/+)(@,.H$&.&$'%@,

:2D)$.(/@,.0H$/(,:2D)$.(/@,.0H$/(, D"5/%D.%6/,532($9+/D"5/%D.%6/,532($9+/

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QUINQUINA ET QUININEQUINQUINA ET QUININE

\G [%&)'D+6&$'%,/&,.(5/6&(,3$(&')$9+/(QG !"#$%$&$'%ZG i/(,D$##")/%&/(,/(546/(,D/,9+$%9+$%.NG >.)&$/(,+&$0$("/(

B'+)6/(8':5'($&$'%,63$:$9+/

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SG, ;:50'$(

INTRODUCTION ET DEFINITIONINTRODUCTION ET DEFINITIONU&$0$(.&$'%,&).D$&$'%/00/,.%6$/%%/,6'::/,#"*)$#+H/,.+,>")'+U&$0$(.&$'%,&).D$&$'%/00/,.%6$/%%/,6'::/,#"*)$#+H/,.+,>")'+

[%&)'D+$&/,/%,;+)'5/,K,P"(+$&/(,M,.+,}~[[[%&)'D+$&/,/%,;+)'5/,K,P"(+$&/(,M,.+,}~[[4:/4:/ ($460/,($460/,H).%D,(+664(,6'::/,#"*)$#+H/@,.%&$:.0.)$9+/H).%D,(+664(,6'::/,#"*)$#+H/@,.%&$:.0.)$9+/

Y/%)/,Y/%)/,CinchonaCinchona K,j+*$.6"/(,M,6)"/,5.),i$%%",/%,\RNQ,K,j+*$.6"/(,M,6)"/,5.),i$%%",/%,\RNQ,=,=,5.)&$),5.)&$),D_"63.%&$00'%(,D_"63.%&$00'%(,5)'?/%.%&,D+,>")'+5)'?/%.%&,D+,>")'+55 55

[('0/:/%&,D/,0.,[('0/:/%&,D/,0.,9+$%$%/9+$%$%/ F,>/00/&$/),/&,8.?/%&'+,K\hQOMF,>/00/&$/),/&,8.?/%&'+,K\hQOM

!"#$%$&$'%,D/,0.,>3.):.6'5"/,/+)'5"/%%/,!"#$%$&$'%,D/,0.,>3.):.6'5"/,/+)'5"/%%/,FFA+$%9+$%.,)'+H/,F,"6')6/,D/(("63"/,D/,A+$%9+$%.,)'+H/,F,"6')6/,D/(("63"/,D/,C. pubescensC. pubescens ~.30,~.30,KKC. succirubraC. succirubra >.?'%M,'+,D/,(/(,?.)$"&"(,'+,32*)$D/(>.?'%M,'+,D/,(/(,?.)$"&"(,'+,32*)$D/(

B/+0/,(5G,B/+0/,(5G, :'%'H).53$/,53.):.6/+&$9+/:'%'H).53$/,53.):.6/+&$9+/

E+&)/(,(55G,,E+&)/(,(55G,, (5(5G,/7&).6&$'%,9+$%$%/,F,G,/7&).6&$'%,9+$%$%/,F,C. ledgerianaC. ledgeriana(5(5G,0$9+')$(&/)$/,F,G,0$9+')$(&/)$/,F,C. officinalisC. officinalis

LES ESPECESLES ESPECESY/%)/,Cinchona F,9+.).%&.$%/,DJ/(546/(,D_.)*)/(

f)$H$%/,F,,8')D$004)/,.%D$%/,K8'0':*$/, >")'+M\WOO,- ZOOO:@,#')&/,50+?$'($&"#/+$00/(,'55'("/(@,#0/+)(,*0.%63/(,'+,)'("/(

;7$(&/%6/,32*)$D/( F .%6$/%%/&",D/(,6+0&+)/(,/&,("0/6&$'%2

!$(&$%6&$'%(,/%&)/,FAG,)'+H/,,KC. pubescens ~.30@,(2%G,C. succirubra >.?'%M,F,

/(546/,'##$6$%.0/,K')$H$%/,(5G,(.+?.H/,p,;9+.&/+)M

AG,H)$(,,KC. officinalis iGM,F,D$(&)$*+"/,8'0':*$/ .+,>")'+/(546/,.)':.&$9+/,F,+(.H/,/%,0$9+')$(&/)$/

AG,P.+%/,,KC. calisaya q/DD/00MF,D$(&)$*+"/,8'0':*$/ =,0.,1'0$?$/

Cinchona ledgeriana F,,/7&).6&$'%,D/,0.,9+$%$%/

A+$%9+$%.,)'+H/A+$%9+$%.,)'+H/

Cinchona Cinchona succirubrasuccirubra

A+$%9+$%.,H)$(A+$%9+$%.,H)$(

Cinchona Cinchona officinaofficina A+$%9+$%.,P.+%/A+$%9+$%.,P.+%/

Cinchona Cinchona calisayacalisaya A+$%9+$%.,0/DH/)$.%.A+$%9+$%.,0/DH/)$.%.

Cinchona Cinchona ledgerianaledgeriana

LA DROGUE : ÉCORCELA DROGUE : ÉCORCE

B'+)6/(,F,,B'+)6/(,F,,A+$%9+$%.(,D/,6+0&+)/,A+$%9+$%.(,D/,6+0&+)/,

E#)$9+/,'66$D/%&.0/,/&,')$/%&.0/E#)$9+/,'66$D/%&.0/,/&,')$/%&.0/

E:")$9+/,0.&$%/,E:")$9+/,0.&$%/, Å6')6/ D/ 9+$%9+$%. )'+H/Å6')6/ D/ 9+$%9+$%. )'+H/" 9+/ . /" 9+/ . /K,>")'+@,1'0$?$/@,;9+.&/+),MK,>")'+@,1'0$?$/@,;9+.&/+),M

f*&/%&$'%,F,f*&/%&$'%,F,1.&&.H/,/&,"6')t.H/,D/(,&)'%6(,1.&&.H/,/&,"6')t.H/,D/(,&)'%6(,/&,D/(,*).%63/(/&,D/(,*).%63/(

Å6')6/,D/,9+$%9+$%.,)'+H/Å6')6/,D/,9+$%9+$%.,)'+H/

Å6')6/,D/,Å6')6/,D/,Cinchona ledgerianaCinchona ledgeriana

COMPOSITION CHIMIQUECOMPOSITION CHIMIQUE>'0253"%'0(>'0253"%'0( F,#0.?.%F,#0.?.%--ZZ--'0(,(+*(&$&+"(,5.),.6$D/,6.#"$9+/'0(,(+*(&$&+"(,5.),.6$D/,6.#"$9+/

5)'.%&3'62.%$D'0(,D$:4)/(,/&,&)$:4)/(5)'.%&3'62.%$D'0(,D$:4)/(,/&,&)$:4)/(

E6$D/(,')H.%$9+/(,5.)&$6+0$/)(,E6$D/(,')H.%$9+/(,5.)&$6+0$/)(,F,.6$D/,9+$%$9+/,F,.6$D/,9+$%$9+/,

B.5'%'($D/(B.5'%'($D/( =,H"%$%/,&)$&/)5"%$9+/,D$6.)*'720$9+/=,H"%$%/,&)$&/)5"%$9+/,D$6.)*'720$9+/

]).6/(,DJ3+$0/,/((/%&$/00/]).6/(,DJ3+$0/,/((/%&$/00/

i.,&/%/+),D/(,i.,&/%/+),D/(,.06.0'CD/(.06.0'CD/( ?.)$/,(/0'%,0_/(546/,F?.)$/,(/0'%,0_/(546/,F

E06.0'CD/(,&'&.+7,E06.0'CD/(,&'&.+7,XX

A+$%$%/,XA+$%$%/,X

A+$%9+$%.,)'+H/A+$%9+$%.,)'+H/ N@W,N@W,ÉÉ h@Wh@W \,\,ÉÉ ZZ

A+$%9+$%.,H)$(A+$%9+$%.,H)$( W,W,ÉÉ hh Q,Q,ÉÉ R@WR@W

A+$%9+$%.,P.+%/A+$%9+$%.,P.+%/ Z,Z,ÉÉ RR O,O,ÉÉ NN

A+$%9+$%.,0/DH/)$.%.A+$%9+$%.,0/DH/)$.%. S,S,ÉÉ \N\N Z,Z,ÉÉ \Z\Z

STRUCTURE DES ALCALOIDESSTRUCTURE DES ALCALOIDES

E06.0'CD/(,:.P')$&.$)/(,D.%(,0_"6')6/,F,E06.0'CD/(,:.P')$&.$)/(,D.%(,0_"6')6/,F,

9+$%$%/,/&,9+$%$D$%/,9+$%$%/,/&,9+$%$D$%/,K,(&")"'K,(&")"'--$(':4)/(M,F,$(':4)/(M,F,9+$%'0"$%/,)/0$"/,=,%'2.+,*$6260$9+/,9+$%+60$D$9+/9+$%'0"$%/,)/0$"/,=,%'2.+,*$6260$9+/,9+$%+60$D$9+/

6$%63'%$D$%/,/&,6$%63'%$%/,6$%63'%$D$%/,/&,6$%63'%$%/,F,3':'0'H+/(,F,3':'0'H+/(,D":"&3'720"(,/%,8D":"&3'720"(,/%,8--SSll

E06.0'CD/(,:$%')$&.$)/(,D/,%.&+)/,$%D'0$9+/,K,6$%63'%.:$%/,M,:.P')$&.$)/(,D.%(,0/(,#/+$00/(

MONOGRAPHIE QUINQUINA ROUGEMONOGRAPHIE QUINQUINA ROUGE

8.).6&4)/(,')H.%'0/5&$9+/(,FV).H:/%&(,D_"6')6/,D/,*).%63/,/&,&)'%6,- B+)#.6/,/7&/)%/,H)$(-*)+%@,#$((+)"/,&).%(?G@,($00'%"/,0'%H$&+D$%.0/:/%&

- B+)#.6/,$%&/)%/,F,*)+%-)'+H/,#'%6"- B.?/+),&)4(,.:4)/

8.).6&4)/(,:.6)'(6'5$9+/(,F- V$*)/(,P.+%/(,=,5.)'$(,"5.$((/(@,(&)$"/(,/&,6.%.0$6+0"/(

- [D$'*0.(&/(,=,:$6)'6)$(&.+7,D_'7.0.&/

- >)"(/%6/,D/,(+*/)

MONOGRAPHIE QUINQUINA ROUGEMONOGRAPHIE QUINQUINA ROUGE

88<88< K,8k80K,8k80ZZ-- D$"&320.:$%/,bF\,MD$"&320.:$%/,bF\,M

;7&).$&,630')'#'):$9+/,;7&).$&,630')'#'):$9+/,FF]":'$%(,F,,9+$%$%/@,9+$%$D$%/@,6$%63'%$%/@,]":'$%(,F,,9+$%$%/@,9+$%$D$%/@,6$%63'%$%/@,6$%63'%$D$%/6$%63'%$D$%/6$%63'%$D$%/6$%63'%$D$%/

~$(+.0$(.&$'%~$(+.0$(.&$'% U~,U~,5+$(,5+0?")$(.&$'%,5+$(,5+0?")$(.&$'%,D_.6$D/,D_.6$D/,#'):$9+/#'):$9+/

>+0?")$(.&$'%,>+0?")$(.&$'%,)".6&$#,$'D'50.&$%.&/)".6&$#,$'D'50.&$%.&/&.63/(,?$'0/&&/(,F,,9+$%$%/,j#,0/,50+(,*.(,F,&.63/(,?$'0/&&/(,F,,9+$%$%/,j#,0/,50+(,*.(,F,

/%&)/,O@\O,/%&)/,O@\O,-- O@QWO@QW

j".6&$'%,/%,&+*/,j".6&$'%,/%,&+*/,F,63.+##.H/,D/,0.,5'+D)/,F,63.+##.H/,D/,0.,5'+D)/, H'+&/00/&&/(,)'+H/,H'+&/00/&&/(,)'+H/,(+),0/(,(+),0/(,5.)'$(,F,5.)'$(,F,530'*.534%/(530'*.534%/( #0+')/(6/%6/,*0/+,/%,U~,#0+')/(6/%6/,*0/+,/%,U~,

9+$%$%/

9+$%$D$%/6$%63'%$%/

6$%63'%$D$%/

EMPLOIS DES QUINQUINASEMPLOIS DES QUINQUINAS

A+$%9+$%.,)'+H/,A+$%9+$%.,)'+H/,F,/:50'$,:"D$6$%.0,)"D+$&,D.%(,F,/:50'$,:"D$6$%.0,)"D+$&,D.%(,0/(,"&.&(,#"*)$0/(,/&,H)$55.+7,/&,/%,3':"'5.&3$/0/(,"&.&(,#"*)$0/(,/&,H)$55.+7,/&,/%,3':"'5.&3$/

5'+),(&$:+0/),.55"&$&,/&,5)$(/,D/,5'$D(,K~fM5'+),(&$:+0/),.55"&$&,/&,5)$(/,D/,5'$D(,K~fM

D":.%H/.$('%( /& "&.&( 5/00$6+0.$)/( K+(.H/ /7&/)%/MD":.%H/.$('%( /& "&.&( 5/00$6+0.$)/( K+(.H/ /7&/)%/MD":.%H/.$('%(,/&,"&.&(,5/00$6+0.$)/(,K+(.H/,/7&/)%/MD":.%H/.$('%(,/&,"&.&(,5/00$6+0.$)/(,K+(.H/,/7&/)%/M

A+$%9+$%.,/%,H"%").0,A+$%9+$%.,/%,H"%").0,K\O,OOO,&'%%/(|.%M,F,K\O,OOO,&'%%/(|.%M,F,

WO,X,$%D+(&)$/,.H)'WO,X,$%D+(&)$/,.H)'--.0$:/%&.$)/,K.5")$&$#(@,I&'%$6(IM,,,,.0$:/%&.$)/,K.5")$&$#(@,I&'%$6(IM,,,,

/7&).6&$'%,D/,0.,9+$%$%/,/7&).6&$'%,D/,0.,9+$%$%/,

>.0+D$(:/,F>.0+D$(:/,F.6&$?/,(+),#'):/(,$%&)..6&$?/,(+),#'):/(,$%&).--")2&3)'62&.$)/(,K(.+#,(63$e'%&/(,.H"(M")2&3)'62&.$)/(,K(.+#,(63$e'%&/(,.H"(M

.6&$?/,(+),0/(,N,>0.(:'D$+:,.6&$?/,(+),0/(,N,>0.(:'D$+:, 3'::/3'::/

$%.6&$?/,(+),#'):/(,/7'$%.6&$?/,(+),#'):/(,/7'--")2&3)'62&.$)/(,F,(5')'e'C&/(@,&)'53'e'C&/(,,")2&3)'62&.$)/(,F,(5')'e'C&/(@,&)'53'e'C&/(,,/&,H.:"&'62&/(/&,H.:"&'62&/(

PROPRIETES PHARMACOLOGIQUES PROPRIETES PHARMACOLOGIQUES DE LA QUININEDE LA QUININE

<"6.%$(:/,F,<"6.%$(:/,F,$%3$*$&$'%,D/,0.,(2%&34(/,5)'&"$9+/,D+,5.).($&/,5.),*0'6.H/,D/,0.,$%3$*$&$'%,D/,0.,(2%&34(/,5)'&"$9+/,D+,5.).($&/,5.),*0'6.H/,D/,0.,D"H).D.&$'%,D/(,.:$%'.6$D/(,D/,0J3":'H0'*$%/,D/,0J")2&3)'62&/D"H).D.&$'%,D/(,.:$%'.6$D/(,D/,0J3":'H0'*$%/,D/,0J")2&3)'62&/$%3$*$&$'%,5'02:")$(.&$'%,34:/,/%,3":'e'C%/,%'%,&'7$9+/$%3$*$&$'%,5'02:")$(.&$'%,34:/,/%,3":'e'C%/,%'%,&'7$9+/&'7$6$&",5'+),0/,5.).($&/&'7$6$&",5'+),0/,5.).($&/

<2'6.)D/,<2'6.)D/,F,F, /76$&.*$0$&"@,6'%D+6&$*$0$&"@,6'%&).6&$*$0$&"/76$&.*$0$&"@,6'%D+6&$*$0$&"@,6'%&).6&$*$0$&"

<'D/(&/:/%&,F,<'D/(&/:/%&,F,.%&$52)"&$9+/@,.%.0H"($9+/@,6+).)$(.%&.%&$52)"&$9+/@,.%.0H"($9+/@,6+).)$(.%&

;:50'$,D/,0.,9+$%$%/,.+P'+)DJ3+$,F;:50'$,D/,0.,9+$%$%/,.+P'+)DJ3+$,Fj"(/)?",.+7,6.(,("?4)/(,D/,:.0.)$.,=,j"(/)?",.+7,6.(,("?4)/(,D/,:.0.)$.,=,P. falciparumP. falciparum

]).$&/:/%&,.664(,5.0+(&)/,K/%,5.)&$6+0$/),($,)"($(&.%6/M,]).$&/:/%&,.664(,5.0+(&)/,K/%,5.)&$6+0$/),($,)"($(&.%6/M,.D+0&/,.D+0&/,per osper os F,\@W,=,Q,H,|,P,,/%,Z,5)$(/(,5/%D.%&,R,P'+)(F,\@W,=,Q,H,|,P,,/%,Z,5)$(/(,5/%D.%&,R,P'+)(E664(,5/)%$6$/+7,F,D'(/,D/,63.)H/,5+$(,D'(/,DJ/%&)/&$/%@E664(,5/)%$6$/+7,F,D'(/,D/,63.)H/,5+$(,D'(/,DJ/%&)/&$/%@/%,5/)#+($'%,$%&).?/$%/+(/,0/%&/,5/%D.%&,R,P'+)(/%,5/)#+($'%,$%&).?/$%/+(/,0/%&/,5/%D.%&,R,P'+)(

EMPLOI DE LA QUININEEMPLOI DE LA QUININE

5 5 P5 5 PE+&)/(,/:50'$(,K/%,.(('6$.&$'%M,FE+&)/(,/:50'$(,K/%,.(('6$.&$'%M,F.##/6&$'%(,#"*)$0/(@,6).:5/(,:+(6+0.$)/(.##/6&$'%(,#"*)$0/(@,6).:5/(,:+(6+0.$)/(

8'%&)/8'%&)/--$%D$6.&$'%(,F$%D$6.&$'%(,F])'+*0/(,D/,0.,6'%D+6&$?$&",.+)$6+0'?/%&)$6+0.$)/])'+*0/(,D/,0.,6'%D+6&$?$&",.+)$6+0'?/%&)$6+0.$)/U(.H/,5)'0'%H",K(+)&'+&,($,D'(/(,"0/?"/(M,FU(.H/,5)'0'%H",K(+)&'+&,($,D'(/(,"0/?"/(M,Fuu ])'+*0/(,%/+)'(/%(')$/0(,K325'.6'+($/@,&)'+*0/(,'6+0.$)/(M])'+*0/(,%/+)'(/%(')$/0(,K325'.6'+($/@,&)'+*0/(,'6+0.$)/(Muu ])'+*0/(,D$H/(&$#(])'+*0/(,D$H/(&$#(uu B+)?/$00.%6/,H026":$/,%"6/((.$)/B+)?/$00.%6/,H026":$/,%"6/((.$)/

SOLANACÉES À ALCALOÏDES SOLANACÉES À ALCALOÏDES TROPANIQUESTROPANIQUES

>)$%6$5.0/(,/(546/(,D_$%&")^&,53.):.6/+&$9+/>)$%6$5.0/(,/(546/(,D_$%&")^&,53.):.6/+&$9+/1/00.D'%/,F,1/00.D'%/,F,Atropa belladonna Atropa belladonna ii. . K0$(&/,\MK0$(&/,\M

!.&+).,K'+,(&).:'$%/M,F,!.&+).,K'+,(&).:'$%/M,F,Datura stramonium Datura stramonium iG,K0$(&/,\MiG,K0$(&/,\M

�+(9+$.:/,%'$)/,F,�+(9+$.:/,%'$)/,F,Hyoscyamus niger Hyoscyamus niger iG,K0$(&/,\MiG,K0$(&/,\M

SOLANACÉES À ALCALOÏDES SOLANACÉES À ALCALOÏDES TROPANIQUESTROPANIQUES

ALCALOIDES ANTITUMORAUX NATURELSALCALOIDES ANTITUMORAUX NATURELS

\G,,E%&$&+:').+7,$%&/).H$((.%&,.?/6,0.,\G,,E%&$&+:').+7,$%&/).H$((.%&,.?/6,0.,&+*+0$%/&+*+0$%/ FF!")$?"(,D/,0.,5/)?/%63/,D/,<.D.H.(6.)!")$?"(,D/,0.,5/)?/%63/,D/,<.D.H.(6.)

].7'CD/(].7'CD/(

QG,,E%&$&+:').+7,.6&$#(,(+),0/(,QG,,E%&$&+:').+7,.6&$#(,(+),0/(,&'5'$(':").(/(&'5'$(':").(/( FF!")$?"(,D/,0.,6.:5&'&3"6$%/!")$?"(,D/,0.,6.:5&'&3"6$%/

!")$?"(,D/,0_/00$5&$6$%/!")$?"(,D/,0_/00$5&$6$%/

ANTITUMORAUX NATURELS INTERAGISSANT ANTITUMORAUX NATURELS INTERAGISSANT AVEC LA TUBULINEAVEC LA TUBULINE

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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION

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DÉRIVÉS NATURELS DE LA PERVENCHEDÉRIVÉS NATURELS DE LA PERVENCHE

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ACTION PHARMACOLOGIQUEACTION PHARMACOLOGIQUE

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TAXOÏDESTAXOÏDES

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COMPOSITION CHIMIQUECOMPOSITION CHIMIQUE

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PACLITAXEL = TAXOLPACLITAXEL = TAXOL®®

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HÉMISYNTHÈSE DU TAXOL®

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DOCETAXEL = TAXOTERE DOCETAXEL = TAXOTERE ®®

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ANTITUMORAUX NATURELS ACTIFS SUR ANTITUMORAUX NATURELS ACTIFS SUR LES TOPOISOMÉRASESLES TOPOISOMÉRASES

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RAPPELS SUR LA RÉPLICATION DE L’ADNRAPPELS SUR LA RÉPLICATION DE L’ADN

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